CN108133108A - A kind of method predicted artesian water precipitation and influenced on building settlement - Google Patents
A kind of method predicted artesian water precipitation and influenced on building settlement Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 4
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000247 postprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods predicted artesian water precipitation and influenced on building settlement.Its key points of the technical solution are that include the following steps：Calculate Pit Discharge；Design points are laid in foundation pit surrounding and acquire the coordinate of design points, and the settling amount of each design points is obtained using the relation formula of pressure water drawdown formula and sedimentation and drawdown；Then the coordinate of each design points and settling amount data are imported into Become the picture software, generates the settling amount contour of CAD forms；Settling amount contour is imported in the plan view containing existing building.This method is the settling amount of existing building around to be caused to be predicted precipitation using analytic method, it is succinct with calculating, the advantages of software used is easy to operate, and settling amount contour can be generated in the plan view for indicating existing building object location, so as to directly observe the size of the settling amount of each existing building any position；In addition, the safety of excavation of foundation pit is improved using this method Predicted settlement amount before excavation of foundation pit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to foundation pit precipitation engineering, in particular to a method for predicting influence of confined water precipitation on building settlement.
Background
As shown in fig. 7, the groundwater is divided into upper layer stagnant water 14, diving water 13, and confined water 15 according to different burying conditions.
The upper layer of stagnant water 14 is a water accumulation body formed by the water-resisting effect of the local water-resisting layer 61, so that the downward-infiltrated atmospheric precipitation stays in shallow rock cracks or sedimentary layers.
The dive 13 is gravity water buried below the surface of the earth, above the first stable water barrier 6, and having a free surface 16. The groundwater that is usually seen is mostly dive 13.
The confined water 15 is underground water buried deep and present between the two water barriers 6. The pressurized water 15 tends to have a large water pressure. When the well or the drill hole penetrates through the upper-layer top plate, the strong water pressure can cause the water body to gush out, and the artesian water is formed.
At present, with the development of urban construction, the buried depth of underground buildings is larger and larger, and in the construction process, the precipitation measures of the underground buildings cause the settlement of the existing buildings around to be more and more concerned by people. And underground buildings such as subway stations and the like constructed at present are often located in busy sections of cities, existing buildings around the underground buildings are erected, and the settlement of any position of each existing building needs to be known in order to ensure the structural safety of each existing building.
At present, numerical methods are mainly adopted for prediction and calculation of the depth of the pressurized water. Numerical methods are widely used in groundwater level forecasting and resource evaluation as a method for solving approximate solutions. The numerical method adopts simulation software for calculation, and the main simulation software comprises GMS, FEFLOW and Visual MODFLOW, wherein the Visual MODFLOW is the most popular software in the world at present.
However, in order to know the settlement amount of any position of each existing building, the existing numerical simulation software needs to input data of each building into the simulation software, and the operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for predicting the influence of confined water precipitation on the settlement of a building, which has the advantages of simple calculation and simple operation and can directly observe the settlement of any position of each existing building.
The invention also aims to provide a method for checking and calculating the water level depth of the underground water, which can directly observe whether the water level depth at any position in the precipitation range can meet the design requirement.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a construction method of the foundation pit, which improves the safety of the foundation pit excavation by predicting the influence of confined water precipitation on the building settlement before the foundation pit excavation.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for predicting the influence of confined water precipitation on the settlement of a building comprises the following steps:
step a, judging whether the dewatering well is a confined water complete well, a confined water incomplete well or a confined-diving complete well according to the geological profile and the design parameters of the dewatering well, selecting a corresponding calculation formula of the water inflow of the foundation pit, and calculating the water inflow of the foundation pit;
b, uniformly distributing a plurality of check points along the periphery of the newly-built underground building, collecting coordinate data of each check point, and distributing the range of the newly-built underground building needing to cover the whole rainfall in the check points;
step c, substituting the water inflow of the foundation pit into a pressure-bearing water depth reduction formula to calculate the depth reduction of each check point;
d, calculating the settlement amount of each checking point by using a relational formula of settlement and depth reduction;
e, generating a sedimentation amount contour line and obtaining a CAD format file according to the sedimentation amount of each checking point and the coordinate data of the sedimentation amount;
and f, leading the sedimentation amount contour line into a plan view containing the existing building.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method utilizes an analytic method to predict the settlement of the existing buildings around the existing buildings caused by precipitation, has the advantages of simple calculation and simple operation of used software, and can generate the contour line of the settlement in a plan map marking the positions of the existing buildings, thereby directly observing the settlement of any position of each existing building.
