CN1080988C - Screen-type accurate seeding machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a screen type accurate seeding machine. The shape and the specification of each seed measuring hole on a seed measuring board with holes in a screening and measuring disc are the same with the shape and the specification of a seed to be sown, and the seed to be sown can be just put into the hole. The number and the arrangement rule of seed measuring holes are determined by the number of seedlings in each planting cave of a crop to be transplantated and the arrangement rule of small pots in a seedling raising disc. Seeds to be sown are rotated into the seed measuring holes during the screening and rotating process of the screening and measuring disc, so the seeds can be sown effectively, and the sowing quantity can selected between 1 to 2 granules and 3 to 12 granules. When the seed measuring board with holes and a seed feed board with holes are removed and replaced, the present invention can adapt to the seedling raising and the sowing of various transplanting machines for transplanted crops whose seedlings are raised from seeds.

Description

Screen-type accurate seeding machinery

The present invention relates to a kind of precision drilling machinery that is used to transplant crop rice transplanting machinery seeding and growing seedling.

The rice shoot of transplanting the cultivation of crop rice transplanting machinery not only requires the complete unanimity of specification, also requires the seeding quantity unanimity in every cave, and unanimity is counted in the strain of promptly every root and stem of certain plants growth.At present both at home and abroad the seeding machinery that occurs can't reach the requirement of machine rice transplantation seeding and growing seedling, particularly will reach hybrid rice and nonirrigated farmland and transplant crop machinery and transplant seeding and growing seedling every cave 1-2 grain or 1 's requirement and also differ fartherly.When Jian'ou, Fujian seedling thrower pilot is tested, seeding quantity is adjusted to routine as the 2ZBA-600 rice seeder of China Agricultural University's development and plant every cave 5-6 grain, crossbreed 2-3 grain.According to test: hole rate＜10% when broadcasting conventional the kind, qualification rate＞85% is broadcast crossbreed hole rate＜20%, and qualification rate＞80% does not all reach the technical indicator that this machine is demarcated.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of precision drilling machinery that can reach the every cave of seeding quantity 1-12 grain, particularly can reach the precision drilling machinery of the every cave of seeding quantity 1-2 grain, paddy rice rice transplanter tool is transplanted to adapt to, rice seedling throwing machinery is thrown and planted the seeding and growing seedling of transplanting crop rice transplanting machine rice transplantation with the nonirrigated farmland.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the most important amount-screening disc of forming this screen-type accurate seeding machine is made up of seed-measuring hole plate and seeding orifice plate.The shape in the amount kind hole on the seed-measuring hole plate and specification size is shape or the approximate shapes and the specification size of the seed that will broadcast, and make the seed that will broadcast can just load hole in, measure on the seedling sheet that the quantity of planting the hole is the seedling square position or the seeding quantity in the little alms bowl body of seedling alms bowl dish, the queueing discipline in amount kind of hole be on the seedling sheet of seedling square position or the little alms bowl alms bowl of seedling alms bowl dish in seed and the queueing discipline of little alms bowl body, make the rice shoot strictness of cultivation reach the planting requirement of respectively transplanting crop.Seed in amount kind of the hole is to do the circular motion of a suitable length radius and both sides to move up and down as several times and carry out the revolving force that produces in the process synchronously on the amount-screening disc both sides, each is measured in kind of hole to force seed to be packed into, top and the suitable tapering of bottom formation because of each amount kind of hole make the interior seed of load hole rotate and move up and down in the process on the amount-screening disc both sides and can not jump out outside the hole.Because the amount-screening disc both sides move up and down as several times, the interior seed of dish is being rotated from the left side shift to the right again, rotating from the right again and shifting to the left side, increase the chance in the seed load hole, reach repeatedly the sieve amount and effectively sow.The seeding orifice plate is close under the seed-measuring hole plate, and makes the seeding orifice plate be close to seed-measuring hole plate to move back and forth a certain length that needs.The shape of feed outlet, quantity and queueing discipline are identical with the amount kind hole on the seed-measuring hole plate on the seeding orifice plate, and just the specification of feed outlet will be made a gesture of measuring kind of a hole and suitably strengthens, and the seed in the amount of the making kind hole enters in the seedling dish by feed outlet easily.The making of feed outlet for convenience, to those granule seeds, the arrangement occupied area in amount kind of hole is less than or equal to 1/2 o'clock of the interior little alms bowl bulk area of seedling dish, the area size of feed outlet is total arrangement area in an amount kind hole on the little alms bowl alms bowl area on the seeding orifice plate, amount-screening disc rotates to be adorned when planting, amount kind hole on the seed-measuring hole plate and the feed outlet on the seeding orifice plate stagger, the plate of the amount of making kind hole and seeding orifice plate is in the face of accurate, seed in the amount of the preventing kind hole drops before seeding, as long as the feed outlet that the length that makes the seeding orifice plate move a certain needs during seeding is aimed on the seeding orifice plate amount kind hole on the seed-measuring hole plate just can enter the seed in the amount kind hole in the seedling dish by feed outlet; The arrangement occupied area in equivalent kind hole greater than a little alms bowl bulk area in the seedling dish 1/2 or when equaling in the seedling dish little alms bowl bulk area the seeding orifice plate do not make feed outlet and be seeding board, promptly enter in nutrition seedling cultivation in earthen plate or the square position by the seed in the mobile seeding board amount of the making kind hole, operation is same effectively simple.

