CN108137555B - 可用于治疗cns疾病的二氢吲哚-2-酮衍生物 - Google Patents
可用于治疗cns疾病的二氢吲哚-2-酮衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108137555B CN108137555B CN201680062263.2A CN201680062263A CN108137555B CN 108137555 B CN108137555 B CN 108137555B CN 201680062263 A CN201680062263 A CN 201680062263A CN 108137555 B CN108137555 B CN 108137555B
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- dimethyl
- indolin
- methylpyrimidin
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- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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Abstract
一种通式(I)的二氢吲哚‑2‑酮衍生物,其中A是苯基或选自(II)的含有一个或两个N原子的六元杂芳基,R1是S(O)2低级烷基、S(O)2NR4R5、S(O)2环烷基、S‑低级烷基或S(O)2‑氮杂环丁烷‑1‑基;R4和R5彼此独立地是氢、低级烷基或(CH2)2OCH3;或者基团A‑R1与来自基团A的两个相邻碳原子一起可以形成选自(III)的另外的稠合环,R2是氢或环烷基;R3是甲基或卤素;n是1或2;X是N、N+O‑或CH;虚线可以为不存在或‑CH2‑。所述化合物可以用于治疗CNS疾病。
Description
本发明涉及下面通式的二氢吲哚-2-酮衍生物
其中
A是苯基或含有一个或两个N原子的六元杂芳基,所述六元杂芳基选自
R1是S(O)2低级烷基、S(O)2NR4R5、S(O)2环烷基、S-低级烷基或S(O)2-氮杂环丁烷-1-基;
R4和R5彼此独立地是氢、低级烷基或(CH2)2OCH3;
R2是氢或环烷基;
R3是甲基或卤素;
n是1或2;
X是N、N+O-或CH;
---虚线可以为不存在或–CH2-;
以及涉及其药用盐,外消旋混合物,或涉及其相应对映异构体和/或其旋光异构体和/或立体异构体。
R1基团和R2在A上可以具有不同位置。
现在已发现,式I化合物可以用于治疗CNS疾病。所描述的化合物已显示反转L-687,414((3R,4R)-3-氨基-1-羟基-4-甲基-吡咯烷-2-酮,一种NMDA甘氨酸位点拮抗剂)诱导的过度移动(hyperlocomotion),一种用于精神分裂症的行为药代动学小鼠模型,由D.Alberati等描述于Pharmacology,Biochemistry and Behavior,97(2010),185–191。作者描述了由L-687,414诱导的过度移动被一系列已知的抗精神病药物抑制。式I化合物在此模型中展现显著活性。这些发现预示本发明化合物的抗精神病活性,使得它们可用于治疗精神分裂症(schizophrenia)的阳性症状(精神病)和阴性症状、精神药物滥用(substanceabuse)、酒精和药物成瘾(alcohol and drug addiction)、强迫症(obsessive-compulsivedisorders)、认知损害(cognitive impairment)、双相性精神障碍(bipolar disorders)、心境障碍(mood disorders)、重性抑郁症(major depression)、难治性抑郁症(resistantdepression)、焦虑症(anxiety disorders)、阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease)、自闭症(autism)、帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease)、慢性疼痛(chronic pain)、边缘型人格障碍(borderline personality disorder)、睡眠障碍(sleep disturbances)、慢性疲劳综合征(chronic fatigue syndrome)、僵硬(stiffness)、关节炎中的抗炎作用和平衡问题、癫痫症(epilepsy)和具有共病性癫痫症的神经发育病症(neurodevelopmental disorderswith co-morbid epilepsy)。。
除了上述的反转L-687,414诱导的过度移动实验之外,本发明的一些化合物已在中测试,该是一种自动化系统,其中化合物治疗小鼠响应于多种挑战的行为通过数字视频捕获并且用计算机算法分析(Roberds等,Frontiers inNeuroscience,2011,Vol.5,Art.103,1-4;Vadim Alexandrov,Dani Brunner,TaleenHanania,Emer Leahy Eur.J.Pharmacol.2015,750,82-99)。以这种方式,试验化合物的神经-药理作用可以通过与大类的化合物如抗精神病药、抗焦虑药和抗抑郁药的类似性预测。实施例3、5和19显示与非典型抗精神病药的类似性。结果显示在表3中。
除了以上提及的实验以外,已经证明,某些式I化合物还是ENT1抑制剂(平衡型核苷转运蛋白1)。ENT1抑制剂的治疗潜力被直接或间接(经由腺苷和/或腺苷受体调节的作用)在文献中描述为用于治疗以下疾病:
自体免疫病(US 2006/253263)、癌症(WO9857643)、病毒感染和真菌感染(WO2004060902)、神经变性疾病、帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病、亨廷顿病(Huntington’sdisease)、肌萎缩侧索硬化(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)、精神疾病、精神药物滥用、ADHD、抑郁症、癫痫症、焦虑症、神经分裂症(WO0168105、EP 1252910、EP1612210、WO2009018275)、自闭症谱系障碍(Susan A.Masinoa,Masahito Kawamura Jr.,JessicaL.Cotea,Rebecca B.Williams,David N.Ruskina,Neuropharmacology,2013,68,116–121、疼痛(WO2009062990、WO2009064497)、炎症、哮喘(US 2007213296、Inflammationresearch,2011,60,75-76)、心血管疾病(Trends inPharmacological science,2006,27,416-425)、睡眠障碍(Psychopharmacology,1987,91,434-439)和眼科和炎性视网膜疾病(World Journal of Diabetes,vol.1,12-18)、癫痫症和具有共病性癫痫症的神经发育病症(ENT1 Inhibition Attenuates Epileptic Seizure Severity Via Regulation ofGlutamatergic Neurotransmission,Xu et al Neuromol Med(2015)17:1–11,和Epigenetic changes induced by adenosine augmentation therapy preventepileptogenesis,Williams-Karnesky et al,J Clin Invest.2013Aug;123(8):3552-63。
精神分裂症是一种复杂的精神疾病,典型地出现在青春期晚期或成年期早期,世界范围患病率为约1%的成年人口,其具有巨大的社会和经济冲击。欧洲精神病学家协会(the Association of European Psychiatrists)(ICD)和美国精神病协会(the AmericanPsychiatric Association)(DSM)对于精神分裂症的诊断的标准要求存在两种以上的特征症状:妄想(delusions),幻觉(hallucinations),言语紊乱(disorganized speech),严重紊乱或紧张性行为(grossly disorganized或catatonic behavior)(阳性症状),或阴性症状(失语症(alogia),情感冷淡(affective flattening),缺乏动力(lack ofmotivation),兴趣缺失(anhedonia))。总的来说,患有精神分裂症的人具有这样的功能缺损,其可能在童年开始,在整个成年生活中持续并且使得大多数患者不能维持正常工作或者其他方面具有正常社会功能。相比于一般群体,他们还具有缩短的寿命,并且遭受宽范围的各种各样其他神经精神综合征的升高的患病率,所述神经精神综合征包括精神药物滥用,强迫综合征和异常不随意运动。精神分裂症还与宽范围的以下疾病相关:认知损害,双相性精神障碍,重性抑郁症和焦虑症,其严重度限制患者的功能发挥,即使是在精神病症状被良好控制时。精神分裂症的主要治疗是抗精神病药施药。然而,抗精神病药,例如利培酮(risperidone)和奥氮平(olanzapine)不能显著地减轻所述阴性症状和认知功能障碍。
抗精神病药物对于以下疾病的治疗已显示临床效力:
纤维肌痛(Fibromyalgia),其是一种以与不同躯体症状相关的慢性全身疼痛为特征的综合征,所述躯体症状如睡眠障碍,疲劳,僵硬,平衡问题,对物理和生理环境刺激的超敏性,抑郁和焦虑(CNS Drugs,2012,26,2,135-53)。
分裂情感性障碍(Schizoaffective disorders):包括精神病和情感症状,这种病症落到双相性精神障碍(具有抑郁和躁狂发作,酒精和药物成瘾,精神药物滥用)和精神分裂症之间的范围。J.Clin.Psychiatry,2010,71,S2,14-9,Pediatr.Drugs2011,13,5,291-302
重性抑郁症:BMC Psychiatry 2011,11,86
