CN108051308A - Sound state triaxial test system - Google Patents
Sound state triaxial test system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108051308A CN108051308A CN201711475034.6A CN201711475034A CN108051308A CN 108051308 A CN108051308 A CN 108051308A CN 201711475034 A CN201711475034 A CN 201711475034A CN 108051308 A CN108051308 A CN 108051308A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- vibrator
- coarse grain
- measuring device
- earth sample
- test system
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/36—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0026—Combination of several types of applied forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0284—Bulk material, e.g. powders
Abstract
A kind of sound state triaxial test system, belong to coarse-grained soil experiment field, become measuring device and control system including main machine structure, vibrator, balancing gate pit, body, vibrator and balancing gate pit are installed on main machine structure, vibrator is used to apply load to coarse-grained soil, balancing gate pit is for placing coarse grain earth sample to be tested, and body becomes measuring device and is used to measure volume change of the coarse grain earth sample under the load effect of vibrator, and control system is used to that vibrator and body to be controlled to become the automatic running of measuring device.This sound state triaxial test system this sound state triaxial test system can measure inside and outside volume change of the coarse grain earth sample under exciting state, so as to obtain every mechanical property parameters of coarse-grained soil, it is not only full-featured abundant, result of the test is accurate, scalability is strong, and high degree of automation, simple to operate, the defects of effectively compensating for existing triaxial test system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coarse-grained soils to test field, in particular to a kind of sound state triaxial test system.
Background technology
The experiment of unsaturation coarse-grained soil is widely used in water conservancy, electric power, metallurgy, mine, geology, large-scale civil building, mountain
The teaching research work of ground disaster, engineering investigation design studies department and institution of higher learning.It is also applied to large-scale dam, high speed simultaneously
In highway subgrade, high ferro railway slope, metallurgical mine, building prospective design, resource environment and earthquake research department, earthquake is carried out
Analog study.
But existing coarse-grained soil pilot system tests the problem of inaccurate mostly there are insufficiency face.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of sound state triaxial test system, with full-featured abundant, experiment knot
The characteristics of fruit is accurate, high degree of automation.
What the embodiment of the present invention was realized in：
A kind of sound state triaxial test system, for testing coarse grain earth sample, including main machine structure, exciting
Device, balancing gate pit, body become measuring device and control system, and vibrator and balancing gate pit are installed on main machine structure, and vibrator is used for thick
Grain soil applies load, and for placing coarse grain earth sample to be tested, body becomes measuring device for measuring coarse grain earth sample for balancing gate pit
Volume change under the load effect of vibrator, control system are used to that vibrator and body to be controlled to become the automatic fortune of measuring device
Row.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, main machine structure include upper beam, underbeam and four columns, every
The both ends of column are connected to upper beam and underbeam, and vibrator is arranged at upper beam, and balancing gate pit is located at upper beam, underbeam and four columns
In the cavity surrounded jointly.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, vibrator includes mounting base and force piece, and mounting base fixes peace
Loaded on upper beam, force piece is oil cylinder, and the cylinder barrel of oil cylinder is fixedly connected on mounting base, and the piston rod of oil cylinder can be compared with cylinder barrel straight line
It moves back and forth.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, mounting base is cylindrical, and cylinder barrel is in the form of annular discs and edge is fixed
One end of mounting base is connected to, oil cylinder one end is located in mounting base, and the other end is located at outside mounting base, and vibrator further includes dust-proof
Cover, dust cover cover the position that oil cylinder is located at outside mounting base, and one end that piston rod is located at outside mounting base can be in dust cover energy straight line
It moves back and forth.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, displacement meter, the both ends difference of displacement meter are provided in dust cover
It is located at one end outside mounting base with the one end of dust cover away from mounting base and piston cylinder to be connected, displacement meter is connected with control system.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, balancing gate pit includes upper bracket, undersetting, outer wall and internal layer
Wall, outer wall and inner layer wall are all connected between upper bracket and undersetting, and inner layer wall is located within outer wall, outer wall and interior
Outer layer water cavity is formed between layer wall, inner layer wall can form confining pressure water for placing coarse grain earth sample between inner layer wall and coarse-grained soil
Chamber.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, outer wall is made of rigid material, and inner layer wall is by flexible material
It is made, flexible material is stainless steel.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, upper bracket is provided with load and applies axis and self-balancing water vat, carries
