CN108103867A - A kind of hangar tunnel formula antiskid structure and construction method with roadnet - Google Patents
A kind of hangar tunnel formula antiskid structure and construction method with roadnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN108103867A CN108103867A CN201810000388.3A CN201810000388A CN108103867A CN 108103867 A CN108103867 A CN 108103867A CN 201810000388 A CN201810000388 A CN 201810000388A CN 108103867 A CN108103867 A CN 108103867A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
- E01C1/002—Design or lay-out of roads, e.g. street systems, cross-sections ; Design for noise abatement, e.g. sunken road
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/04—Foundations produced by soil stabilisation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
- E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
- E01F7/045—Devices specially adapted for protecting against falling rocks, e.g. galleries, nets, rock traps
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/207—Securing of slopes or inclines with means incorporating sheet piles or piles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
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Abstract
一种带有道路系统的棚洞式抗滑结构及施工方法,属于道路工程技术领域,包括抗滑结构、矩形单跨槽型路面板、板墙和棚面防护结构;抗滑结构呈H形,横梁的一端与下方的第二类变截面抗滑桩的变截面处整体浇筑,另一端面通过单向滑动连接与上方的第一类变截面抗滑桩的桩身相连;斜坡体上方的板墙卡在相邻的变截面抗滑桩的凹槽内;矩形单跨槽型路面板支撑在横梁上;棚面防护结构与抗滑桩顶为弹性转动连接。本发明不仅避免了在滑坡体上修建道路时大量的土方工程,而且解决了运行期间滑坡体对道路的扰动及危害;结构简单,安全可靠,具有良好的经济效果。
A shed-cave anti-sliding structure with a road system and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of road engineering, including an anti-sliding structure, a rectangular single-span grooved road slab, a slab wall and a shed surface protection structure; the anti-sliding structure is H-shaped , one end of the beam is integrally poured with the variable section of the second type of variable section anti-slide pile below, and the other end is connected with the pile body of the first type of variable section anti-slide pile above through a one-way sliding connection; The slab wall is stuck in the groove of the adjacent variable-section anti-slide pile; the rectangular single-span groove-shaped road slab is supported on the beam; the protective structure of the shed surface is elastically connected to the top of the anti-slide pile. The invention not only avoids a large amount of earthworks when building roads on the landslide body, but also solves the disturbance and harm to the road caused by the landslide body during operation; the structure is simple, safe and reliable, and has good economic effect.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于道路工程技术领域,具体涉及带有道路系统的棚洞式抗滑结构技术。The invention belongs to the technical field of road engineering, and in particular relates to the shed-cave anti-skid structure technology with a road system.
背景技术Background technique
在山区道路工程设计中,由于特殊的地形和地质环境,经常会遇到滑坡地段。往往对危害较大的滑坡经过方案比选而合理地采取绕避措施。但若经过充分的方案比选后,绕行代价太大,宜考虑对滑坡进行整治。现有技术中,在滑坡地区修建道路,一般先对滑坡进行处治,处治滑坡多采用清除滑坡体、治理地表水和地下水、减重反压以及设置支挡结构等措施。对于大型滑坡体,上述治理措施施工量大,花费高,不经济也不合理。因此,出现了采用抗滑桩处治滑坡的道路。如申请号为201620242141.9的专利公开了结合h型抗滑桩处治滑坡的悬挑结构道路,避免了在滑坡体上高填深挖,大大降低了填挖方工程量。然而将道路与抗滑桩结合成整体,路面在受到行车荷载时,会对下方的抗滑桩产生扰动,进而影响到滑坡体上的不稳定土层,造成不稳定土层的滑动。这种结合抗滑桩的道路仍具有潜在的安全隐患。而且,滑坡体上的滚石也会对道路通行产生很大影响,危害人员安全,造成经济损失。In the engineering design of mountainous roads, due to the special terrain and geological environment, landslides are often encountered. Usually, avoidance measures are reasonably taken for landslides with greater hazards through program comparison and selection. However, if the cost of detour is too high after full program comparison and selection, it is advisable to consider landslide rectification. In the prior art, when building roads in landslide areas, landslides are generally treated first, and landslides are often treated by removing landslides, controlling surface water and groundwater, reducing weight and backpressure, and setting support structures. For large-scale landslides, the above-mentioned treatment measures require a large amount of construction, high cost, uneconomical and unreasonable. Therefore, roads using anti-slide piles to deal with landslides have appeared. For example, the patent application No. 201620242141.9 discloses a cantilevered structure road combined with h-type anti-slide piles to treat landslides, which avoids high filling and deep excavation on the landslide body, and greatly reduces the amount of filling and excavation. However, if the road and anti-slide piles are integrated, when the road surface is subjected to traffic loads, it will disturb the anti-slide piles below, which will affect the unstable soil layer on the landslide body and cause the unstable soil layer to slide. Such roads combined with anti-slide piles still have potential safety hazards. Moreover, the rolling stones on the landslide body will also have a great impact on road traffic, endangering the safety of personnel and causing economic losses.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种带有道路系统的棚洞式抗滑结构及施工方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a shed cave type anti-skid structure with a road system and a construction method.
