CN108141113B - Motor with a stator having a stator core - Google Patents

Motor with a stator having a stator core Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108141113B
CN108141113B CN201680059363.XA CN201680059363A CN108141113B CN 108141113 B CN108141113 B CN 108141113B CN 201680059363 A CN201680059363 A CN 201680059363A CN 108141113 B CN108141113 B CN 108141113B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
housing
bearing
bearing holder
stator
holder
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Application number
CN201680059363.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108141113A (en
Inventor
小川幸祐
服部隆志
瀬口敬史
村上俊辅
新子刚央
山下佳明
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Nidec Corp
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Nidec Corp
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Priority claimed from PCT/JP2016/079759 external-priority patent/WO2017026550A1/en
Publication of CN108141113A publication Critical patent/CN108141113A/en
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Publication of CN108141113B publication Critical patent/CN108141113B/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/161Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics

Abstract

A motor, comprising: a rotor having a shaft centered on a central axis extending in a vertical direction; a stator disposed to be opposed to the rotor in a radial direction; a bearing that supports a shaft; a bearing holder that holds a bearing; and a housing that is open on an upper side and that houses the rotor, the stator, and the bearing holder, wherein the housing has a control device housing area that is capable of housing at least a part of a control device electrically connected to the stator at a position above the bearing holder, an inner diameter of the housing in the control device housing area is larger than an inner diameter of the housing at a position where the bearing holder is attached, and the bearing holder is held by an inner peripheral surface of the housing by interference fit.

Description

Motor with a stator having a stator core
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a motor.
Background
Conventionally, a motor in which a motor case for housing the motor and a housing member for housing a control device are coupled and integrated is known (see japanese patent application laid-open No. 2013-090376).
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
When the motor case and the housing member are coupled together as described in japanese patent application laid-open No. 2013-090376, the number of parts increases, and it is difficult to reduce the size. Therefore, it is conceivable to extend the motor case and store the control device and the motor in a common motor case. In this structure, the motor housing is increased in size in the axial direction by the area in which the control device is housed. Therefore, it is not easy to insert the components constituting the motor into the motor housing. In particular, since the bearing holder holding the stator and the bearing fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the motor housing is inserted through the region of the motor housing where the control device is disposed, the inner peripheral surface of the motor housing is easily damaged, making manufacturing difficult.
An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a motor including: the control device can be accommodated in a housing (motor case) for accommodating the motor without impairing the ease of manufacture, and the number of components can be reduced and the size can be reduced.
Means for solving the problems
A motor according to an aspect of the present invention is used to transmit a predetermined torque to an external drive mechanism. The motor has: a rotor having a shaft centered on a central axis extending in a vertical direction; a stator disposed to be opposed to the rotor in a radial direction; an upper bearing supporting an upper side of the shaft; a lower bearing supporting a lower side of the shaft; a bearing holder that holds the upper bearing; and a housing that is open at an upper side and that houses the rotor, the stator, and the bearing holder. The lower end of the shaft protrudes from the housing to the outside and transmits a predetermined torque to the external drive mechanism. The housing has: a housing tube section that houses the rotor, the stator, and the bearing holder; a housing bottom portion that closes off an opening on the lower side of the housing tube portion; and a housing table extending in a circumferential direction on an inner circumferential surface of the housing tube portion so as to face the opening side of the housing. The housing tube portion has a control device housing area capable of housing at least a part of a control device electrically connected to the stator, at a position above the bearing holder. The bearing holder is held by an inner peripheral surface of the housing tube portion, is in contact with the housing table, and has an upper bearing holding portion for holding the upper bearing. The upper bearing holding part includes: an upper bearing cylinder section fitted to an outer ring of the upper bearing; and an upper bearing receiving portion extending radially inward on an upper side of the upper bearing tube portion. The housing bottom portion has a lower bearing holding portion for holding the lower bearing. In the upper bearing, an inner ring of the upper bearing is fixed to the shaft, an outer ring of the upper bearing is movable in a vertical direction with respect to the upper bearing holding portion, and a biasing member that biases in the vertical direction is disposed between an upper surface of the outer ring and the upper bearing receiving portion. In the lower bearing, an inner ring of the lower bearing is fixed to the shaft, and an outer ring of the lower bearing is fixed to the lower bearing holding portion.
A motor according to another aspect of the present invention includes: a rotor having a shaft centered on a central axis extending in a vertical direction; a stator disposed to be opposed to the rotor in a radial direction; a bearing that supports a shaft; a bearing holder that holds a bearing; and a housing that is open at the upper side and that houses the rotor, the stator, and the bearing holder. The housing has: a control device housing area capable of housing at least a part of a control device electrically connected to the stator at a position above the bearing holder; and a table surface extending in a circumferential direction on an inner surface of the housing facing the opening of the housing. The inner diameter of the housing in the control device housing area is larger than the inner diameter of the housing at the position where the bearing holder is mounted. The bearing holder is in contact with the table surface, and has a recessed portion and a pressing portion located radially outside the recessed portion and pressing the inner peripheral surface of the housing at an outer edge portion of an upper surface of the bearing holder.
Effects of the invention
According to one aspect and another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a motor comprising: the control device can be housed in the housing without impairing the ease of manufacture, and reduction in the number of components and size can be achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a motor of the present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a wire supporting member and a stator in the motor of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a bearing holder and a stator unit in the motor of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view illustrating a bus bar unit and a stator unit in the motor of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a main part sectional view showing a modification of the embodiment shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the following description, the direction in which the central axis J extends is referred to as the vertical direction. However, the vertical direction in the present specification is a name used for explanation only, and does not limit the actual positional relationship or direction. When not otherwise specified, a direction parallel to the central axis J is simply referred to as an "axial direction", a radial direction about the central axis J is simply referred to as a "radial direction", and a circumferential direction (a direction around the central axis J) about the central axis J is simply referred to as a "circumferential direction".