Lotus applies axis and props up coarse grain earth sample through self-balancing water vat and one end, and piston is provided in self-balancing water vat, and piston, which is fixed, to be connected
It is connected to load and applies axis, self-balancing horizontal is divided into epicoele and cavity of resorption by piston, and epicoele and cavity of resorption connect respectively with outer layer water cavity.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, body, which becomes measuring device, includes ectosome change measuring device and inner body
Become measuring device, ectosome becomes the change that measuring device is used to measure external volume of the coarse grain earth sample under the load effect of vibrator
Change, inner body becomes the variation that measuring device is used to measure internal volume of the coarse grain earth sample under the load effect of vibrator.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, ectosome, which becomes measuring device, includes outer layer water source and confining pressure water source,
Outer layer water source inputs liquid for outer layers water cavity, and confining pressure water source is used to input liquid to confining pressure water cavity, and inner body becomes measuring device
Including pore pressure water source, back-pressure water source and pottery clay plates, pore pressure water source is used for the bottom input liquid to coarse grain earth sample, back-pressure water source
For to the bottom input liquid of coarse grain earth sample, pottery clay plates to be arranged at the inner wall of undersetting.
The advantageous effect of the embodiment of the present invention is：
This sound state triaxial test system, for testing coarse grain earth sample, including main machine structure, vibrator,
Balancing gate pit, body become measuring device and control system, and vibrator and balancing gate pit are installed on main machine structure, and vibrator is used for coarse-grained soil
Apply load, for placing coarse grain earth sample to be tested, body becomes measuring device and swashing for measuring coarse grain earth sample for balancing gate pit
The volume change shaken under the load effect of device, control system are used to that vibrator and body to be controlled to become the automatic running of measuring device.This
Sound state triaxial test system can measure inside and outside volume change of the coarse grain earth sample under exciting state, so as to obtain coarse-grained soil
Every mechanical property parameters, not only full-featured abundant, result of the test is accurate, and scalability is strong, and high degree of automation,
It is simple to operate, the defects of effectively compensating for existing triaxial test system.
Description of the drawings
It in order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of sound state triaxial test system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of vibrator provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram that balancing gate pit provided in an embodiment of the present invention and ectosome become measuring device；
Fig. 4 is the internal structure schematic diagram of balancing gate pit provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the A portions enlarged drawing of Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the B portions enlarged drawing of Fig. 4；
Fig. 7 is the structure diagram at outer layer water source provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structure diagram that balancing gate pit provided in an embodiment of the present invention and inner body become measuring device.
Icon：100- sound state triaxial test systems；200- main machine structures；210- upper beams；220- underbeams；230-
Column；300- vibrators；310- mounting bases；320- force pieces；330- seal closures；340- displacement meters；400- balancing gate pits；
410- upper brackets；420- undersettings；430- outer walls；440- inner layer walls；431- outer layer water cavities；441- inner cavities；451-
Confining pressure water cavity；460- load applies axis；470- self-balancing water vats；480- structure of voltage regulation；481- pistons；482- epicoeles；
483- cavity of resorptions；484- runners；500- ectosomes become measuring device；510- outer layers water source；511- measures fluid cylinder；512- power
Device；520- confining pressures water source；600- inner bodies become measuring device；610- pore pressures water source；620- back-pressures water source；630- pressure
Sensor；640- saturation water tanks；650- vacuum pumps；700- pottery clay plates.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention implementation being usually described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings
The component of example can configure to arrange and design with a variety of.
Therefore, below the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention to providing in the accompanying drawings be not intended to limit it is claimed
The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of the present invention selected embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's all other embodiments obtained without creative efforts belong to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
It should be noted that：Similar label and letter represents similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined, then it further need not be defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing in a attached drawing.
In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to explanation, term " " center ", " on ", " under ", "left", "right", " vertical ",
The orientation or position relationship of the instructions such as " level ", " interior ", " outer " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship or are somebody's turn to do
Invention product using when the orientation usually put or position relationship, be for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify description, without
It is instruction or implies that signified device or element there must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore not
It is understood that as limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and cannot manage
It solves to indicate or imply relative importance.