本发明是一种带有道路系统的棚洞式抗滑结构及施工方法,带有道路系统的棚洞式抗滑结构,包括抗滑结构、矩形单跨槽型路面板7、板墙4、棚面防护结构8;抗滑结构的形状为H形,由第一类变截面抗滑桩1、第二类变截面抗滑桩2、横梁3和单向滑动连接5组成,第一类变截面抗滑桩1的变截面处以上的桩在与道路方向垂直的两个侧面上各开一个凹槽11,横梁3的一端与第二类变截面抗滑桩2的变截面处整体浇筑,另一端面通过单向滑动连接5与第一类变截面抗滑桩1的桩身相连,横梁3的底面与第一类变截面抗滑桩1及第二类变截面抗滑桩2的变截面平台处在同一水平面上;单向滑动连接5由钢板15、齿槽16、棘爪柱17、棘爪18和橡胶防撞块19构成,齿槽16和棘爪柱17分别连接至一块钢板15中央,棘爪柱17插入齿槽16内且棘爪18与齿槽16相配合嵌套,两个橡胶防撞块19正面相对分别固定在两块钢板15上,连接有齿槽16的钢板15与第一类变截面抗滑桩1的桩身相连,连接有棘爪柱17的钢板15与横梁3的端面中央相连;板墙4包括顶板墙26、中间板墙27和底板墙28,三类板墙的相互接触面分别设置有沿纵向中心线的矩形凸块13和矩形槽14,下方板墙的矩形凸块13嵌入上方板墙的矩形槽14中,使三类板墙相互嵌套组装,板墙4两端的凸柱12插入凹槽11与相邻第一类变截面抗滑桩1组装相连;矩形单跨槽型路面板7通过板式橡胶支座6支撑在横梁3的顶面;棚面防护结构8由型钢焊接成的田字形框架21和钢丝防护网22构成,钢丝防护网22固定在田字形框架21的空格顶面,棚面防护结构8的上端由转动铰支座9与第一类变截面抗滑桩1顶部的预埋件25焊接,下端通过弹簧10支撑在第二类变截面抗滑桩2顶。The present invention relates to a shed-cave anti-skid structure with a road system and a construction method. The shed-cave anti-skid structure with a road system includes an anti-skid structure, a rectangular single-span groove-shaped road panel 7, a board wall 4, Shed surface protection structure 8; the anti-sliding structure is H-shaped, and is composed of the first type variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1, the second type variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, the beam 3 and the one-way sliding connection 5. The pile above the variable section of cross-section anti-slide pile 1 has a groove 11 on the two sides perpendicular to the road direction, and one end of beam 3 is poured integrally with the variable section of the second type variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, The other end surface is connected with the pile body of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1 through a one-way sliding connection 5, and the bottom surface of the beam 3 is connected with the variable cross section of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1 and the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2. The cross-sectional platform is on the same horizontal plane; the one-way sliding connection 5 is composed of a steel plate 15, a tooth groove 16, a pawl post 17, a pawl 18 and a rubber anti-collision block 19, and the tooth groove 16 and the pawl post 17 are respectively connected to a steel plate In the center of 15, the ratchet column 17 is inserted into the tooth groove 16 and the ratchet 18 and the tooth groove 16 are matched and nested. 15 is connected to the pile body of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1, and the steel plate 15 connected with the pawl column 17 is connected to the center of the end face of the beam 3; the board wall 4 includes a roof wall 26, a middle board wall 27 and a bottom board wall 28 The mutual contact surfaces of the three types of board walls are respectively provided with rectangular protrusions 13 and rectangular grooves 14 along the longitudinal centerline, and the rectangular protrusions 13 of the lower board wall are embedded in the rectangular grooves 14 of the upper board wall, so that the three types of board walls are embedded in each other. The convex columns 12 at both ends of the slab wall 4 are inserted into the grooves 11 and connected to the adjacent first-type variable-section anti-slide piles 1; the rectangular single-span grooved road slab 7 is supported on the top of the beam 3 by the plate rubber bearing 6 surface; the shed surface protective structure 8 is composed of a square-shaped frame 21 welded by section steel and a steel wire protective net 22, the steel wire protective net 22 is fixed on the space top surface of the square-shaped frame 21, and the upper end of the shed surface protective structure 8 is supported by a rotating hinge 9 is welded with the embedded part 25 at the top of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1, and the lower end is supported on the top of the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2 by a spring 10.