In the present specification, the term "extend in the axial direction" includes a case where the axial direction extends in a direction inclined by less than 45 ° with respect to the axial direction, in addition to a case where the axial direction extends strictly. In addition, in the present specification, "extend in the radial direction" includes, in addition to a case of extending strictly in the radial direction, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, a case of extending in a direction inclined in a range of less than 45 ° with respect to the radial direction.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a motor 10 of the present embodiment. Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the wire support member and the stator. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the bearing holder and the stator unit. Fig. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the bus bar unit and the stator unit.
The motor 10 is used to transmit a predetermined torque to an external drive mechanism. The motor 10 includes a housing 20, a rotor 30, a stator 40, a wire support member 70, a bearing holder 55, an upper bearing 51, a lower bearing 52, and a bus bar unit 60. In the motor 10, the bus bar unit 60, the bearing holder 55, the wire support member 70, and the stator 40 are arranged in this order from the upper side toward the lower side. The motor 10 has a control device housing area 20A capable of housing at least a part of the control device 100 on the upper side of the bus bar unit 60.
The housing 20 includes a tube portion 21 (housing tube portion) extending in the vertical direction, a bottom wall portion 23 (housing bottom wall portion) located at the lower end of the tube portion 21, and an opening portion 20a opening at the upper side. A stator 40 and a bearing holder 55 are fixed to the inner surface of the housing 20 in this order from the lower side.
The cylindrical portion 21 is cylindrical with the center axis J as the center. The tube portion 21 has an inner peripheral surface 20b that holds the stator 40, an inner peripheral surface 20c that holds the bearing holder 55, and an inner peripheral surface 20d that houses a control device housing area 20A that is a part of the control device 100. The inner peripheral surface 20d has a larger inner diameter than the inner peripheral surface 20 c. The inner peripheral surface 20c has a larger inner diameter than the inner peripheral surface 20 b. That is, the housing 20 has an inner surface shape whose inner diameter decreases from the opening 20a toward the back side (the bottom wall portion 23 side).
The housing 20 has an inclined surface 20e connecting an inner peripheral surface 20c and an inner peripheral surface 20d having different inner diameters. The inner diameter of the surface shape of the inclined surface 20e becomes smaller toward the lower side in the axial direction. That is, the cross-sectional shape of the inclined surface 20e is preferably a linear or curved shape. Thus, an assembly worker or the like (an assembly worker or an assembly device) can smoothly dispose the bearing holder 55 inserted downward from the opening 20a at the mounting position (the inner peripheral surface 20 c).
In addition, the housing 20 does not necessarily have to have the inclined surface 20 e. For example, the housing 20 may be configured to connect the inner peripheral surface 20c and the inner peripheral surface 20d via a stepped portion.
The housing 20 has a table surface 20f (housing table surface) extending in the circumferential direction so as to face the opening 20a between the inner peripheral surface 20b and the inner peripheral surface 20 c. The table surface 20f is a receiving surface that is in contact with the bearing holder 55 and supports the bearing holder in the axial direction. With this structure, the housing 20 can easily position the bearing holder 55 in the axial direction and can easily achieve perpendicularity with respect to the axial direction, and therefore the bearing holder 55 can be held with high accuracy.
The shape of the cylindrical portion 21 is not limited to a cylindrical shape. The outer shape of the cylinder portion 21 may be, for example, a box shape as long as the cylinder portion 21 has a shape capable of holding the stator 40 and the bearing holder 55 on the inner circumferential surface. The outer shape of the cylindrical portion 21 may be a combination of a cylindrical shape and a box shape. In the cylindrical portion 21, the stator 40 or the bearing holder 55 may be held by a part of the inner surface in the circumferential direction.
The bottom wall portion 23 is disposed below the stator 40, and includes a lower bearing holding portion 23a that holds the lower bearing 52 and an output shaft hole 22 that penetrates the bottom wall portion 23 in the axial direction.
The rotor 30 has a shaft 31. The shaft 31 is centered on a central axis J extending in the up-down direction. The rotor 30 rotates about the center axis J together with the shaft 31. The lower end of the shaft 31 protrudes to the lower side of the housing 20 through the output shaft hole 22. A power transmission means (not shown) such as a gear for transmitting power is provided at the lower end of the shaft 31. The torque of the motor 10 is transmitted to the external drive mechanism via the power transmission unit.
The upper bearing 51 and the lower bearing 52 support the shaft 31 to be rotatable about the center axis. Since the size of the bearing of the lower bearing 52 is larger than that of the upper bearing 51, the allowable load performance of the lower bearing 52 is excellent. The lower bearing 52 is held by the lower bearing holding portion 23a on the lower side of the stator 40.
The lower bearing holding portion 23a is composed of a tube portion 23b (lower bearing tube portion) fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the lower bearing 52 and a receiving portion 23c (1 st lower bearing receiving portion) extending radially inward from the lower side of the tube portion 23 b. The inner race 52a of the lower bearing 52 is fixed to the shaft 31 by press fitting. The outer ring 52b of the lower bearing 52 is fixed to the cylindrical portion 23b by press fitting, with the lower surface of the outer ring 52b being in contact with the receiving portion 23 c. Then, a part of the upper end of the cylindrical portion 23b is swaged radially inward, and the outer ring 52b is firmly fixed by sandwiching the outer ring 52b with the receiving portion 23 c. The upper bearing 51 is held by a bearing holder 55 on the upper side of the stator 40. Details of the bearing holder 55 will be described later.
