CN108088933A - 一种高通量体液蛋白质样品预处理装置及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高通量体液蛋白质样品预处理装置,是一种集体液(血浆,血清,尿液)高丰度蛋白质去除,中低丰度蛋白质在线变性和还原、除盐以及在线酶解的系统,包括:体液高丰度蛋白质去除抗体柱,集束式高温变性和还原器,集束式溶剂置换器以及固定化酶反应器。体液蛋白质样品首先通过抗体柱去除高丰度蛋白质,然后洗脱下来的中低丰度蛋白质再通过集束式高温变性和还原器实现在线、快速变性和还原,通过集束式溶剂置换器将变性剂和还原剂去除,最后通过固定化酶反应器在线酶解,酶解产生的肽段可以通过质谱进行检测。本发明的优点是将体液蛋白质的复杂样品预处理过程进行了集成化。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高通量体液蛋白质样品预处理装置,是一种集体液高丰度蛋白质去除,中低丰度蛋白质在线变性和还原、除盐以及蛋白质酶解的样品预处理系统。
背景技术
由于体液(血浆、血清以及尿液等)中的蛋白质可以提供大量与生理、病理密切相关的信息,因此体液蛋白质组研究已成为揭示疾病的发病机制、实现早期诊断、分型及个体化治疗等的重要手段。
由于体液中蛋白质的来源广泛(各种细胞、组织和器官)、种类和数量繁多(数万种以上)、丰度动态范围宽(超过10个数量级),因此,首要解决的问题就是减少体液中高丰度蛋白质对低丰度蛋白质检测的干扰。
此外,临床提供的可开展基础研究的体液样品量非常有限。目前体液蛋白质组样品的处理通常采用离线多步的方式,实现蛋白质的变性、还原、烷基化、酶解和除盐。不仅费时费力,而且会引起蛋白质样品的损失和污染,进而影响定量分析的准确度、灵敏度和分析通量。因此亟需发展高效的体液蛋白质组样品预处理新方法。
针对传统样品预处理方法存在的问题,我们发展了一种集体液高丰度蛋白质去除,中低丰度蛋白在线变性、还原、除盐以及在线酶解的样品预处理系统。该系统可以实现高通量、低损失的体液中低丰度蛋白质样品预处理,在蛋白质组学研究中具有很好的应用前景。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种集蛋白质变性、还原、除盐以及在线酶解于一体的样品预处理系统。该系统可以直接处理体液蛋白质,不需要复杂和繁琐的手工操作,同时整个处理过程保持高度的连续性和高通量性。
为了实现该目的,本发明的技术方案是:
1、采用2根以上中空纤维膜作为体液中低丰度蛋白质的传输载体,并固定于变性和还原反应腔体中,通过液相色谱泵或蠕动泵将高浓度变性剂和还原剂输送至变性和还原反应腔体,并与蛋白质充分混合,在温控系统作用下加热并完成变性还原反应,其中变性剂的种类可以为盐酸胍或尿素,浓度为4-8M,蛋白质还原剂的种类可以为二硫苏糖醇、硫醇、三(2-羧乙基)膦,浓度为5-100mM,液相色谱泵或蠕动泵的流量范围0.1mL/min-5mL/min,温控装置的加热温度范围60-95℃;
2、采用2根以上中空纤维膜作为体液中低丰度蛋白质传输载体,并固定于缓冲液置换腔体中,通过液相色谱泵或蠕动泵将低浓度弱碱性缓冲溶液输送至缓冲液置换腔体,使蛋白质溶剂与交换液发生置换,从而达到蛋白质除盐的目的,其中低浓度碱性缓冲溶液可以为碳酸氢铵或醋酸铵溶液,浓度范围为10-100mM,pH范围为7.5-8.5,液相色谱泵或蠕动泵的流量范围0.1mL/min-5mL/min;
3、酶反应器的基质材料为10-30μm粒径的硅胶颗粒材料;蛋白酶通过共价键合附的方式固定在材料表面,所述酶为胰蛋白酶,酶液浓度范围为10-50mg/mL;
4、将集束式高温变性和还原器,溶剂置换器和酶反应器依次串联构成集束式蛋白质样品预处理装置,具体为高温变性和还原器上的中空纤维膜的物料流出端与溶剂置换器上的中空纤维膜的物料流入端相连通;溶剂置换器上的中空纤维膜的物料流出端与酶反应器的物料入口相连;