In addition, the terms such as term " level ", " vertical " are not offered as requiring component abswolute level or pendency, but can be slightly
Low dip.It is not to represent that the structure has been had to if " level " only refers to that its direction is more horizontal with respect to for " vertical "
It is complete horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " setting ",
" installation ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected or one
It connects body；Can be mechanical connection or electrical connection；It can be directly connected, it can also be indirect by intermediary
It is connected, can is the connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, on being understood with concrete condition
State the concrete meaning of term in the present invention.
Fig. 1 is refer to, a kind of sound state triaxial test system 100 is present embodiments provided, is used for coarse grain earth sample
It is tested, to obtain the various performance parameters of coarse grain earth sample.This sound state triaxial test system 100 includes main machine structure
200th, vibrator 300, balancing gate pit 400, body become measuring device and control system.Vibrator 300 and balancing gate pit 400 are installed on host
Structure 200, vibrator 300 are used to apply load to coarse-grained soil, and balancing gate pit 400 is used to place coarse grain earth sample to be tested, body
Become measuring device to be used to measure volume change of the coarse grain earth sample under the load effect of vibrator 300, control system is used to control
Vibrator 300 and body processed become the automatic running of measuring device.
Wherein, main machine structure 200 includes upper beam 210, underbeam 220 and four columns 230, the both ends point of each column 230
Upper beam 210 and underbeam 220 are not connected to, so as to form the frame structure for being substantially in cuboid.
Fig. 2 is refer to, vibrator 300 is arranged at upper beam 210.Various structure types, this implementation may be employed in vibrator 300
In example, vibrator 300 can include mounting base 310 and force piece 320.Mounting base 310 is cylindrical and through upper beam 210, peace
Dress seat 310 is fixedly connected on upper beam 210 and bottom is concordant with the lower surface of upper beam 210, and top is higher than the upper surface of upper beam 210.
Force piece 320 is oil cylinder, and optionally, oil cylinder is the low frictional resistance sealed hydraulic oil cylinder of two-way double acting.The cylinder barrel of oil cylinder
In the form of annular discs and axis is overlapped with the axis of mounting base 310, and the edge of cylinder barrel is fixedly connected on one end of mounting base 310, oil cylinder
Piston rod can be compared with cylinder barrel straight reciprocating, piston rod be located at through mounting base 310 and both ends outside mounting base 310,
Middle one end is stretched into balancing gate pit 400.
Dust enters oil cylinder in order to prevent, influences the normal work of oil cylinder, and in the present embodiment, vibrator 300 further includes anti-
Dust hood, dust cover in ladder shaft-like and is substantially hollow shell structure, including integrally formed large-diameter portion and small diameter portion, wherein
Large-diameter portion is connected to upper beam 210 and covers the position that mounting base 310 is higher by the upper surface of upper beam 210, and small diameter portion then covers oil cylinder
Position outside mounting base 310.One end that piston rod is located at outside mounting base 310 can be in dust cover energy straight reciprocating.
In order to accurately measure the displacement distance of piston rod, displacement meter 340, displacement meter 340 and control are provided in dust cover
System is electrically connected.Displacement meter 340 may be employed various structure types, and in the present embodiment, displacement meter 340 is that magnetostrictive displacement passes
Sensor.The both ends of displacement meter 340 are located at one outside mounting base 310 with the one end of dust cover away from mounting base 310 and oil cylinder respectively
End connection.In this way, when piston rod is moved compared with cylinder barrel, displacement meter 340 can detect the shift value of piston rod, and will
It feeds back to control system, so that control system carries out relevant calculating.
In order to facilitate the installation and removal of displacement meter 340, the one end of dust cover away from mounting base 310 is removably connected with peace
Fill head.The mode being detachably connected has very much, and in the present embodiment, mounting head is threadedly connected to dust cover.Displacement meter 340 is away from living
The one end for filling in 481 cylinders is removably connected to mounting head.
In the present embodiment, dust cover, cylinder barrel and mounting base 310 can be connected by multiple screws, and multiple screws are along cylinder barrel
Circumferencial direction be arranged at intervals, the outer wall of dust cover is pushed down on the head of each screw, after screw rod sequentially passes through dust cover and cylinder barrel
It locks in mounting base 310.