Test by various amount-screening disc sowings: hybrid rice is sowed every cave 1-2 grain, corn, cotton, jowar, peanut, beans, vegetables every cave monoseedings such as (wild cabbages), and uniformity qualification rate reaches 95%-100% (rare hole); Conventional rice is sowed every cave 5-6 grain, many the sowings in every cave such as beans, greengrocery uniformity qualification rate reaches 95%-100% (no hole), the sowing process does not have the speciogenesis of wound, save seed 30%-50% than artificial and prior art sowing, seed-measuring hole plate and the seeding orifice plate changed in amount-screening disc or the amount-screening disc can adapt to all crop seed sowings.Shop soil, earthing are even, and it is inferior that about 8-16 sows a dish second.

The present invention also is described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings by following examples.

Fig. 1 is the structural map of the screen-type accurate seeding machine that proposes of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the structure chart of beet pier soil machine.

Fig. 1 is described to be the structure of screen-type accurate seeding machine, mainly is made up of electromotor, change gearbox, casting case, soil scrapper, the earthenware that collapses, seeding box, amount-screening disc, earthing case, canvas apron transmission, chain gear transmission and frame etc.

1, the electric electromechanics motivation 39, by V belt power passed to change gearbox 38.

2, the power of change gearbox electromotor is passed to canvas apron 1 by change gearbox 38 with power one tunnel, carries the seedling dish to each operating position; Two the tunnel pass to casting case 4, soil scrapper 10, the earthenware 12 that collapses, seeding box 17, earthing case 25 carry out seedling dish shop soil, the soil that collapses, scraping, seeding box seeding and the work of seedling dish earth backing; Three the tunnel pass to amount-screening disc moves down bar 23, and amount-screening disc 19 is sowed and seed-distributing operation, and three groups of work are intermittently constantly carried out by turns, finish whole sowing process.

3, casting case casting case 4 is used for casting, mainly form by casting orifice plate (not drawing among the figure) and the dumper 5 and the even earthenware 6 that are contained in the case, power is passed to casting transmission case 9 through chain drive 41, under its effect, dumper and even earthenware are moved back and forth in case, the tail end of dumper leaves the earth discharging hole on the casting box plate in moving process, nutrition soil is entered in the seedling dish, and even earthenware simultaneously the soil of the nutrition in the case evenly; Casting is intact, and the tail end of dumper is parked in the earth discharging hole position earth discharging hole is blocked, and anti-leak-stopping soil takes place.

