CN108141658A - 生产线pcb串行编程和测试方法及系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于测试无线耳机的系统和方法,其提供了制造中改进的效率。启动无线耳机的一个或多个印刷电路板的自动化测试。测试半组装的无线耳机。执行线尾功能测试。执行无线耳机的最终声学测试。
Description
优先权声明
本申请要求于2015年8月29日提交的美国临时专利申请No.62/211,724的优先权,该申请通过引用被整体结合于此。
技术领域
本发明涉及无线设备制造。更具体地但非排他地,本发明涉及生产线PCB串行编程和测试。
背景技术
近年来随着制造工艺、设备和无线标准的改进,无线设备的使用大幅增长。随着无线设备变得越来越小、便携性越来越高,对于部件和电路系统的空间限制变得甚至越来越受到制约。空间约束对于无线耳机尤其有限。这种空间约束排除了为利用印刷电路板(PCB)的设备布局使用大量的测试点。因此,在制造过程期间测试PCB可能很困难,潜在地导致附加的时间和装备要求、设备故障、额外的故障排除和附加的费用。
发明内容
一个方面包括一种包括处理器和存储器的系统、方法和测试设备,存储器具有被执行以测试无线耳机的指令。启动无线耳机的一个或多个印刷电路板的自动化测试。测试半组装的无线耳机。执行线尾(End-of-line)功能测试。执行无线耳机的最终声学测试。
另一个方面包括用于测试无线耳机的系统。该系统可以包括连接到无线耳机的计算设备。该系统还可以包括连接到计算设备的参考无线耳机。计算设备可以被配置为启动无线耳机的一个或多个印刷电路板(PCB)的自动化测试、测试半组装的无线耳机、执行线尾功能测试以及执行无线耳机的最终声学测试。
附图说明
下面参考附图详细描述本发明的说明性实施例,附图通过引用被结合于此,并且其中:
图1是根据说明性实施例的测试系统的图形表示;
图2是根据说明性实施例的用于测试无线耳机的PCB的过程的流程图;
图3是根据说明性实施例的用于启动自动化生产面板测试的过程的流程图;
图4是根据说明性实施例的用于执行无线设备的半组件的过程的流程图;以及
图5描绘了根据说明性实施例的计算系统500。
具体实施方式
说明性实施例提供了用于生产线PCB串行编程和测试的系统和方法。在一个实施例中,PCB可以是无线耳机的部件,诸如外耳或外耳道设备。当本文提及PCB时,可以指一个或多个PCB、系统、子系统、部件或整个设备。
PCB以及无线耳机的子系统可以贯穿无线耳机集成的各个阶段进行测试。通过利用本文描述的过程、步骤和方法,说明性实施例在提高用于无线耳机的一个或多个版本的制造生产线的效率方面提供显著的优势。此外,通过在有缺陷的部件被进一步集成到无线耳机中之前去除有缺陷的部件,可以实现明显的成本节省。因此,可以在制造过程期间更动态地去除有缺陷的设备以保留起作用零件,而不是丢弃无线耳机的整个系统或子系统。在另一个实施例中,无线耳机可以表示任何数量的无线设备。
在所描述的测试过程期间,PCB和对应的无线耳机可以被编程为串行认证PCB和无线耳机的所有部件组的功能。测试可以通过利用定制夹具的测试系统来执行,该定制夹具可以连接到PCB和无线耳机接口或以其它方式与PCB和无线耳机接口。在一个实施例中,说明性实施例的测试、认证和其它过程可以利用如本文描述的四个阶段来实现。
图1是根据说明性实施例的测试系统100的图形表示。在一个实施例中,测试系统100可以被配置用于测试外耳道设备,诸如包括PCB 104的无线耳机。测试系统100可以利用任何数量的设备或部件或者以各种方式被配置用于执行本文描述的过程。
在一个实施例中,测试系统100可以包括计算设备106、接口108、测试夹具110、一个或多个待测设备(DUT)102、参考设备116和接口118。
计算设备106可以是用于测试DUT 102的桌面计算设备、专用计算设备、平板电脑、一个或多个服务器、数据库或(一个或多个)其它设备。计算设备106可以表示被配置为与DUT 102通信或以其它方式交互的一个或多个计算设备。在一个示例中,计算设备106可以表示用于存储多个DUT的测试信息的个人计算机、服务器和数据库。
