CN108101741A - 一种炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法 - Google Patents
一种炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000009876 asymmetric hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 methoxyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- YUWFEBAXEOLKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylbenzene Chemical class CC1=C(C)C(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1C YUWFEBAXEOLKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002732 mesitylenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WQIQNKQYEUMPBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylcyclopentadiene Chemical compound CC1C(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1C WQIQNKQYEUMPBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- BEZDDPMMPIDMGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylbenzene Chemical class CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1C BEZDDPMMPIDMGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 22
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZYMCBJWUWHHVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-nitrophenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZYMCBJWUWHHVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006275 3-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(Br)=C([H])C(*)=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 description 2
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 description 2
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QDJZBFLFHUMZBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylene;bromobenzene Chemical group C#C.BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QDJZBFLFHUMZBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSZVOXHGCKKOLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Ethynyltoluene Chemical class CC1=CC=C(C#C)C=C1 KSZVOXHGCKKOLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007848 Bronsted acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- YLIAWYPQYFNYRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N C#C.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 Chemical group C#C.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 YLIAWYPQYFNYRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJCXIEGDXCAKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(c1cc2ccccc2cc1)OC Chemical compound CC(c1cc2ccccc2cc1)OC WJCXIEGDXCAKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTDTYSBVMBQIBT-LURJTMIESA-N C[C@@H](c(cc1)ccc1Br)O Chemical compound C[C@@H](c(cc1)ccc1Br)O XTDTYSBVMBQIBT-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000255964 Pieridae Species 0.000 description 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical class CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UISZKHSCSVDZMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylene nitrobenzene Chemical class C#C.[N+](=O)([O-])C1=CC=CC=C1 UISZKHSCSVDZMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HFPZCAJZSCWRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cymene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 HFPZCAJZSCWRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009901 transfer hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/132—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group
- C07C29/136—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH
- C07C29/143—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of ketones
- C07C29/145—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of ketones with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