4, soil scrapper soil scrapper 10 mainly is made up of scraping plate (not drawing among the figure), receipts soil box 31.Soil scrapper is wipeed the nutrition on the seedling dish of process on conveyer belt soil off, and the nutrition soil that scrapes entered receives in the soil box recovery and use.

5, the earthenware that collapses collapses earthenware 12 mainly by the earthenware head 11 that collapses, the earthenware installing rack 13 that collapses, crank 7, and connecting rod 8 is formed.Power is passed to the native transmission case 44 that collapses through chain drive 42 and drive the earthenware that the collapses soil that collapses under its effect, makes the nutrition soil pressure in the little alms bowl body real by the soil that collapses, and prevents that the nutrition soil in the little alms bowl body is built on stilts, and about 1 centimeter in the soil of generally collapsing is used for earthing after planting.

6, seeding box seeding box 17 mainly is made up of the seeding valve 16, belt 14 and the belt pulley 15 that are contained in the case.The power of casting transmission case 9 is passed to seeding valve 16 by belt 14 and belt pulley 15, makes seeding box supply with a certain amount of seed for amount-screening disc off and on.

7, amount-screening disc amount-screening disc 19 mainly is made up of seed-measuring hole plate (not drawing among the figure), seeding orifice plate or seeding board (not drawing among the figure).The both sides of amount-screening disc are installed on the gear frame 18,22 by axle sleeve, can rotate around gear frame.The shape in the amount kind hole on the seed-measuring hole plate and specification size is shape or the approximate shapes and the specification size of the crop seed that will broadcast, and make the seed that will broadcast can just load hole in, the quantity in amount kind of hole be on the seedling sheet of seedling square position or the little alms bowl body of seedling alms bowl dish in seeding quantity, the queueing discipline in amount kind of hole be on the seedling sheet of seedling square position or the little alms bowl body of seedling alms bowl dish in seed and the queueing discipline of little alms bowl body; For the seed in the amount of the preventing kind hole outside the hole is jumped out in operating process, suitable tapering is made, the smaller lower dimension of upper dimension in the amount of making kind hole in the top and the bottom in amount kind of hole.Shape, quantity and the queueing discipline in the amount kind hole on the shape of the feed outlet on the seeding orifice plate, quantity and queueing discipline and the seed-measuring hole plate are identical, but the specification of feed outlet will be made a gesture of measuring kind of a hole and suitably strengthen, and the seed in the amount of the making kind hole can enter in the little alms bowl body or square position of seedling dish by feed outlet smoothly.The seeding orifice plate is close to below the seed-measuring hole plate, and before the seeding, the amount kind hole on the seed-measuring hole plate and the feed outlet of seeding orifice plate stagger, and the plate of the amount of making kind hole and seeding orifice plate is in the face of accurate, makes that the seed in the amount of the preventing kind hole drops before seeding in the operating process.Change seed-measuring hole plate and seeding orifice plate or seeding board in amount-screening disc or the dish and can be fit to the seeding and growing seedling of all transplanting crop rice transplanting machinery.

8, the transmission of canvas apron transmission canvas apron mainly is made up of canvas apron 1, cylinder 32 and fixed thereon 's locking plate 3.Power is passed to canvas apron transmission case 48 through chain drive 40 and is driven the conveyer belt rotation, is used to carry the seedling dish to each operating position.

9, the structure of earthing case earthing case 25 is identical with casting case 4, mainly forms by being contained in the dumper 5 in the case, even earthenware 6, casting orifice plate (not drawing among the figure).Power is passed to earthing transmission case 28 through chain drive 34, under its effect, dumper and even earthenware are moved back and forth in case, the tail end of dumper leaves the earth discharging hole on the casting box plate in moving process, earthing in the seedling dish that nutrition soil is entered sowed, even earthenware simultaneously the soil of the nutrition in the case evenly, dumper is when quitting work, the tail end of dumper is parked in the earth discharging hole position, earth discharging hole is blocked, anti-leak-stopping soil takes place, about about 1 centimeter of earthing covers seed, grows in order to seed sprouting.

