CN101487273A - Method and equipment for determining bearing capacity of existing building foundation - Google Patents
Method and equipment for determining bearing capacity of existing building foundation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101487273A CN101487273A CNA2009103005557A CN200910300555A CN101487273A CN 101487273 A CN101487273 A CN 101487273A CN A2009103005557 A CNA2009103005557 A CN A2009103005557A CN 200910300555 A CN200910300555 A CN 200910300555A CN 101487273 A CN101487273 A CN 101487273A
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Abstract
A method and apparatus for confirming foundation bearing capacity of existing building, through the reconnaissance report of the existing building first, obtain the soil horizon distribution situation and distribution law under the existing building, need confirm the soil body B of the bearing capacity soil body A of foundation of existing building next door, make the levelling blanket on the bottom surface of pit of the soil body B, place the bearing plate, position the jack in the centre of the bearing plate, position girder, secondary beam and reaction unit sequentially above the jack, position the reference beam on both sides of girder, equipartition displacement transducer on the bearing plate, the displacement transducer is connected with signal of the tester of the sensor, the jack is connected with pressure transducer, the pressure transducer is connected with signal of the tester of holding; and (3) carrying out a loading test by using a loading tester, starting a loading stage when the test load reaches the base pressure, loading until the soil body is destroyed after loading, obtaining a P-S curve of the soil body B, simulating to obtain a P-S curve of the soil body A, and obtaining a bearing capacity characteristic value of the soil body A of the existing building foundation under the long-term action of the load from the P-S simulation curve of the soil body A.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and apparatus of the definite bearing capacity of foundation soil in the existing building strengthening reconstruction, is at building relatively more of a specified duration, the stable existing building of sedimentation of age, belonging to construction work ground and basic technology field.
Background technology
In the existing building strengthening reconstruction, at first the problem that will solve is that foundation soil is made correct evaluation.Yet compare during with original design, after building built up, a series of variation had taken place in foundation soil its character under action of long-term load.Must do comprehensive, correct evaluation to the proterties of whole foundation soil under the existing building again.Existing definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity method mainly contains on-the-spot load plate test method, computing method of formula, soil test method etc.On-the-spot load testing method is to generally acknowledge reliable method, but because of its high soil body of 30～50cm densification degree that must scoop away of under the existing building basis, doing experiment, very big to the load-carrying properties influence of the densification soil body.The size of bearing plate is bigger to the result of the test influence simultaneously, can not express the feature of existing building foundation soil fully.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of clear and definite method and apparatus of determining existing construction foundation bearing capacity reliably, solve that conventional art must be done static load test under the existing building basis, the soil body of the 30～50cm that will scoop away, influence the problem of existing building load-carrying properties, so that provide foundation for the reinforcing design on existing construction foundation basis.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of method of definite existing building bearing capacity of foundation soil is characterized in that following steps are arranged:
Step 4, carry a test instrument and carry out load test with holding, the suffered loading history of simulation existing building foundation soil construction phase, when trial load reaches the service load of existing building, promptly this moment, base pressure was P
AThe time till.
Step 5, begin to hold the stage of carrying, hold the stage of carrying and keep base pressure P always
AConstant, to hold the time of carrying and decide on soil mass property, simulate existing construction foundation soil and be subjected to the superstructure action of long-term load this moment, holds to have carried back continuation loading until the soil body destroys.
Step 7, according to the P-S curve of soil body B, according in the Code for design of building to the definition of characteristic value of foundation bearing capacity: the pairing force value of stipulating in the foundation soil pressure distortion curve linear deformation section that refers to measure of distortion by load test, its maximum value is the ratio limits value; The P-S curve that can obtain by test reload the pairing force value of distortion in the curve linear deformation stage as the characteristic load bearing capacity of existing construction foundation soil body A behind the load long term, its maximum value can be taken as the ratio limits value, simulation obtains the P-S curve of soil body A, draws the characteristic load bearing capacity of existing construction foundation soil body A behind the load long term.
In the described step 1,, replenish prospecting earlier if there is not the exploration report of existing building.
In the described step 2, soil body B is indoor or outdoor at existing building at existing building.
In the described step 3, leveling layer is coarse sands layer or middle layer of sand.
In the described step 3, the bottom width of bearing plate is the same with the bottom width size on existing building basis, and described bearing plate is cast in situs bearing plate or prefabricated bearing plate.
In the described step 3, counterforce device is to adopt on-the-spot preloading heap double recipe formula, for example can adopt sand pocket etc., perhaps beats the mode of ground anchor peg.