Preferably, in the step a, when the dewatering well is a confined water complete well, the foundation pit water inflow Q is calculated by the following formula:
preferably, in the step a, when the dewatering well is a confined water incomplete well, the foundation pit water inflow Q is calculated by the following formula:
preferably, in the step a, when the dewatering well is a pressure-bearing-diving complete well, the foundation pit water inflow Q is calculated by the following formula:
preferably, the number of the checking points is more than 8.
By adopting the technical scheme, the predicted numerical values of the depth reduction and the sedimentation amount are more accurate.
Preferably, 4-8 peripheral checking points are additionally arranged in different directions except the precipitation influence radius, coordinate data are collected, and the step c, the step d and the step e are carried out as the other checking points.
By adopting the technical scheme, the accuracy of the numerical values of the predicted depth reduction and settlement is further improved.
Preferably, some of the point locations in the peripheral verification points are arranged at positions of existing buildings.
By adopting the technical scheme, the settlement quantity value of the key building position can be obtained more directly and more accurately.
Preferably, in the step e, the settlement amount and the coordinate data of each checking point are processed by adopting 'surfer' software, so that a settlement amount contour line is generated and a CAD format file is obtained.
By adopting the technical scheme, the software is common mapping software, is simple to operate and improves the data processing efficiency.
A method for checking and calculating the water level lowering depth of underground water comprises the steps of calculating the lowering depth of each checking and calculating point according to the steps a to c in claim 1, generating a lowering contour line by using the lowering depth of each checking and calculating point and coordinate data thereof, and outputting a CAD format file; and leading the depth reduction contour lines into a plan view containing the existing buildings to judge whether the depth reduction within the range of the newly built underground buildings can meet the requirement of precipitation.
By adopting the technical scheme, whether the depth reduction in the foundation pit range can meet the precipitation requirement can be verified, and if not, the design scheme of the precipitation well is adjusted.
A method of constructing a foundation pit, the method comprising predicting the effect of confined water precipitation on the settlement of a structure prior to excavation of the foundation pit by the steps of claim 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the influence of confined water precipitation on the settlement of the building is predicted before the foundation pit is excavated, so that the safety of the foundation pit excavation is improved.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method utilizes an analytic method to predict the settlement of the existing buildings around the buildings caused by precipitation, has the advantages of simple calculation and simple operation of used software, and can generate a settlement contour line in a plan map marking the positions of the existing buildings so as to directly observe the settlement of any position of each existing building;
2. whether the depth reduction within the range of the foundation pit can meet the requirement of precipitation can be verified, and if not, the design scheme of the precipitation well can be adjusted immediately;
3. the influence of confined water precipitation on the settlement of the building is predicted before the foundation pit is excavated, and the safety of the foundation pit excavation is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic geological profile of a confined water completed well;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a geological profile of a confined water incomplete well;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a geological profile of a pressure-bearing-submersible completed well;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of arrangement of dewatering wells and check points;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a sedimentation amount contour line;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a sink contour;
fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating classification of groundwater in the background art.