难治性抑郁:Journal of Psychopharmacology,0(0)1-16
焦虑症:European Neuropsychopharmacology,2011,21,429-449
双相性精神障碍:Encephale,International J.of Neuropsychopharmacology,2011,14,1029-104,International J.of Neuropsychopharmacology,2012,1-12;J.ofNeuropsychopharmacology,2011,0,0,1-15
心境障碍:J.Psychopharmacol.2012,Jan 11,CNS Drugs,2010,2,131-61自闭症:Current opinion in pediatrics,2011,23,621–627;J.Clin.Psychiatry,2011,72,9,1270-1276
阿尔茨海默病:J.Clin.Psychiatry,2012,73,1,121-128
帕金森病:Movement Disorders,2011,26,6
慢性疲劳综合征:European Neuropsychopharmacology,2011,21,282-286
边缘型人格障碍:J.Clin.Psychiatry,2011,72,10,1363-1365
J.Clin.Psychiatry,2011,72,10,1353-1362
关节炎中的抗炎作用:European J.of Pharmacology,2012,678,55-60
本发明的目的是新的式I化合物和式I化合物及其药用盐用于治疗与以下相关的CNS疾病的用途:精神分裂症的阳性症状(精神病)和阴性症状、精神药物滥用、酒精和药物成瘾、强迫症、认知损害、双相性精神障碍、心境障碍、重性抑郁症、难治性抑郁症、焦虑症、阿尔茨海默病、自闭症、帕金森病、慢性疼痛、边缘型人格障碍、神经变性疾病、睡眠障碍、慢性疲劳综合征、僵硬、炎性疾病、哮喘、亨廷顿病、ADHD、肌萎缩侧索硬化、关节炎、自体免疫病、病毒和真菌感染、心血管疾病、眼科和炎性视网膜疾病和平衡问题、癫痫症和具有共病性癫痫症的神经发育病症。
本发明的另外的目的是含有此种新型化合物的药物以及用于制备式I化合物的方法,式I化合物与市售的抗精神病药、抗抑郁药、抗焦虑药或情绪稳定剂的组合,以及用于治疗如上所述的CNS病症的方法。
本发明涵盖式I化合物的相应前药。
用于治疗精神分裂症的一种常见抗精神病药物是奥氮平。奥氮平(Zyprexa)属于称为非典型抗精神病药的药物类。这类的其他成员包括例如氯氮平(Clozaril)、利培酮(Risperdal)、阿立哌唑(Abilify)和齐拉西酮(Geodon)。
奥氮平被批准用于治疗精神障碍(psychotic disorders),长期治疗双相性精神障碍并与氟西汀联合用于治疗与双相性精神障碍相关的抑郁发作和用于治疗难治性抑郁症。
本发明的化合物可以与抗精神病药物联合,所述抗精神病药物如奥氮平(Zyprexa)、氯氮平(Clozaril)、利培酮(Risperdal)、阿立哌唑(Abilify)、氨磺必利(Solian)、阿塞那平(asenapine)(Saphris)、布南色林(Lonasen)、氯噻平(Entumine)、伊洛培酮(Fanapt)、鲁拉西酮(lurasidone)(Latuda)、莫沙帕明(Cremin)、帕潘立酮(Invega)、哌罗匹隆(Lullan)、喹硫平(Seroquel)、瑞莫必利(Roxiam)、施立碟(sertindole)(Serdolect)、舒必利(sulpiride)(Sulpirid、Eglonyl)、齐拉西酮(Geodon、Zeldox)、佐替平(Nipolept)、氟哌啶醇(haloperidol)(Haldol、Serenace)、氟哌利多(Droleptan)、氯丙嗪(Thorazine、Largactil)、氟奋乃静(Prolixin)、奋乃静(perphenazine)(Trilafon)、丙氯拉嗪(Compazine)、硫利达嗪(Mellaril、Melleril)、三氟拉嗪(Stelazine)、三氟丙嗪(Vesprin)、左美丙嗪(Nozinan)、异丙嗪(Phenergan)、匹莫齐特(Orap)和氰美马嗪(Tercian)。
本发明的一个优选实施方案是一种组合,其中所述市售的抗精神病药物是奥氮平(Zyprexa)、氯氮平(Clozaril)、利培酮(Risperdal)、阿立哌唑(Abilify)或齐拉西酮。
此外,本发明的化合物可以与抗抑郁药联合,所述抗抑郁药如选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂[西酞普兰(Celexa)、依他普仑(Lexapro、Cipralex)、帕罗西汀(Paxil、Seroxat)、氟西汀(Prozac)、氟伏沙明(Luvox)、舍曲林(Zoloft、Lustral)]、5-羟色胺去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂[度洛西汀(Cymbalta)、米那普仑(Ixel、Savella)、文拉法辛(Effexor)、去甲文拉法辛(Pristiq)、曲马多(Tramal、Ultram)、西布曲明(Meridia、Reductil)]、5-羟色胺拮抗剂和再摄取抑制剂[依托哌酮(Axiomin、Etonin)、鲁巴唑酮(Lubazodone)(YM-992、YM-35、995)、奈法唑酮(Serzone、Nefadar)、曲唑酮(Desyrel)]、去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂[瑞波西汀(Edronax)、维洛沙秦(Vivalan)、托莫西汀(Strattera)]、去甲肾上腺素-多巴胺再摄取抑制剂[安非他酮(Wellbutrin、Zyban)、右哌甲酯(Dex甲基phenidate)(Focalin)、哌醋甲酯(Ritalin、Concerta)]、去甲肾上腺素-多巴胺释放剂[安非他命(Adderall)、右旋安非他命(Dexedrine)、右旋甲基苯丙胺(Dextromethamphetamine)(Desoxyn)、赖右苯丙胺(Lisdexamfetamine)(Vyvanse)]、三环类抗抑郁药[阿米替林(Elavil、Endep)、氯米帕明(Anafranil)、地昔帕明(Norpramin、Pertofrane)、多苏列平[Dothiepin](Prothiaden)、多塞平(Adapin、Sinequan)、丙米嗪(Tofranil)、洛非帕明(Feprapax、Gamanil、Lomont)、去甲替林(Pamelor)、普罗替林(Vivactil)、曲米帕明(Surmontil)]、四环类抗抑郁药[阿莫沙平(Asendin)、马普替林(Ludiomil)、米安色林(Bolvidon、Norval、Tolvon)、米尔塔扎平(Remeron)]、单胺氧化酶抑制剂[异卡波肼(Marplan)、吗氯贝胺(Aurorix、Manerix)、苯乙肼(Nardil)、司来吉兰[L-地普雷尼尔](Eldepryl、Zelapar、Emsam)、反苯环丙铵(Parnate)、吡吲哚(Pirazidol)]、5-HT1A受体激动剂[丁螺环酮(Buspar)、坦度螺酮(Sediel)、维拉佐酮(Viibryd)]、5-HT2受体拮抗剂[阿戈美拉汀(Valdoxan)、奈法唑酮(Nefadar、Serzone)、选择性5-羟色胺再摄取促进剂[噻奈普汀(Tianeptine)]。
本发明的一个优选实施方案是一种组合,其中所述市售的抗抑郁药是西酞普兰(Celexa)、依他普仑(Lexapro、Cipralex)、帕罗西汀(Paxil、Seroxat)、氟西汀(Prozac)、舍曲林(Zoloft、Lustral)度洛西汀(Cymbalta)、米那普仑(Ixel、Savella)、文拉法辛(Effexor)、或米尔塔扎平(Remeron)。
化合物还可以与抗焦虑药联合,所述抗焦虑药如阿普唑仑(Helex、Xanax、Xanor、Onax、Alprox、Restyl、Tafil、Paxal)、溴他西尼、溴西泮(Lectopam、Lexotanil、Lexotan、Bromam)、溴替唑仑(Lendormin、Dormex、Sintonal、Noctilan)、利眠宁(Librium、Risolid、Elenium)、西诺西泮(Gerodorm)、氯硝西泮(Rivotril、Klonopin、Iktorivil、Paxam)、氯拉卓酸(Tranxene、Tranxilium)、氯噻西泮(Veratran、Clozan、Rize)、氯唑仑(Sepazon、Olcadil)、地洛西泮(Dadumir)、地西泮(Antenex、Apaurin、Apzepam、Apozepam、Hexalid、Pax、Stesolid、Stedon、Valium、Vival、Valaxona)、艾司唑仑(ProSom)、依替唑仑(Etilaam、Pasaden、Depas)、氟硝西泮(Rohypnol、Fluscand、Flunipam、Ronal、Rohydorm)、氟西泮(Dalmadorm、Dalmane)、氟托西泮(Restas)、哈拉西泮(Paxipam)、凯他唑仑(Anxon)、氯普唑仑(Dormonoct)、劳拉西泮(Ativan、Temesta、Tavor、Lorabenz)、氯甲西泮(Loramet、Noctamid、Pronoctan)、美达西泮(Nobrium)、咪达唑仑(Dormicum、Versed、Hypnovel、Dormonid)、尼美西泮(Erimin)、硝西泮(Mogadon、Alodorm、Pacisyn、Dumolid、Nitrazadon)、去甲西泮(Madar、Stilny)、奥沙西泮(Seresta、Serax、Serenid、Serepax、Sobril、Oxabenz、Oxapax)、芬纳西泮(Phenazepam)、匹那西泮(Domar)、普拉西泮(Lysanxia、Centrax)、普瑞西泮、夸西泮(Doral)、替马西泮(Restoril、Normison、Euhypnos、Temaze、Tenox)、四氢西泮(Mylostan)、三唑仑(Halcion、Rilamir)、氯巴占(Frisium、Urbanol)、艾司佐匹克隆(Lunesta)、扎来普隆(Sonata、Starnoc)、唑吡坦(Ambien、Nytamel、Stilnoct、Stilnox、Zoldem、Zolnod)、佐匹克隆(Imovane、Rhovane、Ximovan;Zileze;Zimoclone;Zimovane;Zopitan;Zorclone)、普瑞巴林(Lyrica)和加巴喷丁(Fanatrex、Gabarone、Gralise、Neurontin、Nupentin)。
