Background technology
" bread is the staff of life, eats using rice as first ".Rice is the master of the most important cereal crops in China and more than 60% population
Food, but rice pest is an important factor for influencing rice high yield, stable yields and fine quality production.
But control method is improper to abuse pesticide, and environmental pollution and rice middle peasant can be caused residual exceeded and cause food security.
Therefore ensure that environment and food security are that be considered during rice disease prevents two are important while effective controlling disease
Problem.
There are many kinds of rice diseases, and the disease occurred in China's Rice Production has more than 30 kinds, but cause production loss compared with
Big disease has more than 10 kinds, and the wherein diseases such as rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, false smut, stripe virus disease and bacterial stripe are serious
Influence the disease of paddy growth and yield.
And rice blast, banded sclerotial blight and false smut are all diseases caused by fungal infection, can be infected in entire breeding time
Cause morbidity.Obstruct pest, panicle blast and grain pest, middle period pest and fringe neck for seedling pest, leaf pest, section pest, branch since rice blast is divided into
Pest are the most serious, and banded sclerotial blight mostly starts to break out in late tillering state, and false smut is mainly in the rice booting later stage to heading flowering period
It is susceptible,
Pythium oligandrum (Pythium Oligandrum) is the parasitical fungi that a kind of aggressiveness is very strong present in nature,
It can be in multiple kinds of crops rhizosphere colonization.Pythium oligadrum has parasitization to 20 various plants disease fungus, parasitization
Process includes absorption, winds and penetrate.It is invaded by mycelia in the tissue of pathomycete, gradually uses up its internal nutrient, together
When induction plant generate defense response, reduce the invasion of pathogen.
In addition, secretion and various enzymes that pythium oligandrum generates decompose the phosphorus in soil, heteroauxin in plant can be increased
(IAA) content.Heteroauxin is plant growth regulator, can promote plant strain growth, promotes crop root development, improves and support
Divide and absorb, be the good growth promoting activating agent of plant so as to reach promotion root growth.
In view of rice entire breeding time faces a variety of fungus-caused diseases, we are by using pythium oligandrum spore suspension
It soaks seed, while the rule occurred according to rice disease to rice disease morbidity plantation, sprays pythium oligandrum spore at times
Bacteria suspension, so as to substantially reduce rice fungal disease.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are, provide a kind of method of growth period duration of rice disease control, this hair
Bright method has developed one on the basis of existing Rice Cropping and management for the disease of the fungoid of rice entire breeding time
The new control models of kind.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of method of growth period duration of rice disease control, including following
Step:
A pythium oligandrum spore suspension is sprayed after rice transplanting is turned green;
The pythium oligandrum spore suspension of sprinkling in 5-10 days before terminating in rice tillering latter stage;
The pythium oligandrum spore suspension of sprinkling in 7-10 days before heading stage.
Further comprise:The pythium oligandrum spore suspension of sprinkling in 7-10 days before heading stage, in sprinkling pythium oligandrum
It to be sprayed in leaf body and soil surface during bacteria suspension.
Further comprise:The pythium oligandrum spore suspension of sprinkling in 7-10 days before heading stage, will avoid fungoid and kill
It is used while microbial inoculum.
The preparation method of the pythium oligandrum spore suspension includes:
After the sterile water dissolution of the wettable powder of pythium oligandrum bacterial strain, it is coated on PDA solid mediums, then
Thalline is carried out under the conditions of 10-44 DEG C again and expands culture;
On picking but mycelium inoculation to new PDA solid mediums, culture collects sporinite after 6~8 days, prepares spore and hangs
Liquid, the density for adjusting spore reach 90~120/ml.
The wettable powder of the pythium oligandrum bacterial strain is detached by commercially available " more Li Weisheng pythium oligandrums " preparation
It obtains.
On picking but mycelium inoculation to new PDA solid mediums, culture collects sporinite after 7 days, prepares spore suspension,
The density of adjustment spore reaches 108/ml.
The raw material of the PDA solid mediums includes:200 grams of potato;20 grams of glucose;Distilled water constant volume to 1000 milli
It rises, natural PH.
The preparation method of the PDA solid mediums includes:
A:It weighs to be cut into small pieces after peeled potatoes and be put into pot, add water 1000ml, be heated to boiling on the heaters, maintain
20-30min;It is filtered on measuring cup while hot with 2 layers of gauze, filter residue is abandoned or adopted;Filtrate keeps the skin wet to 1000ml;
B:Filtrate is put into pot, glucose 20g is added in, is then placed on asbestos gauge, small fire heating, and it is continuous with glass rod
Stirring, anti-agar are sticking or overflow, and are supplemented moisture to aequum;
C:It is dispensed after 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min of culture medium spare.