Fig. 3-4 are refer to, balancing gate pit 400 is located at the cavity that upper beam 210, underbeam 220 and four columns 230 surround jointly
It is interior.Balancing gate pit 400 may be employed various structure types, in the present embodiment, balancing gate pit 400 include upper bracket 410, undersetting 420,
Outer wall 430 and inner layer wall 440.
Wherein, outer wall 430 is made of rigid material, and inner layer wall 440 is fabricated from a flexible material, optionally, inner layer wall 440
It is made of stainless steel material.The thickness of stainless steel structure is 3-5 millimeters, it is made not only to have preferable rust-preventing characteristic, and is had
Appropriate elasticity.Outer wall 430 and inner layer wall 440 are all connected between upper bracket 410 and undersetting 420, and inner layer wall 440 is located at
Within outer wall 430, outer layer water cavity 431 is formed between outer wall 430 and inner layer wall 440.Inner layer wall 440 is used to place coarse-grained soil
Sample can form confining pressure water cavity 451 between inner layer wall 440 and coarse-grained soil.
Upper bracket 410 and undersetting 420 are in the form of annular discs, and upper bracket 410 is located at the top of undersetting 420.Upper bracket 410
It is provided with load and applies axis 460 and self-balancing water vat 470, it can be individually part and to be stretched with piston rod that load, which applies axis 460,
Enter one end connection of balancing gate pit 400, or piston rod is in itself.Load applies axis 460 through self-balancing water vat 470 and separate
One end of cylinder barrel props up coarse grain earth sample.Self-balancing water vat 470 is for aiding in keeping outer layer water cavity 431 and confining pressure water cavity 451
Pressure balance.Piston 481 is provided in self-balancing water vat 470, piston 481 is fixedly connected on load and applies axis 460 and the two axis
Line overlaps, and self-balancing horizontal is divided into epicoele 482 and cavity of resorption 483 by piston 481, epicoele 482 and cavity of resorption 483 respectively with outer layer water
Chamber 431 connects.
In order to expand flow area, ensureing the flow velocity of liquid, the side wall of self-balancing water vat 470 is provided with multiple runners 484,
Multiple 484 one end of runner connect respectively with epicoele 482 and cavity of resorption 483, and the other end connects respectively with outer layer water cavity 431.
In order to improve the sealing performance of piston 481, in the present embodiment, piston 481 is provided with sealing ring, optionally, piston
481 circumferential surface is provided with annular mounting groove, sealing ring be arranged in annular mounting groove and positioned at the circumferential surface and self-balancing of piston 481
Between the inner wall of water vat 470, so as to which the leakproofness between the circumferential surface of piston 481 and the inner wall of self-balancing water vat 470 be effectively ensured.
In order to improve the Self-balancing of self-balancing water vat 470, pressure compensation is both provided in epicoele 482 and cavity of resorption 483
Part, pressure compensation member can when the pressure in epicoele 482 and cavity of resorption 483 increases absorption pressure and in epicoele 482 and cavity of resorption 483
Pressure reduce when discharge pressure.Pressure compensation member may be employed various structures and form, and in the present embodiment, pressure compensation member is
Bag type accumulator or air spring.
The operation principle and process of this self-balancing water vat 470 are such：
When vibrator 300 works, piston 481 moves downward under the driving of piston rod, the water in compression pressure room 400
Pressure can cause the pressure rise of confining pressure water cavity 451, while the water that cavity of resorption 483 is flowed out passes through runner 484 and outer layer water cavity 431
After flow to epicoele 482, so as to achieve the purpose that automatic compensating pressure and effect.When reversed, piston 481 moves upwards, epicoele 482
Water cavity of resorption 483 is then flowed to by runner 484, this just can be eliminated when impulsing, and piston 481 is mobile in balancing gate pit 400 caused to press
Power changes.Two chambers are provided with bag type accumulator or air spring up and down simultaneously, are generated when impulsing so as to assist absorption
Pressure pulsation, then the automatic voltage regulation function at confining pressure water source 520 is coordinated to ensure that 520 pressure stability of confining pressure water source, with regard to that can reach
To preferable confining pressure balance and stability function.