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- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B41/00—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing oxygen
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C201/00—Preparation of esters of nitric or nitrous acid or of compounds containing nitro or nitroso groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C201/06—Preparation of nitro compounds
- C07C201/12—Preparation of nitro compounds by reactions not involving the formation of nitro groups
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- C07C45/26—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by hydration of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法,该方法以廉价易得的炔烃I为原料,经过步骤1):以含氟的醇和水为溶剂,在三氟甲烷磺酸催化下发生水合反应生成中间体酮;步骤2):直接在反应体系中加入单磺酰手性二胺与金属钌或铑或铱的络合物为催化剂,并加入碱,充入1‑10Mpa的氢气,不对称氢化反应得到产物II。“两步一锅法”,不需要分离纯化中间体,操作简便,底物适用范围广、对映选择性高。具体反应通式如下:
Description
技术领域
本发明属于不对称催化技术领域,具体涉及一种炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法。
背景技术
手性醇是重要的医药中间体和化工原料,通常以酮为原料经过不对称还原或者与有机金属试剂不对称加成来制备。炔烃是一种便宜易得的化工原料,从炔烃出发直接合成手性醇,具有原子经济性、步骤经济性等优点。文献报道炔烃在100℃下以甲酸为溶剂可以生成酮,然后在反应体系中加入碱调控pH值到中性,再加入手性二胺铑络合物为催化剂,通过不对称转移氢化得到手性醇(Green Chem.2013,15,2685–2689),该方法需要用到过量的甲酸和碱,反应温度高。本发明报道一种以炔烃为原料,三氟乙醇为溶剂,20mol%三氟甲烷磺酸为催化剂,40℃反应4小时生成中间体酮,然后在反应体系中加入0.5当量的碱和手性二胺金属络合物催化剂,充入20MPa氢气,在40℃下发生不对称氢化合成手性醇。该方法具有反应条件简单、温和,底物适应范围广,对映选择性高等优点。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法。该方法以炔烃为原料,采取“两步一锅法”策略,步骤1):水合反应;步骤2):单磺酰手性二胺与金属钌或铑或铱的络合物催化的不对称氢化;不需分离纯化中间体,炔烃直接转化成手性醇,反应通式如下:
所述化合物I或II,Ar选自或
R是氢、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷基氧基、三氟甲基、氟、氯、溴、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基中的任意一种;
上面给出的化合物I或II的定义中,所用术语不论单独使用还是用在复合词中,代表如下取代基:
卤素:指氟、氯、溴、碘;
烷基:指直链或支链烷基;
卤代烷基:指直链或支链烷基,在这些烷基上的氢原子部分或全部被卤原子取代。
所述步骤1):水合反应的溶剂为含氟醇和水的混合物,进一步优选为:1毫升三氟乙醇和2当量水或者1毫升六氟异丙醇和2当量水;
所述步骤1):水合反应的催化剂为布朗斯特酸,进一步优选为:20mol%三氟甲磺酸;
所述步骤1):水合反应的温度为25-70℃;反应时间为4-48小时;
所述步骤2):不对称氢化所用催化剂为(R,R)-或(S,S)-N-单磺酰-二芳基手性乙二胺与过渡金属钌或铑或者铱的配合物,其结构通式如式III、式IV所示,
所述结构通式III和IV中,M为Ru、Rh或Ir;
Ar为苯基或对甲氧基、甲基取代的苯基、萘基;
R为-CH3、-CF3、-C6H5、4-CH3C6H4、4-CF3C6H4、4-(t-Bu)-C6H4-、3,4-(CH3)2-C6H3-、2,4,6-(CH3)3-C6H2-、2,6-Cl2-C6H3-、2,4,6-(i-Pr)3-C6H2-、C6F5、或萘基;
R’为H、CH3或i-Pr;
L为苯、1,4-二甲基苯、1-甲基-4-异丙基苯、1,3,5-三甲基苯、1,2,3,4,5-五甲基苯、1,2,3,4,5,6-六甲基苯或五甲基环戊二烯;
X为Cl-、[OTf]-、[PF6]-、[BF4]-、[SbF6]-或手性磷酸阴离子;
Y为C或O。
所述步骤2):不对称氢化所用催化剂,进一步优选,代表性催化剂结构如下:
所述步骤2):不对称氢化,需要加入碱,进一步优选为:0.5当量的KOH;
所述步骤2):不对称氢化,氢源为1-10Mpa的高纯氢气,优选为:2MPa;
所述步骤2):不对称氢化,反应温度为25-80℃,进一步优选为:40℃。
本发明所涉及的一种炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法,该方法以廉价易得的炔烃I为原料,经过步骤1):以含氟的醇和水为溶剂,在三氟甲烷磺酸催化下发生水合反应生成中间体酮;步骤2):直接在反应体系中加入单磺酰手性二胺与金属钌或铑或铱的络合物为催化剂,充入氢气,不对称氢化反应得到产物II。“两步一锅法”,不需要分离纯化中间体,操作简便,底物适用范围广、对映选择性高。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,对本发明作进一步说明,但本发明并不限于以下实施例。
本发明中所用手性催化剂通用制备方法,以催化剂A合成为例:0.005mmol(S,S)-N-五氟苯磺酰二苯基手性乙二胺和0.0025mmol[Ru(cymene)]2Cl2溶解在0.5毫升二氯甲烷中,加入0.005mmol三乙胺,室温下反应30分钟,水洗,水相用1毫升二氯甲烷萃取3次,合并后浓缩至干得到催化剂A,直接用于催化反应。
实施例1:(S)-1-苯乙醇的不对称合成
将0.5mmol的苯乙炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,9uL),H2O(2equiv.,20uL),CF3CH2OH(1mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.005mmol催化剂A,KOH(0.25mmol,14mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入2Mpa的氢气,40℃反应24小时。反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:35%(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1),HPLC测定产物(S)-1-苯乙醇的ee值为63%的。HPLC分离条件:手性柱大赛璐OD-H柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=97:3(体积比),流速:1.0毫升/分钟,波长:220纳米,柱温:30摄氏度,t1=11.58分钟,t2=13.82分钟;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.43-7.37(m,4H),7.34-7.30(m,1H),4.93(dd,J1=12.8Hz,J2=12.8Hz,1H),2.03(s,3H),1.54(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=145.83,128.53,127.50,125.41,70.44,25.19ppm.
