CN1081111C - 涂覆磨具 - Google Patents

涂覆磨具 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1081111C
CN1081111C CN95196020A CN95196020A CN1081111C CN 1081111 C CN1081111 C CN 1081111C CN 95196020 A CN95196020 A CN 95196020A CN 95196020 A CN95196020 A CN 95196020A CN 1081111 C CN1081111 C CN 1081111C
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Prior art keywords
abrasive
unit
particle
tool
coated
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN95196020A
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CN1162284A (zh
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R·G·凯利
G·J·卡德斯
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Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc
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Norton Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
    • B24D13/14—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
    • B24D13/02—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by their periphery
    • B24D13/10—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by their periphery comprising assemblies of brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
    • B24D13/14—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face
    • B24D13/145—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face having a brush-like working surface

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)

Abstract

可用背衬材料和许多个磨料单元制造涂覆磨具，这些磨料单元含有粘着于基衬材料的磨料颗粒，可按预定方式牢固地粘着于背衬材料上。

Description

涂覆磨具
发明背景
本发明涉及涂覆磨具，它们可通过容易的自动化生产方法非常简单地进行重复生产。
在常规的制造磨具的方法中，先制备背衬，然后涂上初始结合树脂(makerresin)涂层，随后部分固化该树脂涂层，再在上面沉积一层磨料颗粒。接着固化该初始结合涂层，在磨料颗粒上再涂一层粘合剂涂层(称为胶结涂层)。
磨料颗粒或者通过重力涂覆法，或者通过静电法进行涂覆。在静电法中，颗粒被静电力推向待涂覆的表面。这被称为UP涂覆技术。
在这些方法中，获得的产品一般是卷材形式，再被切成盘或片，其中某些可制成带。很明显，这种方法意味着同时产生大量的废料。尤其当颗粒成本是产品总成本的主要组成因素时，希望避免产生这样的废料。
已提出了有效地使用颗粒，例如在SU-A-1509240中，公开了一种磨具，它有多个磨料单元，每个单元具有许多磨料颗粒，单元以预定方式粘着于背衬材料上。
在最近数年中，已开发了新型颗粒。该颗粒为丝状颗粒形式，具有大体均一的横截面形状，而且其垂直于该横截面的长度至少等长于横截面的最大尺度。一种形式的这类颗粒是用溶胶凝胶法氧化铝(sol-gelalumina)绕制成丝状颗粒，然后干燥并烧结形成非常有效的磨料颗粒。这种颗粒在美国专利5,009,676中有描述，而用这种颗粒生产的涂覆磨具在美国专利5,103,598中有描述。
现在发现，含有磨料颗粒尤其是丝状磨料颗粒的涂覆磨具可以用非常灵活和有效的方法获得，这样便可以使涂覆磨具按具体应用的要求进行制造。使用这种制法可使颗粒浪费最少，而且所用颗粒所针对的利用效率最大。
使用本发明还可以避免这样的危险：即在粘合剂硬化到可以固定丝状颗粒取向的程度之前，沉积在基材上的丝状颗粒可能处于偏离所需取向的位置。
发明描述
本发明提供了一种涂覆磨具，它具有许多个磨料单元，每个单元具有一个基衬和许多磨料颗粒，每个颗粒都通过其端点粘着于基衬的一个表面上，这些单元以预定的方式粘于背衬材料。
基衬可以为任何合适的形状，但是一般而言圆盘形是很令人满意的。然而，方形、菱形、椭圆形、甚至不规则的盘形都可以作为这种单元的形状。
磨料颗粒可以是任何类型的颗粒，包括熔凝法和溶胶凝胶法氧化铝、氧化铝—氧化锆、碳化硅、石榴石等。颗粒可以是任何所需的形状，如预定的同样形状或不规则形状。然而，它们的大小经常需要较为均匀，适合相同的磨粒级别。由于磨粒的使用方式，所以颗粒的一个方向上的长度显著大于其他方向上的长度通常是较佳的。这样的颗粒被称为具有“弱形”。“弱形”或者通过其形成过程产生，或者通过压碎较大的磨料材料而产生。对于实施本发明，一种特别有利的磨料颗粒形式是丝状磨料颗粒。这种颗粒，当其用于本发明时，最好基本上长度相同，这样远离基衬表面的远端与表面之间的距离便相同。然而，在某些情况下，长度不同可能有某些好处。
制备磨料颗粒的优选材料是溶胶凝胶法氧化铝。制造这种溶胶凝胶法氧化铝的方法描述于USPP4,314,827；4,623,364；4,770,671；4,788,167；4,848,041；4,881,951；5,076；815；5,139,978；5,185,299；5,203,884；5,204,300；5,219,806；5,236,471；和其他文献中。
用于制造基衬的材料可以是用于制造磨料颗粒的相同材料。因此，在产品具有溶胶凝胶法氧化铝丝状磨料颗粒的情况下，基衬和丝状颗粒可同时在一个操作过程(比如模制或浇铸操作中产生。)或者，可将每个丝状颗粒的一端置于未固化的溶胶凝胶法氧化铝盘中，然后在丝状颗粒在位的情况下进行干燥并烧结，形成氧化铝基衬。这样丝状磨料颗粒与基衬在化学组成上相同而且颗粒生根于基衬中。
或者，可使用在制造涂覆磨具中常用作粘合剂的材料来制造基衬。因此这可以是酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、可辐射固化的聚氨酯(包括改性的聚氨酯)、蜜胺甲醛树脂、脲甲醛树脂等。可以方便地选择这类基衬，以便与采用本发明的磨粒单元生产涂覆磨具的过程中所使用的粘合剂相匹配。
另一种例子是用纤维材料制造基衬，然后用可固化的树脂制剂进行浸渍。当树脂凝固时，纤维有助于保持丝状颗粒的竖直取向。
除了上述的例子外，基衬还可以用玻璃质材料或金属制造，只要形成这类基衬的温度低于磨料颗粒性能受到明显影响的温度。
本发明的磨料单元可用于任何适当形式的涂覆磨具。然而一般当单元用于制造研磨盘时，可获得最大的优点。在这种情况下，最好用圆盘形式的基衬(其直径比研磨盘的直径小约40％，更佳小约25％)形成单元。这些单元可在研磨盘呈环状排列以便提供最多的可用研磨表面。在研磨盘上可以是两层或多层环状排形的单元，其中一个环在另一个环之内，有时相邻两环的单元在径向上可以错位(不对齐)。
附图描述
图1是本发明磨料单元的横截面图。
图2是采用本发明磨料单元的研磨盘的平面图。
本发明优选例子的描述
现在结合附图描述本发明，这些附图仅用于阐述目的，它们对本发明的范围不作任何必要限制。
参见附图，磨料单元1含有基衬2和许多根丝状颗粒3，每个颗粒的一端固定在基衬上。图2显示，图1所示的单元在研磨盘5的表面上排列成2个同心圆环，研磨盘5具有一个中央固定位置5。
在附图中所示的本发明这个具体例子中，在圆形模具中制备酚醛树脂，而丝状磨料颗粒则UP涂覆于树脂表面，然后令树脂固化直至在尺寸上固定，形成适用于本发明的磨料单元。这些丝状法料颗粒是用美国专利5,090,968中所述方法，由引晶溶胶凝胶法氧化铝形成，颗粒长度为4毫米，直径为0.5毫米。
再将数个这样的单元置于用初始结合涂料涂覆的纺织纤维背衬材料上。初始结合涂料是与形成单元基衬所用的酚醛树脂相同的酚醛树脂。如图2所示，这些单元在研磨盘上排列成同心的几个环。然后固化初始结合涂层树脂，在磨料单元上再涂以胶结涂层固化之。
这样形成的研磨盘是可用于各种研磨用途的有效工具。