It is hydraulically full in self-balancing cylinder, the specific location of self-balancing the cylinder piston 481 can be monitored in real time with displacement meter 340,
After self-balancing cylinder can be calculated with axially loaded exciting, distance that piston 481 moves up and down can also calculate work
Fill in influence of 481 dynamic volumes to 400 volume of balancing gate pit.Due to the mutual unicom of two chamber of self-balancing cylinder, the automatic alternate cycles of liquid,
Bag type accumulator or air spring of two chambers respectively equipped with an appropriate volume simultaneously, can pass in and out piston 481 during loading exciting
Caused by confining pressure change and compensated automatically, can effectively reduce pressure change, the stabilization for 451 pressure of confining pressure water cavity has provided
Sharp condition.
Body, which becomes measuring device, includes ectosome change measuring device 500 and inner body change measuring device 600.Fig. 5-7 are refer to, outside
Body becomes the variation that measuring device 500 is used to measure external volume of the coarse grain earth sample under the load effect of vibrator 300.Ectosome
Becoming measuring device 500 includes pressure sensor 630, outer layer water source 510 and confining pressure water source 520, and outer layer water source 510 is used for outer layers
Water cavity 431 inputs liquid, and confining pressure water source 520 is used to input liquid to confining pressure water cavity 451.
Pressure sensor 630 is used to measure the pressure at outer layer water source 510 and confining pressure water source 520, and pressure sensor 630
It is electrically connected with control system.Outer layer water source 510 and confining pressure water source 520 include metering fluid cylinder 511 and for that will measure fluid cylinder
The dynamic structure of outer layer water cavity 431 and confining pressure water cavity 451 is stated in liquid injection in 511, and dynamic structure is electrically connected with control system.
The pressure of outer layer water cavity 431 and confining pressure water cavity 451 is monitored by pressure sensor 630, and power is controlled by control system
The liquid of outer layer water cavity 431 and confining pressure water cavity 451 is stated in the liquid injection measured in fluid cylinder 511 by structural adjustment, just can be to outer layer
The pressure of water cavity 431 and confining pressure water cavity 451 is specifically adjusted, and the two is made to be in equilibrium state always.
This ectosome become measuring device 500 operation principle be：
Sample to be tested is placed in the inner cavity 441 of balancing gate pit 400, ectosome becomes measuring device 500 and passes through confining pressure water source
520 with the cooperating at outer layer water source 510 to ensure the pressure balance of outer layer water cavity 431 and confining pressure water cavity 451.
Afterwards, after the pressure balance of outer layer water cavity 431 and confining pressure water cavity 451, axis 460 is applied to being arranged on by load
Sample in inner cavity 441 applies pressure and load, during sample bears pressure and load, by pressure compensation member and certainly
The cooperating of water vat 470 is balanced, can play the role of compensating automatically in pressure change caused by piston 481 passes in and out, can have
Effect reduces pressure change, plays preferable pressure balance stabilization function, further ensures that the pressure stability in confining pressure water cavity 451,
Stablize confining pressure for 520 control system final adjustment of confining pressure water source and provide advantage.
Then, if the variation of volume occurs for sample in inner cavity 441, due to outer layer water cavity 431 and confining pressure water cavity 451 it
Between in pressure balanced state, and due to the volume change of sample, the volume of inner cavity 441 will be caused to change, thus enclosed
In the case of pressing the pressure of water cavity 451 constant, since the variation variation that volume occurs for sample causes through confining pressure water source 520 to confining pressure
Water filling volume change in water cavity 451, from there through the variation of water filling volume of the confining pressure water source 520 into confining pressure water cavity 451, with
And the data measured by displacement meter 340 just more can accurately calculate the body variable in the case that sample bears load.It therefore should
Ectosome, which becomes measuring device 500, can directly measure the volume of sample variation that coarse-grained soil sample exterior compression (rising with cutting) occurs afterwards.
Refer to Fig. 8, it is interior become fluid measurement device be used to measuring coarse grain earth sample under the load effect of vibrator 300 in
The variation of portion's volume.Inner body become measuring device 600 include pore pressure water source 610 and back-pressure water source 620, pore pressure water source 610 be used for
The bottom input liquid of coarse grain earth sample, back-pressure water source 620 are used for the bottom input liquid to coarse grain earth sample.