实施例2:(S)-1-苯乙醇的不对称合成
将0.5mmol的苯乙炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,9uL),H2O(2equiv.,20uL),CF3CH2OH(1mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.005mmol催化剂F,KOH(0.25mmol,14mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入2Mpa的氢气,40℃反应24小时。反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:65%(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1),HPLC测定产物(S)-1-苯乙醇的ee值为99%的。
实施例3:(S)-1-苯乙醇的不对称合成(克级反应)
将1.2克(12mmol)的苯乙炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,216uL),H2O(2equiv.,480uL),CF3CH2OH(5mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.12mmol催化剂C,KOH(6mmol,336mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入4Mpa的氢气,40℃反应24小时。反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:92%(1.32克)(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1),HPLC测定产物(S)-1-苯乙醇的ee值为99%的。
实施例4:(S)-1-苯乙醇的不对称合成
将0.5mmol的苯乙炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,9uL),H2O(2equiv.,20uL),CF3CH2OH(1mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.005mmol催化剂E,KOH(0.25mmol,14mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入2Mpa的氢气,40℃反应24小时。反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:40%(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1),HPLC测定产物(S)-1-苯乙醇的ee值为77%的。
实施例5:(S)-1-苯乙醇的不对称合成
将0.5mmol的苯乙炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,9uL),H2O(2equiv.,20uL),CF3CH2OH(1mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.005mmol催化剂F,KOH(0.25mmol,14mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入2Mpa的氢气,40℃反应24小时。反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:67%(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1),HPLC测定产物(S)-1-苯乙醇的ee值为80%的。
实施例6:(S)-1-(4-甲基苯基)乙醇的不对称合成
将0.5mmol的4-甲基苯乙炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,9uL),H2O(2equiv.,20uL),CF3CH2OH(1mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.005mmol催化剂C,KOH(0.25mmol,14mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入2Mpa的氢气,40℃反应24小时。反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:85%(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)HPLC测定产物(S)-1-(4-甲基苯基)乙醇的ee值为99%,HPLC分离条件:手性柱大赛璐OJ-H柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=95:5(体积比),流速:1.0毫升/分钟,波长:220纳米,柱温:30摄氏度,t1=10.14分钟,t2=11.59分钟;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.31(dd,J1=6.0Hz,J2=6.0Hz,2H),7.21(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),4.90(dd,J1=13.2Hz,J2=13.2Hz,1H),2.39(s,3H),1.97(s,1H),1.52(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=142.90,137.16,129.18,125.38,70.26,25.10,21.12ppm.
实施例7:(S)-1-(4-氟苯基)乙醇的不对称合成
将0.5mmol的4-氟苯乙炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,9uL),H2O(2equiv.,20uL),CF3CH2OH(1mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.005mmol催化剂C,KOH(0.25mmol,14mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入2Mpa的氢气,40℃反应24小时。反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:96%(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)HPLC测定产物(S)-1-(4-氟苯基)乙醇的ee值为95%,HPLC分离条件:手性柱大赛璐AS-H柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=98:2(体积比),流速:1.0毫升/分钟,波长:220纳米,柱温:30摄氏度,t1=13.78分钟,t2=15.62分钟;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.37-7.34(m,2H),7.05(t,J=8.8Hz,2H),4.90(dd,J1=13.2Hz,J2=13.2Hz,1H),2.27(s,1H),1.49(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=162.35(d,J=243.6Hz,1C),141.53(d,J=3.2Hz,1C),127.08(d,J=8.0Hz,2C),115.22(d,J=21.2Hz,2C),69.74,25.27ppm.