The stator 40 is located radially outward of the rotor 30. The stator 40 includes a stator core 41, an insulator 42, and a coil 43. The insulator 42 is mounted on the teeth 41a of the stator core 41. The coil 43 is made of a conductive wire wound around the insulator 42 and is disposed on each tooth 41 a. The outer peripheral surface of the stator 40 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface 20b of the housing 20.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the wire support member 70 includes a1 st conductive member 71, a2 nd conductive member 72, a body portion 73, and a plurality of (six in the drawing) wire holding portions 75. The wire support member 70 is disposed on the stator 40. The stator unit is constituted by the wire support member 70 and the stator 40. The 1 st conductive members 71, 72 are connected to a so-called neutral point of the coil. In the following description, the 1 st conductive member 71 and the 2 nd conductive member 72 are referred to as a1 st neutral point bus bar 71 and a2 nd neutral point bus bar 72.
The body 73 is annular and disposed above the stator 40. The body 73 has a plurality of legs 73a extending axially downward. The leg portion 73a is fitted into the fitting groove 42a of the insulator 42, so that the wire supporting member 70 is supported on the stator 40. The main body 73 is made of an insulating material such as resin.
The wire holding portion 75 is disposed on the inner peripheral edge of the main body portion 73. The wire holding portion 75 includes a support wall portion 75a protruding upward from the body portion 73 and a recess portion 75b opening radially inward of the support wall portion 75 a. Two of the six wire holding portions 75 are arranged at three positions at intervals of 120 ° in the circumferential direction. The lead wire holding portion 75 may be disposed on the outer peripheral edge of the main body 73. The arrangement and number of the lead wire holding portions 75 can be changed as appropriate in consideration of the number of coil lead wires and the lead position of the coil lead wires, which will be described later.
The body 73 has cutouts 73b and 73c in a fan shape in a plan view. The cutouts 73b and 73c are disposed at two positions on the outer periphery of the body 73. The 1 st neutral point bus bar 71 has three U-shaped connection terminals 71a and one through hole 71b, and the 2 nd neutral point bus bar 72 has three U-shaped connection terminals 72a and one through hole 72 b. The 1 st neutral point bus bar 71 and the 2 nd neutral point bus bar 72 are disposed on the outer peripheral side of the main body 73 with respect to the wire holding portion 75. When viewed from the axial direction, the 1 st neutral point bus bar 71 and the 2 nd neutral point bus bar 72 are exposed from the cutout portions 73b, 73 c. The body 73 has projections 73d and 73e projecting in the axial direction. The projections 73d and 73e are disposed on the outer peripheral side of the body 73. The circumferential positions of the projections 73d, 73e are the same as those of the notches 73b, 73 c. The protrusions 73d and 73e are fitted into the through holes 71b and 72b of the 1 st neutral point bus bar 71 and the 2 nd neutral point bus bar 72, and then heated to be melted and solidified. Thereby, the 1 st neutral point bus bar 71 and the 2 nd neutral point bus bar 72 are fixed to the main body portion 73. Further, the 1 st neutral point bus bar 71 and the 2 nd neutral point bus bar 72 may be provided on the inner peripheral portion of the main body portion 73 together with the notch portions 73b and 73 c.
The stator 40 includes twelve coil lead wires 91A to 91C, 92A to 92C, and 92A to 92C extending from the plurality of coils 43. The coil lead wires 91A to 91C and 92A to 92C are wound around the upper side of the stator 40, bent upward in the axial direction from the recessed portion 75b of the lead wire holding portion 75 as a starting point, and held by the lead wire holding portion 75. The width of the radially inner opening of the recess 75b in the circumferential direction is smaller than the wire diameter of the coil 43. The inner diameter of the radially outer portion of the recess 75b is substantially the same as the wire diameter of the coil 43. Thus, when the coil lead wires 91A to 91C and 92A to 92C are pushed in from the opening of the recess 75b to the back side, the opening is expanded by elastic deformation, the coil lead wires 91A to 91C and 92A to 92C are accommodated in the recess 75b, and then the opening is restored. Thus, the coil 43 is held by the wire holding portion 75. The coil lead wires 91A to 91C, 92A to 92C held by the lead holding portion 75 protrude upward in the axial direction from the recess 75 b. Further, since the coil 43 has a certain rigidity, the coil lead wires 91A to 91C, 92A to 92C protruding from the lead wire holding portion 75 do not fall down or greatly shift. The coil lead wires 91a to 91c are connected to connection terminals of the 1 st neutral point bus bar 71. The coil lead wires 92a to 92c are connected to the connection terminals of the 2 nd neutral point bus bar 72.
The coil lead wires 91A to 91C are wires for feeding power to the respective phases (U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase), and the coil lead wires 91A to 91C are wires for neutral point connection corresponding to the coil lead wires 91A to 91C. The coil lead wires 92A to 92C are wirings for supplying power to the respective phases. The coil lead wires 92A to 92C are wirings for neutral point connection corresponding to the coil lead wires 92A to 92C.
An insulating tube 98 as an insulating member is attached to a coil lead wire led out from the coil 43. The insulating tube 98 ensures insulation between the coil lead wires 91A to 91C, 92A to 92C, and 92A to 92C extending along the lower surface of the lead wire support member 70 and between the coil 43. The coil lead wire is not limited to the insulating tube 98 as long as it can be insulated.
The bearing holder 55 is substantially disc-shaped and is disposed above the stator 40. The bearing holder 55 holds the upper bearing 51. The bearing holder 55 is held by the inner peripheral surface 20c of the housing 20 by interference fit. In the present embodiment, the bearing holder 55 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface 20c by shrink fit. The bearing holder 55 may be fixed to the inner peripheral surface 20c of the housing 20 by press fitting. In addition, the shrink fit is a fitting method included in the interference fit.