During test, coarse-grained soil is placed in the inner cavity 441 of balancing gate pit 400, and pore pressure water source 610 is used for by pressure
The bottom of room 400 inputs liquid to pottery clay plates 700, and the top that back-pressure water source 620 is used for coarse grain earth sample inputs liquid, thus
By pore pressure water source 610 and the cooperating at back-pressure water source 620, just the top of the coarse grain earth sample in balancing gate pit 400 can be pressed
Power and the pressure of bottom are adjusted.
The inner body becomes measuring device 600 by the cooperating at pore pressure water source 610 and back-pressure water source 620 to realize to pressure
The top pressure of coarse grain earth sample and the pressure of bottom in room 400 are controlled, it is therefore an objective to top to coarse grain earth sample and
Pressure between bottom is controlled.Due to the coarse grain earth sample in balancing gate pit 400 pressure and load effect under occur in
After portion's volume change, meeting discharge part water in coarse grain earth sample, therefore by pore pressure water source 610 and back-pressure water source 620 to pressure
The top pressure of coarse grain earth sample and the pressure of bottom in room 400 are adjusted so that at the top of coarse grain earth sample and bottom
There are pressure differential (pressure at pore pressure water source 610 is less than the pressure at back-pressure water source 620) between portion, just can guide in coarse grain earth sample
Since the water of internal volume variation discharge is flowed out to 610 end of pore pressure water source.The step of simplifying operation as a result, can be conveniently direct
Obtain the displacement data after more accurate coarse-grained soil sample interior volume change.
Further, in the present embodiment, supervised in real time for the pressure to pore pressure water source 610 and back-pressure water source 620
It surveys, in order to which the hydraulic pressure to pore pressure water source 610 and back-pressure water source 620 is adjusted, therefore at pore pressure water source 610 and back-pressure water source
Pressure sensor 630 is equipped on 620.
It should be noted that carrying out inner body becomes measurement it is required that coarse grain earth sample is in saturation state, to prevent from placing
Coarse grain earth sample inside to balancing gate pit 400 is saturation coarse-grained soil, thus the inner body become measuring device 600 further include can improve it is thick
The structure of grain earth sample saturation degree.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, which, which becomes measuring device 600, is included for from the bottom of balancing gate pit 400 to pottery
The vacuum pump 650 that native plate 700 inputs the saturation water tank 640 of liquid and connected with balancing gate pit 400.It is right by saturation water tank 640
Coarse grain earth sample applies head pressure, can improve coarse grain earth sample saturation degree.In addition, it is necessary to explanation, when passing through saturation
The head pressure that water tank 640 applies be when cannot cause coarse grain earth sample saturation, can by vacuum pump 650 to balancing gate pit 400 into
Row vacuumize process or the back-pressure pressure at back-pressure water source 620 complete saturation to coarse grain earth sample.
The inner body become measuring device 600 operation principle be：
By the cooperating at pore pressure water source 610 and back-pressure water source 620 to realize to the coarse grain earth sample in balancing gate pit 400
Top pressure and the pressure of bottom controlled, it is therefore an objective to the pressure between the top and bottom of coarse grain earth sample is controlled
System.After internal volume variation occurs under external force due to the coarse grain earth sample in balancing gate pit 400, in coarse grain earth sample
Meeting discharge part water, therefore the top of the coarse grain earth sample in balancing gate pit 400 is pressed by pore pressure water source 610 and back-pressure water source 620
Power and the pressure of bottom are adjusted so that there are pressure differential (pore pressure water sources 610 between the top of coarse grain earth sample and bottom
Pressure be less than the pressure at back-pressure water source 620), just can guide in coarse grain earth sample since the water of internal volume variation discharge is to hole
Press the outflow of 610 end of water source.The step of simplifying operation as a result, can facilitate.Directly obtain in more accurate coarse grain earth sample
Displacement data after portion's volume change.
The inner body becomes measuring system during being tested, by the way that the coarse grain tested earth sample is put into inner cavity
In 441, saturated process is carried out.
Then, axis 460 is applied by load and applies external force test to the coarse grain earth sample being arranged in inner cavity 441.It is and same
When need to ensure to deposit between outer layer water cavity 431 and the pressure balance of confining pressure water cavity 451 and the top and bottom of coarse grain earth sample
In pressure differential (pressure at pore pressure water source 610 is less than the pressure at back-pressure water source 620).