计算设备106可以具有可用于测量DUT 102的性能、特性和响应的专用硬件和逻辑,诸如信号生成器、收发器、信号处理器、光传感器、麦克风、扬声器、传感器和测量设备。在另一个实施例中,计算设备106可以包括由计算设备的处理器执行以执行测试的数据库或指令。例如,可以执行存储在计算设备106的非瞬态存储器中的一组指令以执行本文描述的步骤。
在另一个实施例中,测量装备的全部或部分可以与测试夹具110集成或连接。计算设备106还可以连接到一个或多个数据或无线网络。例如,计算设备106(以及DUT 102)可以与一个或多个无线网络(例如,蓝牙、WiFi、蜂窝、Zigbee等)、局域网或其它有线网络(例如,以太网、电力线、光纤等)通信。网络可以表示由一个或多个服务提供商运营的任何数量的公共和私有网络(例如,互联网)。例如,测试脚本、程序、更新或指令可以通过包括私有WiFi网络、局域网以及公共或云网络的多个互连网络检索。
接口108和118可以分别表示连接在计算设备106和DUT 102以及计算设备106和参考设备116之间的串行连接件、电缆或导线。例如,接口108和118可以是从计算设备106到DUT 102和参考设备116的USB连接件。接口108和118还可以表示无线连接,诸如蓝牙、WiFi、近场通信、射频(RF)通信或可以利用发射器、接收器或收发器建立的其它无线连接。因此,可以测试DUT 102的功能方面。
测试夹具110物理上固定DUT 102以及与DUT 102整体上以及与DUT 102的各个部件电交互,以完全测试DUT102和对应的PCB 104。例如,测试夹具110可以利用一个或多个夹具或臂机械地固定DUT 102。测试夹具110还可以包括导线、微型接口(例如,微型USB等)、蓝牙或其它无线系统,诸如射频天线或用于连接、探测或编程到PCB 104的任何数量的测试点的其它电接口。
参考设备116可以用于生成用于测试和测量DUT 102的参考信号。此外,参考设备116可以用于与DUT 102通信以执行如本文所述的功能测试。无线耳机102可以被配置为成对使用(即,左耳和右耳)。参考设备用于测试磁感应链路,以控制和跟踪半组装的DUT 102。参考设备116经由网关与DUT 102通信。参考设备可以测试所有主要的PCB部件子系统;通过等级允许PCB沿着组件线进一步向下移动以集成到组装产品中。
图2是根据说明性实施例的用于测试无线耳机的PCB的过程的流程图。图2-4的过程可以利用测试系统或设备来实现,并且可以包括如本文所述的多个阶段或步骤。这些过程可以一次在单个设备上执行,或者成批或在设备的运行中为多个设备执行。在一个实施例中,无线耳机的PCB在面板上生产,该面板可以包括用于多个不同设备的PCB。测试序列可以在与面板(其的每个PCB也可以被称为待测设备–DUT 102)上的设备相关联的每个PCB上运行。面板上PCB的测试可以并行、串行或顺序执行。未通过测试的任何PCB都可能返工(例如,修改、翻新、丢弃、回收等)。返工站点处的返工可以为测试人员提供增强的测试结果信息。在面板上已经测试所有PCB之后,可以从面板上去除成功评估的设备以便集成到最终产品中。机器人和计算机化的测试逻辑(例如,逻辑电路、固件、脚本等)可以用于最小化该过程中的手动用户干预。例如,可以使用机器人将PCB/DUT连接到测试夹具,以及识别通过的PCB并选择这些用于进一步的组件线集成,从而留下在主电路板组件上没有通过的PCB用于返工。
图2的过程可以通过启动自动化生产面板测试开始(步骤200)。在一个实施例中,系统可以包括可以物理连接到定制的PCB的个人计算机、服务器或其它计算设备。计算设备可以连接到与PCB接口的多个测试设备和装备。在一个实施例中,系统可以利用连接到RF测试盒的唯一射频(RF)天线。例如,面板可以被封闭在隔离外部射频以便更准确测试的RF测试盒中。如果面板存在问题,那么面板可以被传送210到附接到监视器212的单个返工站点214。单个返工站点214可以提供关于原始测试失败的(一个或多个)具体原因的详细数据。这时,或者系统纠正问题并将DUT返回216以进行自动化生产面板测试200,或者否则它被拒绝219。
