CN108195829A - 一种测量水体中氨氮的方法 - Google Patents
一种测量水体中氨氮的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种测量水体中氨氮的方法,用铵离子选择电极测量水体中氨氮含量,消除实际水样中其它离子对氨氮测量的干扰,提高了测量精度。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于物质成分分析技术领域,具体讲就是涉及一种测量水体中氨氮的方法。
背景技术
水中氨氮的来源主要为生活污水中含氮有机物受微生物作用的分解产物,某些工业废水以及农田排水等。大量含有氨氮的废水排入江河湖泊,会造成水体的富营养化,滋生有害水生物,导致鱼类死亡等,因此需要简便快捷地检测水体中氨氮含量。
氨氮的测定方法主要有比色法、气相分子吸收法、气敏氨电极法、离子铵电极法等。比色法操作简便,但干扰较多,需做相应的预处理;气相分子吸收法需使用原子吸收仪等专用仪器测定;气敏氨电极法需要对水样进行预处理,使水中的氨氮转化成氨气才能测量。铵离子选择电极测量水体中氨氮含量,此法不需要任何试剂,具有测量简便,响应快速且可以连续测量,适用范围广等优点,但在测量实际水样过程中,水样中的特殊离子如钾离子和某些有机成分等会对测量造成干扰,因此,需采取一定的方法消除干扰。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是针对上述现有的水体中氨氮的测量方法容易受干扰,测量精度低的技术缺陷,提供一种测量水体中氨氮的方法,用铵离子选择电极测量水体中氨氮含量,避免测量过程中受到干扰,提高了测量精度。
技术方案
为了实现上述技术目的,本发明设计的一种测量水体中氨氮的方法,其特征在于,它包括以下几个步骤:
a)试剂的制备
(1)实验用水的制备
试剂配制所用水均为无氨水,在无氨环境中用下述方法制备:
离子交换法:
蒸馏水通过强酸性阳离子交换树脂柱,将流出液收集在带有磨口玻璃塞的玻璃瓶内。每升流出液加10g树脂,以利于保存;
或
蒸馏法:
在l000mL的蒸馏水中,加0.lmL的ρ=1.84g/mL的硫酸,在全玻璃蒸馏器中重蒸馏,弃去前50mL馏出液,然后将800mL馏出液收集在带有磨口玻璃塞的玻璃瓶内,每升馏出液加10g强酸性阳离子交换树脂;
(2)ρ=1000mg/L氨氮标准溶液的制备
称取3.8190g氯化铵,在100℃~105℃干燥2小时,溶于水中,移入l000mL容量瓶中,稀释至标线,在2℃~5℃保存;
b)水体中氨氮的测试方法
(1)先用比色法测量待测水样中氨氮的浓度,记为C1(mg/L);
(2)取100mL待测水样,以此作为标定液一,氨氮浓度为C1(mg/L);
(3)另取100mL待测水样,并向其中添加1000g/L氨氮标准溶液,使其氨氮浓度为10C1(mg/L),以此作为标定液二,氨氮浓度记为C2(mg/L);
(4)以标定液一和标定液二进行两点标定,计算出铵离子选择电极的斜率K及截距b;
(5)测量水样中氨氮含量时,按照测量所得电位值及标定所得的斜率K及截距b,计算氨氮浓度。
有益效果
本发明提供的一种测量水体中氨氮的方法,用铵离子选择电极测量水体中氨氮含量,消除实际水样中其它离子对氨氮测量的干扰,提高了测量精度。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例
一种河水中氨氮的测试方法,它包括以下几个步骤:
a)试剂的制备方法
本实施例中,所用试剂均为符合国家标准的分析纯试剂。
(1)实验用水的制备
试剂配制所用水均为无氨水,在无氨环境中用下述方法制备:
在l000mL的蒸馏水中,加0.lmL的ρ=1.84g/mL的硫酸,在全玻璃蒸馏器中重蒸馏,弃去前50mL馏出液,然后将800mL馏出液收集在带有磨口玻璃塞的玻璃瓶内,每升馏出液加10g强酸性阳离子交换树脂。
(2)ρ=1000mg/L的氨氮标准溶液的制备
称取3.8190g氯化铵,在100℃~105℃干燥2小时,溶于水中,移入l000mL容量瓶中,稀释至标线,该溶液可在2℃~5℃保存1个月。
b)河水中氨氮的测试方法:
(1)先用纳氏试剂比色法测量待测水样中氨氮的浓度,记为C1(mg/L)。
(2)取100mL待测水样,以此作为标定液一,氨氮浓度为C1(mg/L)。