During coarse grain earth sample bears external force, it can be kept in outer layer water cavity 431 by self-balancing water vat 470
Pressure is constant, and the external volume variation of coarse grain earth sample and internal volume can be being caused when coarse grain earth sample bears external force
Variation.
When the variation of external volume occurs for the coarse grain earth sample in inner cavity 441, due to outer layer water cavity 431 and confining pressure water cavity
In pressure balanced state between 451, and since the external volume of coarse grain earth sample changes, the appearance of inner cavity 441 will be caused
Product variation.As a result, in the case where the pressure of confining pressure water cavity 451 is constant, due to the variation variation of coarse grain earth sample generating body product
Cause the water filling volume change into confining pressure water cavity 451 by confining pressure water-supply structure, from there through confining pressure water-supply structure to confining pressure
The variation of water filling volume in water cavity 451 just more can accurately calculate the body variable in the case that sample bears load.Therefore
The inner body, which becomes measuring system, can directly measure the volume of sample variation that coarse-grained soil sample exterior compression (rising with cutting) occurs afterwards.
At the same time, under external force, coarse grain earth sample can occur interior the coarse grain earth sample in balancing gate pit 400 simultaneously
Portion's volume change, coarse grain earth sample can cause the moisture in coarse grain earth sample to be discharged after internal volume variation occurs.And
Under the guiding function of pore pressure water source 610 and the pressure at back-pressure water source 620, since internal volume variation is arranged in coarse grain earth sample
The water gone out can be flowed out to 610 end of pore pressure water source.More accurate coarse grain earth sample is directly obtained in outer power thereby, it is possible to convenient
Displacement data under effect.
Inner wall of 700 structure setting of pottery clay plates in undersetting 420 and the lower section positioned at sample to be tested.Specifically, originally
Since 700 structure of pottery clay plates is more easily damaged, therefore it is guarantee test among the process for carrying out coarse-grained soil experiment in embodiment
It is normally carried out, and in the case where not influencing experiment and being normally carried out, in the present embodiment, using the multiple pottery clay plates 700 of setting
Mode, the liquid the purpose is to be discharged in not influencing from coarse grain earth sample flowed by pottery clay plates 700 to pore pressure water source 610
It is dynamic, by setting multiple pottery clay plates 700, reduce the stress during experiment of pottery clay plates 700, avoid during experiment
Pottery clay plates 700 are destroyed, so as to cause needing to suspend experiment, and replace the pottery clay plates 700 in 700 structure of pottery clay plates.And this
The set-up mode of sample can reduce the destroyed probability of pottery clay plates 700, and can reduce the maintenance cost of pottery clay plates 700, from
And play the role of saving test period and experimentation cost.
Secondly, to prevent that pottery clay plates 700 are destructurized among the process for carrying out coarse-grained soil experiment, in the present embodiment
In, installing plate between neonychium and pottery clay plates 700 can also be set, and can be provided on a mounting board multiple for pacifying
The groove of multiple pottery clay plates 700 is filled, multiple grooves are corresponded with multiple pottery clay plates 700, by the way that pottery clay plates 700 are corresponded to installation
In groove, can further it play a protective role to pottery clay plates 700.
To sum up, this sound state triaxial test system 100, for testing coarse grain earth sample, including main machine structure
200th, vibrator 300, balancing gate pit 400, body change measuring device and control system, vibrator 300 and balancing gate pit 400 are installed on host
Structure 200, vibrator 300 are used to apply load to coarse-grained soil, and balancing gate pit 400 is used to place coarse grain earth sample to be tested, body
Become measuring device to be used to measure volume change of the coarse grain earth sample under the load effect of vibrator 300, control system is used to control
Vibrator 300 and body processed become the automatic running of measuring device.This sound state triaxial test system 100 can measure coarse grain earth sample
Inside and outside volume change under exciting state, it is not only full-featured abundant so as to obtain every mechanical property parameters of coarse-grained soil,
Result of the test is accurate, and scalability is strong, and high degree of automation, simple to operate, effectively compensates for existing three axis examination
The defects of check system.
