CN104976988B - Tunnel large-elevation-difference sedimentation measurement system - Google Patents
Tunnel large-elevation-difference sedimentation measurement system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104976988B CN104976988B CN201510410761.9A CN201510410761A CN104976988B CN 104976988 B CN104976988 B CN 104976988B CN 201510410761 A CN201510410761 A CN 201510410761A CN 104976988 B CN104976988 B CN 104976988B
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- pressure sensitive
- pressure sensor
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
- G01C5/04—Hydrostatic levelling, i.e. by flexibly interconnected liquid containers at separated points
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel large-elevation-difference sedimentation measurement system, which comprises a liquid source water tank filled with liquid, more than 1 liquid pressure sensor and a communicating pipe for communicating the liquid source water tank with each liquid pressure sensor; each liquid pressure sensor comprises a shell and more than one stroke difference block; defining the part of the bottom of the shell, which is connected with the communicating pipe, as a liquid port, wherein the liquid port is connected with an exhaust valve; the bottom in the shell and the upper part of the liquid through hole are covered with an elastic pressure sensitive element, and the stroke difference block is arranged on the elastic pressure sensitive element. According to the invention, by utilizing a pressure compensation means, when the settlement measurement is carried out on the environment with limited internal space such as a tunnel and the like, the liquid pressure sensor is not required to be adjusted to be consistent in liquid level height, so that the transmission of excessive relative references is reduced, meanwhile, the measurement difficulty is reduced without being limited by the height of a measurement point.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel settlement measurement, in particular to a tunnel large-elevation difference settlement measurement system.
Background
The settlement monitoring is an important monitoring content in the deformation monitoring of the building, and is implemented by measuring the variation of the elevation of the building in the vertical direction by adopting reasonable instruments and methods and arranging settlement of monitoring points. The settlement measurement is carried out on the monitoring points regularly and accurately, the accumulated settlement amount, settlement difference and average settlement rate of the monitoring points can be calculated, the analysis and the trend prediction are carried out, and the local relative inclination, deflection and the like can be further calculated.
The method is the most common method for sedimentation monitoring, is little affected by the observation environment, is affected by manual measurement, and can only be used for periodic manual measurement. Conventional leveling staff have precision leveling instruments, electronic leveling instruments and corresponding level requirements. Aiming at the poor leveling line condition, leveling measurement becomes difficult, the precise triangular elevation measurement using electromagnetic wave ranging is applied to settlement measurement, is also influenced by manual measurement, and can only be used for periodic manual measurement, and the two techniques are basically based on measurement comparison in the early and later stages of construction, are suitable for measurement of large settlement and periodic measurement in the later stage, and cannot meet the requirement of automatic real-time monitoring in the later stage.
The hydrostatic leveling of liquid is also called a communicating pipe measurement, and is a measurement method in which the liquid level is transferred by communicating with each other and static balancing is performed. The use of the static leveling instrument is characterized by being capable of measuring in real time, is very suitable for small-range measurement after the building is completed and stabilized, but requires consistent liquid level when each static leveling instrument is arranged, and needs a plurality of static leveling instruments to transmit the reference under the environment of large elevation difference.
At present, real-time on-line detection of tunnel settlement is usually completed by using a static leveling instrument, and all the static leveling instruments are connected by using a communicating pipe, so that the liquid level heights of all the static leveling instruments are consistent. However, due to the complexity of the geological structure in the tunnel, the elevation fluctuation is large, the internal space is limited, the requirement that each liquid level is on a constant-height surface is difficult, a plurality of static level gauges are required to be arranged for the tunnel with the distance of more than hundred meters, the hardware facility structure is complex, the engineering implementation difficulty is increased, and the measurement accuracy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: when settlement measurement is carried out on environments with limited inner spaces such as tunnels, the liquid pressure sensor is enabled to be free from adjustment to be consistent in liquid level height by utilizing a pressure compensation means, transmission of excessive relative references is reduced, meanwhile, the measurement difficulty is reduced due to the fact that the measurement points are not limited in height.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a settlement measurement system with large elevation difference for a tunnel comprises a liquid source water tank containing liquid, more than 1 liquid pressure sensor and a communicating pipe for communicating the liquid source water tank with each liquid pressure sensor;
each liquid pressure sensor comprises a shell and more than one stroke difference block; defining the part of the bottom of the shell, which is connected with the communicating pipe, as a liquid port, wherein the liquid port is connected with an exhaust valve; the bottom in the shell and the upper part of the liquid through hole are covered with an elastic pressure sensitive element, and the stroke difference block is arranged on the elastic pressure sensitive element.