接下来,系统执行无线设备的半组件测试(步骤202)。在步骤202期间,利用将半组装的DUT连接到系统用于自动化测试的夹具测试DUT的半组件。如果半组件存在问题,那么半组件可以被传送220到附接到监视器222的单个返工站点224。单个返工站点224可以提供关于原始测试失败的(一个或多个)具体原因的详细数据。这时,或者系统纠正问题并将半组件返回226以进行半组件测试202或者否则它被拒绝229。
接下来,系统执行线尾功能测试(步骤204)。在步骤204期间,无线设备可以完全形成,其中电池完全封闭在设备内部。如前所述,定制夹具可以用于光敏元件的最终测试。在一个实施例中,参考无线耳机可以用于测试DUT。在一个实施例中,参考无线耳机用于通过以测试DUT的NFMI天线的极限的方式进行通信并复制DUT预期遇到的最极端条件来测试NFMI天线和芯片组合。预计DUT在没有错误的情况下并且在连接范围的限制内通信。在步骤204期间利用的测试夹具可以暴露DUT的任何潜在的NFMI链接错误。测试夹具还用于测试脉搏血氧仪、触摸传感器以及红色绿色和蓝色(RGB)发光二极管(LED)。在一个实施例中,夹具可以包括用于接合或激活(一个或多个)触摸传感器的机械臂。测试夹具还可以模拟用于测试脉搏血氧仪的脉冲。测试夹具可以包括用于检测或反射由LED产生的光的光传感器或设备。在一个实施例中,DUT可以是光隔离的或以其它方式封闭在屏蔽内以确保环境光不影响测试的结果。在另一个实施例中,DUT本身用于通过将发射的光反射回到DUT内包含的传感器上来测量LED和脉搏血氧定量输出。如果DUT未通过测试,那么DUT被拒绝239。
接下来,系统执行最终的声学测试(步骤206),其后该过程终止。在步骤206的最终声学测试期间,利用定制的测试夹具来执行测试。步骤206的测试可以在用于测试外耳道(EAC)麦克风的声学隔离室或房间中执行,该外耳道(EAC)麦克风可以是被调谐以检测周围骨结构的振动的骨麦克风、EAC扬声器、位于上侧段上的环境麦克风和通过DUT的NFMI链接的音频。
在步骤206期间,可以将音频播放到DUT的环境麦克风中,并且然后由EAC扩音器重新传输,并由放置在测试夹具下方的麦克风记录。然后,可以针对参考信号分析记录的音频。在一个实施例中,有四个片段被分析,包括:低-例如,100+Hz(麦克风和扬声器低音的测试),中-例如,1000Hz+障碍的测试,高-例如,3000Hz+参考和校准的测试,以及白噪声-寻找间隙或峰值、共振频率或堵塞。
音频也可以播放到EAC麦克风中,并且然后由NFMI传输到测试夹具中的参考无线耳机。参考无线耳机然后可以将音频发送到计算机,其中信号可以针对参考信号进行分析。如果它在这里失败,那么它被拒绝249。在成功执行最终声学测试之后,成功生产的DUT被发送用于包装208。
在一个实施例中,可以利用单个定制夹具在图2的不同步骤期间执行测试。说明性实施例提供生产点分析和部件集问题的识别。说明性实施例使生产的效率最大化、在生产过程中更早地识别故障、并且通过使耦合到故障部件的功能部件集的浪费最小化来节省资金。通过在过程中较早地发现问题,部件不会被不可逆地组合。在一些情况下,可以诊断问题以防止其它设备遭受类似问题。此外,一些部件可以被保存,以便在适当的情况下进行返工、重用或回收。
图3是根据说明性实施例的用于启动自动化生产面板测试的过程的流程图。在一个实施例中,图3的过程可以对应于图2的步骤200。首先,系统测试PCB的部件集以获得能量消耗(步骤302)。系统可以确保能量消耗(以及本文描述的过程的其它测试测量)在指定的容限、阈值或范围(例如,电压、电流、以瓦为单位的功率等)内。可以指定上限、下限和中位测量值。响应于任何测试失败,可以生成警报或将PCB标记以进行返工。例如,可以利用测试系统的数据库来跟踪测试结果(包括失败)用于后续分析。可以利用序列号、条形码、射频标签或其它指定的标识符将PCB或部件与测试结果和测量相关联。
接下来,系统对PCB上的智能部件进行编程(步骤304)。PCB可以包括任何数量的智能或可编程部件,诸如蓝牙芯片、逻辑芯片、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、处理芯片(例如,动力学ARM芯片)等等。
