CN108126850A - 智能喷漆机器人系统 - Google Patents

智能喷漆机器人系统 Download PDF

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CN108126850A
CN108126850A CN201711474469.9A CN201711474469A CN108126850A CN 108126850 A CN108126850 A CN 108126850A CN 201711474469 A CN201711474469 A CN 201711474469A CN 108126850 A CN108126850 A CN 108126850A
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spray
robot
mounting base
shell
paint
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CN108126850B (zh
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毕克东
覃超萍
崔龙
李文涛
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DALIAN NEWSTAR TOOL MANUFACTURE Co Ltd
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DALIAN NEWSTAR TOOL MANUFACTURE Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711474469.9A priority Critical patent/CN108126850B/zh
Publication of CN108126850A publication Critical patent/CN108126850A/zh
Priority to EP18895627.0A priority patent/EP3725420B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2018/105676 priority patent/WO2019128315A1/zh
Priority to US16/914,452 priority patent/US11453130B2/en
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    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J11/00Manipulators not otherwise provided for
    • B25J11/0075Manipulators for painting or coating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B05B12/08Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/12Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
    • B05B12/122Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to presence or shape of target
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0431Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with spray heads moved by robots or articulated arms, e.g. for applying liquid or other fluent material to 3D-surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0447Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
    • B05B13/0452Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles the conveyed articles being vehicle bodies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J13/00Controls for manipulators
    • B25J13/08Controls for manipulators by means of sensing devices, e.g. viewing or touching devices
    • B25J13/088Controls for manipulators by means of sensing devices, e.g. viewing or touching devices with position, velocity or acceleration sensors
    • B25J13/089Determining the position of the robot with reference to its environment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J15/00Gripping heads and other end effectors
    • B25J15/0019End effectors other than grippers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J19/00Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
    • B25J19/0075Means for protecting the manipulator from its environment or vice versa
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/08Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by modular constructions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/10Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
    • B25J9/102Gears specially adapted therefor, e.g. reduction gears
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/16Programme controls
    • B25J9/1656Programme controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators
    • B25J9/1664Programme controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators characterised by motion, path, trajectory planning
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/16Programme controls
    • B25J9/1694Programme controls characterised by use of sensors other than normal servo-feedback from position, speed or acceleration sensors, perception control, multi-sensor controlled systems, sensor fusion
    • B25J9/1697Vision controlled systems
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06T17/00Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
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    • G06T7/70Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
    • G06T7/73Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras using feature-based methods
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/80Analysis of captured images to determine intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameters, i.e. camera calibration
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/2402Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device
    • B05B7/2405Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device using an atomising fluid as carrying fluid for feeding, e.g. by suction or pressure, a carried liquid from the container to the nozzle
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
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    • G06T2207/10028Range image; Depth image; 3D point clouds

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Geometry (AREA)
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  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

智能喷漆机器人系统,机器人的下端有底座,机器人与控制器相接,控制器与处理器相接,外理器与深度相机相接,机器人上端通过法兰盘与连接轴一端相接,连接轴另一端接有安装座,喷漆装置的安装轴插入安装座内部上下方向设置的长孔内,安装座一侧有对喷漆装置的安装轴进行定位的第一定位螺栓,在安装座的另一侧通过销轴与限位臂的一端转动连接,限位臂的另一端连接有限位轴,限位轴支撑在喷漆装置的安装轴处,限位臂的中部与安装座之间有第二定位螺栓,与气动装置相接的气缸固定安装在安装座上,与气缸相配的活塞杆的外端头通过连接件与拨动杆相接,拨动杆与喷漆装置上的板机相配。具有安全可靠,省时省力,节能环保,降低产生成本的优点。