10, the frame frame is divided into upper spider 47 and lower bearing bracket 45, and upper spider and lower bearing bracket joint are equipped with adjusts cover 33, is used to adjust the distance between casting case, soil scrapper, the earthenware that collapses, amount-screening disc, earthing case and the canvas apron, is convenient to the beet sowing.

The screen-type accurate seeding machine course of work is performed such: according to the requirement of Different Crop rice transplanting to rice shoot, select seedling dish, amount-screening disc or seed-measuring hole plate and seeding orifice plate or seeding board for use, and amount-screening disc is installed on the gear frame 18,22.The nutrition soil that inspection is got ready is transferred and is mixed evenly, and humidity is suitable, is beneficial to dress soil, earthing, does not produce cloud again and pollutes the place, space.Excessive as humidity, it is suitable to dry humidity, has will transferring again of caking to mix evenly, sieve.

The work beginning, the seedling dish of choosing, canvas apron coil position 2 fully and a seedling dish is respectively put in casting case 4 positions, and the seedling dish is snapped in the locking plate 3 of canvas apron, the nutrition soil of getting ready is packed in the casting case 4, nutrition soil installs to align with even earthenware 6 tops in the case and gets final product, and need not adorn soil too much, and earthenware work is spared in overslaugh.

Machine, under the effect of the seedling dish under the casting case dumper and even earthenware in case, install nutrition soil, under the drive of canvas apron, smooth through soil scrapper 10, again through the earthenware 12 that the collapses soil that collapses, before will entering the sowing position, promptly when the sower amount-screening disc periodically stops, the seed of choosing is packed in the seeding box 17, under the effect of seeding valve 16, an amount of seed is entered in the amount-screening disc 19.When the seedling dish that coils the position fully enters casting case position, refill a seedling dish at once, and the seedling dish be snapped in the locking plate of canvas apron.The seedling dish that installs nutrition soil enters behind the soil that collapses when sowing the position to be sowed.The sowing process of amount-screening disc is performed such: the both sides of amount-screening disc 19 are installed on the gear frame 18,22 by axle sleeve, the gear frame on amount-screening disc both sides is fixed on axle 36 and the axle 35, it is the circular motion of radius that amount-screening disc is done with the rotating turret around gear frame, and the seed in the dish is rotated.Axle 36 lower end by spline housing in the axle of lower end, making upper shaft not only can drive upper shaft when the lower end axle rotates rotates together, can also under the effect of connecting rod 20, crank 21, move up and down, make the seed in the dish shift to the right from the kinds of bank deposits position, the left side of amount-screening disc, retract kinds of bank deposits position, the left side by the right again.Power is passed to gear frame by chain drive 37 during work, drive amount-screening disc and make circular motion around gear frame two limits, the left end of amount-screening disc is that fulcrum moves up and down by sowing transmission case 43 drivening rods 20, crank 21 with the gear frame of right-hand member, amount-screening disc is finished once sowing, the left end of the amount-screening disc several times that move up and down, the both sides of amount-screening disc move up and down in the process making circular motion and left end, the seed sieve is screwed in each amount kind of hole, and the residue seed sieve outside amount kind of the hole is shifted to the left end kinds of bank deposits position of amount-screening disc.The amount-screening disc that sieve has been measured seed moves down bar 23 at amount-screening disc and moves down under driving, seeding orifice plate or seeding board move under spring or push pedal device (not drawing among the figure) effect when amount-screening disc is displaced downwardly to lower dead center to the left or to the right, make feed outlet or mobile seeding board on the amount kind hole aligning seeding orifice plate on the seed-measuring hole plate, seed in the amount of the making kind hole enters in the little alms bowl body or square position of seedling dish, finish the planting seed process, seeding orifice plate or seeding board rise at amount-screening disc and also recover original state when restoring under spring or the effect of push pedal device.