实施例8:(S)-1-(4-硝基苯基)乙醇的不对称合成
将0.5mmol的4-硝基苯乙炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,9uL),H2O(2equiv.,20uL),(CF3)2CHOH(1mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.005mmol催化剂C,KOH(0.25mmol,14mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入2Mpa的氢气,40℃反应24小时。反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:62%(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)HPLC测定产物(S)-1-(4-硝基苯基)乙醇的ee值为80%,HPLC分离条件:手性柱大赛璐OJ-H柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=95:5(体积比),流速:1.0毫升/分钟,波长:254纳米,柱温:30摄氏度,t1=30.10分钟,t2=32.23分钟;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=8.21(dd,J1=6.8Hz,J2=6.8Hz,2H),7.57-7.55(m,2H),5.03(dd,J1=14.2Hz,J2=14.2Hz,1H),2.37(s,1H),1.54(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=153.17,147.13,126.15,123.76,69.50,25.51ppm.
实施例9:(S)-1-(4-溴苯基)乙醇的不对称合成
将0.5mmol的4-溴苯乙炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,9uL),H2O(2equiv.,20uL),CF3CH2OH(1mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.005mmol催化剂C,KOH(0.25mmol,14mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入2Mpa的氢气,40℃反应24小时。反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:89%(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1),HPLC测定产物(S)-1-(4-溴苯基)乙醇的ee值为97%,HPLC分离条件:手性柱大赛璐OD-H柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=95:5(体积比),流速:1.0毫升/分钟,波长:220纳米,柱温:30摄氏度,t1=8.45分钟,t2=9.11分钟;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.52-7.49(m,2H),7.30-7.27(m,2H),4.90(dd,J1=12.8Hz,J2=12.8Hz,1H),2.04(s,1H),1.50(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=144.78,131.56,127.16,121.17,69.79,25.26ppm.
实施例10:(S)-1-(3-溴苯基)乙醇的不对称合成
将0.5mmol的3-溴苯乙炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,9uL),H2O(2equiv.,20uL),CF3CH2OH(1mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.005mmol催化剂C,KOH(0.25mmol,14mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入2Mpa的氢气,40℃反应24小时。反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:82%(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)HPLC测定产物(S)-1-(3-溴苯基)乙醇的ee值为95%,HPLC分离条件:手性柱大赛璐OD-H柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=95:5(体积比),流速:1.0毫升/分钟,波长:220纳米,柱温:30摄氏度,t1=8.40分钟,t2=9.21分钟;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.54(t,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.43-7.40(m,1H),7.30-7.21(m,1H),4.84(dd,J1=13.2Hz,J2=13.2Hz,1H),2.56(s,1H),1.48(d,J=6.8Hz,3H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=148.14,130.44,130.11,128.58,124.05,122.59,69.69,25.23ppm.
实施例11:(S)-1-(2,5-二氯苯基)乙醇的不对称合成
将0.5mmol的2,5-二氯苯乙炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,9uL),H2O(2equiv.,20uL),CF3CH2OH(1mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.005mmol催化剂C,KOH(0.25mmol,14mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入2Mpa的氢气,40℃反应24小时。反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:79%(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)HPLC测定产物(S)-1-(2,5-二氯苯基)乙醇的ee值为87%,HPLC分离条件:手性柱大赛璐OD-H柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=99:1(体积比),流速:1.0毫升/分钟,波长:220纳米,柱温:30摄氏度,t1=17.85分钟,t2=20.00分钟;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.51(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.34(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),7.27(dd,J1=8.4Hz,J2=8.4Hz,1H),5.22(dd,J1=12.8Hz,J2=12.8Hz,1H),2.78(s,1H),1.45(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=141.72,133.34,132.09,129.06,127.48,127.41,66.50,23.58ppm.
实施例12:(S)-1-苯己醇的不对称合成
将0.5mmol的1-苯己炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,9uL),H2O(2equiv.,20uL),CF3CH2OH(1mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.005mmol催化剂C,KOH(0.25mmol,14mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入2Mpa的氢气,40℃反应24小时。反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:75%(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)HPLC测定产物(S)-1-苯己醇的ee值为93%,HPLC分离条件:手性柱大赛璐OD-H柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=99:1(体积比),流速:1.0毫升/分钟,波长:220纳米,柱温:30摄氏度,t1=19.25分钟,t2=20.70分钟;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.38(dd,J1=5.2Hz,J2=8.4Hz,2H),7.33-7.31(m,J=6.0Hz,2H),4.68(dd,J1=7.2Hz,J2=7.6Hz,1H),2.14(s,1H),1.77-1.73(m,1H),1.48-1.44(m,1H),1.37-1.31(m,5H),0.92(dd,J1=6.4Hz,J2=6.4Hz,3H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=145.00,128.42,127.46,125.94,74.70,39.10,31.77,25.54,22.61,14.07ppm.