The design principle of the invention is as follows: the upper pressure difference and the lower pressure difference of the elastic pressure sensitive element are compensated by arranging the elevation difference block on the elastic pressure sensitive element, so that the arrangement of the sensor does not need to wait for liquid level installation in the sedimentation measurement process, and the method is suitable for a relative sedimentation measurement environment with large elevation difference. The stroke difference blocks are blocks with certain mass, the number of the stroke difference blocks can be set to be multiple, and when the liquid pressure sensor is arranged, the stroke difference blocks are placed to offset additional pressure generated by the liquid height difference, so that the upper pressure and the lower pressure of the elastic pressure sensitive element are in a balanced state. When a certain point is settled during measurement, the liquid height difference of the liquid pressure sensor relative to the liquid source box changes, and at the moment, the upper pressure difference and the lower pressure difference of the elastic pressure sensitive element change to output corresponding pressure difference signals, so that the settlement can be further obtained. The elastic pressure sensitive element can be made of the existing products, such as capacitive, resistive, optical and other pressure sensors which extend on the basis of elastic diaphragms.
When the elevation difference between a liquid source at a high position and a pressure sensor at a certain position is H, N elevation difference blocks (the mass is m) are added on the pressure sensor, the up-down pressure difference received by the sensitive element is ρgH-Nmg/S, S is the pressure receiving area of the elastic pressure sensitive element, when the elevation of the pressure sensor is sunken by delta H, the up-down pressure difference received by the sensitive element is ρg (H+delta H) -Nmg/S, the corresponding relation between the signal change output by the pressure sensitive element and the sinking amount can be seen, and the sinking amount can be obtained by detecting the pressure difference signal output by the elastic pressure sensitive element.
The mass of the stroke difference block can be set to a fixed value according to the requirement, the minimum stroke difference between two adjacent liquid pressure sensors is defined as h, the pressure area of the elastic pressure sensitive element is s, ρ is the density of liquid, and the mass m of the stroke difference block is as follows: m=ρhs. In order to maintain the consistency of products, when each liquid pressure sensor is arranged at the position, the liquid pressure sensor can be arranged according to the integral multiple of the set minimum range difference h, so that the height difference between each liquid pressure sensor and the liquid source box is the integral multiple of the minimum range difference h, namely, the upper pressure and the lower pressure of the elastic pressure sensitive element in each liquid pressure sensor are balanced only by increasing and decreasing a plurality of range difference blocks with the same mass.
Furthermore, the elastic pressure sensitive element can adopt sealing modes such as welding, adhesion and the like, so that the lower part of the elastic pressure sensitive element is pressed uniformly, and the elastic pressure sensitive element covers the inner bottom surface of the shell; meanwhile, in order to make the upper part of the elastic pressure sensitive element uniformly pressed, the Cheng Chakuai is plate-shaped with uniform thickness and covers the elastic pressure sensitive element above the liquid through hole.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the liquid level changes caused by the increase and decrease balance elevation difference of the through process difference block, so that the liquid level inside each liquid pressure sensor is not required to be positioned on the same horizontal plane when the liquid pressure sensors are arranged, the setting difficulty is greatly reduced, the limitation of the elevation of a measuring point is avoided, and the liquid level sensor is very convenient to apply in the relative sedimentation of large elevation difference.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Further description is provided below in connection with the drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 1, the tunnel large-elevation difference sedimentation measurement system comprises a liquid source water tank 1 containing liquid, more than 1 liquid pressure sensor 2 and a communicating pipe for communicating the liquid source water tank 1 with each liquid pressure sensor 2; the communicating pipe is provided with a liquid discharge valve 3.
Each of the liquid pressure sensors 2 includes a housing 21 and 1 or more step blocks 23; defining the part of the bottom of the shell 21 connected with the communicating pipe as a liquid port, wherein the liquid port is connected with an exhaust valve 22; an elastic pressure sensitive element 24 is fixed at the inner bottom of the shell 21 and above the liquid through hole in a sealing way, and a stroke difference block 23 is arranged on the elastic pressure sensitive element 24.
Examples
Cheng Chakuai the block with certain mass, the number of the step blocks is set to be a plurality, the mass of the step blocks can be directly or according to the requirement set to be a fixed value, the minimum step difference between the liquid pressure sensors is defined as h, the pressure area of the elastic pressure sensitive element is s, ρ is the density of the liquid, and the mass m of the step blocks is as follows: m=ρhs. In order to maintain the consistency of products, when each liquid pressure sensor is arranged at the position, the liquid pressure sensor can be arranged according to the integral multiple of the set minimum range difference h, namely, the upper pressure and the lower pressure of the elastic pressure sensitive element in each liquid pressure sensor are balanced only by increasing or decreasing a plurality of range difference blocks with the same mass.
In order to ensure that the sealing of the elastic pressure sensitive element is more reliable, the lower part of the elastic pressure sensitive element is pressed more uniformly, and the elastic pressure sensitive element covers the inner bottom surface of the shell in the embodiment; meanwhile, in order to make the upper part of the elastic pressure sensitive element uniformly pressed, the Cheng Chakuai is plate-shaped with uniform thickness and covers part of the elastic pressure sensitive element above the liquid through hole.