Description

智能喷漆机器人系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种喷漆设备,特别是一种车身喷漆的智能喷漆机器人系统。
背景技术
目前车身喷漆的方式主要有两种:1、传统的手动喷漆;2、机器人自动喷漆。传统的手动喷漆主要用于汽车的维修行业,其缺点:1、成本高;2效率低;3对操作者的健康有一定的危害。在整车生产环节多用机器人自动喷漆方式,机器人自动喷漆方式在汽车生产线上最为成熟,但是不适合于汽车的维修行业。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种结构相对简单、适合于汽车维修行业、成本低、操控性好、安全可靠、喷漆效率高的智能喷漆机器人系统,以满足汽车维修行业喷漆需要。
本发明的智能喷漆机器人系统,包括机器人,在机器人的下端设有底座,机器人与控制器相接,控制器与处理器相接,外理器与深度相机相接,在机器人的上端通过法兰盘与连接轴的一端相接,连接轴的另一端接有安装座,喷漆装置的安装轴插入所述的安装座内部上下方向设置的长孔内,在安装座的一侧设有对喷漆装置的安装轴进行定位的第一定位螺栓,在安装座的另一侧通过销轴与限位臂的一端转动连接,限位臂的另一端连接有限位轴,限位轴支撑在喷漆装置的安装轴处,在限位臂的中部与安装座之间设有第二定位螺栓,与气动装置相接的气缸固定安装在安装座上,与气缸相配的活塞杆的外端头通过连接件与拨动杆相接,拨动杆与喷漆装置上的板机相配;所述的机器人为防爆机器人。
所述的处理器首先通过深度相机获取汽车喷漆维修区域的三维点云模型,对三维点云数据进行去噪、平滑等预处理,然后通过一整套算法提取三维点云数据特征点,进而计算喷漆机器人的喷漆运动轨迹。同时,需标定深度相机坐标系与喷漆机器人坐标系的相对位置关系,最后控制喷漆机器人沿着自动规划的运动轨迹进行运动并完成喷漆。
所述的机器人为目前最新的智能模块化机器人。
所述的防爆机器人具有防爆关节,所述的防爆关节包括位于内部的电机和减速器,在电机和减速器的外侧有外壳,所述的外壳包括第一外壳、第二外壳和第三外壳,第一外壳的端口与第一中间法兰固定连接,在第一外壳和第一中间法兰之间设有第一密封圈;第一中间法兰外侧套装有防尘圈,防尘圈的端头与第二中间法兰的一侧固定连接,第二中间法兰的另一侧与第二外壳的一端固定连接,在第二中间法兰和第二外壳之间设有第二密封圈,第二外壳的另一端固定连接有第三外壳,第二外壳与第三外壳之间设有第三密封圈。
本发明的智能喷漆机器人系统,能够满足汽车维修喷漆要求,并达到手动喷漆效果,保证了喷漆质量,提高了工作效率,如用于4s店,可明显提升4s店整体服务水平,降低了操作人员的劳动强度,使操作人员远离漆雾区域,保证了操作人员的身心健康,安全可靠,省时省力,节能,降低产生成本。
附图说明
图1是本发明具体实施方式的结构示意图;
图2是图1所示的A部放大示意图;
图3是本发明中防爆机器人关节结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1、2所示:本发明的智能喷漆机器人系统,包括机器人1,机器人1选用模块化第五代机器人。在机器人1的下端设有底座2,安装时通过底座2和地脚螺栓将机器人1固定安装于基础上。
机器人1与控制器4相接,控制器4与处理器8相接,外理器8与深度相机3相接。
在机器人1的上端通过法兰盘7与连接轴9的一端相接,连接轴9的另一端固定连接有安装座6。
接有储漆筒5的喷漆装置18的安装轴插入安装座6内部上下方向设置的长孔内,在安装座6的一侧设有对喷漆装置18的安装轴进行定位的第一定位螺栓10,第一定位螺栓10与安装座6螺纹连接,第一定位螺栓10的内端头顶入喷漆装置18的安装轴上的凹坑内,使喷漆装置18的安装轴可相对于安装座6转动。在安装座6的另一侧通过销轴19与限位臂15的一端转动连接,限位臂15的另一端连接有限位轴20,限位轴20支撑在喷漆装置18的安装轴处,用于对喷漆装置18的安装轴进行支撑,即支撑了整个喷漆装置18。在限位臂15的中部与安装座6之间设有第二定位螺栓16,第二定位螺栓16内端头顶靠在安装座6侧面上的凹槽内,使限位臂15相对于安装座6相对固定,第二定位螺栓16上可套装有复位弹簧,向外侧拉动第二定位螺栓16时,克服复位弹簧的弹力,使第二定位螺栓16的内端头离开安装座6侧面上的凹槽,松开时,在复位弹簧作用下第二定位螺栓16内端头自动顶靠在安装座6侧面上的凹槽内,限位臂15通过限位轴20可对喷漆装置18进行支撑,拉开第二定位螺栓16时,可解除对喷漆装置18的支撑,喷漆装置18可相对于安装座6摆动。
与气动装置相接的气缸17固定安装在安装座6上,与气缸17相配的活塞杆11的外端头通过连接件12与拨动杆13相接,拨动杆13与喷漆装置18上的板机21相配,气缸17带动活塞杆13回缩时,可通过拨动杆13下压板机21,使喷漆装置18自喷漆口14喷漆。其中喷漆装置18为常用的手动喷漆装置。机器人1为目前最新智能模块化机器人。机器人1为防爆机器人,机器人1工作时,可向各关节处通入空气,保证运行时的防爆。
如图3所示:所述的防爆机器人具有防爆关节,防爆关节包括位于内部的电机34和减速器35以及第三法兰36、电控元件33。在电机34和减速器35以及第三法兰36、电控元件33的外侧有外壳,外壳包括第一外壳22、第二外壳29和第三外壳31,第一外壳22的端口与第一中间法兰24固定连接,在第一外壳22和第一中间法兰24之间设有第一密封圈23;第一中间法兰24外侧套装有防尘圈25,防尘圈25的端头与第二中间法兰27的一侧固定连接,第二中间法兰27的另一侧与第二外壳29的一端固定连接,在第二中间法兰27和第二外壳29之间设有第二密封圈28,第二外壳29的另一端固定连接有第三外壳31,第二外壳29与第三外壳31之间设有第三密封圈30。防爆关节的正压进气孔32设有第三外壳31上,出气孔37设在第一外壳22上。
工作过程:本发明将深度相机安装在喷漆机器人底盘处。处理器8首先通过深度相机3获取汽车喷漆维修区域的三维点云模型,对三维点云数据进行去噪、平滑等预处理,然后通过一整套算法提取三维点云数据特征点,进而计算喷漆机器人的喷漆运动轨迹并标定深度相机坐标系与喷漆机器人1坐标系的相对位置关系(即统一坐标系),最后控制喷漆机器人沿着自动规划的运动轨迹进行匀速运动并通过控制器4控制气动装置,带动气缸17、板机21动作,完成喷漆。具有安全可靠,省时省力,节能环保,降低产生成本的优点。