In the described step 4, load test is according to base pressure P
AHierarchical loading is after every grade of loading, by interval 10min, 10min, 10min, 15min, 15min, later on read the sedimentation deformation amount one time for surveying every half an hour, when in continuous two hours, sedimentation deformation amount hourly is during less than 0.1mm, then think and become stable, can add the next stage load.
In the described step 5, the time of carrying of holding of the grittiness soil body is no less than 15 days, and the time of carrying of holding of the viscosity soil body is no less than 25 days.
In the described step 7, according to year test P-S curve of holding that obtains, the desirable scope of the maximum value of existing construction foundation bearing capacity is f
A1～f
A2
A kind of equipment of definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity, it is characterized in that: be installed in the heatable adobe sleeping platform on existing building bearing capacity of foundation soil soil body A next door, on the bearing plate, jack is placed in the center of bearing plate, settle girder above the jack successively, secondary beam and counterforce device, the drag of jack promptly is provided, settle datum line beam in the bearing plate both sides, its displacement is not subjected to the variation of soil body B and changes, it is the benchmark of measuring the bearing plate displacement, on datum line beam, settle displacement transducer, the induction of signal of the displacement transducer end of popping one's head in is placed on the bearing plate, and the top is connected with sensor test instrument signal by lead, and jack is connected with pressure sensor, pressure sensor carries a test instrument signal and is connected with holding by lead, and holding a year test instrument has automatic benefit to carry function.
When determining existing construction foundation bearing capacity, with existing building under do to hold on the soil body of same nature and carry test, the P-S curve of obtaining after finishing according to test then, promptly load and displacement relation curve are determined characteristic value of foundation bearing capacity.
Above-mentioned holding carried test, is meant a kind of static load test, its can real simulation foundation soil the proterties situation of change of the foundation under the superstructure load during at the building course of existing building, between the operating period.Need to determine counter force system, loading system before the test and hold to carry instrument, load classification and hold a year counter-force size, hold the time of carrying or the like.
The above-mentioned mode that the test counter force system can adopt piled anchor or on-the-spot preloading of carrying of holding.
The above-mentioned year test loading system of holding can adopt hydraulic jack, needs to cooperate and hold the equipment of carrying, and holding a year instrument need have automatic benefit to carry function.
Above-mentioned loading classification can be with reference to the relevant regulations in the existing ground standard.
The above-mentioned year counter-force size of holding is preferably the base pressure of actual transfer to the basis that needs definite bearing capacity of foundation soil.
Above-mentioned holding the time of carrying, according to the difference of soil nature, suggestion is adopted: sandy soil is no less than 15 days, and cohesive soil is no less than 25 days.
The present invention compares with existing definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity method has following characteristics:
1, saving of work and time is laborsaving, saves the test funds.Do not destroy existing building, needn't do static load test under the existing building basis, the soil body of the below, existing building basis that needn't scoop away can not influence the existing building load-carrying properties.
2, this method has overcome the shortcoming that former method can not be considered the stress history influence of soil by holding to carry.
3, this method has adopted and the consistent bearing plate size of former basic floor space width, has overcome the uncertain factor of former method, is the clear and definite method reliably of comparison.
4, this method does not influence this existing building resident or work employee's correct life or work basically, and is simple to operate, easy to utilize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 determines that the existing construction foundation bearing capacity scene holds a method and apparatus schematic diagram that carries test;
Fig. 2 holds and carries test and regular loading test P-S curve contrast schematic diagram.
The 1--counterforce device, 2--secondary beam, 3--sensor test instrument, 4--datum line beam, 5--displacement transducer, 6--girder, 7--pressure sensor, 8--are held and are carried test instrument, 9--jack, 10--bearing plate, 11--soil body B, 12--terrace, 13--existing building basis, 14--soil body A.
Concrete operation method
Concrete operation method of the present invention is referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2.The method of this definite existing building bearing capacity of foundation soil has following steps:
Step 4, carry a test instrument and carry out load test with holding, the suffered loading history of simulation existing building foundation soil construction phase, when trial load reaches the existing building service load, i.e. base pressure P
AThe time till.
Step 5, begin to hold the stage of carrying, hold the stage of carrying and keep base pressure P always
AConstant, hold the time of carrying and decide on soil mass property, hold to have carried afterwards and be loaded into bearing plate destruction with jack.
Step 7, according to the P-S curve of soil body B (11), simulation obtains the P-S curve of soil body A (14), according in " Code for design of building " to the definition of characteristic value of foundation bearing capacity: the pairing force value of stipulating in the foundation soil pressure distortion curve linear deformation section that refers to be measured by load test of distortion, its maximum value is the ratio limits value.Can obtain the characteristic load bearing capacity of existing construction foundation soil body A (14) under the load long term.