本发明的一个优选实施方案是一种组合,其中所述市售的抗焦虑药物是阿普唑仑(Helex、Xanax、Xanor、Onax、Alprox、Restyl、Tafil、Paxal)、利眠宁(Librium、Risolid、Elenium)、氯硝西泮(Rivotril、Klonopin、Iktorivil、Paxam)、地西泮(Antenex、Apaurin、Apzepam、Apozepam、Hexalid、Pax、Stesolid、Stedon、Valium、Vival、Valaxona)、艾司唑仑(ProSom)、艾司佐匹克隆(Lunesta)、扎来普隆(Sonata、Starnoc)、唑吡坦(Ambien、Nytamel、Stilnoct、Stilnox、Zoldem、Zolnod)、普瑞巴林(Lyrica)或加巴喷丁(Fanatrex、Gabarone、Gralise、Neurontin、Nupentin)。
本发明的另一个目的是与情绪稳定剂的组合,所述情绪稳定剂如卡马西平(Tegretol)、拉莫三嗪(Lamictal)、锂(Eskalith、Lithane、Lithobid)和丙戊酸(Depakote)。
化合物还可以与促认知化合物(procognitive compound)如多奈哌齐(Aricept),加兰他敏(Razadyne),利斯的明(Exelon)和美金刚(Namenda)联合。
使用本发明化合物的优选适应症是精神疾病如精神分裂症。
如本文使用的,术语"低级烷基"是指含有1至7个碳原子的饱和直链或支链基团,例如,甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、2-丁基、叔丁基等。优选的烷基是具有1-4个碳原子的基团。
如本文使用的,术语"S-低级烷基"是指如上所限定的烷基,其中所述烷基残基经由S原子连接。
术语“环烷基”是指具有3-6个碳环原子的烷基环。
术语"卤素"是指氯、碘、氟和溴。
术语"药用酸加成盐"包括与无机和有机酸的盐,所述无机和有机酸如盐酸、硝酸、硫酸、磷酸、柠檬酸、甲酸、富马酸、马来酸、乙酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸等。
本发明的一个实施方案是式IA的化合物
其中
R1是S(O)2低级烷基、S(O)2NR4R5、S(O)2环烷基、S-低级烷基或S(O)2-氮杂环丁烷-1-基;
R4和R5彼此独立地是氢、低级烷基或(CH2)2OCH3;
R2是氢或环烷基;
R3是甲基或卤素;
n是1或2;
X是N、N+O-或CH;
---虚线可以为不存在或–CH2-;
及其药用盐,外消旋混合物,或其相应对映异构体和/或其旋光异构体和/或立体异构体,例如化合物
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(3-(甲基磺酰基)苯基)二氢吲哚-2-酮。
本发明的一个实施方案是式IB的化合物
其中
R1是S(O)2低级烷基、S(O)2NR4R5、S(O)2环烷基、S-低级烷基或S(O)2-氮杂环丁烷-1-基;
R4和R5彼此独立地是氢、低级烷基或(CH2)2OCH3;
R2是氢或环烷基;
R3是甲基或卤素;
n是1或2;
X是N、N+O-或CH;
---虚线可以为不存在或–CH2-;
及其药用盐,外消旋混合物,或其相应对映异构体和/或其旋光异构体和/或立体异构体,例如化合物
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(6-(甲基磺酰基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基-1-氧代嘧啶-1--5-基)-1-(6-甲基磺酰基吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮,或
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮。
本发明的一个实施方案是式IC的化合物
其中
R1是S(O)2低级烷基、S(O)2NR4R5、S(O)2环烷基、S-低级烷基或S(O)2-氮杂环丁烷-1-基;
R4和R5彼此独立地是氢、低级烷基或(CH2)2OCH3;
R2是氢或环烷基;
R3是甲基或卤素;
n是1或2;
X是N、N+O-或CH;
---虚线可以为不存在或–CH2-;
及其药用盐,外消旋混合物,或其相应对映异构体和/或其旋光异构体和/或立体异构体,例如化合物
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
本发明的一个实施方案是式ID的化合物
其中
R1是S(O)2低级烷基、S(O)2NR4R5、S(O)2环烷基、S-低级烷基或S(O)2-氮杂环丁烷-1-基;
R4和R5彼此独立地是氢、低级烷基或(CH2)2OCH3;
R2是氢或环烷基;
R3是甲基或卤素;
n是1或2;
X是N、N+O-或CH;
---虚线可以为不存在或–CH2-;
及其药用盐,外消旋混合物,或其相应对映异构体和/或其旋光异构体和/或立体异构体,例如化合物
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)-N,N-二甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺
1-(5-(异丙基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
1-(5-(环丙基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲硫基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)吡啶-3-磺酰胺
1-(5-(氮杂环丁烷-1-基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)-N-(2-甲氧基乙基)-N-甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺
5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)-N-甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺
1-(6-环丙基-5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
3,3-二甲基-6-(5-甲基吡啶-3-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
6-(5-氟-6-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮,或
6'-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1'-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)螺[环丁烷-1,3'-二氢吲哚]-2'-酮。
本发明的另一个实施方案是化合物
其中
基团A-R1与来自基团A的两个相邻碳原子一起可以形成另外的稠合环,所述另外的稠合环选自
R2是氢;
R3是甲基或卤素;
n是1或2;
X是N、N+O-或CH;
---虚线可以为不存在或–CH2-;
及其药用盐,外消旋混合物,或其相应对映异构体和/或其旋光异构体和/或立体异构体,例如化合物
1-(苯并[b]噻吩-6-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮,或
1-(苯并[b]噻吩-4-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮。
本发明的式I化合物及其药用盐可以通过本领域中已知的方法制备,例如,通过下述方法制备,所述方法包括:
a)将下式的化合物
与下式的化合物反应
Y-A(R1)(R2) 4
生成下式的化合物
其中Y是Cl、Br或I并且其他基团具有以上描述的含义,并且,
如果需要,将获得的化合物转化为药用酸加成盐;
b)将下式的化合物
与甲硫醇钠反应
生成下式的化合物
其中Y1是Cl或F并且其他基团具有以上描述的含义,并且,
如果需要,将获得的化合物转化为药用酸加成盐;
c)将下式的化合物
用间氯过氧苯甲酸氧化
生成下式的化合物
其中基团具有如上所述的含义,并且
如果需要,将获得的化合物转化为药用酸加成盐。
本发明的式I化合物的制备可以以顺序或汇聚的合成路线进行。本发明的化合物的合成显示在以下方案中。用于实施反应和所得产物的纯化所需的技巧对于本领域技术人员是已知的。除非有相反指明,在以下方法描述中使用的取代基和标志具有本文之前给出的含义。
更详细地,式I化合物可以通过以下给出的方法、通过实施例中给出的方法或通过类似方法制备。用于单个反应步骤的恰当反应条件对于本领域技术人员是已知的。反应顺序不限于方案中所展示的顺序,然而取决于起始原料及其各自的反应性,反应步骤的顺序可以自由改变。起始原料可商购获得或者可以通过与以下给出的方法类似的方法、通过实施例中描述的方法或通过本领域已知的方法制备。
方案1
化合物3可以由6-溴-3,3-二甲基二氢吲哚-2-酮(WO2014/202493A1)经由与硼酸或酯2和钯源的第一偶联制备。通过在碘化铜(I)、配体如N,N’-二甲基乙二胺和碱例如碳酸钾存在下,将化合物3与芳基卤4(Y=Cl、Br、I)偶联,可以实现第二芳基残基(A=取代的苯基、吡嗪、吡啶和稠合环)的引入,得到式Ic的化合物。
方案2
在碘化铜(I)、配体如N,N’-二甲基乙二胺和碱例如碳酸钾存在下,3与取代芳基残基5(Y=Cl、Br、I)的偶联可以实现。然后活化的离去基团(优先地Y1=Cl、F)用烷基硫的替代可以生成化合物Ia。利用间氯过氧苯甲酸的最后氧化得到最终化合物Ib。