In the figure, 1, initial head; 2. water level after precipitation; 3. a confined aquifer; 4. dewatering wells; 5. a well bottom; 6. a water barrier layer; 61. a local water barrier layer; 7. newly building an underground building; 8. checking a calculation point; 9. peripheral checking points; 10. an existing building; 11. lowering the depth contour; 12. a sedimentation amount contour line; 13. diving; 14. water retention in the upper layer; 15. carrying out confined water; 16. free water surface.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that, as used in the following description, the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "bottom" and "top" refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
In the embodiment, a newly-built subway station is taken as an example, and the underground excavation process is adopted in the station construction.
A method of predicting the effect of confined water precipitation on the settlement of a building comprising the steps of:
step a, judging whether the dewatering well 4 is a confined water complete well, a confined water incomplete well or a confined-diving complete well according to the geological profile and the design parameters of the dewatering well 4, selecting a calculation formula of the water inflow of the foundation pit, and calculating the water inflow of the foundation pit;
as shown in fig. 1, after precipitation, the water level 2 is inside the upper water-resisting layer 6, and the well bottom 5 of the precipitation well 4 is inside the lower water-resisting layer 6, so that the precipitation well 4 is a confined water complete well;
as shown in fig. 2, after precipitation, the water level 2 is inside the upper water-resisting layer 6, and the well bottom 5 of the precipitation well 4 is inside the confined aquifer 3, so that the precipitation well 4 is a confined water incomplete well;
as shown in fig. 3, the water level 2 after precipitation is inside the confined aquifer 3, and the bottom 5 of the precipitation well 4 is inside the lower water barrier 6, so that the precipitation well 4 is a confined-submerged whole well.
When the precipitation well 4 belongs to a complete well of confined water, the corresponding formula for calculating the water inflow amount is as follows:
wherein,
q-foundation pit water inflow with unit of m3/d；
k is the permeability coefficient, in m/d;
m is the thickness of the confined aquifer, and the unit is M;
r-precipitation influence radius, with the unit of m;
r0-the equivalent radius of the foundation pit, in m;
s' -design depth reduction in m; the value in this example is 2.8 m.
Radius of influence of precipitationThe unit is m.
Equivalent radius r of foundation pit0The calculation can be carried out according to the related method of page 40 in technical Specification for underground water control of urban construction engineering (DB 11/1115-2014).
Among other parameters, the permeability coefficient k is given by design, and the thickness M of the confined aquifer 3 is obtained by a geological profile; the design drawdown s' is the distance between the initial head 1 of confined water and the post-precipitation level 2.
When the dewatering well 4 belongs to a confined water incomplete well, the corresponding formula for calculating the water inflow amount is as follows:
wherein,
l is the filter length in m;
the filter length L is the length of the precipitation well 4 extending into the confined aquifer 3.
When the dewatering well 4 belongs to a pressure-bearing-diving complete well, the corresponding formula for calculating the water inflow is as follows:
h, the thickness of the residual confined aquifer after precipitation, and the unit is m;
the thickness h of the remaining confined aquifer 3 after precipitation is the difference between the water level 2 after precipitation and the bottom elevation of the confined aquifer 3.
Step b, as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of precipitation wells 4 are arranged around the newly-built underground building 7, m check points 8 are uniformly arranged along the periphery of the newly-built underground building 7, coordinate data of each check point 8 are collected, the check points 8 are uniformly arranged around the newly-built underground building 7, the range of the newly-built underground building 7 needing precipitation is covered, m is preferably more than 8, and 8 are selected in the embodiment. In different directions except the precipitation influence radius R, n peripheral checking points 9 are additionally arranged, n can be 4-8, and n in the embodiment is 4.
When the peripheral verification points 9 are arranged, if there is an existing building 10 around which close attention is required to be paid to the settlement amount, part or all of the peripheral verification points 9 should be arranged at the position of the existing building 10. For example, in this embodiment, four commercial buildings are newly built near the underground building 7, which belong to the existing buildings 10 requiring close attention to settlement, and thus a peripheral verification point 9 is arranged beside each commercial building.
And c, calculating the depth of each checking point 8 and each peripheral checking point 9 by using a pressure-bearing water depth reduction formula.
