JP2002356801A - Road formation method and superstructure work slab used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a road formation method statistically and dynamically excellent in stability and a superstructure work slab used therefor and having a Z-shaped or a doglegged section capable of increasing a quantity of widening by a required quantity and also coping with the ground looseness or the like resulting from an earthquake or a heavy rain. SOLUTION: The road formation method is so constituted that the superstructure work slab consisting of a horizontally embedded floor slab and a wall slab straight or curvedly extended to the outer most end position of a planned road are used by making the end face on a valley side as the base point to mount the embedded floor slab of the slab of the superstructure work slab by making the wall slab as the valley side on a substructure work constituted of a foundation, a concrete block erected thereon and a concrete placed on the back thereof to anchor, the upper part of the superstructure work slab is anchored in a mountain slope and that a sufficient amount of fill as a counter-weight is placed on the upper part of the embedded floor slab. The superstructure work slab is manufactured at a plant, and the fixed work for anchoring in the mountain slope is safely carried out on the upper part of the wall slab.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a road construction method suitable for widening or constructing a road on a steep slope in a mountain area, and a structure of an upper plate used for the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when widening or constructing a road on a slope in a mountainous area, a lower foundation is hit in accordance with a planned road width, and a strong retaining wall or a large block is erected on the lower foundation.
Earth and sand (fill) was put between the slope and the upper part of the road. In this general method, the width of the road is limited because the upper edge of the retaining wall or block matches the road edge,
If the slope is steep, there is a drawback that a road of the required width cannot be formed.

In particular, for example, mountainous landforms in Shikoku are steep, roads are narrow, and there are many areas where large buses and the like cannot operate when separated. The mountain side is a cliff that cannot be cut off. Various construction methods have been proposed to widen roads in such terrain, but they are expensive as constructing a bridge, and include many problems in terms of cost.

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned difficulties, the bottom intermediate position of the floor slab formed to a required width is supported by a column erected on a foundation,
It is also practiced to protrude from the pillar position to the valley side to widen the road width. However, in the road widening method using the floor slab, it is necessary to balance the load on the overhanging part, and it is necessary to firmly fix the hillside position of the floor slab to the road surface. In many cases, roads must be closed for a long period of time in order to perform piling work, and there has been a disadvantage that roads without a detour or roads on which a detour cannot be constructed cannot be implemented.

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned difficulties, Japanese Patent No. 2929588 (road expansion structure) discloses, as described in the claims, "a road which expands a road having a valley on an inclined surface to a valley." In the expanded structure, a supporter (a lower foundation and a supporter erected thereon) erected on the inclined surface.
And a sloping wall body with the valley side provided on the upper part of the support facing upward (the lower end is fixed by the upper foundation)
And a lower member (embankment) of a road expanding portion provided on the wall. "It is shown. The angle of inclination of the inclined plate is the angle of repose of the embankment (about 30 °). That is, when the embankment is performed, the inclined plate is brought into a state where it is stably supported on the support.

According to the widening method using the inclined plate, the lower foundation and the upper foundation are struck at a position away from the end face of the current road toward the valley side, a support is erected on the lower foundation, and the valley side is directed upward at the upper part thereof. It is only necessary to mount and fix the ground, and then embankment, so that it is possible to widen to the valley side from the lower foundation, and there is an advantage that it is not necessary to block the entire road.

[0007]

However, the road widening method using the inclined plate has the following problems. First, in order to make the embankment a stable balance weight, the angle of inclination of the inclined plate must be kept at the angle of repose, and the amount of embankment is limited. The point is that it is limited to 1/3 (H / 3) of the width (H).

Specifically, the maximum overhang width is 1 m when the total horizontal width of the inclined plate is 3 m, and 1.33 m when it is 4 m.
That's an unsatisfactory number. Second, the inclined version is fixed at the angle of repose and is embanked, so it is stable on the drawing,
The balance is lost due to the loosening of the ground due to the earthquake or heavy rain,
There is a possibility that a force that pushes the pillar to the valley side may be applied, and in that case, the possibility of leading to road collapse cannot be denied. So to speak, static stability is maintained, but there is a problem with dynamic stability. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a stable and safe design at the above-mentioned steep cliff.

Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention can be used for general road development, and can perform road widening work in mountainous areas while securing traffic on the existing road. An object of the present invention is to provide a road construction method capable of obtaining a safe design with a large width, excellent static and dynamic stability, and an upper plate used for the method.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided a road construction method and an upper plate used for the method according to the present invention. That is, the road creation method of the present invention is to form a foundation below a mountain slope where a road is to be widened or created, and to set a concrete block up to a height lower than a planned road surface by a predetermined height on a valley side at an upper portion thereof. Concrete is cast between the slope and the slope to form a substructure, and the embedded road slab in a horizontal position placed on the upper surface of the substructure and the valley-side end surface of the embedded slab are used as base points for the planned road. The embedding floor slab of the upper slab composed of the wall slab linearly or curvilinearly extended to the outermost end position is placed in alignment with the upper surface of the lower slab, and the slab is embedded in the lower slab. While firmly anchoring to concrete, the upper part of the wall slab is permanently anchored to the mountain slope, and a predetermined amount of earth and sand is buried between the wall slab and the mountain slope at the upper part of the embedded floor slab. Characterized by building roads .

In the present invention, a required amount of earth and sand is buried in the upper part of the buried floor slab to have a counterweight function.
The amount of landfill (fill) can be made sufficient, and the amount drawn to the valley side can be increased by the required amount.
When the embankment amount is designed as a safe balance weight amount in consideration of the rest amount, that is, the safety coefficient, the overhang amount H1 is set to the floor slab length H2 (H2 = H1) or the concrete block position of the substructure as a reference position. More than that is possible. Since the load from the embankment to the embedded floor slab is reliably applied to the substructure, no force that dynamically and dynamically pushes the substructure to the valley side is applied, and the slab is statically and dynamically stable.

On the other hand, the embedded floor slab is anchored to the substructure and the upper part of the wall slab is anchored to the mountain slope, so that it has sufficient resistance to the loosening of the ground due to earthquake or heavy rain. And secure safety. By the way, in mountainous areas, there are many opportunities to meet local heavy rain,
Rainwater may penetrate into the ground due to damage to asphalt and waterways, so it is necessary to take into account the looseness of the ground including the embankment. Vertical anchoring is a safety and dynamic additional safety measure during construction, and it is imperative that statically designed design provide sufficient stability without it.

According to the present invention, in the road widening work, a substructure is made without blocking the existing road, a superstructure plate is placed on the upper portion using a crane truck as appropriate, anchored, embanked, and sequentially. The road can be widened.

The present invention also relates to the upper slab for use in the road construction method, wherein the embedded floor slab has an anchor insertion hole for anchoring to the concrete of the lower slab. An anchor insertion hole for anchoring to the mountain slope is formed in the wall slab body, and an opening for anchoring work formed at an upper end of the anchor insertion hole is located above the wall slab. It is characterized by being formed on the surface. When a reinforcing beam is formed between the main body and the embedded floor slab, an anchor insertion hole may also be formed in this beam.

According to the present invention, the upper working plate placed on the lower working surface and anchored to the lower working surface and the mountain slope is manufactured as a precast product in a factory, and up to the anchor insertion hole can be formed in advance. . In addition, when anchoring to the mountain slope, an opening is provided on the upper surface of the wall slab for anchoring work. Can be done.

Further, in the road construction method of the present invention, a foundation is formed below a mountain slope where a road is to be widened or constructed, and a concrete block is erected on a valley side above the concrete block to a height lower than a planned road surface by a predetermined height. A lightweight concrete such as soil cement is cast between the back surface and the mountain slope to form a substructure, and the embedded floor slab in a horizontal position to be placed on the upper surface of the substructure and the embedded floor slab The embedding floor slab of the upper slab composed of a wall slab that is linearly or curvedly extended to the outermost position of the planned road with the valley side end surface as a base point is placed in alignment with the upper surface of the lower slab, The foundation and the upper plate are firmly fixed to the mountain slope using a high tough anchor, respectively, and the upper and lower ends of the vertical bars inserted in the vertical direction of the concrete block are connected to the upper plate or the foundation. To each other firmly The concrete block to have a flexibility with respect to the vibration acting on the seismic horizontal direction,
A road is constructed by burying earth and sand between the wall slab and the mountain slope at the upper part of the slab.