The every cave of amount-screening disc seeding quantity can 1,2 to 12, and the uniformity reaches more than 95%.The seedling dish that sowing is good enters and rests on seeding machinery when looking into kind of position 24, checks in the seedling dish in each little alms bowl body or the seeding quantity the square position in, indivedual lack to do artificial after-culture, and will pack in the earthing case 25 as the nutrition soil of earthing simultaneously.When looking into the seedling dish of having sowed and enter the earthing position of sower, power through chain drive 34, reach earthing transmission case 28, drive that dumper 5 and even earthenware 6 carry out earthing in the earthing case.The seedling dish that has covered soil is 10 smooth through soil scrapper, the nutrition soil at cleaning alms bowl surface or edge, and what enter sower plays 30 dishes in dish position.Sower goes round and begins again, rotation work constantly intermittently, finishes the planting seed process.In the sowing of sower is constantly carried out, to check all that at any time nutrition soil and the interior seed of seeding box adorned in native case, the earthing case will keep in right amount, prevent to lack soil and the generation of sterilization phenomenon.

When having entered the dish position under the good drive of alms bowl dish of sowing at canvas apron, back down locking plate and take out the good seedling dish of sowing, evenly spray water, notice that water spray does not break up earthing and exposes seed, as expose seed and will do manually to mend to cover, make suction saturated, and, evenly spray once required agricultural chemicals according to the control of different crops damage by disease and insect, encapsulate with plastic film bag then, heat and moisture preserving is placed on the seedling frame or is emitted on the soil and grows seedlings.

The screen-type accurate seeding machine is used for beet sowing, must adjust the distance between casting case, soil scrapper, the earthenware that collapses, seeding box, amount-screening disc, earthing case and the canvas apron, make beet alms bowl dish can be on conveyer belt running job; Promptly increase the about 130-150 millimeter of alms bowl dish height of beet at original each job position.

Concrete method of adjustment: the connecting rod of pulling down the earthenware that collapses, amount-screening disc earlier, unclamp the bolt that each adjusts cover then, the fixed mount of casting case, soil scrapper, seeding box, amount-screening disc, earthing case, the integral body 130-150 millimeter that moves up is adjusted the position with bolted then at each.Install the special-purpose earthenware that collapses of beet sowing, the connecting rod of amount-screening disc again; pull down the casting box plate again, the seed-measuring hole plate and the seeding orifice plate of the earthenware that collapses, amount-screening disc; install the casting box plate of beet special use, seed-measuring hole plate and the seeding orifice plate in collapse earthenware and amount-screening disc and the dish; adjust back preliminary operation loom; check each motive position rotation situation, confirm that accessible normal back shutdown is stand-by.

Beet is owing to the alms bowl height, and the alms bowl body section is little, is difficult for dress soil and pier soil, so the pier of beet soil need carry out on the special-purpose pier soil of beet machine.Fig. 2 is described to be the structure of beet pier soil machine, mainly by: canvas apron 1, locking plate 3, casting case 4, dumper 5, even earthenware 6, belt pulley rotate 26, operating grip 27, uni-drive gear box 49, frame 50 and soil scrapper (not drawing among the figure) are formed.Alms bowl dish 2 is stuck in the locking plate 3 of canvas apron, and pier soil machine is fixed by bolts on the screen-type accurate seeding machine by connecting plate, fuses with the screen-type accurate seeding machine.The power of screen-type accurate seeding machine is passed to pier soil machine uni-drive gear box 49 by belt pulley transmission [not drawing among the figure].The power of uni-drive gear box is passed to the casting case by belt pulley transmission 26, be installed in the dumper in the casting case, even earthenware moves back and forth in case under the effect of uni-drive gear box, be parked in the locational dumper of earth discharging hole, in the process of moving back and forth, leave earth discharging hole, nutrition soil is entered in the interior little alms bowl body of alms bowl dish, and even earthenware is also even nutrition soil simultaneously, when dumper quits work, the tail end of dumper is blocked the earth discharging hole of casting case bottom, and anti-leak-stopping soil takes place.