The design principle of the invention is as follows: the upper pressure difference and the lower pressure difference of the elastic pressure sensitive element are compensated by arranging the elevation difference block on the elastic pressure sensitive element, so that the arrangement of the sensor does not need to wait for liquid level installation in the sedimentation measurement process, and the method is suitable for a relative sedimentation measurement environment with large elevation difference. When the liquid pressure sensor is arranged, the increase or decrease of the liquid pressure is counteracted by the increase or decrease of the stroke difference block, so that the upper pressure and the lower pressure of the elastic pressure sensitive element are in a balanced state. When a certain point is settled, the liquid height difference of the liquid pressure sensor relative to the liquid source box changes, and at the moment, the upper pressure difference and the lower pressure difference of the elastic pressure sensitive element change to output corresponding signals, and the settlement can be obtained by detecting the pressure difference signals and compensating signals in a balance state.
Claims (1)
1. The tunnel large-elevation-difference sedimentation measurement system is characterized by comprising a liquid source water tank filled with liquid, more than 1 liquid pressure sensor and a communicating pipe for communicating the liquid source water tank with each liquid pressure sensor;
each liquid pressure sensor comprises a shell and more than one stroke difference block; defining the part of the bottom of the shell, which is connected with the communicating pipe, as a liquid port, wherein the liquid port is connected with an exhaust valve; an elastic pressure sensitive element is fixed at the inner bottom of the shell and above the liquid through hole in a sealing way, and a stroke difference block is arranged on the elastic pressure sensitive element;
defining the minimum elevation difference between adjacent liquid pressure sensors as h, the pressure receiving area of the elastic pressure sensitive element as S, ρ as the density of liquid, and the mass m of the elevation difference block as follows: m=ρhs;
the elastic pressure sensitive element covers the inner bottom surface of the shell;
cheng Chakuai is plate-like with uniform thickness and covers the elastic pressure sensitive element above the liquid inlet.
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| CN201510410761.9A CN104976988B (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2015-07-14 | Tunnel large-elevation-difference sedimentation measurement system |
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| CN201510410761.9A CN104976988B (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2015-07-14 | Tunnel large-elevation-difference sedimentation measurement system |
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| CN104976988B true CN104976988B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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| CN105737796B (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2018-06-05 | 苏州市建设工程质量检测中心有限公司 | Hydraulic pressure leveling systems and its measuring method |
| CN108759781B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2024-01-16 | 中交特种工程有限公司 | Vertical displacement monitoring device and method for initial large-height-difference structure |
| CN110044330A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-23 | 中铁十六局集团地铁工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measuring device and method |
| CN110057345B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2023-09-08 | 广州市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Contact type static level, relative sedimentation monitoring system and method thereof |
| CN110044331B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2024-01-19 | 广州市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Non-contact static level, relative sedimentation monitoring system and method thereof |
| CN113091696A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-09 | 中交四航局第五工程有限公司 | System and method for removing accumulated gas in liquid measurement pipeline |
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Inventor after: Chen Defeng Inventor after: Pan Rong Inventor after: Lu Yi Inventor after: Qian Hongwei Inventor after: Ju Yanbo Inventor after: Zhou Hao Inventor after: Gao Fei Inventor after: Zhang Lei Inventor after: Yu Wei Inventor after: Shan Ming Inventor after: Wang Yongqiang Inventor after: Gao Shengyu Inventor after: Tu Yue Inventor after: Zhang Shouyu Inventor after: Wang Chunning Inventor after: Liu Xiaodong Inventor after: Gu Chengyang Inventor after: Li Hongze Inventor after: Wang Guangming Inventor after: Zhang Tao Inventor after: Xue Hengsong Inventor before: Gao Shengyu Inventor before: Pan Rong Inventor before: Lu Yi Inventor before: Qian Hongwei Inventor before: Ju Yanbo Inventor before: Chen Defeng Inventor before: Liu Xiaodong Inventor before: Gu Chengyang Inventor before: Li Hongze Inventor before: Wang Guangming Inventor before: Wang Chunning Inventor before: Zhang Tao Inventor before: Xue Hengsong |
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Effective date of registration: 20160414 Address after: Nanjing City, Jiangsu province 210019 Olympic Avenue No. 1 Applicant after: JIANGSU NANJING POWER SUPPLY Co. Applicant after: State Grid Corporation of China Applicant after: JIANGSU ELECTRIC POWER Co. Applicant after: NANJING SUYI INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Shanghai Bandweaver Technologies Co.,Ltd. Address before: Nanjing City, Jiangsu province 210019 Olympic Avenue No. 1 Applicant before: State Grid Corporation of China Applicant before: JIANGSU ELECTRIC POWER Co. Applicant before: JIANGSU NANJING POWER SUPPLY Co. Applicant before: NANJING SUYI INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: Shanghai Bandweaver Technologies Co.,Ltd. |
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