According to the present invention, the precast product, the upper working plate and the foundation concrete are both fixed to the mountain slope by the tough anchor, and are cast between the mountain slope and the concrete block. It wraps lightweight concrete such as soil cement. Soil cement has a low specific gravity. At least a vertical reinforcing bar is inserted through the concrete block, and its ends are firmly fixed to the upper working plate or the foundation, respectively. Therefore, in the present invention,
The overall system is resilient to brittle fracture, and has excellent tough fracture resistance. The ground in the retaining wall is soil cement, which supports the superstructure. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the penetrative force of the earthquake ground with a small weight, and to absorb the minute vibration by the retaining wall block having the flexible structure, and it is possible to particularly improve the durability.

[0018]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of a road formed by a road forming method according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an upper plate used for forming the road shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of.

As shown in the figure, the road construction method of the present embodiment is an example in which an existing road 2 having a width A formed on a mountain 1 is widened by a width B.

First, a foundation 3 for a substructure is struck under a substantially central position of the width B to be widened, and this is fixed to the slope of the mountain 1 by using a tough anchor steel material 4 such as a PC steel bar. Fix the anchor. Grout milk 5 is poured around the anchor steel 4, and the foundation 3 is firmly fixed to the slope of the mountain 1.

After anchoring the foundation 3 on the slope,
A concrete block 6 having a thickness of about 20 cm to 30 cm such as an RC block is erected, and concrete 7 is hit on the back thereof. The concrete block 6 is provided with sufficient rebar.
An anchor bolt 8 is inserted into the concrete 7 so that the embedded floor slab 10 of the upper slab 9 can be fixed later.
The finishing height of the concrete block 6 and the concrete 7 is the mounting height of the embedded floor slab 10, and is set at a position lower than the road surface by a predetermined height (the height of the upper working plate 9).

There are two types of construction methods for the substructure retaining wall composed of the concrete block 6 and the concrete 7. One is a rigidity handling method in which both have rigidity to cope with an earthquake. In this case, the concrete block 6 needs a corresponding reinforcing means for inserting a large amount of main reinforcing bars in the vertical and horizontal directions. In addition, concrete 7 having a specific gravity of more than 2.0 is cast on the concrete 7. The other is that the main reinforcement is inserted only in the vertical direction of the concrete block 6 and the upper and lower ends thereof are firmly fixed.
Cast soil cement to make the specific gravity of 2.0 or less,
This is a flexible system in which the horizontal inertia force during an earthquake is minimized and the vibration component is absorbed by the horizontal flexibility of the concrete block 7. The present invention includes these two methods, but it is determined that the latter is superior to the former in terms of performance and economy.

Next, after the concrete 7 is solidified, the upper plate 9
Is carried in by a crane truck (not shown), the embedding floor slab 10 is placed on the upper surface of the concrete 7, and fixed with the anchor bolts 8.

As shown in FIG. 2, the upper plate 9 comprises an embedded floor slab 10, a vertical slab 11, and a top plate 12 in a horizontal posture. The vertical plate 11 and the top plate 12 are in the valley 1 of the embedded floor slab 10.
The wall slabs (11, 12) extending from the three side end surfaces to the outermost end position of the planned road are configured.

Above the embedded floor slab 10 and below the top slab 12, beams 14 and 15 for reinforcing the vertical slab 11 are provided, respectively.

On the side surfaces of the buried floor slab 10 and the wall slabs 11 and 12, there are provided wire insertion holes 16 (three in this example) along the road extending direction. In order to insert the anchor bolts 8, three (six in total) anchor insertion holes 17 are provided on the floor surface of the embedded floor slab 10 with the beam 14 interposed therebetween. Further, the embedded floor slab 1
An anchor insertion hole 18 for anchoring to the slope of the mountain 1 is provided from the position near the slope of the mountain 1 to the upper surface of the beam 14 and the top plate 12. The anchor insertion hole 18 communicates with an opening 19 for fixing the anchor provided on the upper surface of the top plate 12.