The preparation method step C of the PDA solid mediums further comprises:Add in 15g/L agar powders, 121 DEG C of sterilizings
It is dispensed after 30min spare.
In order to solve the above technical problems, invention further provides a kind of preparation method of PDA solid mediums, including following
Step:
A:It weighs to be cut into small pieces after peeled potatoes and be put into pot, add water 1000m1, be heated to boiling on the heaters, maintain
20-30min;It is filtered on measuring cup while hot with 2 layers of gauze, filter residue is abandoned or adopted;Filtrate keeps the skin wet to 1000ml;
B:Filtrate is put into pot, glucose 20g is added in, is then placed on asbestos gauge, small fire heating, and it is continuous with glass rod
Stirring, anti-agar are sticking or overflow, and are supplemented moisture to aequum;
C:It is dispensed after 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min of culture medium spare.
Advantageous effect of the present invention includes:A kind of method of growth period duration of rice disease control is provided, the method for the present invention is existing
On the basis of having Rice Cropping and management, a kind of new prevention is had developed for the disease of the fungoid of rice entire breeding time
Pattern.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment.To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, bright
Really, developing simultaneously referring to the drawings, the present invention is described in more detail for embodiment, but the invention is not limited in these embodiments.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of method of growth period duration of rice disease control, including following
Step:
A pythium oligandrum spore suspension is sprayed after rice transplanting is turned green;
The pythium oligandrum spore suspension of sprinkling in 5-10 days before terminating in rice tillering latter stage;
The pythium oligandrum spore suspension of sprinkling in 7-10 days before heading stage.
Further comprise:The pythium oligandrum spore suspension of sprinkling in 7-10 days before heading stage, in sprinkling pythium oligandrum
It to be sprayed in leaf body and soil surface during bacteria suspension.
Further comprise:The pythium oligandrum spore suspension of sprinkling in 7-10 days before heading stage, will avoid fungoid and kill
It is used while microbial inoculum.
The preparation method of the pythium oligandrum spore suspension includes:
After the sterile water dissolution of the wettable powder of pythium oligandrum bacterial strain, it is coated on PDA solid mediums, then
Thalline is carried out under the conditions of 10-44 DEG C again and expands culture;
On picking but mycelium inoculation to new PDA solid mediums, culture collects sporinite after 6~8 days, prepares spore and hangs
Liquid, the density for adjusting spore reach 90~120/ml.
The wettable powder of the pythium oligandrum bacterial strain is detached by commercially available " more Li Weisheng pythium oligandrums " preparation
It obtains.
On picking but mycelium inoculation to new PDA solid mediums, culture collects sporinite after 7 days, prepares spore suspension,
The density of adjustment spore reaches 108/ml.
The raw material of the PDA solid mediums includes:200 grams of potato;20 grams of glucose;Distilled water constant volume to 1000 milli
It rises, natural PH.
The preparation method of the PDA solid mediums includes:
A:It weighs to be cut into small pieces after peeled potatoes and be put into pot, add water 1000ml, be heated to boiling on the heaters, maintain
20-30min;It is filtered on measuring cup while hot with 2 layers of gauze, filter residue is abandoned or adopted;Filtrate keeps the skin wet to 1000ml;
B:Filtrate is put into pot, glucose 20g is added in, is then placed on asbestos gauge, small fire heating, and it is continuous with glass rod
Stirring, anti-agar are sticking or overflow, and are supplemented moisture to aequum;
C:It is dispensed after 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min of culture medium spare.
The preparation method step C of the PDA solid mediums further comprises:Add in 15g/L agar powders, 121 DEG C of sterilizings
It is dispensed after 30min spare.
In order to solve the above technical problems, invention further provides a kind of preparation method of PDA solid mediums, including following
Step:
A:It weighs to be cut into small pieces after peeled potatoes and be put into pot, add water 1000ml, be heated to boiling on the heaters, maintain
20-30min;It is filtered on measuring cup while hot with 2 layers of gauze, filter residue is abandoned or adopted;Filtrate keeps the skin wet to 1000ml;
B:Filtrate is put into pot, glucose 20g is added in, is then placed on asbestos gauge, small fire heating, and it is continuous with glass rod
Stirring, anti-agar are sticking or overflow, and are supplemented moisture to aequum;
C:It is dispensed after 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min of culture medium spare.