Thus, the bearing holder 55 can be fixed to the housing 20 without adding a fixing member or a fixing portion. For example, the fixing member includes a C-ring and a screw. When the bearing holder 55 is fixed to the housing 20 by using the C-ring, a groove for holding the C-ring needs to be provided as a fixing portion on the inner circumferential surface 20C of the housing 20. Similarly, when screws are used, it is necessary to provide screw holes as fixing portions in the housing 20 and the bearing holder 55, respectively. However, in the structure of the present embodiment, since the fixing portion is not required to be provided, the thickness of the housing 20 can be reduced. As a result, the outer diameter of the housing 20 can be reduced while ensuring the inner diameter necessary for holding the stator 40, the bearing holder 55, and the like. This can reduce the number of components as a whole, and can reduce the size of the motor 10.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the bearing holder 55 includes: an inner tube 55a (upper bearing holding part) that holds the upper bearing 51; an outer tube 55b fitted to the inner circumferential surface 20b of the housing 20; and a coupling portion 55c that couples the inner tube portion 55a and the outer tube portion 55 b.
The inner tube portion 55a includes a tube portion 55a1 (upper bearing tube portion) fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the upper bearing 51, and a receiving portion 55a2 (upper bearing receiving portion) extending radially inward from the upper end of the tube portion 55a 1. The inner race 51a of the upper bearing 51 is fixed to the shaft 31 by press fitting so that the lower surface of the inner race 51a contacts the stepped surface of the shaft 31. The outer ring 51b of the upper bearing 51 is fitted in the cylindrical portion 55a1 so as to be movable in the vertical direction. A wave washer 80 (urging member) is interposed between the upper surface of the outer ring 51b and the receiving portion 55a2, and is urged in the vertical direction.
The wave washer 80 presses the bearing holder 55 upward (in a direction in which the bearing holder 55 is separated from the bottom wall portion 23), and presses the outer ring 51b downward. When the outer ring 51b is pressed downward, the balls 51c press the inner ring 51a downward. When the inner ring 51a is pressed downward, the inner ring 52a of the lower bearing 52 is pressed downward via the shaft 31. When the inner ring 52a is pressed downward, the balls 52c press the outer ring 52b downward.
In this way, the lower biasing force of the wave washer 80 acts on the upper bearing 51 and the lower bearing 52, respectively, so that the bearings 51 and 52 stably support the rotor while maintaining a state in which a constant biasing force is applied between the outer ring and the balls. The state in which the biasing force is applied to the two bearings 51 and 52 as described above is referred to as a state in which the preload is applied.
The coupling portion 55c includes an intermediate tube portion 55d, an inner coupling portion 55e, and an outer coupling portion 55 f. The intermediate cylindrical portion 55d is cylindrical and is positioned between the inner cylindrical portion 55a and the outer cylindrical portion 55 b. The inner coupling portion 55e is annular in plan view, and couples the lower end of the intermediate tube portion 55d to the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube portion 55 a. The outer connecting portion 55f is annular in plan view, and connects the upper end of the intermediate tube portion 55d and the upper end of the outer tube portion 55 b.
In fig. 1, the radially inner end of the coupling portion 55c is bent axially downward, extends radially inward, and is connected to the inner tube portion 55 a. A gap is formed between the inner tubular portion 55a and the coupling portion 55 c. Therefore, the inner tube 55a and the coupling portion 55c can be elastically deformed in the radial direction. Therefore, even when the bearing holder 55 and the housing 20 expand and contract due to a temperature change at the time of assembling the motor or at the time of using the motor, and an excessive pressing force acts on the upper bearing 51 or the fitting portion between the bearing holder 55 and the housing 20, the pressing force is absorbed by elastic deformation of the inner tube portion 55a and the coupling portion 55 c. Therefore, the upper bearing 51 supports the shaft 31 so as to be able to rotate smoothly while suppressing a decrease or an increase in fixing strength (fastening strength) between the bearing holder 55 and the housing 20.
The bearing holder 55 has a plurality of through holes 56a to 56c, 57a to 57c that penetrate the bearing holder 55 in the axial direction. The plurality of through holes 56a to 56c and 57a to 57c are provided in the outer coupling portion 55 f.
The coil lead wires 91A, 91B, and 91C extend through the corresponding through holes 56a, 56B, and 56C to the upper side of the bearing holder 55. The coil lead wires 92A, 92B, and 92C extend through the corresponding through holes 57a, 57B, and 57C to the upper side of the bearing holder 55. The inner diameter of the openings of the through holes 56a and 56c is larger than the outer diameter of the wire holding portion 75. Thus, the connection portions between the coil lead wires 91a, 91b, and 92c for neutral point connection and the connection terminals 71a and 72a can be insulated from the bearing holder 55. The through holes 56d and 56e disposed in the bearing holder 55 are also similar in configuration to the through holes 56a and 56c, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.
The bearing holder 55 has three recesses 58 on the upper surface of the outer edge portion of the bearing holder 55. The recess 58 is provided on the upper surface of the bearing holder 55 by press working (for example, caulking working) with a pin or the like. When the bearing holder 55 is pressed, the pressed portion of the upper surface of the bearing holder 55 is plastically deformed to form the concave portion 58 and also form the pressing portion 59 protruding radially outward from the outer surface of the bearing holder 55. When the bearing holder 55 is disposed in the housing 20, the pressing portion 59 partially presses the inner peripheral surface 20c of the housing 20. Thereby, the bearing holder 55 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface 20c of the housing 20 by shrink fit and caulking.
By disposing the pressing portion 59 in the portion of the bearing holder 55 that is interference-fitted to the housing 20, the pressing force between the housing 20 and the bearing holder 55 is locally increased, and the fastening strength of the two members can be further increased.