In the described step 1,, replenish prospecting earlier if there is not the exploration report of existing building.
In the described step 2, soil body B (11) is indoor or outdoor at existing building at existing building.
In the described step 3, leveling layer is coarse sands layer or middle layer of sand.The bottom width of bearing plate (10) is consistent with the bottom width size of existing building basis (13), and described bearing plate (10) is a cast in situs bearing plate or prefabricated, and the bearing plate counterforce device is to adopt the mode that on-the-spot preloading heap is heavy or beat ground anchor peg.
In the described step 4, load test is according to base pressure P
AHierarchical loading is after every grade of loading, by interval 10min, 10min, 10min, 15min, 15min, later on read the sedimentation deformation amount one time for surveying every half an hour, when in continuous two hours, sedimentation deformation amount hourly is during less than 0.1mm, then think and become stable, can add the next stage load.
In the described step 5, the time of carrying of holding of the grittiness soil body is no less than 15 days, and the time of carrying of holding of the viscosity soil body is no less than 25 days.
In the described step 7, according to year test P-S curve of holding that obtains, the desirable scope of the maximum value of existing construction foundation bearing capacity is f
A1～f
A2
The equipment of this definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity, be installed in the heatable adobe sleeping platform on existing building bearing capacity of foundation soil soil body A (14) next door, on the bearing plate (10), jack (9) is placed in the center of bearing plate (10), settle girder (6) above the jack (9) successively, secondary beam (2) and counterforce device (1), settle datum line beam (4) in bearing plate (10) both sides, go up arrangement displacement transducer (5) at datum line beam (4), induction of signal one end at displacement transducer (5) is distributed on the bearing plate (10), the top is connected with sensor test instrument (3) signal by lead, be connected pressure sensor 7 with jack (9), pressure sensor (7) carries test instrument (a 8) signal and is connected with holding by lead, and holding a year test instrument has automatic benefit to carry function.
Its concrete operation method is as follows:
1, investigation existing building design data
By the exploration report of existing building, obtain the clay distribution situation and the regularity of distribution under the existing building.If there is not the exploration report of existing building, suggestion replenishes prospecting earlier.
Determining at needs that existing building basis (13) next door (can be indoor, also can be outdoor) of existing construction foundation bearing capacity is found distributes with existing building basis (13) soil body A (14) down and the soil body B (11) of layering situation basically identical.
Can obtain the base pressure P of actual transfer by the design data of superstructure to existing building basis (13)
A
2, load early-stage preparations
Find after the soil body B (11), hold a year testing equipment other arrangement of soil body B (11), its mounting method can be with reference to the content of the on-the-spot load test of routine.
Should be on plan pressure testing surface with coarse sand or middle layer of sand levelling, its thickness is no more than 20mm, and the floor space of bearing plate (10) should be elected the floor space size on existing building basis (13) as, can be cast in situs or employing precast plate.The mode that counterforce device (1) can adopt on-the-spot preloading or beat ground anchor peg according to actual conditions.The instrument that the collection of sensor test instrument (3) data can adopt compliant to require is such as the TDS-303 of TML research and development.Holding a year test instrument (8) need have automatic benefit to carry function, such as the JCQ-503E that can select the research and development of Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province construction work research institute for use.
3, load test
On foundation soil (11), do the load test of simulation existing construction foundation soil load-bearing history.Can be with reference to the content of relevant plate in general static load test and " Code for design of building ".Particularly:
A), according to base pressure P
A, formulate and load classification.After every grade of loading, by interval 10min, 10min, 10min, 15min, 15min, later on for survey the sedimentation deformation amount of reading a time every half an hour, when in continuous two hours, sedimentation deformation amount hourly is then thought and has been become stable during less than 0.1mm, can add the next stage load.
B), when being loaded into base pressure P
AThe time, begin to hold the test in the stage of carrying, promptly keeping base pressure is P always
AConstant, hold the time of carrying suggestion: sandy soil is no less than 15 days, and cohesive soil is no less than 25 days.Hold after having carried by the explanation in a) and continue to load, be loaded into destruction always.