本发明的带有道路系统的棚洞式抗滑结构的施工方法,其步骤为:The construction method of the shed-cave type anti-skid structure with road system of the present invention, its steps are:
(1)勘察设计:勘察山体的工程地质条件,水文气象条件,分析确定潜在滑动面的位置,进行计算设计,确定桩的高度,间距;(1) Survey and design: Survey the engineering geological conditions and hydrometeorological conditions of the mountain, analyze and determine the position of the potential sliding surface, carry out calculation and design, and determine the height and spacing of piles;
(2)预制板墙4:按工程设计尺寸在工厂制作板墙4,并运送到施工现场;(2) Prefabricated slab wall 4: make slab wall 4 in the factory according to the engineering design size, and transport it to the construction site;
(3)施工桩孔:根据施工图确定抗滑桩的位置,开挖第一类变截面抗滑桩1与第二类变截面抗滑桩2的桩孔,并施做护壁;(3) Construction pile hole: Determine the position of the anti-slide pile according to the construction drawing, excavate the pile holes of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1 and the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, and construct the retaining wall;
(4)第一类变截面抗滑桩1施工:吊装并安放抗滑桩钢筋笼,浇筑第一类变截面抗滑桩1;(4) Construction of the first type variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1: hoisting and placing the anti-slide pile reinforcement cage, pouring the first type variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1;
(5)第二类变截面抗滑桩2施工:吊装并安放抗滑桩钢筋笼,浇筑第二类变截面抗滑桩2,根据施工图在桩的变截面处预留横梁3钢筋;(5) Construction of the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2: hoisting and placing the anti-slide pile reinforcement cage, pouring the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, and reserving beam 3 reinforcement at the variable cross-section of the pile according to the construction drawing;
(6)板墙4施工:开挖相邻第一类变截面抗滑桩1之间的土方,将预制好的底板墙28插入到第一类变截面抗滑桩1的凹槽11内,之后安装中间板墙27,使中间板墙27下的矩形凸块13与底板墙28的矩形槽14紧密嵌套,最后安装顶板墙26,顶板墙26下的矩形凸块13与中间板墙27的矩形槽14紧密嵌套;(6) Construction of slab wall 4: Excavate the earthwork between the adjacent first-type variable-section anti-slide piles 1, insert the prefabricated floor wall 28 into the groove 11 of the first-type variable-section anti-slide pile 1, Install the middle board wall 27 afterwards, make the rectangular protrusion 13 under the middle board wall 27 closely nest with the rectangular groove 14 of the bottom board wall 28, install the top board wall 26 at last, the rectangular protrusion 13 under the top board wall 26 and the middle board wall 27 The rectangular slots 14 are tightly nested;
(7)挖土方:开挖第一类变截面抗滑桩1与第二类变截面抗滑桩2之间的土方,开挖至变截面抗滑桩的变截面处;(7) Excavation: Excavate the earth between the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1 and the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, and excavate to the variable cross-section of the variable cross-section anti-slide pile;
(8)横梁3施工:绑扎横梁3钢筋并与第二类变截面抗滑桩2的预留钢筋相连接,及时支模并浇筑混凝土;(8) Construction of crossbeam 3: Bind the steel bars of crossbeam 3 and connect with the reserved steel bars of the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, set up the formwork and pour concrete in time;
(9)安装单向滑动连接5:用螺栓将单向滑动连接5的一端固定在第一类变截面抗滑桩1的变截面处,另一端固定在横梁3的端面处;(9) Install the one-way sliding connection 5: fix one end of the one-way sliding connection 5 to the variable section of the first type of variable-section anti-slide pile 1 with bolts, and fix the other end to the end face of the beam 3;
(10)施工道路系统:将板式橡胶支座6用螺栓紧固在横梁3顶面的两端,与横梁3端部的距离为500~700㎜,将矩形单跨槽型路面板7吊装安放在板式橡胶支座6上,将板式橡胶支座6的顶板与矩形单跨槽型路面板7的底部用螺栓紧固,最后在矩形单跨槽型路面板7上铺设路面结构;(10) Construction road system: Fasten the plate-type rubber support 6 to both ends of the top surface of the beam 3 with bolts, and the distance from the end of the beam 3 is 500-700 mm, and hoist the rectangular single-span grooved road panel 7 On the plate rubber bearing 6, fasten the top plate of the plate rubber bearing 6 and the bottom of the rectangular single-span grooved road slab 7 with bolts, and finally pave the pavement structure on the rectangular single-span grooved road slab 7;
(11)施工棚洞:焊接田字形框架21,并将钢丝防护网22安装至田字形框架21的空格内;将转动铰支座9、弹簧10焊接在棚洞田字形框架21的四角,吊装安放棚洞田字形框架21在抗滑桩顶处,使转动铰支座9、弹簧10与桩顶部的预埋件25焊接;(11) Construction shed hole: weld the Tian-shaped frame 21, and install the steel wire protective net 22 into the space of the Tian-shaped frame 21; weld the rotating hinge support 9 and the spring 10 to the four corners of the Tian-shaped frame 21 in the shed hole, hoist and install The shed hole Tian-shaped frame 21 is at the top of the anti-sliding pile, so that the rotating hinge support 9, the spring 10 and the embedded part 25 at the top of the pile are welded;
(12)设置道路挡板:在相邻第二类变截面抗滑桩之间设置防护网。(12) Set up road baffles: Set up protective nets between adjacent second-type variable-section anti-slide piles.