5、将体液高丰度蛋白质去除抗体柱的入口端与液相色谱系统相连,从抗体柱上洗脱下来的中低丰度蛋白质直接进入集束式蛋白质样品预处理装置,产物由酶反应器的物料出口流出,中低丰度蛋白质通过酶反应器被迅速切割成多肽,实现中低丰度蛋白质到多肽的快速转化。
6、中低丰度蛋白质酶解产生的多肽可以通过质谱直接检测或通过液质联用系统进行分析
本发明具有如下优点:
1、体液蛋白质样品手工操作步骤减少,从而样品损失、污染的可能性也将降低,分析通量也大大提高。
2、系统集成化、自动化程度高。
3、可以与分离鉴定技术在线联用,为实现高通量的体液蛋白质分析提供技术支撑。
附图说明
图1、体液高通量蛋白质样品预处理系统装置图,包括体液高丰度蛋白质去除系统(A)和集束式蛋白质样品预处理装置(B);其中(1):液相色谱泵;(2):十通阀;(3)高丰度蛋白质去除抗体柱;(4)集束式中空纤维膜;(5)变性与还原反应腔体;(6)温控装置;(7)变性剂与还原剂入口;(8):变性剂与还原剂出口;(9)置换腔体;(10)弱碱性缓冲溶液入口;(11)弱碱性缓冲溶液出口;(12):酶反应器。
图2、样品预处理装置处理转铁蛋白的质谱图。
图3、样品预处理装置与液质联用系统分析人血浆低丰度蛋白质,a:抗体柱分离人血清高、低丰度蛋白质的色谱图;b:经样品预处理装置后,酶解产物的液相色谱-质谱图。
图4、样品预处理装置与液质联用系统分析人尿液低丰度蛋白质液相色谱-质谱分析图
图5、样品预处理装置与液质联用系统分析人血清低丰度蛋白质液相色谱-质谱分析图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
以转铁蛋白为样品考察集束式蛋白质样品预处理装置(如图1B)的性能,。将0.5mg/mL转铁蛋白以150μL/min将转铁蛋白推入高温变性和还原器中,其中温度为90℃,变性和还原剂为6M盐酸胍和50mM二硫苏糖醇;变性后的蛋白质样品通入溶剂置换器,交换液为50mM碳酸氢铵(pH 8.0),在强制对流作用力下,高浓度的变性剂和还原剂得以去除;最后蛋白质样品通过硅胶基质固定酶反应器(2.0mm i.d×50mm),在室温下实现在线酶解,酶解产生的肽段通过纳升级液相色谱-质谱进行检测(如图2所示),从图中可以看出转铁蛋白完全转化成肽段,序列覆盖率为76%。
实施例2
将高丰度蛋白质去除抗体柱与集束式蛋白质样品预处理系统集成,构建了高通量体液蛋白质样品预处理系统(如图1所示),以人血浆为样品,分析人血浆低丰度蛋白质组分。操作步骤如下:人血浆样品首先通过抗体柱去除高丰度蛋白质(如图3a所示),收集的中低丰度蛋白质组分通入该装置(操作过程同实施例1),酶解产生的多肽通过C18预柱捕集,然后进行液质分析,如图3b所示。
实施例3
以人尿液为样品,分析人尿液低丰度蛋白质组分。操作步骤如下:人尿液样品首先通过抗体柱去除高丰度蛋白质,收集的中低丰度蛋白质组分通入该装置,以50μL/min将中低丰度蛋白推入高温变性和还原器中,其中温度为75℃,变性和还原剂为8M尿素和50mM硫醇;变性后的蛋白质样品通入溶剂置换器,交换液为80mM碳酸氢铵(pH 7.5)(操作过程同实施例1),酶解产生的多肽通过C18预柱捕集,然后进行液质分析,如图4所示。
实施例4
以人血清为样品,分析人尿液低丰度蛋白质组分。操作步骤如下:人血清样品首先通过抗体柱去除高丰度蛋白质,收集的中低丰度蛋白质组分通入该装置,以100μL/min将中低丰度蛋白推入高温变性和还原器中,其中温度为85℃,变性和还原剂为4M尿素和100mM三(2-羧乙基)膦;变性后的蛋白质样品通入溶剂置换器,交换液为80mM碳酸氢铵(pH 8.5),其他操作过程同实施例1,酶解产生的多肽通过C18预柱捕集,然后进行液质分析,如图5所示。