4, determine existing construction foundation bearing capacity
Carry test according to holding, can obtain the P-S curve.The desirable scope of the maximum value of existing construction foundation bearing capacity is f
A1～f
A2
Claims (10)
- The method of [claim 1] a kind of definite existing building bearing capacity of foundation soil is characterized in that following steps are arranged:Step 1, investigation existing building design data by the exploration report of existing building, obtain the existing building below clay distribution situation and the regularity of distribution, and the design data by superstructure obtains the base pressure PA of actual transfer to existing building basis (13);Step 2, determine that at need the next door of existing building bearing capacity of foundation soil soil body A (14) selects the soil body B (11) with its clay distribution situation and regularity of distribution basically identical;Step 3, on soil body B (11), dig the degree of depth hole body identical with the existing building ground degree of depth, basal surface is done the leveling layer that thickness is no more than 20mm in the hole, on leveling layer, place bearing plate (10), settle jack (9) at bearing plate (10) center, settle girder (6) above the jack (9) successively, secondary beam (2) and counterforce device (1), settle datum line beam (4) in bearing plate (10) both sides, go up arrangement displacement transducer (5) at datum line beam (4), the induction of signal probe of displacement transducer (5) is distributed on the bearing plate (10), and the top is connected with sensor test instrument (3) signal by lead, jack (9) is connected with pressure sensor (7), pressure sensor (7) is connected with year test instrument (8) signal of holding that has automatic benefit to carry function by lead, and whole loading system is carried test instrument control by holding;Step 4, carry a test instrument (8) and carry out load test with holding, the suffered loading history of simulation existing building foundation soil construction phase, when trial load reaches the service load of existing building, when promptly this moment, base pressure was PA till;Step 5, begin to hold the stage of carrying, holding the stage of carrying, to keep base pressure PA constant always, holds the time of carrying and decide on soil mass property, and simulate existing construction foundation soil and be subjected to the superstructure action of long-term load this moment, holds to have carried the back and continue loading up to soil body destruction;Step 6, carry a test instrument (8) and sensor test instrument (a 7) experimental data, obtain load and the displacement relation curve of soil body B (11), can obtain the P-S curve of soil body B (11) by holding of duration of test record;Step 7, according to the P-S curve of soil body B, according in " Code for design of building " to the definition of characteristic value of foundation bearing capacity: the pairing force value of stipulating in the foundation soil pressure distortion curve linear deformation section that refers to measure of distortion by load test, its maximum value is the ratio limits value; The P-S curve that can obtain by test reload the pairing force value of distortion in the curve linear deformation stage as the characteristic load bearing capacity of existing construction foundation soil body A behind the load long term, its maximum value can be taken as the ratio limits value, simulation obtains the P-S curve of soil body A, draws the characteristic load bearing capacity of existing construction foundation soil body A behind the load long term.
- The method of [claim 2] definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described step 1, if there is not the exploration report of existing building, replenish prospecting earlier.
- The method of [claim 3] definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described step 2, soil body B is indoor or outdoor at existing building at existing building.
- The method of [claim 4] definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described step 3, leveling layer is coarse sands layer or middle layer of sand.
- The method of [claim 5] definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step 3, the bottom width consistent size of the floor space of bearing plate (10) and existing building basis (13), described bearing plate (10) are cast in situs bearing plate or prefabricated bearing plate.
- The method of [claim 6] definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described step 3, counterforce device is to adopt the mode that on-the-spot preloading heap is heavy or beat ground anchor peg.
- The method of [claim 7] definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step 4, load test is according to base pressure PA hierarchical loading, after every grade of loading, by interval 10min, 10min, 10min, 15min, 15min, later on for survey the sedimentation deformation amount of reading a time every half an hour, when in continuous two hours, sedimentation deformation amount hourly is then thought and has been become stable during less than 0.1mm, can add the next stage load.
- The method of [claim 8] definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described step 5, the time of carrying of holding of the grittiness soil body is no less than 15 days, and the time of carrying of holding of the viscosity soil body is no less than 25 days.
- The method of [claim 9] definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described step 7, according to year test P-S curve of holding that obtains, the desirable scope of the maximum value of existing construction foundation bearing capacity is fa1～fa2.
- The equipment of [claim 10] a kind of definite existing construction foundation bearing capacity, it is characterized in that: be installed in the heatable adobe sleeping platform on existing building bearing capacity of foundation soil soil body A next door, on the bearing plate (10), jack (9) is placed in the center of bearing plate (10), settle girder (6) above the jack (9) successively, secondary beam (2) and counterforce device (1), settle datum line beam (4) in bearing plate (10) both sides, uniform displacement transducer (5) around bearing plate (10), be connected pressure sensor (7) with jack (9), displacement transducer (5) is connected with sensor test instrument (3) signal by lead, pressure sensor (7) carries test instrument (a 8) signal and is connected with holding by lead, and holding a year test instrument (8) has automatic benefit to carry function.
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| CN104535420B (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2017-06-06 | 西南交通大学 | The method of railway bed soil deformation state load threshold value under measure static load |
| CN104535420A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-22 | 西南交通大学 | Method for measuring load threshold value of soil deformation state of railroad bed under static load |
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