本发明的有益效果是:(1)通过横梁、单向滑动连接将两类抗滑桩组成H形抗滑结构,增大了桩的抗弯刚度,能承受较大的坡体推力,对滑坡能进行有效的治理;单向滑动连接的棘爪柱只能在推力作用下沿力的方向单向运动,当坡体上侧的抗滑桩向坡脚发生形变时,不会对坡体下侧的第二类变截面抗滑桩及其上的路面结构产生影响。(2)矩形单跨槽型路面板通过板式橡胶支座支撑在横梁上,可将路面荷载由横梁传递到抗滑桩,再由抗滑桩直接传递到深层稳定岩土层,避免车辆通行对滑坡体的扰动。(3)挖除两类抗滑桩之间的部分土体,不仅形成了可供车辆通行的棚洞式空间结构,同时也减小了坡面土体对抗滑结构的荷载,从而增加了抗滑结构的稳定性。(4)棚面防护结构为刚柔结合的整体,型钢焊接成刚性框架,框架整体刚度大,抗弯承载力提高,钢丝防护网为柔性材料,可抵消一部分滚石对防护网的冲击力;型钢框架由预埋件将抗滑结构联系成抗滑桩群,增强了抗滑结构的整体刚度,减小了抗滑桩的变形;同时倾斜的棚洞顶也可以防止滚石在防护网上堆积,避免了给道路通行带来安全隐患同时也减少后期运行期间人工处理滚石的代价。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) two types of anti-sliding piles are formed into an H-shaped anti-sliding structure through beams and one-way sliding connections, which increases the bending stiffness of the piles and can withstand larger thrusts of the slope body. Can carry out effective treatment; the ratchet column connected by one-way sliding can only move in one direction along the direction of force under the action of thrust, and when the anti-slide pile on the upper side of the slope is deformed to the foot of the slope, it will not affect the downward slope of the slope. The second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile on the side and the pavement structure on it will have an impact. (2) The rectangular single-span grooved road slab is supported on the crossbeam by the plate rubber bearing, which can transfer the road surface load from the crossbeam to the anti-slide pile, and then directly transfer the anti-slide pile to the deep stable rock and soil layer, avoiding the impact of vehicles Disturbance of landslides. (3) Excavating part of the soil between the two types of anti-slide piles not only forms a shed-cave space structure for vehicles to pass through, but also reduces the load on the anti-slide structure of the slope soil, thereby increasing the anti-slide structure. stability of the slippery structure. (4) The protective structure of the shed surface is a combination of rigidity and flexibility. The section steel is welded into a rigid frame. The overall rigidity of the frame is large, and the bending bearing capacity is improved. The steel wire protection net is a flexible material, which can offset part of the impact of rolling stones on the protection net; The frame uses embedded parts to connect the anti-sliding structure into anti-sliding pile groups, which enhances the overall rigidity of the anti-sliding structure and reduces the deformation of the anti-sliding piles; at the same time, the inclined roof of the shed can also prevent rolling stones from accumulating on the protective net, avoiding In order to bring safety hazards to road traffic, it also reduces the cost of manual handling of rolling stones during later operation.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是带有道路系统的棚洞式抗滑结构示意图,图2是带有道路系统的棚洞式抗滑结构图,图3是中间板墙示意图,图4是单向滑动连接结构图,图5是棚面防护结构图。附图标记及对应名称为:第一类变截面抗滑桩1、第二类变截面抗滑桩2、横梁3、板墙4、单向滑动连接5、板式橡胶支座6、矩形单跨槽型路面板7、棚面防护结构8、转动铰支座9、弹簧10、凹槽11、凸柱12、矩形凸块13、矩形槽14、钢板15、齿槽16、棘爪柱17、棘爪18、橡胶防撞块19、螺栓孔20、田字形框架21、钢丝防护网22、转轴23、轴壳体24、预埋件25、顶板墙26、中间板墙27、底板墙28、固定圆孔29。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a shed-cave anti-skid structure with a road system, Figure 2 is a diagram of a shed-cave anti-skid structure with a road system, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the middle wall, and Figure 4 is a one-way sliding connection structure diagram, Fig. 5 is a structure diagram of shed surface protection. Reference signs and corresponding names are: the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1, the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, beam 3, plate wall 4, one-way sliding connection 5, plate rubber bearing 6, rectangular single-span Grooved road slab 7, shed surface protective structure 8, rotating hinge support 9, spring 10, groove 11, convex post 12, rectangular bump 13, rectangular slot 14, steel plate 15, tooth groove 16, pawl post 17, Pawl 18, rubber anti-collision block 19, bolt hole 20, Tian-shaped frame 21, steel wire protective net 22, rotating shaft 23, shaft housing 24, embedded parts 25, top wall 26, middle wall 27, bottom wall 28, Fixed circular hole 29.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和一种带有道路系统的棚洞式抗滑结构实例对本发明特征作更进一步的描述,所举实例只用于解释本发明,并非用于限制本发明的范围。在阅读本发明后,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进均应包含于本发明的保护范围以内。