方案3
通过利用1,3-二碘丙烷在2-(4-溴-2-硝基苯基)乙酸甲酯上引入环丁基,接着在铁粉和乙酸存在下将9内部环化,可以制备下式Id的化合物。在钯催化剂例如[1,1'-二(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯钯(II)和碱例如碳酸钠存在下,化合物10可以与硼酸或酯2偶联,得到芳基化的化合物11。在碘化铜(I)、配体如N,N’-二甲基乙二胺和碱例如碳酸钾存在下,通过将化合物11与芳基卤4(Y=Cl、Br、I)偶联,可以实现芳基残基的引入,得到式Id的化合物。
实验部分
提供以下实施例用于说明本发明。它们不应该理解为限制本发明的范围,而仅作为其代表。
缩写:
Boc,叔丁氧基羰基;
DIPEA,二异丙基乙胺;
DMAP,二甲基氨基吡啶;
DMF,二甲基甲酰胺;
DMSO,二甲亚砜;
EDCI,1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺;
EtOAc,乙酸乙酯;
HOBt,1-羟基苯并三唑;
MeOH,甲醇;
NMP,N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮;
PMB,对甲氧基苄基;
TFA,三氟乙酸;
THF,四氢呋喃。
通用:硅胶色谱使用填充有硅胶( Columns,TELOSTM FlashColumns)或二氧化硅-NH2凝胶(TELOSTM Flash NH2 Columns)的筒在ISCO Combi FlashCompanion上或在硅胶60(32-60目,)上的玻璃柱上进行。MS:质谱(MS)利用离子喷射正或负方法在Perkin-Elmer SCIEX API 300上测量。
实施例1
1-(苯并[b]噻吩-6-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
在反应管中,将6-溴苯并[b]噻吩(126mg,592μmol,Eq:1.5)加入至3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(100mg,395μmol,Eq:1.00,WO2014/202493A1)在乙腈(3.00ml)中的悬浮液中。将混合物用在22℃鼓泡通过悬浮液达10分钟的氮气的稳定流处理。然后加入碳酸钾(136mg,987μmol,Eq:2.5),接着加入碘化铜(I)(7.52mg,39.5μmol,Eq:0.1)和N,N'-二甲基乙二胺(6.96mg,8.5μl,79.0μmol,Eq:0.2)。将管充惰性气体(inerted),密封并将混合物加热至100℃达20h。混合物用20ml水(pH 14)处理并用乙酸乙酯(2x 20ml)萃取。将有机层干燥,过滤并蒸发至真空。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为浅黄色固体(124mg,81%)。MS(m/z)=386.2[(M+H)+]。
实施例2
1-(苯并[b]噻吩-4-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
类似于实施例1,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(来自WO2014/202493A1)与4-溴苯并[b]噻吩制备实施例2,得到标题化合物(5%),为白色固体。MS(m/z)=386.2[(M+H)+]。
实施例3
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
在压力管中,将氩气鼓泡通过3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(70mg,276μmol,Eq:1,WO2014/202493A1)、3-溴-5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶(78.3mg,332μmol,Eq:1.2)和碳酸钾(76.4mg,553μmol,Eq:2)在乙腈(1.11ml)的悬浮液达5分钟。然后加入N,N'-二甲基乙二胺(9.74mg,11.9μl,111μmol,Eq:0.4)和碘化铜(I)(10.5mg,55.3μmol,Eq:0.2),再次用氩气冲洗,将管密封并将反应混合物加热至115℃过夜。将混合物用二氯甲烷稀释。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为浅黄色固体(116mg,99%)。MS(m/z)=409.1[(M+H)+]。
实施例4
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(6-(甲基磺酰基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
a)1-(6-氯吡嗪-2-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
在惰性气氛下将3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(3g,11.8mmol,Eq:1,WO2014/202493A1)、2-溴-6-氯吡嗪(2.98g,15.4mmol,Eq:1.30)、碘化铜(I)(226mg,1.18mmol,Eq:0.10)、碳酸钾(3.27g,23.7mmol,Eq:2)和反式-N,N-二甲基环己烷1,2-二胺(347mg,385μl,2.37mmol,Eq:0.20)与脱气的1,4-二烷(30ml)合并。将反应混合物加热至110℃并搅拌20h。将反应混合物倒入饱和碳酸氢钠中并用乙酸乙酯(2x)萃取。将有机层合并,并用水和盐水洗涤并且最后用硫酸钠干燥,然后过滤并在真空中蒸发。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为白色固体(2g,46%)。MS(m/z)=366.2[(M+H)+]。
b)3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(6-(甲硫基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
将甲硫醇钠(192mg,2.73mmol,Eq:5)和1-(6-氯吡嗪-2-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(200mg,547μmol,Eq:1)与四氢呋喃(10.7ml)合并。将反应混合物在室温搅拌5h。将有机层在0℃用乙酸乙酯稀释并用1N盐酸酸化。将混合物用乙酸乙酯(2x 10ml)萃取并且有机层用水洗涤。将合并的有机层用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为黄色固体(183mg,88%)。MS(m/z)=378.2[(M+H)+]。
c)3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(6-(甲基磺酰基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-
2-酮
将3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(6-(甲硫基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(172mg,456μmol,Eq:1)和3-氯过氧苯甲酸(197mg,1.14mmol,Eq:2.5)与二氯甲烷(17.2ml)合并。将反应混合物在室温搅拌4h。将反应混合物用二氯甲烷稀释并用硫代硫酸钠、饱和碳酸氢钠和盐水洗涤。水层用二氯甲烷洗涤。将合并的有机层用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为浅红色固体(60mg,32%)。MS(m/z)=410.2[(M+H)+]。
实施例5
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(3-(甲基磺酰基)苯基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
类似于实施例3,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(来自WO2014/202493A1)与1-溴-3-(甲基磺酰基)苯制备实施例5,得到标题化合物(76%),为白色泡沫。MS(m/z)=408.1[(M+H)+]。
实施例6
5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)-N,N-二甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺
类似于实施例3,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(来自WO2014/202493A1)与5-溴-N,N-二甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺制备实施例6,得到标题化合物(90%),为浅褐色固体。MS(m/z)=438.2[(M+H)+]。
实施例7
1-(5-(异丙基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
a)3-溴-5-((4-甲氧基苄基)硫代)吡啶
向在矿物油上的60%氢化钠(348mg,8.7mmol,Eq:1.03)在干燥二甲基甲酰胺(28.1ml)中的悬浮液中,逐滴加入(4-甲氧基苯基)甲硫醇(1.46g,8.53mmol,Eq:1.01)(强烈气体放出,放热)并将混合物在室温搅拌1h,然后加入3,5-二溴吡啶(2g,8.44mmol,Eq:1)在干燥二甲基甲酰胺(28.1ml)中的溶液并在室温继续搅拌3天。将反应混合物用叔丁基甲基醚和水稀释。将混合物用叔丁基甲基醚萃取2次并且有机层用盐水洗涤2次。合并的有机层用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为浅黄色油状物(1.39g,53%)。MS(m/z)=309.9/311.9[(M+H)+]。