Claims (4)

1.一种智能喷漆机器人系统,其特征在于:包括机器人(1),在机器人(1)的下端设有底座(2),机器人(1)与控制器(4)相接,控制器(4)与处理器(8)相接,外理器(8)与深度相机(3)相接,在机器人(1)的上端通过法兰盘(7)与连接轴(9)的一端相接,连接轴(9)的另一端接有安装座(6),喷漆装置(18)的安装轴插入所述的安装座(6)内部上下方向设置的长孔内,在安装座(6)的一侧设有对喷漆装置(18)的安装轴进行定位的第一定位螺栓(10),在安装座(6)的另一侧通过销轴(19)与限位臂(15)的一端转动连接,限位臂(15)的另一端连接有限位轴(20),限位轴(20)支撑在喷漆装置(18)的安装轴处,在限位臂(15)的中部与安装座(6)之间设有第二定位螺栓(16),与气动装置相接的气缸(17)固定安装在安装座(6)上,与气缸(17)相配的活塞杆(11)的外端头通过连接件(12)与拨动杆(13)相接,拨动杆(13)与喷漆装置(18)上的板机(21)相配;所述的机器人(1)为防爆机器人。
2.根据权利要求1所述的智能喷漆机器人系统,其特征在于:所述的处理器(8)首先通过深度相机(3)获取汽车喷漆维修区域的三维点云模型,对三维点云数据进行去噪、平滑等预处理,然后通过一整套算法提取三维点云数据特征点,进而计算喷漆机器人的喷漆运动轨迹;
同时,需标定深度相机(3)坐标系与喷漆机器人坐标系的相对位置关系,最后控制喷漆机器人沿着自动规划的运动轨迹进行运动并完成喷漆。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的智能喷漆机器人系统,其特征在于:所述的机器人(1)为目前最新的智能模块化机器人。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的智能喷漆机器人系统,其特征在于:所述的防爆机器人(1)具有防爆关节,所述的防爆关节包括位于内部的电机(34)和减速器(35),在电机(34)和减速器(35)的外侧有外壳,所述的外壳包括第一外壳(22)、第二外壳(29)和第三外壳(31),第一外壳(22)的端口与第一中间法兰(24)固定连接,在第一外壳(22)和第一中间法兰(24)之间设有第一密封圈(23);第一中间法兰(24)外侧套装有防尘圈(25),防尘圈(25)的端头与第二中间法兰(27)的一侧固定连接,第二中间法兰(27)的另一侧与第二外壳(29)的一端固定连接,在第二中间法兰(27)和第二外壳(29)之间设有第二密封圈(28),第二外壳(29)的另一端固定连接有第三外壳(31),第二外壳(29)与第三外壳(31)之间设有第三密封圈(30)。
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