The features of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawings and a kind of shed cave type anti-sliding structure example with road system, given examples are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, within the spirit and principle of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1~5所示,本发明是一种带有道路系统的棚洞式抗滑结构及施工方法,包括抗滑结构、矩形单跨槽型路面板7、板墙4、棚面防护结构8;其特征在于:抗滑结构的形状为H形,由第一类变截面抗滑桩1、第二类变截面抗滑桩2、横梁3和单向滑动连接5组成,第一类变截面抗滑桩1的变截面处以上的桩在与道路方向垂直的两个侧面上各开一个凹槽11,横梁3的一端与第二类变截面抗滑桩2的变截面处整体浇筑,另一端面通过单向滑动连接5与第一类变截面抗滑桩1的桩身相连,横梁3的底面与第一类变截面抗滑桩1及第二类变截面抗滑桩2的变截面平台处在同一水平面上;单向滑动连接5由钢板15、齿槽16、棘爪柱17、棘爪18和橡胶防撞块19构成,齿槽16和棘爪柱17分别连接至一块钢板15中央,棘爪柱17插入齿槽16内且棘爪18与齿槽16相配合嵌套, 两个橡胶防撞块19正面相对分别固定在两块钢板15上,连接有齿槽16的钢板15与第一类变截面抗滑桩1的桩身相连,连接有棘爪柱17的钢板15与横梁3的端面中央相连;板墙4包括顶板墙26、中间板墙27和底板墙28,三类板墙的相互接触面分别设置有沿纵向中心线的矩形凸块13和矩形槽14,下方板墙的矩形凸块13嵌入上方板墙的矩形槽14中,使三类板墙相互嵌套组装,板墙4两端的凸柱12插入凹槽11与相邻第一类变截面抗滑桩1组装相连;矩形单跨槽型路面板7通过板式橡胶支座6支撑在横梁3的顶面;棚面防护结构8由型钢焊接成的田字形框架21和钢丝防护网22构成,钢丝防护网22固定在田字形框架21的空格顶面,棚面防护结构8的上端由转动铰支座9与第一类变截面抗滑桩1顶部的预埋件25焊接,下端通过弹簧10支撑在第二类变截面抗滑桩2顶。As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the present invention is a shed-cave anti-skid structure with a road system and a construction method, including an anti-skid structure, a rectangular single-span grooved road panel 7, a board wall 4, and a shed surface protection structure 8; It is characterized in that: the shape of the anti-sliding structure is H-shaped, which is composed of the first type variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1, the second type variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, the beam 3 and the one-way sliding connection 5, the first type variable The pile above the variable section of cross-section anti-slide pile 1 has a groove 11 on the two sides perpendicular to the road direction, and one end of beam 3 is poured integrally with the variable section of the second type variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, The other end surface is connected with the pile body of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1 through a one-way sliding connection 5, and the bottom surface of the beam 3 is connected with the variable cross section of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1 and the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2. The cross-sectional platform is on the same horizontal plane; the one-way sliding connection 5 is composed of a steel plate 15, a tooth groove 16, a pawl post 17, a pawl 18 and a rubber anti-collision block 19, and the tooth groove 16 and the pawl post 17 are respectively connected to a steel plate 15 in the center, the ratchet post 17 is inserted into the tooth groove 16 and the ratchet 18 and the tooth groove 16 are matched and nested. 15 is connected to the pile body of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1, and the steel plate 15 connected with the pawl column 17 is connected to the center of the end face of the beam 3; the board wall 4 includes a roof wall 26, a middle board wall 27 and a bottom board wall 28 The mutual contact surfaces of the three types of board walls are respectively provided with rectangular protrusions 13 and rectangular grooves 14 along the longitudinal centerline, and the rectangular protrusions 13 of the lower board wall are embedded in the rectangular grooves 14 of the upper board wall, so that the three types of board walls are embedded in each other. The convex columns 12 at both ends of the slab wall 4 are inserted into the grooves 11 and connected to the adjacent first-type variable-section anti-slide piles 1; the rectangular single-span grooved road slab 7 is supported on the top of the beam 3 by the plate rubber bearing 6 surface; the shed surface protective structure 8 is composed of a square-shaped frame 21 welded by section steel and a steel wire protective net 22, the steel wire protective net 22 is fixed on the space top surface of the square-shaped frame 21, and the upper end of the shed surface protective structure 8 is supported by a rotating hinge 9 is welded with the embedded part 25 at the top of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1, and the lower end is supported on the top of the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2 by a spring 10.