实施例13:(S)-1-萘乙醇的不对称合成
将0.5mmol的萘乙炔加入到试管中,依次加入CF3SO3H(20mol%,9uL),H2O(2equiv.,20uL),CF3CH2OH(1mL),40℃反应4h后,加入0.005mmol催化剂C,KOH(0.25mmol,14mg),将反应试管置于高压反应釜中,置换3次,然后充入2Mpa的氢气,40℃反应结束后用水洗,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相浓缩至干,分离产率:90%(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)HPLC测定产物(S)-1-萘乙醇的ee值为93%,HPLC分离条件:手性柱大赛璐OJ-H柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=95:5(体积比),流速:1.0毫升/分钟,波长:230纳米,柱温:30摄氏度,t1=24.22分钟,t2=32.55分钟;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.89-7.85(m,4H),7.56-7.49(m,3H),5.13-5.08(m,1H),2.08(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),1.62(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=143.21,133.39,132.94,128.34,127.96,127.70,126.18,125.83,123.85,123.83,70.56,25.17ppm.
Claims (8)
1.一种炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤1):以含氟的醇和水为溶剂,在三氟甲烷磺酸催化下发生水合反应生成中间体酮;
步骤2):直接在反应体系中间体酮中加入单磺酰手性二胺与金属钌或铑或铱的络合物为催化剂,并加入碱,充入1-10Mpa的氢气,不对称氢化反应得到产物II,反应通式如下;
2.权利要求1所述的炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法,其特征在于,
其中,Ar选自
R是氢、C1-C10烷基、C1-C10烷基氧基、卤代烷基、卤素、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、芳基中的任意一种;
上面给出的化合物I或II的定义中,所用术语不论单独使用还是用在复合词中,代表如下取代基:
卤素:指氟、氯、溴、碘;
烷基:指直链或支链烷基;
卤代烷基:指直链或支链烷基,在这些烷基上的氢原子部分或全部被卤原子取代。
3.权利要求1所述的炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法,其特征在于,所述的含氟醇和水的混合物溶剂包括三氟乙醇,六氟异丙醇。
4.权利要求1所述的炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法,其特征在于,所述的布朗斯特酸博客三氟乙酸、三氟甲磺酸。
5.权利要求1所述的炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法,其特征在于,所述的催化剂(R,R)-或(S,S)-N-单磺酰-二芳基手性乙二胺与过渡金属钌或铑或者铱的络合物,其结构通式如式III、式IV所示,
所述结构通式III和IV中,M为Ru、Rh或Ir;
Ar为苯基或对甲氧基、甲基取代的苯基、萘基;
R为-CH3、-CF3、-C6H5、4-CH3C6H4、4-CF3C6H4、4-(t-Bu)-C6H4-、3,4-(CH3)2-C6H3-、2,4,6-(CH3)3-C6H2-、2,6-Cl2-C6H3-、2,4,6-(i-Pr)3-C6H2-、C6F5、或萘基;
R’为H、CH3或i-Pr;
L为苯、1,4-二甲基苯、1-甲基-4-异丙基苯、1,3,5-三甲基苯、1,2,3,4,5-五甲基苯、1,2,3,4,5,6-六甲基苯或五甲基环戊二烯;
X为Cl-、[OTf]-、[PF6]-、[BF4]-、[SbF6]-或手性磷酸阴离子;
Y为C或O。
6.权利要求1所述的炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法,其特征在于,单磺酰手性二胺与金属钌或铑或铱的配合物的具体结构如下:
中的任意一种。
7.权利要求1所述的炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法,其特征在于,所述的碱为KOH或NaOH。
8.权利要求1所述的炔烃水合/不对称氢化串联合成手性醇的方法,其特征在于,所述的氢气的纯度为99.9%及以上;不对称氢化反应温度为25-80℃,进一步优选为:40℃。
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