In the upper plate 9 of this embodiment, the entire width from the slope side of the mountain 1 to the valley 13 is H, and the width of the embedded floor slab 11 is H
1. When the width of the top plate 12 is H2, for example, H1 = H2 or H in consideration of the amount of embankment placed on the embedded floor slab 10.
The height of the vertical plate 11 is determined so that 2 = (H1) / 2 or the like. That is, the overhang amount H2 is also related to the embankment amount.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the upper plate 9 is fixed to the slope of the mountain 1 using a permanent anchor 20. The fixing is reliably performed by using a nut material or the like in an opening 19 provided on the upper surface of the top plate 12. Since the fixing work can be performed on the upper part of the top plate 12, the work can be performed safely all the time.

After that, at the upper part of the embedding floor slab 10, the earth and sand 21 are put between the wall slabs 11 and 12 and the slope of the mountain 1, and the road is rolled to complete the road having the width A + B in which the width B is expanded. Width H2
Is usually designed to be about 1 m to 2 m, but it is sufficiently possible to make the width H1 of the embedded floor slab 10 twice or more.
Asphalt (indicated by 2A in FIG. 3) is laid on the completed road surface as appropriate, and auxiliary equipment such as guardrails 22 is installed at the outermost position.

In the construction of the substructures 3, 6, 7 and the construction of the superstructures 9, 21 as described above, the construction is performed by passing materials through the widened portion of the existing road 2
It can be implemented without having to shut down the road completely. The embankment 21 placed on the buried floor slab 10 is calculated on the assumption that a large vehicle 24 will pass over the widened road 23, and thus can be used as a roadway on the widened road 23.

A specific calculation example will be described using the model MDL shown in FIG. The model MDL for this calculation is shown as an example in the case where the construction method of the lower retaining wall is a flexible method. First, an outline of the model MDL will be described. Specific numerical values are entered in the structure shown in FIG. The shape of the foundation 3 is different, but fulfills the same function as in FIG. In addition, members having the same functions as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. The dimensions of the upper plate 9 are 2 m in width of the embedded floor slab 10, 2 m in height of the vertical slab 11, and 1 m of overhang by the top plate 12. The thickness is the embedded floor slab 10 and the vertical slab 11
Are 0.3 m, and the top plate 12 is 0.25 m. In this example, it is assumed that asphalt 2A having a thickness of 5 cm is constructed on the road surface.

Further, since this embodiment is a flexible system,
The main reinforcement MRF passes through the concrete block 6 in the longitudinal direction, the tip is bent slightly, and the lower part is the foundation 3.
In addition, the upper portions are embedded in the vertical plate 11, respectively, and are firmly fixed both up and down. In order to embed the upper end of the main bar MRF in the vertical plate 11, the main bar MRF is placed below the vertical plate 11.
Is provided with a working hole 11H in advance,
The main muscle MRF inserted here is fixed in the work hole 11H, and then the hole 11H is buried with mortar. The symbols in parentheses in the figure indicate the calculated weight or force. The length in the road traveling direction is 2 m. In addition, Table 1 summarizes the design values of the unit volume weight (specific gravity), horizontal seismic intensity, friction coefficient, and safety factor of the material used for the calculation.

[0033]

[Table 1] Under the above conditions, (1) the overturn due to the moment of the upper working plate 9, (2) the vertical load due to the weight of the structure,
(3) Stability due to earthquake load and (4) Stability during construction will be examined sequentially.

(1) Turning of the upper plate 9 due to moment load When an automobile passes through the road, it is conceivable that the upper plate 9 including the overhanging portion rotates around the action point F and turns. Therefore, the action point F below the valley side 13 of the upper working plate 9 is considered as the center of rotation, and the stability is examined based on the balance condition between the vehicle load and the own weight. As for the vehicle load, it is assumed that a wheel load 10t is applied as a B load at a position 25 cm from the end.

[0035] and the weight W _S of the weight W _A1 + W _A2 and sediment asphalt 2A, the sum W _A of the self-weight W _C1 + W _C2 + W _C3 of superstructure plate 9, the weight of the weight W ₁ and the overhang portion of the square portion It can be expressed as the sum with W ₂ . The sum W _A is 15.0t. Table 2 summarizes these results and necessary formulas.