如图1、2所示,抗滑结构的横梁3与第一类变截面抗滑桩1及第二类变截面抗滑桩2均为矩形,由钢筋混凝土浇筑;变截面处以下的桩的截面尺寸为长2500~4000mm,宽1500~3000mm;第一类变截面抗滑桩1与第二类变截面抗滑桩2的内净距为10000~12000mm,相邻的同类抗滑桩的轴心距为5000~7000mm;横梁3的截面尺寸为高1000~1200mm,宽600~800mm;凹槽11位于第一类变截面抗滑桩1的变截面处以上的桩身侧面中心线处。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the beam 3 of the anti-sliding structure, the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1 and the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2 are all rectangular, and are poured by reinforced concrete; the piles below the variable cross-section The cross-sectional size is 2500-4000mm in length and 1500-3000mm in width; the inner distance between the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1 and the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2 is 10000-12000mm, and the axes of adjacent similar anti-slide piles The center distance is 5000-7000mm; the section size of the beam 3 is 1000-1200mm high and 600-800mm wide; the groove 11 is located at the center line of the side of the pile above the variable section of the variable section anti-slide pile 1 of the first type.
如图2所示,凹槽11的底面与第一类变截面抗滑桩1的变截面处在同一水平面上,顶面与第一类变截面抗滑桩1的顶面平齐;凹槽11的截面形状为T形,由外矩形段和内矩形段相连组成;凹槽11的外矩形段宽为300~400㎜,进深250~350mm,内矩形段比外矩形段宽200~300㎜,进深300~400mm。As shown in Figure 2, the bottom surface of the groove 11 is on the same level as the variable section of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1, and the top surface is flush with the top surface of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1; the groove The cross-sectional shape of 11 is T-shaped, which is composed of an outer rectangular section and an inner rectangular section; the outer rectangular section of the groove 11 is 300-400 mm wide and 250-350 mm deep, and the inner rectangular section is 200-300 mm wider than the outer rectangular section , The depth is 300~400mm.
如图1、2所示,矩形单跨槽型路面板7的长度与相邻的同类抗滑桩的桩心间距相同,宽度比第一类变截面抗滑桩1和第二类变截面抗滑桩2内间距小1000~1500mm。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the length of the rectangular single-span grooved road slab 7 is the same as the distance between the cores of adjacent similar anti-slide piles, and the width is wider than that of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1 and the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile. The inner spacing of the slide piles 2 is 1000-1500mm smaller.
如图4所示,单向滑动连接5的齿槽16内壁带有两排单向齿,单向齿形状为直角梯形;棘爪柱17呈长方体,其两个侧面分别带有一个棘爪18,棘爪18与齿槽16内的单向齿相配套,且棘爪18嵌入齿槽16中,齿槽16与棘爪柱17的长度相同。As shown in Figure 4, the inner wall of the tooth groove 16 of the one-way sliding connection 5 has two rows of one-way teeth, and the shape of the one-way teeth is a right-angled trapezoid; , the ratchet 18 is matched with the unidirectional teeth in the tooth groove 16, and the ratchet 18 is embedded in the tooth groove 16, and the length of the tooth groove 16 is the same as that of the ratchet post 17.
如图2、3所示,板墙4包括顶板墙26、中间板墙27和底板墙28;板墙4厚500~700㎜,高度与凹槽11的高度相等,长度与上坡变截面抗滑桩1的间距相等;凸柱12位于板墙4的两端面中心处,凸柱12的截面尺寸与凹槽11的相同;底板墙28的下端面平直,上端面中心处有矩形凸块13,中间板墙27的下端面有与矩形凸块13相配套的矩形槽14,上端面有矩形凸块13,顶板墙26的下端面有矩形槽14,上端面平直。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the board wall 4 includes a top board wall 26, a middle board wall 27 and a bottom board wall 28; The spacing of sliding piles 1 is equal; the convex column 12 is located at the center of both ends of the board wall 4, and the cross-sectional size of the convex column 12 is the same as that of the groove 11; the lower end surface of the bottom wall 28 is straight, and there is a rectangular bump at the center of the upper end surface 13, the lower surface of the middle plate wall 27 has a rectangular groove 14 matching with the rectangular projection 13, the upper surface has a rectangular projection 13, the lower surface of the roof wall 26 has a rectangular groove 14, and the upper surface is straight.