Claims (5)
1.一种高通量体液蛋白质样品预处理装置,包括:依次串连体液高丰度蛋白质去除系统(A)和集束式蛋白质样品预处理装置(B);
其特征在于:
集束式蛋白质样品预处理装置(B)包括依次串连的集束式高温变性和还原器、集束式溶剂置换器和酶反应器;
所述集束式高温变性和还原器包括2根以上管状中空纤维膜和变性和还原反应腔体;将2根以上根中空纤维膜集束在聚四氟管中,聚四氟管二端用环氧胶固定于变性和还原反应腔体内,以集束式中空纤维膜为蛋白质传输载体,集束式中空纤维膜两端穿过变性和还原反应腔体侧壁面伸出腔体外,并于变性和还原反应腔体上设有物料进口和出口;变性和还原反应腔体外壁面上设有电加热膜;
所述集束式溶剂置换器包括2根以上管状中空纤维膜和缓冲液置换腔体;将2根以上根中空纤维膜集束在聚四氟管中,聚四氟管二端用环氧胶固定于变性和还原反应腔体内,以集束式中空纤维膜为蛋白质传输载体,中空纤维膜固定于缓冲液置换腔体中,集束式中空纤维膜两端穿过缓冲液置换腔体侧壁面伸出腔体外,并于缓冲液置换腔体上设有物料进口和出口;
集束式高温变性和还原器中的集束式中空纤维膜入口端相连
体液高丰度蛋白质去除系统(A)包括色谱柱,色谱柱一端经液相色谱泵与体液蛋白质样品储罐相连,色谱柱另一端与集束式高温变性和还原器中的集束式中空纤维膜入口端相连;
所述高通量体液蛋白质样品预处理装置是将体液高丰度蛋白质去除色谱柱的入口端与体液蛋白质样品储罐相连,从色谱柱上洗脱下来的中低丰度蛋白质直接进入集束式高温变性和还原器,高温变性和还原器上的中空纤维膜的物料流出端与溶剂置换器上的中空纤维膜的物料流入端相连通;溶剂置换器上的中空纤维膜的物料流出端与酶反应器的物料入口相连;产物由酶反应器的物料出口流出,中低丰度蛋白质通过酶反应器被迅速切割成多肽,实现中低丰度蛋白质到多肽的快速转化;
集束式高温变性和还原器中的物料进口与变性还原反应液相连、出口为废液出口;
缓冲液置换腔体上设有物料进口与溶剂置换液相连、出口为废液出口。
2.按照权利要求1所述的预处理装置,其特征在于:
所述集束式高温变性和还原器采用2-100根中空纤维膜作为体液中低丰度蛋白质的传输载体,并固定于变性和还原反应腔体中,通过液相色谱泵或蠕动泵将高浓度变性剂和还原剂输送至变性和还原反应腔体,并与蛋白质充分混合,在温控系统作用下加热并完成变性还原反应;
所述集束式溶剂置换器采用2-100根中空纤维膜作为体液中低丰度蛋白质传输载体,并固定于缓冲液置换腔体中,通过液相色谱泵或蠕动泵将低浓度弱碱性缓冲溶液输送至缓冲液置换腔体,使蛋白质溶剂与交换液发生置换,从而达到蛋白质除盐的目的;
酶反应器中装填的基质材料为10-30μm粒径的硅胶颗粒材料;蛋白酶通过共价键合附的方式固定在材料表面,所述酶为胰蛋白酶,酶液浓度范围为10-50mg/mL;
将集束式高温变性和还原器,溶剂置换器和酶反应器依次串联构成集束式蛋白质样品预处理装置。
3.按照权利要求1所述的预处理装置,其特征在于:
液相色谱泵或蠕动泵的流量范围0.1mL/min-5mL/min,温控装置的加热温度范围60-95℃;
变性剂的种类可以为盐酸胍或尿素,浓度为4-8M,蛋白质还原剂的种类可以为二硫苏糖醇、硫醇、三(2-羧乙基)膦,浓度为5-100mM;
低浓度碱性缓冲溶液可以为碳酸氢铵或醋酸铵溶液,浓度范围为10-100mM,pH范围为7.5-8.5。
4.按照权利要求1所述的预处理装置,其特征在于
所述的体液高丰度蛋白质去除抗体柱的适用的洗脱流量范围为50-1000μL/min,体液蛋白质处理量为0.3-1mg,体液包括血浆、血清或尿液。
5.一种权利要求1-4任一所述的高通量体液蛋白质样品预处理装置可用于临床诊断和疾病蛋白质质组学研究中的体液蛋白质快速预处理过程。
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