It these are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Any modification within the spirit and principles of the invention, being made,
Equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sound state triaxial test system, for testing coarse grain earth sample, which is characterized in that including host knot
Structure, vibrator, balancing gate pit, body change measuring device and control system, the vibrator and the balancing gate pit are installed on the host
Structure, the vibrator are used to apply load to the coarse-grained soil, and the balancing gate pit is used to place coarse grain earth sample to be tested,
The body becomes measuring device and is used to measure volume change of the coarse grain earth sample under the load effect of the vibrator, the control
System is used to that vibrator and body to be controlled to become the automatic running of measuring device.
2. sound state triaxial test system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the main machine structure include upper beam,
Underbeam and four columns, the both ends of the every column are connected to upper beam and underbeam, and the vibrator is arranged on described
Beam, the balancing gate pit are located in the cavity that the upper beam, the underbeam and the four columns surround jointly.
3. sound state triaxial test system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that vibrator includes mounting base and power
Part, the mounting base are fixedly installed in the upper beam, and the force piece is oil cylinder, and the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected on described
Mounting base, the piston rod of the oil cylinder can be compared with cylinder barrel straight reciprocating.
4. sound state triaxial test system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the mounting base is cylindrical, institute
It states that cylinder barrel is in the form of annular discs and edge is fixedly connected on one end of the mounting base, the piston rod runs through the mounting base and both ends
It is located at respectively outside the mounting base, the vibrator further includes dust cover, and the dust cover covers the oil cylinder and is located at the peace
The position outside seat is filled, one end that the piston rod is located at outside the mounting base can be in the dust cover energy straight reciprocating.
5. sound state triaxial test system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that be provided with displacement in the dust cover
Meter, the both ends of the displacement meter are located at the peace with the one end of the dust cover away from the mounting base and the piston cylinder respectively
One end connection outside seat is filled, the displacement meter is connected with the control system.
6. sound state triaxial test system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that balancing gate pit includes upper bracket, lower branch
Seat, outer wall and inner layer wall, the outer wall and inner layer wall are all connected between the upper bracket and the undersetting, and institute
It states inner layer wall to be located within the outer wall, outer layer water cavity, the inner layer wall is formed between the outer wall and the inner layer wall
For placing coarse grain earth sample, confining pressure water cavity can be formed between the inner layer wall and the coarse-grained soil.
7. sound state triaxial test system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the outer wall is by rigid material system
Into the inner layer wall is fabricated from a flexible material, and the flexible material is stainless steel.
8. sound state triaxial test system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the upper bracket is provided with load and applies
Add axis and self-balancing water vat, the load applies axis and props up coarse grain earth sample through the self-balancing water vat and one end, it is described from
Piston is provided in balance water vat, the piston is fixedly connected on the load and applies axis, and the piston divides self-balancing water equally
Epicoele and cavity of resorption are divided into, the epicoele and cavity of resorption connect respectively with outer layer water cavity.
9. sound state triaxial test system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the body becomes measuring device including outer
Body becomes measuring device and inner body becomes measuring device, and the ectosome becomes measuring device for measuring load of the coarse grain earth sample in vibrator
The variation of external volume under lotus effect, the inner body become measuring device and are used to measure load work of the coarse grain earth sample in vibrator
The variation of internal volume under.
10. sound state triaxial test system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the ectosome becomes measuring device bag
Include outer layer water source and confining pressure water source, the outer layer water source inputs liquid for outer layers water cavity, and the confining pressure water source is used for enclosing
Water cavity input liquid is pressed, the inner body, which becomes measuring device, includes pore pressure water source, back-pressure water source and pottery clay plates, and the pore pressure water source is used
In the bottom input liquid to coarse grain earth sample, the back-pressure water source is used for the bottom input liquid to coarse grain earth sample, described
Pottery clay plates are arranged at the inner wall of the undersetting.
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| CN108007787A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-08 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Balancing gate pit and sound state triaxial test system |
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| CN111458214A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-07-28 | 南京理工大学 | True triaxial loading test device for large-size frozen soil |
| CN112461675A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-09 | 云南云水工程技术检测有限公司 | Coarse-grained soil vibration triaxial test device and method |
| CN113295597A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-24 | 中南大学 | Testing device and testing method for simulating characteristics of ballast particles under cyclic loading action |
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