The pressure water depth reduction formula is as follows:
in the formula,
s: depth reduction is carried out, and the unit is m;
h: initial thickness of the confined aquifer in m;
q: water inflow of foundation pit with unit of m3/d；
k: permeability coefficient in m/d;
r0: the equivalent radius of the foundation pit is m;
n: the number of dewatering wells is one;
xn: the calculated checking point 8 or the peripheral checking point 9 is the distance from the center of each dewatering well 4 in m.
Referring to fig. 1, the initial thickness H of the confined water aquifer is the distance of the initial head 1 from the bottom surface of the confined aquifer 3.
D, calculating the settlement amount of each checking point by using a relational formula of settlement and depth reduction;
the relationship between the settlement and the depth reduction is as follows:
in the formula: c, calculating the settlement of the point by check, wherein the unit is mm;
ψi-an empirical correction factor; selecting settlement experience correction coefficients according to a 54 page table 6.4.3 of technical specification of underground water control of urban construction engineering;
△hi-calculating the thickness of the i-th layer of soil at the point in m; the survey report is given;
Esi-compressive modulus of the i-th layer of soil in kPa; the compression modulus value of the pressure section from the dead weight stress of the soil to the sum of the dead weight stress and the additional load is taken; the survey report is given;
△pithe additional load of the point i applied to the midpoint of the ith layer of soil due to the water level change, namely the additional load of the midpoint of the confined water layer 2, is calculated in unit of kPa;
Δpi＝rws‘(H-0.5s’)/H
rw＝10。
step e, corresponding the obtained settlement amount c to the coordinates of the corresponding checking point 8 or the peripheral checking point 9, and listing the settlement amount c in a table according to the format of abscissa/ordinate/depth reduction; importing the data in the table into "surfer" software or other similar mapping software, generating sedimentation amount contour lines 12 and outputting a CAD format file, and importing the sedimentation amount contour lines 12 into a plan view containing the existing building 10 as shown in FIG. 5. The amount of settlement at each building 13 location can be directly observed from fig. 5.
Example two:
a method for checking and calculating the water level depth reduction of underground water adopts the steps a to c in the first embodiment to calculate the depth reduction S of each checking and calculating point 8, the obtained depth reduction S is corresponding to the coordinate of the corresponding checking and calculating point 8, and the obtained depth reduction S is listed in a table according to the format of horizontal coordinate/vertical coordinate/depth reduction; importing the data in the table into 'surfer' software or other similar mapping software, generating a depth-reducing contour line 11 and outputting a CAD format file; as shown in fig. 6, the depth-lowering contour line 11 is introduced into the plan view containing the newly-built underground building 7, and as can be seen from fig. 6, the contour line with the depth of 3.2m covers the whole range of the newly-built underground building 7, and the depth of the newly-built underground building is greater than the designed depth-lowering value s' of 2.8m, so that the arrangement scheme of the precipitation well 4 can meet the precipitation requirement in the range of the newly-built underground building 7. The method can directly observe whether the water level depth S at any position in the precipitation range can meet the design requirement, if not, the design scheme of the precipitation well 4 can be timely adjusted, the parameters related to the precipitation well 4 are reset, and the method is utilized to carry out checking calculation again.
Example three:
a construction method of a foundation pit is characterized in that before the foundation pit is excavated, the influence of confined water precipitation on the settlement of a building is predicted by adopting the method in the first embodiment. When the predicted value of the settlement exceeds the allowable settlement value of the building, the precipitation scheme is adjusted in time, and the steps are adopted for predicting again until the predicted settlement meets the requirements, so that the precipitation scheme can be implemented, a precipitation well is constructed, and a foundation pit is excavated.