b)5-溴吡啶-3-硫醇
向3-溴-5-((4-甲氧基苄基)硫代)吡啶(1.39g,4.48mmol,Eq:1)在间甲苯酚(4.94g,4.78ml,45.7mmol,Eq:10.2)中加入三氟乙酸(5.77g,3.9ml,50.6mmol,Eq:11.3)并将混合物加热至回流(在150℃加热8h,然后在160℃加热165h)。将大部分的间甲苯酚在真空下蒸发(80℃,1-2mbar)。剩余物用乙酸乙酯和16ml的1M碳酸钠/饱和碳酸氢钠1:1稀释。水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤。然后将合并的水层使用30ml的1M柠檬树酸化至pH~4。混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取2次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩,得到标题化合物(42%),为黄色固体,未经进一步纯化。
MS(m/z)=189.9/191.9[(M+H)+]。
c)3-溴-5-(异丙硫基)吡啶
向5-溴吡啶-3-硫醇(0.189g,994μmol,Eq:1)在丙酮中的浅黄色悬浮液中加入碳酸钾(275mg,1.99mmol,Eq:2)和2-碘丙烷(220mg,129μl,1.29mmol,Eq:1.3)。将反应物加热至回流达2h。将反应物通过玻璃纤维滤器过滤,用丙酮洗涤并将获得的溶液在真空中浓缩。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为无色油状物(170mg,73%)。MS(m/z)=232.0/234.0[(M+H)+]。
d)3-溴-5-(异丙基磺酰基)吡啶
向3-溴-5-(异丙硫基)吡啶(0.1g,431μmol,Eq:1)在二氯甲烷(2.15ml)中的溶液中缓慢地加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(212mg,948μmol,Eq:2.2)并将混合物在室温搅拌3h。反应混合物用2ml的10%亚硫酸钠水溶液处理并将混合物在室温搅拌30分钟。然后将反应混合物用二氯甲烷和水稀释。混合物用二氯甲烷萃取3次并将有机层用1M碳酸钠水溶液洗涤2次。合并的有机层用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为白色固体(110mg,96%)。MS(m/z)=264.0/266.0[(M+H)+]。
e)1-(5-(异丙基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲
哚-2-酮
类似于实施例3,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(来自WO2014/202493A1)与3-溴-5-(异丙基磺酰基)吡啶制备实施例7e,得到标题化合物(98%),为浅褐色固体。MS(m/z)=437.2[(M+H)+]。
实施例8
1-(5-(环丙基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
a)3-溴-5-(环丙硫基)吡啶
向在压力管中的环丙基溴(290mg,192μl,2.4mmol,Eq:2.85)和5-溴吡啶-3-硫醇(0.16g,842μmol,Eq:1,实施例7b)在二甲亚砜(990μl)中的溶液中,加入叔丁醇钾(99.2mg,884μmol,Eq:1.05)。将管密封并将反应混合物加热至100℃过夜。仅获得部分转化,因此再次加入环丙基溴(306mg,202μl,2.53mmol,Eq:3)和叔丁醇钾(94.5mg,842μmol,Eq:1)并将反应物加热至120℃达3h。将反应混合物用叔丁基甲基醚和水稀释。混合物用叔丁基甲基醚萃取2次并将有机层用盐水洗涤3次。合并的有机层用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为浅黄色油状物(49mg,25%)。MS(m/z)=230.0/232.0[(M+H)+]。
b)3-溴-5-(环丙基磺酰基)吡啶
类似于实施例7d,由3-溴-5-(环丙硫基)吡啶与间氯过氧苯甲酸制备实施例8b,得到标题化合物(73%),为白色固体。MS(m/z)=262.0/264.0[(M+H)+]。
c)1-(5-(环丙基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲
哚-2-酮
类似于实施例3,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(来自WO2014/202493A1)与3-溴-5-(环丙基磺酰基)吡啶制备实施例8c,得到标题化合物(96%),为灰白色固体。MS(m/z)=435.2[(M+H)+]。
实施例9
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲硫基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
类似于实施例3,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(来自WO2014/202493A1)与3-溴-5-(甲硫基)吡啶制备实施例9,得到标题化合物(71%),为白色固体。MS(m/z)=377.1[(M+H)+]。
实施例10
5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)吡啶-3-磺酰胺
在氮气下将3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(100mg,395μmol,Eq:1,WO2014/202493A1)、5-溴吡啶-3-磺酰胺(122mg,513μmol,Eq:1.30)、碘化铜(I)(7.52mg,39.5μmol,Eq:0.10)、碳酸钾(109mg,790μmol,Eq:2.00)和(1R,2R)-N1,N2-二甲基环己烷-1,2-二胺(11.6mg,12.8μl,79μmol,Eq:0.20)与脱气的二烷(5.70ml)合并。在惰性气氛下将反应混合物加热至110℃并搅拌24h。将混合物在乙酸乙酯和饱和碳酸氢钠之间分配,并将水层用乙酸乙酯萃取2次。合并的有机相用水洗涤,然后用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。
剩余物通过在硅胶上的色谱纯化,接着通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到所需产物,为白色固体(7mg,4%)。MS(m/z)=410.1[(M+H)+]。
实施例11
1-(5-(氮杂环丁烷-1-基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
a)3-(氮杂环丁烷-1-基磺酰基)-5-溴吡啶
将5-溴吡啶-3-磺酰氯(200mg,780μmol,Eq:1)与吡啶(1ml)合并。加入氮杂环丁烷(53.4mg,53.4μl,936μmol,Eq:1.20)并将反应混合物在室温搅拌20h。将反应混合物在真空中浓缩。将剩余物倒入水中并用乙酸乙酯(2x)萃取。将有机层合并并用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩,得到所需产物,为黄色固体(185mg,85%),未经进一步纯化。
MS(m/z)=277.1/279.1[(M+H)+]。
b)1-(5-(氮杂环丁烷-1-基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-
基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
类似于实施例10,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(来自WO2014/202493A1)与3-(氮杂环丁烷-1-基磺酰基)-5-溴吡啶制备实施例11b,得到标题化合物(84%),为灰白色固体。MS(m/z)=450.4[(M+H)+]。
实施例12
5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)-N-(2-甲氧基乙基)-N-甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺
a)5-溴-N-(2-甲氧基乙基)-N-甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺
类似于实施例11a,由5-溴吡啶-3-磺酰氯与2-甲氧基-N-甲基乙胺制备实施例12a,得到标题化合物(58%),为黄色油状物。
MS(m/z)=309.1/311.1[(M+H)+]。
b)5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)-N-(2-甲氧基
乙基)-N-甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺
类似于实施例10,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(来自WO2014/202493A1)与5-溴-N-(2-甲氧基乙基)-N-甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺制备实施例12b,得到标题化合物(89%),为浅褐色固体。
MS(m/z)=482.4[(M+H)+]。
实施例13
5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)-N-甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺
类似于实施例10,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(来自WO2014/202493 A1)与5-溴-N-甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺制备实施例13,得到标题化合物(35%),为灰白色固体。MS(m/z)=424.3[(M+H)+]。
实施例14
1-(6-环丙基-5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
a)3-甲磺酰基吡啶-2-胺
向3-溴吡啶-2-胺(5g,28.9mmol)在二甲亚砜(50ml)中的溶液中加入甲亚磺酸钠(3.836g,37.57mmol)、L-脯氨酸(0.665g,5.78mmol)、氢氧化钠(0.231g,5.78mmol)并用氩气吹洗。然后加入碘化铜(0.55g,2.89mmol),用氩气吹洗并在160℃加热60h。在完成之后,将反应混合物用水(200ml)猝灭并用乙酸乙酯(2x200 ml)萃取。合并的有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥并在真空下浓缩。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为灰白色固体(3.8g,76%)。MS(m/z)=173.1[M+H]+。
b)5-溴-3-甲磺酰基吡啶-2-胺
向3-甲磺酰基吡啶-2-胺(5.8g,33.68mmol)在乙腈(80ml)中的溶液中加入N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(6.294g,35.36mmol)并在25℃搅拌30min。在完成之后,将反应混合物在真空下浓缩,用水(100ml)稀释并用乙酸乙酯(2x100 ml)萃取。合并的有机层用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(100ml)洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥并在真空下浓缩。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为灰白色固体(6.7g,79%)。
c)2,5-二溴-3-甲磺酰基吡啶
在0℃向5-溴-3-甲磺酰基吡啶-2-胺(5.6g,22.30mmol)在溴化氢(47%水溶液,46ml,267.62mmol)中的溶液中加入溴(3.7ml,71.37mmol),接着在20min内加入亚硝酸钠(40%水溶液,19.2ml,111.51mmol)并将其在0℃搅拌1h。然后通过50%氢氧化钠水溶液将反应混合物碱化(pH~13)并允许温热直至25℃超过1h。然后将甲苯(100ml)加入至反应混合物中,搅拌30min并允许静置16h。将反应混合物分离并将水层用乙酸乙酯(2x 100ml)萃取。合并的有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥并在真空下浓缩。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为灰白色固体(4.32g,75%)。
d)5-溴-2-环丙基-3-甲磺酰基吡啶
向2,5-二溴-3-甲磺酰基吡啶(1.5g,4.76mmol)在甲苯(15ml)和水(3ml)中的溶液中加入磷酸三钾(3.033g,14.29mmol)和环丙基三氟硼酸钾(0.881g,5.95mmol)并将其用氩气吹洗。然后加入四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(0.495g,0.43mmol),用氩气吹洗并在100℃加热16h。然后将反应混合物过滤并在真空下浓缩。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为灰白色固体(681mg,71%)。MS(m/z)=277.9[(M+H)+]。
e)1-(6-环丙基-5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)
二氢吲哚-2-酮
类似于实施例3,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(来自WO2014/202493A1)与5-溴-2-环丙基-3-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶制备实施例14e,得到标题化合物(58%),为白色固体。MS(m/z)=449.3[(M+H)+]。
实施例15
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基-1-氧代嘧啶-1--5-基)-1-(6-甲基磺酰基吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
类似于实施例4c,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(6-(甲硫基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(实施例4b)与3-氯过氧苯甲酸制备实施例15,得到标题化合物(25%),为浅灰色固体。
MS(m/z)=426.2[(M+H)+]。
实施例16
3,3-二甲基-6-(5-甲基吡啶-3-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
a)3,3-二甲基-6-(5-甲基吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
将在二烷(4.44ml)和2M碳酸钠水溶液(1.11ml)中的6-溴-3,3-二甲基二氢吲哚-2-酮(0.2g,833μmol,Eq:1,WO2014/202493A1)和(5-甲基吡啶-3-基)硼酸(137mg,1000μmol,Eq:1.2)用氩气吹洗。然后加入[1,1'-二(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯钯(II)(30.5mg,41.6μmol,Eq:0.05),将管密封并将反应混合物加热至110℃达5h。将反应混合物用二氯甲烷稀释。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为褐色固体(122mg,58%)。MS(m/z)=253.2[(M+H)+]。
b)3,3-二甲基-6-(5-甲基吡啶-3-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-
2-酮
类似于实施例3,由3,3-二甲基-6-(5-甲基吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮与3-溴-5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶制备实施例16b,得到标题化合物(96%),为浅褐色固体。MS(m/z)=408.2[(M+H)+]。
实施例17
6-(5-氟-6-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
a)6-(5-氟-6-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基二氢吲哚-2-酮
类似于实施例16a,由6-溴-3,3-二甲基二氢吲哚-2-酮(WO2014/202493A1)与(5-氟-6-甲基吡啶-3-基)硼酸制备实施例17a,得到标题化合物(14%),为褐色固体。MS(m/z)=271.2[(M+H)+]。
b)6-(5-氟-6-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)二氢
吲哚-2-酮
类似于实施例3,由6-(5-氟-6-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基二氢吲哚-2-酮与3-溴-5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶制备实施例17b,得到标题化合物(86%),为浅褐色泡沫。MS(m/z)=426.1[(M+H)+]。
实施例18
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
a)1-(5-氯吡嗪-2-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
类似于实施例4a,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(WO2014/202493A1)与2-溴-5-氯吡嗪制备实施例18a,得到标题化合物(64%),为浅褐色固体。MS(m/z)=366.1[(M+H)+]。
b)3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲硫基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
类似于实施例4b,由1-(5-氯吡嗪-2-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮与甲硫醇钠(在50℃达1h)制备实施例18b,得到标题化合物(41%),为黄色固体。MS(m/z)=378.2[(M+H)+]。
c)3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-
2-酮
类似于实施例4c,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲硫基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮与3-氯过氧苯甲酸制备实施例18c,得到标题化合物(41%),为白色固体。MS(m/z)=410.2[(M+H)+]。
实施例19
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