The pier soil process of beet is performed such: load onto an amount of nutrition soil before machine starts in the casting case 4 of pier soil machine, and the special-purpose alms bowl dish of beet sowing snapped in the canvas apron locking plate 3, operating grip 27 is pulled to vibrating wheels (not drawing among the figure) direction the driving wheel gear-box in is combined with driven pulley on vibrating wheel shaft.Machine, power is passed to pier soil machine uni-drive gear box 49 by belt pulley on the sower power take-off and flat belt (not drawing among the figure), in uni-drive gear box, vibrating wheels and be installed under torsionspring (not drawing among the figure) effect of vibration on the wheel shaft, the constantly casting and make alms bowl dish fast vibration in the alms bowl dish of casting case reaches the native purpose of pier.The alms bowl dish of process pier soil must be sent to the sower canvas apron and coil the position fully before screen-type accurate seeding machine canvas apron rotates, and snaps in the locking plate.Concrete operations are: behind the good soil of alms bowl Pan Dun, operating personnel must pull operating grip 27 from vibrating wheels, driven pulley (not drawing among the figure) on a last driving wheel and the pier soil machine upper canvases drum shaft is combined, the canvas apron that drives on the pier soil machine rotates, make the soil scrapper (in figure do not draw) of alms bowl dish on pier soil machine, carry on the conveyer belt of screen-type accurate seeding machine after scraping is smooth, artificial aid snaps in the alms bowl dish in the locking plate of canvas apron again.Alms bowl dish on pier soil machine leaves conveyer belt, operating grip is pulled from driven pulley, at this moment pier soil machine stops operating, operating personnel want to refill a last alms bowl dish on the conveyer belt of pier soil machine at once, and the alms bowl dish snapped in the canvas apron locking plate, and operating grip pulled to vibrating wheels, and make it combination.Pier soil is proceeded by first Job Operations.

Other sowing operating process of beet as the soil that collapses, scraping, sow, look into kind and earthing etc. carries out on sieve amount formula bowl dish precision seeding machine tool, specifically referring to the screen-type accurate seeding machine course of work.

The both sides that circular motion and amount-screening disc are made in the structure of amount-screening disc and gear frame and the both sides of amount-screening disc move up and down and carry out synchronously, can be used for the direct planting with sowing machine in land for growing field crops, ball fertilizer, granulated fertilizer deep placement machine deep placement and ball shape, sheet Chinese and Western medicine bottling dress chartered plane bottling dress bag equally.

Three, the screen-type accurate seeding machine basic specification pattern sieve amount formula accommodation sowing of seeding and growing seedling sowing amplitude single-deck, double plate sowing, three dish sowings or the seedling dish of transplanting crop rice transplanting machinery by all water of seed seedling-raising, drought long * wide be 600 * 335 millimeters

Within regulate select for use 1,2 to 12 in the every cave of seeding quantity choose at random the uniformity 95% or more the about 8-16 of (in the cave) production efficiency Precision Seeding second one dish inferior, double plate sows that per hour Precision Seeding about 450 is coiled, three dishes

Sowing about 675 dishes of per hour Precision Seeding adapts to the processing of generally need soaking seed of seed planting seeds and (but is as the criterion granule or light breed not germinate

Son needs seed pelleting to handle)

Claims (8)