(3)另取100mL待测水样,并向其中添加1000g/L氨氮标准溶液,使其氨氮浓度约为10C1(mg/L),以此作为标定液二,氨氮浓度记为C2(mg/L)。
(4)以标定液一和标定液二进行两点标定,计算出铵离子选择电极的斜率K及截距b。
(5)测量水样中氨氮含量时,按照测量所得电位值及标定所得的斜率K及截距b,计算氨氮浓度。
Claims (1)
1.一种测量水体中氨氮的方法,其特征在于,它包括以下几个步骤:
a)试剂的制备
(1)实验用水的制备:
试剂配制所用水均为无氨水,在无氨环境中用下述方法制备:
离子交换法:
蒸馏水通过强酸性阳离子交换树脂柱,将流出液收集在带有磨口玻璃塞的玻璃瓶内。每升流出液加10g树脂,以利于保存;
或
蒸馏法:
在l000mL的蒸馏水中,加0.lmL的ρ=1.84g/mL的硫酸,在全玻璃蒸馏器中重蒸馏,弃去前50mL馏出液,然后将800mL馏出液收集在带有磨口玻璃塞的玻璃瓶内,每升馏出液加10g强酸性阳离子交换树脂;
(2)ρ=1000mg/L氨氮标准溶液的制备:
称取3.8190g氯化铵,在100℃~105℃干燥2小时,溶于水中,移入l000mL容量瓶中,稀释至标线,在2℃~5℃保存;
b)水体中氨氮的测试方法
(1)先用比色法测量待测水样中氨氮的浓度,记为C1(mg/L);
(2)取100mL待测水样,以此作为标定液一,氨氮浓度为C1(mg/L);
(3)另取100mL待测水样,并向其中添加1000g/L氨氮标准溶液,使其氨氮浓度为10C1(mg/L),以此作为标定液二,氨氮浓度记为C2(mg/L);
(4)以标定液一和标定液二进行两点标定,计算出铵离子选择电极的斜率K及截距b;
(5)测量水样中氨氮含量时,按照测量所得电位值及标定所得的斜率K及截距b,计算氨氮浓度。
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CN112034027A (zh) * | 2020-08-29 | 2020-12-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种用于废水中测定氨氮离子的电化学传感电极及其制备方法 |
Citations (1)
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CN101446551A (zh) * | 2009-01-09 | 2009-06-03 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业(集团)股份有限公司 | 一种液态乳及乳粉中微量元素含量的检测方法 |
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CN101446551A (zh) * | 2009-01-09 | 2009-06-03 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业(集团)股份有限公司 | 一种液态乳及乳粉中微量元素含量的检测方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
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冀春苗等: "离子选择性电极法测定污水处理厂进出水中的氨氮含量", 《净水技术》 * |
刘敬勇: "《环境监测实验》", 30 June 2012, 华南理工大学出版社 * |
卢冬兴: "标准加入分光光度法测定废水中氨氮", 《四川环境》 * |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112034027A (zh) * | 2020-08-29 | 2020-12-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种用于废水中测定氨氮离子的电化学传感电极及其制备方法 |
CN112034027B (zh) * | 2020-08-29 | 2021-12-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种用于废水中测定氨氮离子的电化学传感电极及其制备方法 |
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