At least one recess 58 of the recesses 58 is disposed in the vicinity of the through holes 56a to 56 c. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the recess 58 is disposed in the vicinity of the through hole 56a and the vicinity of the through hole 56 b. The distance between the through holes 56a and 56b and the adjacent recess 58 is within 15 ° in the direction around the center axis. Since the concave portion 58 is formed by plastic deformation, the strength of the member at the formation position is improved. The strength of the bearing holder 55 is likely to decrease in the vicinity of the through holes 56a to 56c, but the strength is likely to be secured by disposing the recesses 58 in the vicinity of the through holes 56a to 56 c.
The linear expansion coefficient of the material constituting the bearing holder 55 is equal to the linear expansion coefficient of the material constituting the housing 20. With this configuration, the amount of expansion and the amount of contraction of the housing 20 and the bearing holder 55 are the same with respect to a temperature change after the bearing holder 55 is assembled to the housing 20, and therefore the bearing holder 55 is not easily mounted loosely. In the case of the present embodiment, the bearing holder 55 and the housing 20 are both made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
The bus bar unit 60 includes bus bars 61a to 61c and 62a to 62c for phases and a bus bar holder 65 that holds the bus bars 61a to 61c and 62a to 62c for phases. The bus bar holder 65 has three through holes 65A, 65B, 65C that penetrate the bus bar holder 65 in the axial direction.
The bus bar holder 65 is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing holder 55. The coil lead wires 91A to 91C and 92A to 92C extending upward from the through holes 56a to 56C and 57a to 57C of the bearing holder 55 extend upward of the bus bar holder 65 through the through holes 65A to 65C of the bus bar holder 65. The coil lead wires 91A to 91C and 92A to 92C are connected to the phase bus bars 61A to 61C and 62A to 62C, respectively, on the upper surface of the bus bar holder 65.
The phase bus bars 61a to 61c and 62a to 62c function as connection terminals connected to the control device 100. The bus bar unit 60 is fixed to the upper surface of the bearing holder 55 fixed to the housing 20 with high accuracy, and therefore the phase bus bars 61a to 61c, 62a to 62c are positioned with high accuracy in the axial direction within the control device housing area 20A. With this configuration, the connectivity between the motor 10 and the control device 100 is improved.
The stator 40 is held by the inner peripheral surface 20b of the housing 20 by shrink fit. Since the housing 20 has a structure in which only the upper side is open, the stator 40 is inserted from the opening 20a of the housing 20 to the lower side and is disposed at the position of the inner peripheral surface 20 b.
Here, the inner peripheral surface 20d of the control device housing area 20A and the inner peripheral surface 20c of the retaining bearing holder 55 have larger inner diameters than the inner peripheral surface 20 b. Therefore, when assembling, the stator 40 can be inserted without contacting the inner circumferential surfaces 20c and 20d by moving the stator 40 in the axial direction so that the stator 40 is coaxial with the housing 20. Even if the coaxial offset is made, the contact can be avoided as long as the offset amount is within the inner diameter difference between the inner peripheral surfaces 20b and 20 c. Further, since the housing 20 is heated when shrink-fitting the stator 40, the housing 20 expands and the inner diameter of the inner peripheral surface 20b slightly increases. As a result, the outer peripheral surface of the stator 40 is less likely to contact the inner peripheral surface 20b when the stator 40 is inserted. After the insertion of the stator 40 is completed, the temperature of the housing 20 decreases, and the housing 20 contracts, so that the fitting force of the stator 40 and the inner peripheral surface 20b increases. Thus, the stator 40 can be held on the inner circumferential surface 20b without damaging the inner circumferential surfaces 20d and 20 c.
Further, the bearing holder 55 is held by the inner peripheral surface 20c of the housing 20 by shrink fit. Since the housing 20 has a structure in which only the upper side is open, the bearing holder 55 is inserted from the opening 20a of the housing 20 to the lower side and is disposed at the position of the inner peripheral surface 20 c.
Here, in the housing 20, the inner peripheral surface 20d of the control device housing area 20A has an inner diameter larger than that of the inner peripheral surface 20c at the position where the bearing holder 55 is fixed. Therefore, at the time of assembly, the bearing holder 55 can be inserted without contacting the inner peripheral surface 20d by moving the bearing holder 55 in the axial direction so that the bearing holder 55 is coaxial with the housing 20. That is, the bearing holder 55 can be fitted without damaging the inner peripheral surface 20d at the position where the control device 100 is housed. Even if the coaxial offset is made, the contact can be avoided as long as the offset amount is within the inner diameter difference between the inner peripheral surfaces 20c and 20 d.
Further, when the bearing holder 55 is shrink-fitted, the outer shell 20 is heated, and therefore the outer shell 20 expands, and the inner diameter of the inner peripheral surface 20c slightly increases. As a result, when the bearing holder 55 is inserted, the outer peripheral surface of the bearing holder 55 is less likely to contact the inner peripheral surface 20 c. After the insertion of the bearing holder 55 is completed, the temperature of the housing 20 decreases, and the housing 20 contracts, so that the fitting force of the bearing holder 55 and the inner circumferential surface 20c increases. Thus, the bearing holder 55 can be held on the inner peripheral surface 20c without damaging the inner peripheral surface 20 d.
Thus, when the control device 100 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface 20d of the housing 20 by fitting, the control device 100 can be fixed with high accuracy because the inner peripheral surface 20d is not damaged. Further, if the inner peripheral surface 20d is damaged, abrasion debris or the like of the damaged portion may adhere to the inside of the control device or the motor to cause a failure, and therefore, the present configuration is also convenient in the case where the control device 100 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface 20d by another method than the fitting method. Further, since the control device 100 that houses the housing 20 is provided, the number of components can be reduced and the size can be reduced as compared with a case where a housing member that houses the control device is separately provided as in the related art.