如图2、3所示,矩形凸块13和矩形槽14均位于端面中心处,截面尺寸为宽100~200㎜,高50~100㎜,长度与板墙4的长度相同。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the rectangular protrusion 13 and the rectangular groove 14 are located at the center of the end face, the cross-sectional size is 100-200 mm wide, 50-100 mm high, and the length is the same as that of the board wall 4 .
如图5所示,田字形框架21由40~50#工字钢端头焊接而成,田字形框架21的空格四周工字钢的上翼缘开有与工字钢平行的固定圆孔29,固定圆孔29直径为5~7mm,间距为50~60㎜,固定圆孔29的圆心距离翼缘边为25~30mm。As shown in Figure 5, the Tian-shaped frame 21 is welded by 40-50# I-shaped steel ends, and the upper flange of the I-shaped steel around the space of the Tian-shaped frame 21 has a fixed round hole 29 parallel to the I-shaped steel. , The diameter of the fixed circular hole 29 is 5-7 mm, the distance is 50-60 mm, and the distance between the center of the fixed circular hole 29 and the edge of the flange is 25-30 mm.
如图5所示,钢丝防护网22由钢丝编织而成,钢丝穿过固定圆孔29固定在田字形框架21的工字钢翼缘上,钢丝直径比固定圆孔29的直径小1~2mm。As shown in Figure 5, the steel wire protective net 22 is woven by steel wire, and the steel wire passes through the fixed round hole 29 and is fixed on the I-shaped steel flange of the Tian-shaped frame 21, and the diameter of the steel wire is 1 to 2 mm smaller than the diameter of the fixed round hole 29 .
本发明的带有道路系统的棚洞式抗滑结构及施工方法,其步骤为:The shed cave type anti-skid structure and construction method with road system of the present invention, its steps are:
(1)勘察设计:勘察山体的工程地质条件,水文气象条件,分析确定潜在滑动面的位置,进行计算设计,确定桩的高度,间距;(1) Survey and design: Survey the engineering geological conditions and hydrometeorological conditions of the mountain, analyze and determine the position of the potential sliding surface, carry out calculation and design, and determine the height and spacing of piles;
(2)预制板墙4:按工程设计尺寸在工厂制作板墙4,并运送到施工现场;(2) Prefabricated slab wall 4: make slab wall 4 in the factory according to the engineering design size, and transport it to the construction site;
(3)施工桩孔:根据施工图确定抗滑桩的位置,开挖第一类变截面抗滑桩1与第二类变截面抗滑桩2的桩孔,并施做护壁;(3) Construction pile hole: Determine the position of the anti-slide pile according to the construction drawing, excavate the pile holes of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1 and the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, and construct the retaining wall;
(4)第一类变截面抗滑桩1施工:吊装并安放抗滑桩钢筋笼,浇筑第一类变截面抗滑桩1;(4) Construction of the first type variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1: hoisting and placing the anti-slide pile reinforcement cage, pouring the first type variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1;
(5)第二类变截面抗滑桩2施工:吊装并安放抗滑桩钢筋笼,浇筑第二类变截面抗滑桩2,根据施工图在桩的变截面处预留横梁3钢筋;(5) Construction of the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2: hoisting and placing the anti-slide pile reinforcement cage, pouring the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, and reserving beam 3 reinforcement at the variable cross-section of the pile according to the construction drawing;
(6)板墙4施工:开挖相邻第一类变截面抗滑桩1之间的土方,将预制好的底板墙28插入到第一类变截面抗滑桩1的凹槽11内,之后安装中间板墙27,使中间板墙27下的矩形凸块13与底板墙28的矩形槽14紧密嵌套,最后安装顶板墙26,顶板墙26下的矩形凸块13与中间板墙27的矩形槽14紧密嵌套;(6) Construction of slab wall 4: Excavate the earthwork between the adjacent first-type variable-section anti-slide piles 1, insert the prefabricated floor wall 28 into the groove 11 of the first-type variable-section anti-slide pile 1, Install the middle board wall 27 afterwards, make the rectangular protrusion 13 under the middle board wall 27 closely nest with the rectangular groove 14 of the base board wall 28, install the top board wall 26 at last, the rectangular protrusion 13 under the top board wall 26 and the middle board wall 27 The rectangular slots 14 are tightly nested;
(7)挖土方:开挖第一类变截面抗滑桩1与第二类变截面抗滑桩2之间的土方,开挖至变截面抗滑桩的变截面处;(7) Excavation: Excavate the earth between the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 1 and the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, and excavate to the variable cross-section of the variable cross-section anti-slide pile;