Claims (8)

1.一种涂覆磨具，其特征在于，它具有许多个磨料单元，每个单元具有基衬和许多磨料颗粒，每个颗粒的一端粘着于基衬的一个表面上，这些单元以预定的方式粘着于背衬材料上。
2.如权利要求1所述的涂覆磨具，其特征在于，磨料单元具有圆盘形的基衬。
3.如权利要求1所述的涂覆磨具，其特征在于，基衬是用与磨料颗粒相同的材料制成的。
4.如权利要求1所述的涂覆磨具，其特征在于，该磨具为盘状，在盘的上面磨料单元排列成一个或多个同心环。
5.如权利要求1所述的涂覆磨具，其特征在于，磨料颗粒由溶胶凝胶法氧化铝形成。
6.如权利要求5所述的涂覆磨具，其特征在于，溶胶凝胶法氧化铝是引晶的溶胶凝胶法氧化铝。
7.如权利要求1所述的涂覆磨具，其特征在于，磨粒颗粒是丝状磨料颗粒。
8.如权利要求4所述的涂覆磨具，其特征在于，每个单元具有基衬和许多引晶溶胶凝胶氧化铝丝状磨料颗粒，这些单元以许多同心环的方式粘着于背衬材料上。
CN95196020A 1994-11-09 1995-08-09 涂覆磨具 Expired - Fee Related CN1081111C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/336,729 US5525100A (en) 1994-11-09 1994-11-09 Abrasive products
US08/336,729 1994-11-09

Publications (2)

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CN1162284A CN1162284A (zh) 1997-10-15
CN1081111C true CN1081111C (zh) 2002-03-20

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US (1) US5525100A (zh)
EP (1) EP0790880B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3061198B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100280064B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1081111C (zh)
AT (1) ATE189871T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU682126B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR9509602A (zh)
CZ (1) CZ285516B6 (zh)
DE (1) DE69515180T2 (zh)
FI (1) FI971965A0 (zh)
MX (1) MX9703387A (zh)
NZ (1) NZ291602A (zh)
RU (1) RU2139786C1 (zh)
TW (1) TW295561B (zh)
WO (1) WO1996014964A1 (zh)

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CZ130897A3 (en) 1997-08-13
AU682126B2 (en) 1997-09-18
FI971965A (fi) 1997-05-07
FI971965A0 (fi) 1997-05-07
DE69515180D1 (de) 2000-03-30
CN1162284A (zh) 1997-10-15
EP0790880A1 (en) 1997-08-27
KR970706944A (ko) 1997-12-01
KR100280064B1 (ko) 2002-06-27
NZ291602A (en) 1997-09-22
US5525100A (en) 1996-06-11
BR9509602A (pt) 1997-09-16
MX9703387A (es) 1997-08-30
DE69515180T2 (de) 2000-11-23
ATE189871T1 (de) 2000-03-15
WO1996014964A1 (en) 1996-05-23
JP3061198B2 (ja) 2000-07-10
JPH09512756A (ja) 1997-12-22
TW295561B (zh) 1997-01-11
EP0790880B1 (en) 2000-02-23
AU3278695A (en) 1996-06-06
RU2139786C1 (ru) 1999-10-20
CZ285516B6 (cs) 1999-08-11

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