接下来,系统执行RF测试(步骤306)。在一个实施例中,可以指示蓝牙设备或RF部件(例如,蓝牙收发器、WiFi收发器等)在计划频率上传输和/或接收,同时执行晶体修整。频率调整可以被执行以调谐或微调RF收发器的频率传输。
接下来,系统测试PCB的蓝牙(步骤308)。在一个实施例中,可以根据预设标准来实现和测量多个测试。在一个实施例中,测试数据被传输到系统的接收器并对错误进行评估。此外,可以为PCB的蓝牙部件设置噪声基线或本底。
接下来,系统执行PCB的电池保护测试(步骤310)。当电池电压低于制造商的最低规范时,将检查PCB和对应的电路以验证系统被配置为利用最小的电流。接下来,系统测试PCB的正常电池充电能力(步骤312)。在一个实施例中,可以确定用于给电池充电的电压和电流以及当电池被完全充电时的容量。
接下来,系统去除外部电力并测量用电量(步骤314)。在步骤314期间,当从内部电池连接汲取电力时,系统验证PCB利用指定范围内的电力。
接下来,系统测试以验证PCB的微控制器能够连接到触摸传感器、加速计、存储器和近场磁感应(NFMI)芯片(步骤316)。在一个实施例中,测试信号可以被发送到各种子系统(例如,触摸传感器、加速计、存储器、NFMI芯片、射频识别标签、陀螺仪等)中的每一个。一旦图3的测试完成,系统就关闭PCB。在短暂延迟之后,PCB连接到USB或其它接口。系统然后可以确定PCB上可用的存储器的大小。也可以根据需要执行存储器的配置或默认文件的上传。
图4是根据说明性实施例的用于执行无线设备的半组装的过程的流程图。在一个实施例中,图4的测试可以对应于图2的步骤202。PCB在制造上可能是昂贵的,并且因此如前所述的机电测试夹具可以用于将系统(例如,计算设备)的全部或部分与PCB接口。
该过程通过将DUT的外侧段和中段装配到夹具开始(步骤402)。这时,外侧段和中段两者(或子组件)是分开的并且尚未被融合在一起,从而允许在最终组装之前根据需要进行改变。如果外侧段或中段中的任一个存在故障,那么该段可以被返工,以降低成本和使浪费最小化。中段是注定要放置在最靠近鼓膜的DUT的部分。
接下来,系统通过夹具加载初始化文件来验证功能(步骤404)。系统加载DUT的内部软件来进行测试。在步骤404期间,DUT从USB重新启动。然后DUT就像被完全集成一样准备好进行操作。在重新启动期间,预计DUT重新启动,并验证各种内部设备,包括NFMI天线(例如,校准)、电池、脉搏血氧仪、放大器以及其它子系统和部件。
接下来,系统重新连接到DUT以重新列举为大容量存储设备(步骤406)。系统可以通过诸如USB连接的接口重新连接。在步骤406期间,先前加载的初始化文件从DUT中删除。此外,用于记录DUT的部件的功能的跟踪文件被复制并从DUT中去除以用于分析并确定是否存在任何错误。
接下来,系统将所有文件复制到DUT上(步骤408)。如果DUT继续通过图4的每个步骤,那么系统复制所有的系统、音频和其它文件。在图4的过程期间的任何时间,如果发生故障,那么特定的子系统(诸如外侧段或中段)被标记用于返工并被进一步处理。在图4的过程之后,子组件可以被焊接在一起。
说明性实施例可以采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例(包括固件、驻留软件、微代码等)或组合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式,这些都可以在本文中被一般地称为“电路”、“模块”或“系统”。此外,本发明主题的实施例可以采用体现在任何有形的表达介质中的计算机程序产品的形式,该有形的表达介质具有体现在介质中的计算机可用程序代码。所描述的实施例可以被提供为计算机程序产品或软件,其可以包括其上存储有指令的机器可读介质,该指令可以用于对计算系统(或其它(一个或多个)电子设备)进行编程以执行根据无论当前是否被描述的实施例的过程,因为本文没有列举每一个可想到的变体。机器可读介质可以包括用于以机器(例如,计算机)可读的形式(例如,软件、处理应用)存储或传输信息的任何机制。机器可读介质可以包括但不限于磁存储介质(例如,软盘);光存储介质(例如,CD-ROM);磁光存储介质;只读存储器(ROM);随机存取存储器(RAM);可擦除可编程存储器(例如,EPROM和EEPROM);闪存;或适用于存储电子指令的其它类型的介质。此外,实施例可以体现在电、光、声或其它形式的传播信号(例如,载波、红外信号、数字信号等)或有线、无线或其它通信介质中。