[0036]

[Table 2]From Table 2, the superstructure without anchor bolt 8
The load condition for the overturn of the plate 9 will be examined. Based on action point F
The distance to the center of gravity of the top plate 12 is L₁ , Square part
Distance to the center of gravity of L_Two , The operating position of the vehicle load 10t
Distance to L _Three (0.75m), the safety factor F_S 
= 3, the equation is determined to be stable if Equation 2-12 holds.
It is. F for which the sign holds in equation 2-12_S The corresponding value is
1.64 (calculation omitted), smaller than 3, safety factor 3 satisfied
Not done.

Therefore, in order to satisfy the safety factor F _S = 3 in Equation 12, the permanent anchor 20 is replaced with a K5 type SWPR7B.
It is assumed that 11.0t is used, which is reinforced at an angle of 45 °, and recalculated by Expression 13. The vertical distance from the point of action F to the permanent anchor 20 is 1.4 m. In Expression 2-13, the value of F _S at which the equal sign is established is 3.51. Therefore, since the safety factor F _S = 3.0 is satisfied, the operation is stable.

In the above equation (2-13), considering the resultant weight acting on the structure and the resultant force due to the live load and the acting position, the vertical component T _y of the permanent anchor 20 is 7.78 t.
The resultant force R is shown in Equation 2-14, and the value is 32.7.
8t. Assuming that the distance from the action point F to the action position is L ₄ , from equation 2-15, L ₄ = 0.63 m,
The position is 0.37 m from the center of the embedded floor slab 10. With a constant load, it is considered stable if a resultant force acts within B / 3 = 0.67 m from the center. Therefore, B / 3 = 0.6
7> 0.37, which is stable. If the bottom surface of the embedding floor slab 10 is fixed to the soil cement 8 via the anchor bolts 8 in order to make the work safer, the action of preventing the rotation of the upper slab 9 is added to increase the safety. be able to.

(2) Bearing force due to its own weight Assuming that the vehicle load is a uniformly distributed load of 1.35 t / m ² , the stress applied to the soil cement 7 by its own weight including the upper plate 9 and the bearing force of the foundation 3 And consider. Table 3 summarizes the equations necessary for this calculation. First, the total sum P of the distributed loads is set to 8.1 t by multiplying the total area by 6 m. Own weight W
_O is 15 t according to Formula 2-9 in Table 2. Moreover, as already calculated, the load T _y by vertical component of the anchor 20 is 7.78T. Thus, the load P ₁ of the formula 3-2 applied to soil cement 7, 30 as the sum of these.
9t.

[0040]

[Table 3] On the other hand, the installation area A ₁ of the soil cement 7 is 4.0 m ²
And the compressive stress σ ₁ is 7.73 t / m ² . Therefore, considering the safety factor of 3.0, the strength of the soil cement 7 may be compounded and compacted so as to obtain a supporting force of 23.19 t / m ² or more, which is three times the safety factor. This is a value that does not cause any problem in practical use.

Next, the supporting force of the foundation 3 will be examined. The anchor steel material 4 uses K5 type SWPR7B 11.0t. The ground is rock wall CL class 100t / m ² ,
The safety factor is 3.0. The dimensions of the foundation 3 are height 1.0m,
It is assumed that the depth width is 1.5 m, the upper end depth width is 1.4 m, and the length is 2.0 m which is the length of the upper plate 9. Under these conditions, the weight W _C of the foundation 3 is represented by the formula 3-5 in Table 3 and
96t. The vertical component T _{y2 of the} force applied to the anchor steel member 4 installed at an angle of 45 ° is 7.78 t. Further, the contact area A ₂ between the ground and the concrete, the formula 3
It is 3 m ² from 7.

As described above, when the total load P ₂ including the own weight and the load including the weight W _B (30.95 t) of the soil cement 7 is applied to the area A ₂ , the supporting force σ ₂ per unit area is: According to Equation 3-10, it is 25.53 t / m ² , and the value of F _S corresponding to the equal sign of Equation 3-11 is 3.92, which indicates that stability can be verified.

(3) Investigation of Stability Due to Seismic Load When ground vibration due to an earthquake acts on a structure, generally, the horizontal component of the seismic motion is dominant. That is, it is conceivable that the structure collapses due to sliding due to the action of the horizontal force. Sliding of superstructure plate 9, sliding on concrete slab surface,
It is necessary to consider three states of slip at the boundary between the ground and the foundation 3.