When the bearing holder 55 and the stator 40 are inserted into the housing 20, if a coaxial offset occurs in the inclined surface 20e, the offset amount is adjusted to be coaxial by contacting the inclined surface 20e if the offset amount is within the inner diameter difference between the inner peripheral surface 20d and the inner peripheral surface 20 c. This makes dimensional control of the coaxiality loose during the assembly work, and therefore, the assembly work can be easily performed by an assembly worker or the like.
In the motor 10, when the bearing holder 55 is fixed by caulking, the bearing holder 55 is strongly pressed downward. At this time, even if the axial position of the bearing holder 55 is displaced from the mounting position, it can be reliably press-fitted to the predetermined mounting position.
The bearing holder 55 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface 20c of the housing 20 on the outer peripheral surface of the outer tube portion 55 b. In this configuration, since the height of the outer tube portion 55b is greater than the thickness of the coupling portion 55c of the bearing holder 55, the contact area (or fastening length) between the bearing holder 55 and the housing 20 can be increased, and the fastening strength of the bearing holder 55 can be increased. With this configuration, when the bearing holder 55 is formed by press working a metal plate, the outer tube portion 55b can be formed by bending, which is convenient. In the present embodiment, the outer tube 55b is formed in a cylindrical shape extending downward from the outer peripheral end of the coupling portion 55c, but a structure in which the coupling portion 55c is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube 55b may be employed. Alternatively, the outer tube 55b may be cylindrical and extend upward from the outer peripheral end of the coupling portion 55 c.
In the motor 10, the two bearings 51 and 52 support a load applied to the rotating body. In the motor 10, since the torque is transmitted to the external drive mechanism through the lower side of the shaft 31, the magnitude of the load applied to the rotating body is larger in the lower bearing 52 than in the upper bearing 51. In order to cope with the method of applying the load to the bearings 51 and 52, the inner ring 52a and the outer ring 52b of the lower bearing 52 are fixed to the shaft 31 and the housing 20, respectively. The inner ring 51a of the upper bearing 51 is fixed to the shaft 31, and the outer ring 51b is movably held by the bearing holder 55 via the wave washer 80. That is, the wave washer 80 for applying a preload is provided on the upper bearing 51 side, the inner and outer races 52a and 52b of the lower bearing 52 are fixed to the shaft 31 and the bottom wall portion 23, respectively, and a load is applied to the lower bearing 52.
When the load received by the lower bearing 52 is large, the load received by the upper bearing 51 is small, and therefore the load acting on the bearing holder 55 via the upper bearing 51 is also small. This can reduce the fastening strength between the bearing holder 55 and the housing 20, which is required to fix the bearing holder 55 to the housing 20. If the fastening strength can be reduced, the contact area (or fastening length) between the bearing holder 55 and the housing 20 can be reduced, and the vertical dimension of the motor 10 can be prevented from being enlarged. Further, since the fastening strength between the bearing holder 55 and the housing 20 can be reduced, deformation to the housing 20 can be suppressed. If the deformation of the housing 20 can be suppressed, the control device 100 can be accurately housed in the housing 20.
Since the sizes of the desired allowable loads of the bearings 51 and 52 are different from each other, the bearing sizes corresponding to the sizes of the desired allowable loads are used. Therefore, the optimum bearing is selected for the bearings 51 and 52.
Next, a method of assembling the motor 10 will be explained. First, the housing 20 is disposed on a predetermined pedestal such that the bottom wall portion 23 is positioned on the lower side and the opening portion 20a is positioned on the upper side. Then, the lower bearing 52 is inserted and press-fitted into the lower bearing holding portion 23a through the opening 20a, and the upper end of the cylindrical portion 23b is caulked in the inner diameter direction. Subsequently, the outer case 20 is heated to expand the tube 21. This enlarges the inner diameter of the tube portion 23 b. In this state, the stator unit is inserted downward through the opening 20a and fitted into the inner circumferential surface 20 b. When the temperature of the outer case 20 is lowered, the cylindrical portion 21 is shrunk, and the fastening strength thereof is improved, whereby shrink fitting is completed.
On the other hand, a rotor unit including the rotor 30, the upper bearing 51, the bearing holder 55, and the wave washer 80 is separately assembled. At this time, the bearing holder 55 and the upper bearing 51 are merely fitted so as to be movable in the vertical direction, and thus are easily disassembled. However, the rotor unit is temporarily placed on a predetermined base so that the receiving portion 55a2 of the bearing holder 55 is positioned above the upper bearing 51 and the shaft 31 is vertically oriented. The cylindrical portion 55a1 and the receiving portion 55a2 are caught by the outer ring 51b via the wave washer 80 due to the self weight of the bearing holder 55, and therefore the rotor unit can be temporarily placed without being disassembled.
Next, the cylindrical portion 21 of the housing 20 is heated again around the upper side of the cylindrical portion 21, and the cylindrical portion 21 is expanded. This enlarges the inner diameter of the upper side of the tube portion 23 b. In this state, the lower surface of the outer ring 51b of the upper bearing 51 of the rotor unit or the upper side of the shaft 31 is gripped by a predetermined gripping member, and the rotor unit is inserted downward through the opening 20a of the housing 20. At this time, when the lower end of the shaft 31 reaches the lower bearing 52, the shaft 31 is pressed downward and the shaft 31 is pressed into the inner race 52a of the lower bearing 52. At the same time, the bearing holder 55 is in contact with the table surface 20f and fitted to the inner peripheral surface 20 c. When the temperature of the outer shell 20 is lowered, the cylindrical portion 21 is shrunk, the fastening strength thereof becomes high, and the shrink fitting is completed. Thereafter, the upper surface of the outer edge portion of the bearing holder 55 is caulked with a pin or the like to form the recess 58. By forming the concave portion 58, the pressing portion 59 presses the inner peripheral surface 20c radially outward, and therefore the fastening strength of the two members is further improved.