1. the structure of a screen-type accurate seeding machine, the electromotor of this structure (39) is passed to change gearbox (38) to power by V belt, again power one tunnel is passed to canvas apron (1) by speed change and carries the seedling dish to each operating position; Two the tunnel pass to casting case (4), the earthenware that collapses (12), soil scrapper (10) and seeding box (17), earthing case (25) carries out seedling dish shop soil, the soil that collapses, scraping, seeding box seeding and seedling dish earth backing; Three the tunnel pass to amount-screening disc (19), amount-screening disc moves down bar (23) and sows and seeding, it is characterized in that the bottom of the amount-screening disc (19) of this structure is provided with seed-measuring hole plate and seeding orifice plate or seeding board; The both sides of amount-screening disc (19) are installed on rotating turret (18), (22) and can rotate around rotating turret by axle sleeve, rotating turret (18), (22) are fixed on again on axle (36) and the axle (35), under diaxon drives amount-screening disc being done with the rotating turret on two rotating turrets is the circular motion of radius, the axle (36) the lower end by spline housing in the axle of lower end, axle (36) not only can be moved when the lower end axle rotates together, can also under the effect of connecting rod (20), crank (21), move up and down; Casting case (17) is arranged at the soil position, shop of seedling dish, the earthing position that earthing case (25) is arranged at the seedling dish.

2. structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that shape or approximate shapes and the specification size of the shape in the amount kind hole on the seed-measuring hole plate and specification size for the crop seed that will broadcast, and make the seed that will broadcast can just load hole in, the quantity in amount kind of hole be on the seedling sheet of seedling square position or the little alms bowl body of seedling alms bowl dish in seeding quantity, the queueing discipline in amount kind of hole is on the seedling sheet of seedling square position, or the seed in the little alms bowl body of seedling alms bowl dish and the queueing discipline of little alms bowl body.

3. according to claim 1,2 described structures, it is characterized in that suitable tapering is made in the top and the bottom in each amount kind of hole, the upper dimension in the amount of making kind hole is slightly less than lower dimension.

4. structure according to claim 1, shape, quantity and the queueing discipline in the amount kind hole on shape, quantity and the queueing discipline that it is characterized in that the feed outlet on the seeding orifice plate and the seed-measuring hole plate are identical, but the specification of feed outlet will be made a gesture of measuring kind of a hole and suitably strengthen, and the seed in the amount of the making kind hole can pass through smoothly.

5. structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that the seeding orifice plate is close under the seed-measuring hole plate and along seed-measuring hole plate can move back and forth a certain length that needs; When dress was planted, amount kind hole on the seed-measuring hole plate and the feed outlet on the seeding orifice plate staggered, and the plate of the amount of making kind hole and seeding orifice plate is in the face of accurate, and during seeding, amount kind of a hole is aimed at feed outlet.

6. according to claim 1,5 described structures, the arrangement occupied area in the amount of it is characterized in that kind hole is less than or equal to 1/2 o'clock of the interior little alms bowl bulk area of seedling dish, and the area size of the feed outlet on the seeding orifice plate is total arrangement area in an amount kind hole on the little alms bowl bulk area; The arrangement occupied area in amount kind of hole greater than little alms bowl bulk area in the seedling dish 1/2 or when equaling in the seedling dish little alms bowl bulk area, do not make feed outlet on the seeding orifice plate and be seeding board, by mobile seeding board seed is discharged.

7. structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the casting case is made up of with the dumper (5) and the even earthenware (6) that are installed in the case the casting orifice plate of its bottom, power is passed to casting transmission case (9) through chain drive (41), under its effect, dumper and even earthenware are moved back and forth in case, the tail end of dumper leaves the earth discharging hole on the casting box plate in moving process, nutrition soil is entered in the seedling dish, even earthenware simultaneously the soil of the nutrition in the case evenly, the tail end of the intact dumper of casting rests on the earth discharging hole position, and earth discharging hole is blocked.

8. according to claim 1,2,3,4,5 or 6 described structures, it is characterized in that can be used for equally various sowers land for growing field crops and directly sow, ball fertilizer, granulated fertilizer deep placement machine deep placement and ball shape, sheet Chinese and Western medicine bottling dress chartered plane bottling dress bag.

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