First, the slip of the upper plate 9 will be examined. Let P _{3 be} the horizontal seismic force acting on the upper slab 9 caused by the earthquake, and P _{4 be the} horizontal seismic force acting on the soil cement 7 and the concrete block 6. Find the relationship between the reaction force due to friction and the horizontal pressure due to the anchor, and set the safety factor to 1.
Check that it is 5. Here, it is assumed that the upper working plate 9 and the lower working behave as one, and a stable calculation is performed on the assumption that slip failure occurs at the lowermost surface. The calculation formula is summarized in Table 4.

[0045]

[Table 4] The horizontal seismic forces P ₃ and P ₄ are 3.0 t and 6.2 t, respectively, according to equations 4-1 and 4-2 in Table 4. Horizontal reaction force P _F due to friction with the ground surface is 18.38t from equation 4-3 to frictional forces as 0.4. Horizontal pressure P of anchor 20
_a1 is 7.78t. When the stability is checked by Equation 4-5 from these relationships, the value of F _S when Equation 4-5 is satisfied by an equal sign is 2.8, which satisfies the safety factor F _S = 1.5. . From this point, it is confirmed that the fixing by the anchor bolt 8 in the vertical direction is a construction and further safety.

Next, the slip of the soil cement 7 on the foundation 3 will be examined. Horizontal reaction force P at the contact surface
_a3 is 6.0t as shown in Expression 4-6. Therefore,
In the discriminant according to Equation 4-7, the value of F _S satisfied by the equal sign is 4.59, so that F _S = 1.5 is satisfied and stable.

Further, considering the slip between the ground and the foundation 3, stability as a whole is examined. When the horizontal force P _a2 acting on foundation 3, with P _a1 = P _a2 of the same relationship as shown in Equation 4-4, this value is 7.78T. Also,
The horizontal seismic force P ₅ is a 1.4t than 4-9 equation. Further, the horizontal reaction force _Pa4 due to the ground contact surface with the ground is given by the equation 4-10.
It is 31.75t. Therefore, from these relationships, it is sufficient that the stability satisfies Expression 4-11. In Expression 4-11, the value of F _S when the equal sign is satisfied is 4.38, which satisfies F _S = 1.5 and is stable.

(4) Investigation of stability during construction The stability of the upper plate 9 during construction will be examined. The calculation formula is summarized in Table 5. The weight W _O of the concrete alone is 6.46 tons according to the formula 5-1. The weight (W _C1 + W _C2 ) of the square portion is 5.26 t, and the weight (W _C3 ) of the overhang portion is 1.2 t. Then, assuming that the resultant force W _O is acting at a position at a distance L5 from the point of action F, Equation 5
-2 is maintained. L ₅ = 0.4 m is obtained from this equation.
That is, the resultant force is within 0.4 of the embedding plate 10 from the point of action.
m.

This position is closer to the point of application of 0.6 than the center position of the embedded floor slab 10. Since this position is inside B / 3 (B is 2.0 m) from the center position of the embedded floor slab 10, it satisfies Expression 5-3 and is stable.

[0050]

[Table 5] In the examination of (4), the upper plate 9 is placed on the soil cement, the main rebar MRF is fixed, and the sequential work can be performed safely from the relationship of Expression 5-3. . However, since the operation is performed in a mountainous area, it is conceivable that the material is placed on the top plate 12 or an operator stands on the material. These working loads must be considered essentially zero. However, these working loads may be essential for the work. Therefore, in the construction of the superstructure, the anchor bolt 8 is constructed in accordance with the connection of the main reinforcement MRF, and the moment load corresponding to the fixing strength of the anchor bolt 8 is calculated by the formula 5-4. Safety factor F _S
To indicate the usable weight.
Formula 5-4 can work load W _M in on the top plate 12 similar to the fixing strength F ₈ of the anchor bolt, watches safety factor 3,
It is indicated that the value should be limited to 1/3 or less. This value is preferably displayed on the inside of the vertical plate 11 or on the top plate 12 after pre-casting, for example, such as "prohibition of load before fixing, up to 3 tons after fixing of vertical anchor", etc. . In order to increase the stability before fixing with the anchor bolt 8, the counterweight component can be fixed at a position near the mountain of the embedded floor slab 10.