(8)横梁3施工:绑扎横梁3钢筋并与第二类变截面抗滑桩2的预留钢筋相连接,及时支模并浇筑混凝土;(8) Construction of crossbeam 3: Bind the steel bars of crossbeam 3 and connect with the reserved steel bars of the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile 2, set up the formwork and pour concrete in time;
(9)安装单向滑动连接5:用螺栓将单向滑动连接5的一端固定在第一类变截面抗滑桩1的变截面处,另一端固定在横梁3的端面处;(9) Install the one-way sliding connection 5: fix one end of the one-way sliding connection 5 to the variable section of the first type of variable-section anti-slide pile 1 with bolts, and fix the other end to the end face of the beam 3;
(10)施工道路系统:将板式橡胶支座6用螺栓紧固在横梁3顶面的两端,与横梁3端部的距离为500~700㎜,将矩形单跨槽型路面板7吊装安放在板式橡胶支座6上,将板式橡胶支座6的顶板与矩形单跨槽型路面板7的底部用螺栓紧固,最后在矩形单跨槽型路面板7上铺设路面结构;(10) Construction road system: Fasten the plate-type rubber support 6 to both ends of the top surface of the beam 3 with bolts, and the distance from the end of the beam 3 is 500-700 mm, and hoist the rectangular single-span grooved road panel 7 On the plate rubber bearing 6, fasten the top plate of the plate rubber bearing 6 and the bottom of the rectangular single-span grooved road slab 7 with bolts, and finally pave the pavement structure on the rectangular single-span grooved road slab 7;
(11)施工棚洞:焊接田字形框架21,并将钢丝防护网22安装至田字形框架21的空格内;将转动铰支座9、弹簧10焊接在棚洞田字形框架21的四角,吊装安放棚洞田字形框架21在抗滑桩顶处,使转动铰支座9、弹簧10与桩顶部的预埋件25焊接;(11) Construction shed hole: weld the Tian-shaped frame 21, and install the steel wire protective net 22 into the space of the Tian-shaped frame 21; weld the rotating hinge support 9 and the spring 10 to the four corners of the Tian-shaped frame 21 in the shed hole, hoist and install The shed hole Tian-shaped frame 21 is at the top of the anti-sliding pile, so that the rotating hinge support 9, the spring 10 and the embedded part 25 at the top of the pile are welded;
(12)设置道路挡板:在相邻第二类变截面抗滑桩之间设置防护网。(12) Set up road baffles: Set up protective nets between adjacent second-type variable-section anti-slide piles.
本发明的技术原理为:(1)抗滑、竖向传力原理:抗滑结构由第一类变截面抗滑桩、第二类变截面抗滑桩、横梁和单向滑动连接组成形状为H形的结构,矩形单跨槽型路面板位于横梁的顶面;两类抗滑桩插入到滑动面以下的稳定土层中,一方面,当滑坡体在重力或其他外因的作用下发生变形或滑移时,稳定土层对桩的抗力可以平衡滑坡体由于变形而产生的作用荷载;另一方面,当路面板的重力及路面上承受的行车荷载作用在横梁上时,横梁的两端将力传递到变截面以下的桩体内,最后将力传递到稳定土层内。(2)卸载原理:根据主动土压力原理,土体的自重会对支挡结构产生水平荷载,挖除部分土体,即可减小土体自重,从而减小荷载。(3)棚洞原理:两类抗滑桩顶部搭设棚面,形成了棚洞式空间结构;棚面防护结构用转动铰支座和弹簧固定在变截面抗滑桩顶,当滑坡体上的滚石落到棚面时,会对棚面产生冲击荷载,棚面的钢丝防护网以及弹簧支座可以产生较大的弹性变形,根据牛顿第二及第三定律,弹性变形可显著降低滚石对棚面的冲击荷载。The technical principle of the present invention is: (1) Principle of anti-sliding and vertical force transmission: the anti-sliding structure is composed of the first type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile, the second type of variable cross-section anti-slide pile, a beam and a one-way sliding connection. H-shaped structure, rectangular single-span grooved road slab is located on the top of the beam; two types of anti-slide piles are inserted into the stable soil layer below the sliding surface, on the one hand, when the landslide body deforms under the action of gravity or other external factors Or when slipping, the resistance of the stable soil layer to the pile can balance the load caused by the deformation of the landslide body; on the other hand, when the gravity of the road slab and the traffic load on the road surface act on the beam, the two ends of the beam The force is transmitted to the pile body below the variable section, and finally the force is transmitted to the stable soil layer. (2) Unloading principle: According to the principle of active earth pressure, the self-weight of the soil will generate a horizontal load on the retaining structure, and excavating part of the soil can reduce the self-weight of the soil, thereby reducing the load. (3) The principle of shed-cave: The shed surface is set up on the top of the two types of anti-slide piles, forming a shed-cave space structure; When the rolling stone falls on the shed surface, it will produce an impact load on the shed surface. The steel wire mesh and spring support on the shed surface can produce large elastic deformation. According to Newton's second and third laws, elastic deformation can significantly reduce the impact of rolling stones on the shed. Surface impact load.
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