When the rotor unit is inserted into the housing 20, the two members are positioned in the circumferential direction so as to be coaxial and so that the coil lead wires 91A to 91C, 92A to 92C, and 92A to 92C are aligned with the through holes 56a to 56d, and 57a to 57d, respectively.
Next, the bus bar unit 60 is disposed on the upper surface of the bearing holder 20 through the opening 20a of the housing 20. At this time, the through holes 65A to 65C of the bus bar unit 60 are positioned in the circumferential direction so as to be aligned with the coil lead wires 91A to 91C, and 92A to 92C. Thereafter, when the coil lead wires 91A to 91C, 92A to 92C and the phase bus bars 61A to 61C, 62A to 62C are welded to each other, the bus bar unit 60 is fixed.
In the above-described series of assembling methods, the lower bearing 52, the stator unit, the rotor unit, and the bus bar unit 60 can all be inserted into the housing 20 from the same direction and assembled while maintaining the arrangement state of the housing 20, and therefore, the assembling workability is good.
Such an assembly method can be realized by adopting the following configuration. Since the receiving portion 23c of the lower bearing holding portion 23a is positioned below the tube portion 23b, the lower bearing 52 can be inserted into the lower bearing holding portion 23a through the opening portion 20 a. Since the inner diameters of the inner peripheral surfaces 20b, 20c, and 20d of the cylindrical portion 21 of the housing 20 gradually decrease as the distance from the opening portion 20a increases, even in a structure in which the bottom wall portion 23 of the housing 20 is integrated with the cylindrical portion 21, the stator unit and the rotor unit can be inserted into a predetermined portion through the opening portion 20 a. Since the rotor unit is configured such that the receiving portion 55a2 of the bearing holder 55 is positioned above the upper bearing 51 and the inner race 51a is fixed to the shaft 31, even if the outer race 51b is held by the bearing holder 55 so as to be movable in the vertical direction, it can be inserted into the housing 20 through the opening 20a without being disassembled.
Next, a modification of the lower bearing holding portion 23a of the present embodiment will be described. In the modification, as shown in fig. 5, the receiving portion 23c1 (the 2 nd lower bearing receiving portion) is provided on the upper side of the tube portion 23b, compared to the case where the receiving portion 23c of the lower bearing holding portion 23a is provided on the lower side of the tube portion 23b in the present embodiment. The lower end of the cylindrical portion 23b is caulked in the inner diameter direction. The outer ring 52b is press-fitted into the cylindrical portion 23b, and is sandwiched between the caulked portion and the receiving portion 23c1 by the caulking process, thereby being fixed more firmly.
In the assembly method of this structure, since the lower bearing 52 is inserted into the bearing holding portion 23a from the lower surface of the bottom wall portion 23 of the housing 20, it is difficult to assemble the structure shown in fig. 1 and the like by inserting the respective members from the same direction while maintaining the arrangement state of the housing 20. However, in the structure in which the lower bearing 52 is inserted from the lower surface of the bottom wall portion 23, since it is not necessary to pay attention so that the lower bearing 52 does not contact the inner circumferential surface of the tube portion 21, workability is good in a point where the insertion work of the lower bearing 52 can be performed. Therefore, the structure of this modification is suitable for the following cases: since the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 21 is small or the vertical dimension of the cylindrical portion 21 is large, it is difficult to insert the lower bearing 52 through the opening 20 a. In the assembly method of this configuration, the bottom wall portion 23 is disposed so as to be on the upper side, the lower bearing 52 is fixed, the housing 20 is then turned upside down, and the assembly method is performed in the same manner as described above.
In the configuration shown in fig. 1 and the like, the inner diameters of the inner peripheral surfaces 20c and 20d of the cylindrical portion 21 of the housing 20 are different from each other, but the inner diameters may be the same.
The respective structures of the above embodiments can be appropriately combined within a range not contradictory to each other.
Description of the reference symbols
10: a motor; 20: a housing; 20 a: an opening part; 20A: a control device housing area; 20b, 20c, 20 d: an inner peripheral surface; 20 e: an inclined surface; 20 f: a table top; 21: a barrel portion; 30: a rotor; 31: a shaft; 40: a stator; 55: a bearing retainer; 55 a: an inner tube section; 55 b: an outer tubular portion; 55 c: a connecting portion; 55 d: an intermediate cylinder part; 55 e: an inner connecting portion; 55 f: an outer connecting portion; 56a, 56b, 57a, 65A: a through hole; 58. 75 b: a recess; 59: a pressing part; 60: a bus bar unit; 65: a bus bar holder; 100: a control device; 51: an upper side bearing (bearing); j: a central axis.

Claims (21)

1. A motor for transmitting a predetermined torque to an external drive mechanism, comprising:
a rotor having a shaft centered on a central axis extending in a vertical direction;
a stator disposed to be opposed to the rotor in a radial direction;
an upper bearing supporting an upper side of the shaft;
a lower bearing supporting a lower side of the shaft;
a bearing holder that holds the upper bearing; and
a housing that is open at an upper side and that houses the rotor, the stator, and the bearing holder,
a lower end of the shaft projects outward from the housing and transmits a predetermined torque to the external drive mechanism,
the housing has:
a housing tube section that houses the rotor, the stator, and the bearing holder;
a housing bottom portion that closes off an opening on the lower side of the housing tube portion; and
a housing table extending in a circumferential direction on an inner circumferential surface of the housing tube portion so as to face an opening side of the housing,
the housing tube portion has a control device housing area capable of housing at least a part of a control device electrically connected to the stator at a position above the bearing holder,
the bearing holder is held by an inner peripheral surface of the housing tube portion, is in contact with the housing table, and has an upper bearing holding portion for holding the upper bearing,
the upper bearing holding part includes:
an upper bearing cylinder section fitted to an outer ring of the upper bearing; and
an upper bearing receiving portion extending radially inward on an upper side of the upper bearing tube portion,
the housing bottom portion has a lower bearing holding portion for holding the lower bearing,
in the upper side bearing,
the inner race of the upper bearing is fixed to the shaft,
and an outer ring of the upper bearing is movable in a vertical direction with respect to the upper bearing holding portion, and a biasing member that biases in the vertical direction is disposed between an upper surface of the outer ring and the upper bearing receiving portion,
in the lower side bearing,
the inner race of the lower bearing is fixed to the shaft,
and an outer race of the lower bearing is fixed to the lower bearing holding portion,
the urging member presses the outer ring of the upper bearing downward,
the bearing holder is held by an inner peripheral surface of the housing by interference fit,
the bearing holder has:
an inner tube portion that holds the bearing;
an outer tube section fitted to an inner peripheral surface of the housing; and
a connecting portion that connects the inner tube portion and the outer tube portion;
the coupling portion has:
an intermediate tube section located between the inner tube section and the outer tube section;
an inner connecting portion that connects a lower end of the intermediate tube portion and the inner tube portion; and
and an outer connecting portion that connects an upper end of the intermediate tube portion and the outer tube portion.