类似于实施例4a,由3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮(WO2014/202493A1)与2-溴-5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶制备实施例19,得到标题化合物(59%),为白色固体。MS(m/z)=409.2[(M+H)+]。
实施例20
6'-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1'-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)螺[环丁烷-1,3'-二氢吲哚]-2'-酮
a)1-(4-溴-2-硝基苯基)环丁烷甲酸甲酯
在0℃将2-(4-溴-2-硝基苯基)乙酸甲酯(2g,7.3mmol,Eq:1)和1,3-二碘丙烷(2.45g,956μl,8.03mmol,Eq:1.10)与二甲基甲酰胺(20ml)合并。缓慢地加入氢化钠(1.17g,29.2mmol,Eq:4.00)。将深蓝色反应混合物加热至室温并搅拌16h。将反应混合物倒入水中并用乙酸乙酯(3x)萃取。将有机层合并并用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为褐色固体(285mg,12%)。
b)6'-溴螺[环丁烷-1,3'-二氢吲哚]-2'-酮
将1-(4-溴-2-硝基苯基)环丁烷甲酸甲酯(285mg,907μmol,Eq:1)与乙酸(3ml)合并。加入铁粉(253mg,4.54mmol,Eq:5.00)。将反应混合物加热至100℃并搅拌2h。将反应混合物通过硅藻土过滤并将滤液蒸发。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为褐色固体(130mg,56%)。MS(m/z)=254.1[M+H]+。
c)6'-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)螺[环丁烷-1,3'-二氢吲哚]-2'-酮
在氮气氛下将6'-溴螺[环丁烷-1,3'-二氢吲哚]-2'-酮(120mg,476μmol,Eq:1)、2-甲基-5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)嘧啶(157mg,714μmol,Eq:1.50)和二氯(1,1’-二(二苯基膦基)二茂铁)钯(II)二氯甲烷加合物(19.4mg,23.8μmol,Eq:0.05)与脱气的2M碳酸钠溶液(714μl,1.43mmol,Eq:3.00)和脱气的二 烷(4ml)合并。将反应混合物加热至110℃并搅拌24h。将反应混合物倒入饱和碳酸氢钠中并用乙酸乙酯(3x)萃取。将有机层合并并用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。
残余物通过硅胶上的色谱纯化,得到所需产物,为浅褐色固体(100mg,79%)。MS(m/z)=266.2[M+H]+。
d)6'-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1'-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)螺[环丁烷-1,3'-二
氢吲哚]-2'-酮
类似于实施例4a,由6'-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)螺[环丁烷-1,3'-二氢吲哚]-2'-酮与3-溴-5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶制备实施例20d,得到标题化合物(85%),为浅褐色固体。MS(m/z)=421.2[(M+H)+]。
生物学测定和数据
现在已发现,式I化合物可以用于治疗CNS疾病。
所描述的式I化合物减少L-687,414-诱导的过度移动。这通过以下方式评估:使用计算机化Digiscan 16动物活动监控系统(Digiscan 16Animal Activity MonitoringSystem)(Omnitech Electronics,Columbus,Ohio)来定量运动活动。动物保持在12h亮/黑周期并在亮期期间进行实验。每个活动监测室由具有嵌入在地板上的锯末的Plexiglas箱(41×41×28cm;W×L×H)构成,其由不可见的水平和垂直红外传感器光束围绕。试验箱通过Plexiglas十字架分开,从而为每只小鼠提供20×20cm的活动空间。笼子连接于Digiscan分析仪,其连接于恒定地收集光束状态信息的计算机。对于单个动物的光电束中断的记录在实验期持续期间内每5分钟进行并且前6个期间的总和用作最终参数。每个治疗组中至少使用8只小鼠。在皮下注射(s.c.injection)50mg/kg的L-687,414之前15分钟腹膜内注射(i.p.)给药化合物。然后将小鼠从其住所笼子转移到记录室达15-min适应期,允许自由探查新环境。然后记录水平活动达30-min时间期。根据以下公式计算L-687,414-诱导的过度移动的%抑制:
((赋形剂(Veh)+L-687,414水平活动–药物+L-687,414水平活动)/赋形剂+L-687,414水平活动)x 100
ID50值,其定义为产生L-687,414-诱导的过度移动的50%抑制的每种化合物的剂量,使用基于Excel的计算机拟合程序通过剂量-响应数据的线性回归分析计算。
由于数据没有假定为正态分布,使用单尾(one-tailed)Mann-Whitney U检验将用试验化合物治疗的组与对照(赋形剂治疗的)组进行统计学比较。在统计学上,Mann–Whitney U检验(也称为Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon(MWW)或Wilcoxon秩和检验)是用于评估独立观察结果的两个样品之一是否趋于比另一个具有更大值的非参数统计假设检验。其是最熟知的非参数显著性检验之一。p值给出两个组彼此显著不同的概率并且<0.05的值通常公认为是标准,其意味着两个组彼此实际上不同存在>95%机会。表1中给出的p值是单尾的,因为仅预期和测试运动力下降(Mann,H.B.,Whitney,D.R.(1947),“On a Test of Whetherone of Two Random Variables is Stochastically Larger than the Other”,Annalsof Mathematical Statistics,18(1),50-60)。
测定腺苷转运活性
为了测量ENT-1哺乳动物细胞的腺苷转运活性,在第1天将表达小鼠ENT-1转运蛋白的稳定细胞以60,000个细胞/孔的密度铺板于96孔培养板中在补充有glutamax、10%FBS和10μg/ml嘌呤霉素的完全DMEM/F12培养基中。在第2天,将培养基吸出并将细胞用吸收缓冲液(10mM Hepes-Tris,pH 7.4,含150mM NaCl,1mMCaCl2,2.5mM KCl,2.5mM MgSO4,10mMD-葡萄糖)(UB)洗涤两次。对于抑制实验,之后在室温将细胞与不同浓度的化合物以及1%终浓度的DMSO温育。在10μM S-(4-硝基苄基)-6-硫代肌苷(NBTI,Sigma Cat#N2255)存在下定义非特异性吸收。
然后向孔中立即添加含[2,8-3H]-腺苷6nM(40Ci/mmol,American Radiolabeledchemicals Inc,Cat#ART 0287A)的溶液。然后在轻轻摇动的情况下将平板温育20min,并通过吸出混合物并用冰冷的UB洗涤(三次)终止反应。通过添加闪烁液将细胞裂解,摇动3小时,并使用微板闪烁计数器(TopCount NXT,Packard)评估细胞中的放射性。
表1
式I化合物对ENT1抑制的效应
表2
化合物对于L-687,414-诱导的快速移动的效应
用来比较试验化合物的行为特征与获自大组临床批准的参考化合物的行为特征数据库(根据适应症分组)。以这种方式,试验化合物的神经-药理作用可以通过与大类的化合物如抗精神病药、抗焦虑药和抗抑郁药的类似性进行预测。这种方法理想地适于筛选具有之前未知的神经药理学的现有药物或药物候选的集合,其可以加快用于精神疾病的新且出乎意料的治疗的开发。
本发明的一些化合物在试验之前15分钟以不同剂量腹膜内注射。每个治疗组使用至少8只小鼠。受试者的数字视频用计算机版算法处理以提取超过2000个相关量度,包括许多不同行为状态的频率和持续时间。分类的结果对于每个化合物和剂量(mg/kg)作为棒状图呈现,Y-轴表示试验化合物在特定CNS适应症中将显示效力的相对概率。
本发明的化合物显示与非典型抗精神病药的那些类似的特征。对未分类数据进行独立分析,以确定实施例化合物与已知的非典型抗精神病药的活性剂量的类似性。对于这种分析,我们使用识别率作为两种药物之间的可分性的量度,即一种药物与另一种药物的"可区分性"。等于50%(或0.5)的比率对应于零可区分性。经验数据已显示,用于可靠分开的阈值比率在70%以上,即显示70%以下的辨别比率的两种药物被认为是类似的,而高于70%的辨别比率表明两种药物不类似。下表显示所选的本发明化合物与几种非典型抗精神病药的类似性分析。在大多数情况下,实施例化合物显示与利培酮、氯氮平和奥氮平的类似性,其中辨别比率≤0.70。
表3:
因此,可以认为,本发明的化合物具有与已知的非典型抗精神病药类似的效力。
式(I)的化合物及其药用盐可以用作药物,例如以药物制剂的形式。药物制剂可以经口给药,例如以片剂、包衣片剂、糖衣丸、硬和软明胶胶囊、溶液、乳剂或混悬剂的形式。然而,所述给药也可以经直肠实现,例如以栓剂的形式,或者胃肠外实现,例如以注射液的形式。
式(I)的化合物及其药用盐可以与药学上惰性的无机或有机载体一起加工用于生产药物制剂。例如,可以使用乳糖、玉米淀粉或其衍生物、滑石、硬脂酸或其盐等作为这样的载体用于片剂、包衣片剂、糖衣丸和硬明胶胶囊。用于软明胶胶囊的合适载体例如是植物油、蜡、脂肪、半固体和液体多元醇等;然而取决于活性物质的性质,在软明胶胶囊情况下通常不需要载体。用于生产溶液和糖浆的合适载体例如是水、多元醇、蔗糖、转化糖、葡萄糖等。辅剂如醇、多元醇、甘油、植物油等可以用于式(I)化合物的水溶性盐的注射水溶液,但一般来说不是必需的。用于栓剂的合适载体例如是天然或硬化油、蜡、脂肪、半液体或液体多元醇等。