1st, the preparation of pythium oligandrum culture medium
(1) PDA culture medium formula:200 grams of potato;20 grams of glucose;Distilled water constant volume is to 1000 milliliters, natural PH
(2) PDA liquid medium is prepared:
A:Peeled potatoes are weighed one by one by culture medium prescription.Potato, which is cut into small pieces, to be put into pot, adds water 1000ml, is being heated
It being heated to boiling on device, maintaining 20-30min, with can be filtered on measuring cup while hot with 2 layers of gauze, filter residue is abandoned or adopted.Filtrate supplements water
Assign to 1000ml.
B:Filtrate is put into pot, glucose 20g is added in, is then placed on asbestos gauge, small fire heating, and it is continuous with glass rod
Stirring, is sticking or is overflowed to prevent agar, be supplemented moisture to aequum.
C:By actual requirement, the culture medium of preparation is distributed into test tube or 500ml triangular flasks.After 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min
It is spare.
(2) PDA solid mediums are prepared:
All preparation methods add in the agar of 15g/L as PDA liquid medium before autoclave sterilization
Powder be dispensed into culture dish in aseptic operating platform, be refrigerated after cooling spare again after sterilizing.
2nd, the preparation of pythium oligandrum bacteria suspension
Pythium oligandrum bacterial strain can be carried out separation by commercially available wettable powder " more Li Weisheng pythium oligandrums " preparation and be obtained
.Commercially available wettable powder is made of pythium oligandrum spore and inert carrier silica, by the sterile water dissolution of pulvis
Afterwards, be coated on PDA solid mediums, then again under room temperature carry out thalline expand culture (10-44 DEG C), picking but
On mycelium inoculation to new PDA solid mediums, culture collects sporinite after 7 days, prepares spore suspension, adjusts the density of spore
Reach 108/ml.
3rd, the preparation of pathogen bacteria suspension
Three kinds of pathogen bacteria suspensions are by collecting susceptible rice diseased plant upper one year, and susceptible strain section are collected
The bacterium solution for being prepared into liquid and preserving is ground afterwards.
4th, growth period duration of rice disease control
The prevention setting control group and experimental group (3 groups) of growth period duration of rice disease.Due to rice blast be divided into seedling pest, leaf pest,
Pest, branch stalk pest, panicle blast and grain pest are saved, middle period pest and panicle blast are the most serious, and banded sclerotial blight mostly starts in late tillering state
Breaking-out, false smut is mainly susceptible to heading flowering period in the rice booting later stage, therefore experimental group is respectively sprayed after rice transplanting is turned green
Pythium oligandrum spore suspension.5-10 days before terminating in rice tillering latter stage, a pythium oligandrum is respectively sprayed to experimental group
Spore suspension.A pythium oligandrum spore suspension is respectively sprayed within 7-10 days before heading stage to experimental group (in sprinkling pythium oligandrum
It all to be sprayed in leaf body and soil surface during bacteria suspension, and to avoid using while fungoid fungicide).
Remaining, control group and experimental group carry out carbendazim according to normal field management and spray.
5th, experimental result
Each disease randomly chooses 100 plants respectively, counts susceptible situation, and specific susceptible strain number is according to such as table 1.
1 rice blast of table, false smut and banded sclerotial blight morbidity statistical data
Specific experiment result is as shown in Figs. 1-3.
6th, interpretation of result
From experimental result, fungicide a degree of can be prevented in the prevention of these three diseases, but effect
It is bad.And spraying for pythium oligandrum spore suspension is combined, false smut and banded sclerotial blight incidence are substantially reduced, therefore pythium oligandrum exists
The prevention of both diseases has obvious effect.Therefore terminate in rice tillering latter stage before 5-10 days with heading stage before
Pythium oligandrum spore suspension is sprayed to rice seedling within 7-10 days, in combination with carbendazim, can preferably control incidence.It is and few male rotten
The combined use of mould spore suspension and carbendazim is not notable to the control effect of rice blast.
The above is only several embodiments of the present invention, any type of limitation is not done to the present invention, although this hair
It is bright to be disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, however not to limit the present invention, any person skilled in the art is not taking off
In the range of technical solution of the present invention, make a little variation using the technology contents of the disclosure above or modification is equal to
Case study on implementation is imitated, is belonged in technical solution of the present invention protection domain.