2. The motor of claim 1,
the lower bearing holding portion includes:
a lower bearing cylinder section fitted to an outer ring of the lower bearing; and
a1 st lower bearing receiving part extending radially inward on a lower side of the lower bearing tube part,
the outer ring of the lower bearing is in contact with the 1 st lower bearing receiving portion.
3. The motor of claim 1,
the lower bearing holding portion includes:
a lower bearing cylinder section fitted to an outer ring of the lower bearing; and
a2 nd lower bearing receiving portion extending radially inward on an upper side of the lower bearing tube portion,
the outer ring of the lower bearing is in contact with the 2 nd lower bearing receiving portion.
4. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the allowable load of the lower bearing is greater than the allowable load of the upper bearing.
5. The motor of claim 1,
the inner diameter of the housing of the control device receiving area is larger than the inner diameter of the housing at a position where the bearing holder is mounted.
6. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the housing has an inclined surface that connects an inner peripheral surface of the control device housing area and an inner peripheral surface of a position where the bearing holder is attached in an axial direction.
7. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the inner diameter of the housing at a position where the bearing holder is mounted is larger than the inner diameter of the housing at a position where the stator is housed.
8. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the linear expansion coefficient of the material constituting the housing is equal to the linear expansion coefficient of the material constituting the bearing holder.
9. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the bearing holder has a recessed portion and a pressing portion located radially outward of the recessed portion and pressing an inner peripheral surface of the housing, at an outer edge portion of an upper surface of the bearing holder.
10. The motor of claim 9,
the bearing holder has a through hole axially penetrating the bearing holder, and at least one of the recesses is disposed in the vicinity of the through hole.
11. The motor of claim 10,
a bus bar unit is provided on an upper side of the bearing holder,
the bus bar unit has:
a bus bar connected to a wiring extending from the stator through the through hole of the bearing holder; and
a bus bar holder that holds the bus bar.
12. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the control device housing area has a control device housed partially or entirely therein.
13. A motor, comprising:
a rotor having a shaft centered on a central axis extending in a vertical direction;
a stator disposed to be opposed to the rotor in a radial direction;
a bearing that supports the shaft;
a bearing holder that holds the bearing; and
a housing that is open at an upper side and that houses the rotor, the stator, and the bearing holder,
the housing has:
a control device housing area capable of housing at least a part of a control device electrically connected to the stator at a position above the bearing holder; and
a table surface extending in a circumferential direction on an inner surface of the housing facing the opening portion of the housing,
the inner diameter of the housing of the control device receiving area is larger than the inner diameter of the housing at a position where the bearing holder is mounted,
the bearing holder is in contact with the table surface, and has a recessed portion and a pressing portion on an outer edge portion of an upper surface of the bearing holder, the pressing portion being located radially outside the recessed portion and pressing an inner peripheral surface of the housing, the recessed portion being provided by press working,
the bearing holder has a through hole axially penetrating the bearing holder, and at least one of the recesses is disposed in the vicinity of the through hole.
14. The motor of claim 13,
the housing has an inclined surface that connects an inner peripheral surface of the control device housing area and an inner peripheral surface of a position where the bearing holder is attached in an axial direction.
15. The motor according to claim 13 or 14,
a table surface extending in the circumferential direction is provided on the inner surface of the housing so as to face the opening of the housing,
the bearing retainer is in contact with the table top.
16. The motor according to claim 13 or 14,
the inner diameter of the housing at a position where the bearing holder is mounted is larger than the inner diameter of the housing at a position where the stator is housed.
17. The motor according to claim 13 or 14,
the linear expansion coefficient of the material constituting the housing is equal to the linear expansion coefficient of the material constituting the bearing holder.
18. The motor of claim 13,
a bus bar unit is provided on an upper side of the bearing holder,
the bus bar unit has:
a bus bar connected to a wiring extending from the stator through the through hole of the bearing holder; and
a bus bar holder that holds the bus bar.
19. The motor according to claim 13 or 14,
the bearing holder has:
an inner tube portion that holds the bearing;
an outer tube section fitted to an inner peripheral surface of the housing; and
and a connecting portion that connects the inner tube portion and the outer tube portion.
20. The motor of claim 19,
the coupling portion has:
an intermediate tube section located between the inner tube section and the outer tube section;
an inner connecting portion that connects a lower end of the intermediate tube portion and the inner tube portion; and
and an outer connecting portion that connects an upper end of the intermediate tube portion and the outer tube portion.
21. The motor according to claim 13 or 14,
the control device housing area has a control device housed partially or entirely therein.
CN201680059363.XA 2015-11-06 2016-10-06 Motor with a stator having a stator core Active CN108141113B (en)

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