As described above, in the road construction method of the present invention and the design of the upper plate used for the method, it is possible to secure a sufficient widening amount in accordance with the use situation and to perform a design capable of safe construction. Since the upper working plate 9 can guarantee a stable product quality as a precast product, it is possible to perform a reliable quality assurance as a working method, unlike the method of designing and installing at the site. In addition, unlike the various bridge construction methods, exceptionally inexpensive design is possible even on construction on steep slopes where cutting slopes is difficult. It is most suitable for widening roads in mountainous areas and widening work to secure a place where buses and other vehicles separate.

FIG. 4 shows a sectional model of the upper plate 9 as shown in FIG.
Illustrated. As shown in the drawing, the model of the present invention is characterized in that the cross section is Z-shaped or U-shaped. In the figure, members having the same functions as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Model 9- shown in FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes an embedded floor slab 10 in which a cavity 25 is provided.
As described above, the embedded floor slab 10 is used for the concrete 7 of the substructure.
It is sufficient that the embankment 21 can be placed on the upper part, so that it is possible to use a net or form a grid.

The model 9-2 shown in FIG. 4 (b) shows an example in which the embedded floor slab 10, the vertical slab 11, the top plate 12, and the beams 14, 15 are separately manufactured and assembled as a whole. As described above, the upper working plate 9 can be assembled, and is not limited to a precast concrete product, but may be a zinc-yielded steel plate or the like.

The model 9-3 shown in FIG. 4 (c) is an inclined plate 26 in which the vertical plate 11 is stopped and the upper side is inclined toward the valley side. In this case, the width of the top plate 12 is different from that of FIG. Thus, the wall slab is embedded floor slab 1
Since it is a condition that the road is extended to the outermost end position of the planned road with reference to the valley side end surface of 0, it is also possible to use an inclined plate instead of a vertical plate.

The model 9-4 shown in FIG.
An example is shown in which the inclination direction of the inclined plate 27 is reversed with respect to the model 9-3 of (c). In this case, the strength can be increased, but there is a disadvantage that the widths of both the embedded floor slab 10 and the top plate 12 are increased.

The model 9-5 shown in FIG.
An example is shown in which the inclined plate 29 is extended until the width of 8 is minimized. However, even in this case, since the fixing work of the permanent anchor 20 is performed at the upper part of the wall slab, it is better to leave an area for providing the opening 19 in the top slab 28. In any case, the embedded floor slab 10 is indispensable in order to perform sufficient embankment 21 and to obtain static and dynamic stability.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but can be implemented with appropriate modifications without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the present invention has been described as an example in which the present invention is used for road widening. However, it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to the construction of a new road.

[0058]

As described above, according to the present invention, an upper slab composed of an embedded slab and a wall slab that is linearly or curvedly extended to the outermost position of the planned road with respect to the valley side valley surface is provided. By using the embossed slab of the upper slab with the slab as the valley side on a substructure consisting of a foundation, a concrete block erected on the base, and concrete struck on the surface of the slab, the work safety is improved. For this purpose, anchor the concrete appropriately, anchor the upper part of the superstructure to the mountain slope, and calculate the distance between the separation of the wall slab and the mountain slope at the top of the embedded floor slab. This method can be used for general road development because the embankment of the specified amount is used to fill the road.Especially for road widening work in mountainous areas, widening work of the required width is performed while securing traffic on the existing road. Can be done and statically and dynamically stable Good road upon obtaining safety design can be planned reclamation.

The upper slab according to the present invention is the upper slab for use in the above-described road preparation method. The embedded slab is provided on the concrete of the lower slab in order to safely perform installation work. An anchor insertion hole for anchoring is formed, an anchor insertion hole for anchoring to the mountain slope is formed in the wall slab main body, and an anchor fixing work formed at the upper end of the anchor insertion hole is formed. The opening is formed in the upper surface of the wall slab, so that it can be factory-produced as a precast product and can be safely installed.