此外,药物制剂可以含有防腐剂、增溶剂、稳定剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、增甜剂、着色剂、芳香剂、用于改变渗透压的盐、缓冲剂、掩蔽剂或抗氧化剂。它们也可以还含有其他治疗有价值的物质。
如之前提及的,含有式(I)的化合物或其药用盐和治疗惰性赋形剂的药剂也是本发明的一个目的,如同用于生产这样的药剂的方法一样,所述方法包括使一种或多种式(I)的化合物或其药用盐和如果需要的一种或多种其他治疗有价值的物质,连同一种或多种治疗惰性载体一起,形成盖仑制剂剂型。活性化合物也可以以它们的前药形式使用。
还如之前提及的,式(I)的化合物用于制备可用于预防和/或治疗上述疾病的药物的用途也是本发明一个目的。
剂量可以在宽范围内变化,并且当然在每种特定情况下将适于个体需要。一般来说,用于口服或胃肠外给药的有效剂量为0.01-20mg/kg/天,其中0.1-10mg/kg/天的剂量对于所有所述适应症是优选的。对于体重70kg的成年人的日剂量相应地在0.7-1400mg/天之间,优选7至700mg/天。
包含本发明化合物的药物组合物的制备:
以下组成的片剂以通常的方式制备:
制备程序
1.将成分1,2,3和4混合并以纯水制粒。
2.将颗粒在50℃干燥。
3.将颗粒通过合适的研磨装置。
4.添加成分5并混合三分钟;在合适的压力机上压制。
制备以下组成的胶囊:
制备程序
1.在合适的搅拌器中将成分1,2和3混合30分钟。
2.添加成分4和5并混合3分钟。
3.装入合适的胶囊中。
首先在搅拌器中将式I化合物、乳糖和玉米淀粉混合,并随后在粉碎机中混合。将混合物返回搅拌器中;向其中加入滑石并彻底混合。用机器将混合物装入合适的胶囊,例如硬明胶胶囊中。
制备以下组成的注射液:
成分 | mg/注射液 |
式I化合物 | 3 |
聚乙二醇400 | 150 |
乙酸 | 适量调节至pH 5.0 |
用于注射液的水 | 调节至1.0ml |
制备程序
将式I化合物溶解在聚乙二醇400和用于注射的水(部分)的混合物中。用乙酸将pH调节至5.0。通过加入余量的水将体积调节至1.0ml。过滤溶液,使用适当过量装入瓶中并消毒。
Claims (20)
1.一种式I化合物,
其中
A是苯基或含有一个或两个N原子的六元杂芳基,所述六元杂芳基选自
R1是-S(O)2低级烷基、-S(O)2NR4R5、-S(O)2环烷基、-S-低级烷基或-S(O)2-氮杂环丁烷-1-基;
R4和R5彼此独立地是氢、低级烷基或(CH2)2OCH3;
或者基团A-R1与来自基团A的两个相邻碳原子一起可以形成另外的稠合环,所述另外的稠合环选自
R2是氢或环烷基;
R3是甲基或卤素;
n是1或2;
X是N、N+O-或CH;
---虚线可以为不存在或–CH2-;
其中,
低级烷基是指含有1至7个碳原子的烷基;且
环烷基是指具有3-6个碳环原子的烷基环;
及其药用盐,或其相应对映异构体。
3.根据权利要求2的化合物,其为式IA的化合物,所述化合物是
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(3-(甲基磺酰基)苯基)二氢吲哚-2-酮。
5.根据权利要求4的化合物,其为式IB的化合物,所述化合物是
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(6-(甲基磺酰基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基-1-氧代嘧啶-1-鎓-5-基)-1-(6-甲基磺酰基吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮,或
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡嗪-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮。
7.根据权利要求6的化合物,其为式IC的化合物,所述化合物是
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-2-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮。
9.根据权利要求8的化合物,其为式ID的化合物,所述化合物是
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)-N,N-二甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺
1-(5-(异丙基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
1-(5-(环丙基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1-(5-(甲硫基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)吡啶-3-磺酰胺
1-(5-(氮杂环丁烷-1-基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)-N-(2-甲氧基乙基)-N-甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺
5-(3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-2-氧代二氢吲哚-1-基)-N-甲基吡啶-3-磺酰胺
1-(6-环丙基-5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
3,3-二甲基-6-(5-甲基吡啶-3-基)-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮
6-(5-氟-6-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-1-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮,或
6'-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)-1'-(5-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基)螺[环丁烷-1,3'-二氢吲哚]-2'-酮。
11.根据权利要求10的化合物,其为式IE的化合物,所述化合物是
1-(苯并[b]噻吩-6-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮,或
1-(苯并[b]噻吩-4-基)-3,3-二甲基-6-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮。
12.一种根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的式I化合物与已知的市售的抗精神病药、抗抑郁药、抗焦虑药或情绪稳定剂的组合产品。
13.根据权利要求12所述的组合产品,其中所述市售的抗精神病药是奥氮平、氯氮平、利培酮、阿立哌唑或齐拉西酮。
14.根据权利要求12所述的组合产品,其中所述市售的抗抑郁药是西酞普兰、依他普仑、帕罗西汀、氟西汀、舍曲林、度洛西汀、米那普仑、文拉法辛或米尔塔扎平。
15.根据权利要求12所述的组合产品,其中所述市售的抗焦虑药是阿普唑仑、利眠宁、氯硝西泮、地西泮、艾司唑仑、艾司佐匹克隆、扎来普隆、唑吡坦、普瑞巴林或加巴喷丁。
16.根据权利要求12所述的组合产品,其中所述市售的情绪稳定剂是卡马西平、拉莫三嗪、锂和丙戊酸。
17.一种用于制备根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的式I化合物的方法,所述方法包括
a)将下式的化合物
与下式的化合物反应
Y-A(R1)(R2) 4
生成下式的化合物
其中Y是Cl、Br或I并且其他基团具有如权利要求1-11中任一项中所述的含义,并且,
如果需要,将获得的化合物转化为药用酸加成盐;或者
b)将下式的化合物
与甲硫醇钠反应
生成下式的化合物
其中Y1是Cl或F并且其他基团具有如权利要求1-11中任一项中所述的含义,并且,
如果需要,将获得的化合物转化为药用酸加成盐;或者
c)将下式的化合物
用间氯过氧苯甲酸氧化
生成下式的化合物
其中基团具有如权利要求1-11中任一项中所述的含义,并且,
如果需要,将获得的化合物转化为药用酸加成盐。
18.通过根据权利要求17所述的方法制备的根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的化合物。
19.一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的化合物和治疗活性载体,所述药物组合物用于治疗与以下相关的CNS疾病:精神分裂症的阳性症状和阴性症状、精神药物滥用、酒精和药物成瘾、强迫症、认知损害、双相性精神障碍、心境障碍、重性抑郁症、难治性抑郁症、焦虑症、阿尔茨海默病、自闭症、帕金森病、慢性疼痛、边缘型人格障碍、神经变性疾病、睡眠障碍、慢性疲劳综合征、僵硬、炎性疾病、哮喘、亨廷顿病、ADHD、肌萎缩侧索硬化、自体免疫病、病毒和真菌感染、心血管疾病、眼科和炎性视网膜疾病和平衡问题、癫痫症和具有共病性癫痫症的神经发育病症。
20.根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的式I化合物用于制备药物的用途,所述药物用于治疗与以下相关的CNS疾病:精神分裂症的阳性症状和阴性症状、精神药物滥用、酒精和药物成瘾、强迫症、认知损害、双相性精神障碍、心境障碍、重性抑郁症、难治性抑郁症、焦虑症、阿尔茨海默病、自闭症、帕金森病、慢性疼痛、边缘型人格障碍、神经变性疾病、睡眠障碍、慢性疲劳综合征、僵硬、炎性疾病、哮喘、亨廷顿病、ADHD、肌萎缩侧索硬化、自体免疫病、病毒和真菌感染、心血管疾病、眼科和炎性视网膜疾病和平衡问题、癫痫症和具有共病性癫痫症的神经发育病症。
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