用于执行实施例的操作的计算机程序代码可以用一种或多种程序设计语言的任意组合来编写,包括面向对象的程序设计语言,诸如Java、Smalltalk、C++等,以及常规的过程式程序设计语言,诸如“C”编程语言或类似的编程语言。程序代码可以完全在用户的计算机上执行、部分地在用户的计算机上执行、作为独立的软件包执行、部分地在用户的计算机上并且部分地在远程计算机上执行、或者完全在远程计算机或服务器上执行。在后一种情景下,远程计算机可以通过任何类型的网络(包括局域网(LAN)、个人区域网(PAN)或广域网(WAN))连接到用户的计算机,或者可以连接到外部计算机(例如,通过使用互联网服务提供商的互联网)。
图5描绘了根据说明性实施例的计算系统500,其包括处理器单元501(可能地包括多个处理器、多个核心、多个节点和/或实现多线程等)。计算系统包括存储器507。存储器507可以是系统存储器(例如,高速缓存、SRAM、DRAM、零电容器RAM、双晶体管RAM、eDRAM、EDORAM、DDR RAM、EEPROM、NRAM、RRAM、SONOS、PRAM等中的一个或多个)或以上已经描述的机器可读介质的可能实现中的任何一个或多个。计算系统还包括总线503(例如,PCI、ISA、PCI-Express、 NuBus等)、网络接口505(例如,ATM接口、以太网接口、帧中继接口、SONET接口、无线接口等)以及(一个或多个)存储设备509(例如,光存储器,磁存储器等)。系统存储器507体现实现上述实施例的功能。系统存储器507可以包括便于检索与标识符相关联的音频信息的一个或多个功能。代码可以在计算系统500的任何其它设备中实现。这些功能中的任何一个可以部分(或全部)在硬件中实现和/或在处理单元501上实现。例如,功能可以用专用集成电路在处理单元501中实现的逻辑中、在外围设备或卡上的协处理器等中实现。此外,实现可以包括图5中未示出的更少或附加的部件(例如,视频卡、声卡、附加网络接口、外围设备等)。处理器单元501、(一个或多个)存储设备509和网络接口505耦合到总线503。虽然图示为耦合到总线503,但是存储器507可以耦合到处理器单元501。
虽然参考各种实现和开发描述了实施例,但是应该理解的是,这些实施例是说明性的,并且本发明主题的范围不限于它们。通常,用于测试和处理无线耳机、PCB和其它部件的技术如本文所述可以用与任何(一个或多个)硬件系统一致的设备、设施或装备来实现。许多变化、修改、添加和改进都是可能的。
可以为本文作为单个实例描述的部件、操作或结构提供多个实例。最后,各个部件、操作和数据存储之间的边界有些随意,并且特定的操作是在具体说明性配置的上下文中说明的。功能的其它分配是可以预期的并且可以落入本发明主题的范围内。通常,在示例性配置中作为单独部件给出的结构和功能可以实现为组合的结构或部件。类似地,作为单独部件给出的结构和功能可以被实现为单独的部件。这些和其它变化、修改、添加和改进可以落入本发明主题的范围内。先前的详细描述是用于实现本发明的少量实施例,并且不旨在限制范围。以下权利要求书阐述了更具体公开的本发明的多个实施例。
Claims (19)
1.一种用于测试无线耳机的方法,所述方法包括:
启动无线耳机的一个或多个印刷电路板(PCB)的自动化测试;
测试半组装的无线耳机;
执行线尾的功能测试;
执行无线耳机的最终声学测试。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述自动化测试利用通过一个或多个测试夹具连接到无线耳机的计算设备来执行。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中所述自动化测试在包括多个PCB的面板上执行。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中所述无线耳机在线尾功能测试期间与参考无线耳机无线通信。