A foundation is formed below the mountain slope where the road is to be widened or formed, and a concrete block is erected above the valley side to a height lower than the planned road surface by a predetermined height, and between the back surface and the mountain slope. Lightweight concrete with a specific gravity of 2.0 or less is cast to form a substructure, and the embedded road slab placed in a horizontal position placed on the upper surface of the substructure and the valley-side end surface of the embedded floor slab are used as base points for the planned road. The embedding floor slab of the upper plate composed of the wall slab linearly or curvedly stretched to the outermost position is placed in alignment with the upper surface of the lower plate, and the foundation and the upper plate are placed on the pile. Using a high tough anchor to the slope, each firmly fixed, the upper and lower ends of the vertical streaks inserted in the vertical direction of the concrete block, respectively firmly fixed to the upper plate or the foundation, Concrete block during earthquake A road construction method which has flexibility against vibrations acting in the horizontal direction and burys earth and sand between the wall slab and the mountain slope at the upper part of the buried floor slab to form a road. In addition, the use of lightweight concrete for the substructure can reduce the inertial force in the horizontal direction during an earthquake, and the flexibility of the concrete block in the horizontal direction can absorb microvibrations in the horizontal direction during an earthquake. A strong and durable structure can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a structure of a road created by a road creation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a structure of an upper plate used for road construction shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a calculation model of the road creation method shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a model of a cross-sectional structure of an upper plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mountain 2 Existing road 2A Asphalt 3 Foundation 4 Anchor steel material 5 Grout milk 6 Concrete block 7 Concrete (soil cement) 8 Anchor bolt 9 Superstructure plate 10 Embedded floor slab 11 Vertical plate 11H Work hole 12, 28 Top plate 13 Valley 14, 15 Beam 16 Wire insertion hole 17, 18 Anchor insertion hole 19 Opening 20 Permanent anchor 21 Earth and sand (filled earth) 22 Guard rail 23 Widening road 24 Large vehicle 25 Cavity 26, 27, 29 Inclined version Model for MDL calculation MRF main bar F Action point

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2D048 AA46 2D051 AC08 AF03 AF11 AG01 AH02 AH03 BA04 BA05 BA07 DA18 DB03 DB04 DB15 DB16 DC09

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A foundation is formed below a mountain slope where a road is to be widened or formed, and a concrete block is erected on a valley side above the road to a height lower than a planned road surface by a predetermined height. A concrete part is cast in between to form a substructure, and the embedded floor slab in a horizontal position placed on the upper surface of the substructure and the valley-side end surface of the embedded floor slab as a base point to the outermost end position of the planned road The embedded slab of the upper slab consisting of a wall slab that is linearly or curvedly stretched is placed in alignment with the upper surface of the lower slab, and the embedded slab is anchored to the concrete of the lower slab. And an anchoring the upper part of the wall slab to the mountain slope, burying earth and sand between the wall slab and the mountain slope at the upper part of the embedded floor slab, and constructing a road. Method. 2. The upper slab for use in the method of road construction according to claim 1, wherein the embedded slab is anchored to concrete of the lower slab in order to safely perform installation work. An anchor insertion hole is formed in the wall slab main body, and an anchor insertion hole for anchoring to the mountain slope is formed in the wall slab main body. An upper plate, wherein an opening is formed in an upper surface of the wall plate. 3. A foundation is formed below a mountain slope where a road is desired to be widened or formed, and a concrete block is erected on a valley side above the road to a height lower than a planned road surface by a predetermined height. Lightweight concrete with a specific gravity of 2.0 or less is cast in between to form a substructure, and the plan is based on the embedded floor slab in a horizontal position placed on the upper surface of the substructure and the valley side end surface of the embedded floor slab. The embedding floor slab of an upper plate composed of a wall slab extended linearly or curvedly to the outermost position of the road is placed in alignment with the upper surface of the lower member, and the foundation and the upper plate are laid. Using a high tough anchor for the mountain slope, respectively, firmly fixed, the upper and lower ends of the vertical streaks inserted in the vertical direction of the concrete block, respectively firmly fixed to the upper plate or the foundation The concrete block A road construction method comprising: providing flexibility to vibrations acting in a horizontal direction, and burying earth and sand between the wall slab and the mountain slope at an upper part of the buried floor slab to form a road.