By the method, the influence of the confined water precipitation on the building settlement is predicted before the foundation pit is excavated, so that the settlement is effectively controlled, the safety of the foundation pit excavation is improved, the calculation steps of the method are simple, and the checking and calculating efficiency can be improved.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of predicting the effect of confined water precipitation on the settlement of a building comprising the steps of:
step a, judging whether the dewatering well (4) is a confined water complete well, a confined water incomplete well or a confined-submersible complete well according to the geological profile and the design parameters of the dewatering well (4), selecting a corresponding calculation formula of the foundation pit water inflow amount, and calculating the foundation pit water inflow amount;
b, uniformly distributing a plurality of check points (8) along the periphery of the newly-built underground building (7), collecting coordinate data of each check point (8), and distributing the range of the newly-built underground building (7) needing rainfall, wherein the range of the newly-built underground building (7) needing rainfall is required to be covered by the check points (8);
step c, substituting the water inflow of the foundation pit into a pressure-bearing water depth reduction formula to calculate the depth reduction of each check point (8);
d, calculating the settlement amount of each checking point (8) by using a relational formula of settlement and depth reduction;
step e, generating a settlement contour line (12) according to the settlement of each checking point (8) and the coordinate data of the settlement and obtaining a CAD format file;
and f, leading the sedimentation amount contour line into a plan view containing the existing building (10).
2. The method of predicting the impact of confined water precipitation on building settlement according to claim 1, wherein: in the step a, when the dewatering well (4) is a confined water complete well, the foundation pit water inflow quantity Q is calculated by the following formula:
wherein,
q is the water inflow of the foundation pit;
k is the permeability coefficient;
m is the thickness of the bearing water-containing layer;
r is the precipitation influence radius;
r0the equivalent radius of the foundation pit;
s' is designed depth reduction;
radius of influence of precipitation。
3. The method of predicting the impact of confined water precipitation on building settlement according to claim 1, wherein: in the step a, when the dewatering well (4) is a confined water incomplete well, the foundation pit water inflow Q is calculated by the following formula:
wherein L is the filter length; the filter length refers to the length of the precipitation well 4 extending into the confined aquifer 3.
4. The method of predicting the impact of confined water precipitation on building settlement according to claim 1, wherein: in the step a, when the dewatering well (4) is a pressure-bearing-diving complete well, the foundation pit water inflow Q is calculated by the following formula:
h is the thickness of the residual confined aquifer after precipitation, namely the difference between the water level 2 after precipitation and the bottom elevation of the confined aquifer 3.
5. The method for predicting the influence of confined water precipitation on the settlement of a building as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the number of the checking points (8) is more than 8.
6. The method of predicting the impact of confined water precipitation on building settlement according to claim 5, wherein: and additionally arranging 4-8 peripheral checking points (9) in different directions except the precipitation influence radius, collecting coordinate data of the peripheral checking points (9), and performing the steps c, d and e as with other checking points (8).
7. The method of predicting the impact of confined water precipitation on building settlement according to claim 6, wherein: some of the points in the peripheral check points (9) are arranged at positions of the existing building (10) outside the precipitation influence radius.
8. The method of predicting the impact of confined water precipitation on building settlement according to claim 6, wherein: and in the step e, the settlement amount and the coordinate data of each checking point (8) are processed by adopting surfer software, a settlement amount contour line (12) is generated, and a CAD format file is obtained.
9. A method for checking and calculating the water level depth reduction of underground water is characterized by comprising the following steps: calculating the depth of each checking point (8) by adopting the steps a to c in the claim 1, generating a depth-reducing contour line (11) by utilizing the depth of each checking point (8) and the coordinate data thereof, and outputting a CAD format file; and (3) leading the depth-reducing contour lines (11) into a plan view containing the existing building (10) to judge whether the depth reduction within the range of the newly-built underground building (7) can meet the requirement of precipitation.
10. A construction method of a foundation pit is characterized in that: the method of claim 1 used to predict the effect of confined water precipitation on the settlement of a building prior to excavation of a pit.
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| CN114372314A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-19 | 上海市基础工程集团有限公司 | Method for predicting ground settlement caused by pressure reduction and precipitation |
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