5.如权利要求2至4中任一项所述的方法,其中所述测试夹具被配置为在线尾功能测试期间测试无线耳机的脉搏血氧仪、触摸屏和显示灯。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其中所述无线耳机包括在最终声学测试期间被测试的外耳道麦克风和外耳道扬声器以及环境麦克风。
7.如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法,其中所述无线耳机在测试期间被屏蔽射频、光和声音。
8.如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法,其中启动自动化生产面板测试还包括:
测试PCB的部件集的能源消耗;
对PCB上的智能部件进行编程;
执行PCB的射频测试;
测试PCB的电池充电能力;
测量用电量;以及
验证PCB的微控制器连接到PCB的部件。
9.如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法,其中执行PCB的射频测试包括测试去往和来自PCB的蓝牙通信。
10.如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法,其中执行无线耳机的半组装还包括:
将无线耳机的外侧段和中段装配到所述一个或多个测试夹具;
通过测试夹具加载初始化文件来验证功能;
重新连接到无线耳机以重新列举为大容量存储设备;以及
将所有文件复制到无线耳机上。
11.一种用于测试无线耳机的系统,所述系统包括:
连接到无线耳机的计算设备;
连接到计算设备的参考无线耳机,
其中计算设备被配置为:
启动无线耳机的一个或多个印刷电路板(PCB)的自动化测试,
测试半组装的无线耳机,
执行线尾功能测试,以及
执行无线耳机的最终声学测试。
12.如权利要求11所述的系统,其中所述计算设备连接到用于存储无线耳机的测试结果和测量的数据库。
13.如权利要求11或12所述的系统,其中所述计算设备还被配置为:
测试PCB的部件集的能源消耗;
对PCB上的智能部件编程;
执行PCB的射频测试;
测试PCB的电池充电能力;
测量用电量;以及
验证PCB的微控制器连接到PCB的部件。
14.如权利要求13所述的系统,其中所述PCB的部件至少包括脉搏血氧仪、触摸屏和无线耳机的显示灯。
15.一种测试设备,包括:
处理器,用于执行一组指令;以及
存储器,用于存储所述一组指令,其中所述一组指令被执行以:
启动无线耳机的一个或多个印刷电路板(PCB)的自动化测试;
执行无线耳机的半组装测试;
执行无线耳机的线尾功能测试;
执行无线耳机的最终声学测试。
16.如权利要求15所述的测试设备,其中所述一组指令还被执行以:
测试PCB的部件集的能源消耗;
对PCB上的智能部件编程;
执行PCB的射频测试;
测试PCB的电池充电能力;
测量用电量;以及
验证PCB的微控制器连接到PCB的部件。
17.如权利要求15或16所述的测试设备,其中所述一组指令还被执行以:
通过测试夹具加载初始化文件来验证功能,其中无线耳机的外侧段和中段装配到所述一个或多个测试夹具;
将无线耳机重新列举为大容量存储设备;以及
将所有文件复制到无线耳机上。
18.如权利要求15至17中任一项所述的测试设备,其中所述测试设备在包括多个PCB的面板上执行测试,所述多个PCB包括无线耳机的PCB。
19.如权利要求15至18中任一项所述的测试设备,其中所述射频测试包括测试去往和来自PCB的短程通信。
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EP3342177A1 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
US10104487B2 (en) | 2018-10-16 |
US20190045311A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 |
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