CN108040592B - Lettuce harvester - Google Patents
Lettuce harvester Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108040592B CN108040592B CN201711010575.1A CN201711010575A CN108040592B CN 108040592 B CN108040592 B CN 108040592B CN 201711010575 A CN201711010575 A CN 201711010575A CN 108040592 B CN108040592 B CN 108040592B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- lettuce
- conveying
- shovel
- divider
- frame
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- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000208822 Lactuca Species 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000251133 Sphyrna tiburo Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a lettuce harvester which comprises a frame, and a scarifying device, a divider, a conveying clamping device, a root cutting mechanism and a travelling device which are arranged on the frame, wherein the divider is arranged on the frame; the soil loosening device is arranged behind the crop divider and is used for shaking out lettuce roots from soil; a divider for gathering lettuce shaken out of the soil; the conveying clamping device is used for receiving lettuce output from the crop divider and conveying the lettuce to a lettuce collecting bin arranged at the output end of the conveying clamping device; the root cutting mechanism is arranged below the conveying clamping device so as to cut off the root of lettuce on the conveying clamping device; the advancing device is arranged on the frame and drives the frame to drive the whole body to move forwards. The invention solves the technical problem that lettuce can be continuously and completely harvested under the condition of uneven vegetable land, and breaks through the research barrier of the current leaf vegetable harvest.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lettuce harvester, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural product harvesting machinery in agricultural machinery.
Background
In China, the research and development of the leaf vegetable harvester only stays in the theoretical research stage, the researched technology takes the harvested ground as the premise of certain flatness, and the domestic vegetable finishing mechanical technology is behind, so that the flatness of the vegetable planting ground cannot be ensured, and the development of the leaf vegetable harvesting mechanical research is slow.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a lettuce harvester, solves the technical problem that lettuce can be continuously and completely harvested under the condition of uneven vegetable fields, and breaks the research barrier of harvesting current leaf vegetables.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a lettuce harvester comprises a frame, a scarifying device, a divider, a conveying clamping device, a root cutting mechanism and a travelling device, wherein the scarifying device, the divider, the conveying clamping device, the root cutting mechanism and the travelling device are arranged on the frame;
the soil loosening device is arranged behind the crop divider and is used for shaking out lettuce roots from soil;
a divider for gathering lettuce shaken out of the soil;
the conveying clamping device is used for receiving lettuce output from the crop divider and conveying the lettuce to a lettuce collecting bin arranged at the output end of the conveying clamping device;
the root cutting mechanism is arranged below the conveying clamping device so as to cut off the root of lettuce on the conveying clamping device;
the advancing device is arranged on the frame and drives the frame to drive the whole body to move forwards.
Further, the device that loosens the soil includes the shovel that loosens the soil, cam and drives cam pivoted power unit, the shovel that loosens the soil has front end shovel head and sets up the shovel installation axle that loosens the soil at the rear portion, the shovel that loosens the soil passes through the shovel installation axle pin joint in the frame, the cam passes through the camshaft to be installed in the frame to drive by power unit and rotate, during the cam rotation, the rear end handle of intermittent type ground shovel is jacked up to drive the front end shovel head of shovel and make a round trip to shake with certain degree of depth continuously and reach the purpose of loosening the soil.
Further, the device that loosens the soil still includes the shovel return spring that loosens the soil that is used for making the rear end handle of shovel that loosens the soil keep continuous contact with the cam, be provided with shovel return spring installation axle on the shovel that loosens the soil, shovel return spring installation axle and shovel installation axle parallel arrangement loosens the soil, the one end of shovel return spring is connected in the frame, and the other end is installed on shovel return spring installation axle loosens the soil.
Further, carry clamping device includes the motor to and two transport holders about by motor drive, and set up the vegetable whereabouts restriction guide rail of adjustable about going up in carrying the holder below, two transport holders are mutually supported in order to centre gripping vegetables and carry about, and vegetable whereabouts restriction guide rail passes through the regulating plate to be fixed in the frame, the regulating plate is used for adjusting vegetable whereabouts restriction guide rail's upper and lower position and left and right positions.
Further, the conveying grippers are obliquely arranged from front to back and obliquely upwards, and the vegetable falling limiting guide rail and the conveying grippers are arranged in the same direction.
Further, the conveying grippers have a plurality of gripping heads of elliptical structures made of soft rubber, the gripping heads of the elliptical structures being arranged from front to back, and the gripping heads of the corresponding elliptical structures of the left and right conveying grippers being used for gripping vegetables.
Further, the rear end handle of the scarifier is upwards provided with rake teeth with different heights and different densities for knocking down soil on the root of the vegetable.
Further, the root cutting mechanism comprises two pairs of disc cutters, wherein the two pairs of disc cutters are arranged at the bottom of the vegetable falling limiting guide rail and are arranged along the direction of the vegetable falling limiting guide rail, the disc cutters are fixed on the frame through a disc cutter adjusting plate, and the disc cutters are powered by a motor and are driven by a disc cutter triangular belt.
Further, the divider is installed at the front end of the frame through a pin, the divider is guaranteed to be clung to the ground through a divider return spring, one end of the divider return spring is connected to the divider, and the other end of the divider return spring is connected to the frame.
Further, the advancing device comprises a crawler base and a crawler, an engine is arranged on the crawler base, the crawler is driven to advance by the engine, the engine drives a cam shaft through a cam shaft cam belt, and the engine and the cam shaft cam belt jointly form a power mechanism for driving the cam to rotate.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The lettuce harvester comprises a soil loosening device, a crop divider, a conveying clamping device, a root cutting mechanism and a travelling device, wherein after the crop divider at the front end of the lettuce harvester gathers lettuce, the soil loosening device shakes the root of the lettuce out of soil, the conveying clamping device clamps the lettuce to be conveyed upwards along with the advancing of the travelling device, and in the conveying process, the root cutting mechanism cuts the root of the lettuce along with the continuous rising of the lettuce, and the lettuce is conveyed to a lettuce collecting bin until harvesting is completed;
2) The shaking type soil loosening shovel provided by the invention has the advantages that the front, back, upper and lower positions of the shaking type soil loosening shovel are adjustable, the shaking soil loosening of the soil loosening shovel is ensured, the root of lettuce is shaken out of soil, the problem that the cutting position cannot be ensured by directly cutting with a cutter in the past is solved, and the loss rate of lettuce harvesting is greatly reduced;
3) The rear end handle of the scarifier is provided with a certain number of rake teeth, the rake teeth continuously shake up and down, soil at the root of lettuce can be knocked down, and preparation is made for subsequent root cutting;
4) The conveying clamp holder is made of soft rubber, and the lettuce can be effectively clamped by the gap between the clamping heads of the elliptic structures on the two conveying clamp holders and the clamping heads of the elliptic structures, and the lettuce is not damaged; the lettuce roots enter the vegetable falling limiting guide rail, and a gap between the two guide rails can only hold the lettuce roots so as to prepare for root cutting;
5) According to the lettuce root cutting mechanism, the lettuce root cutting position is guaranteed through the vegetable falling limiting guide rail which is adjustable up and down and left and right, the cutting lengths are equal, the yield of lettuce is improved, the lettuce harvesting rate is guaranteed, lettuce root cutting is carried out through the two pairs of disc cutters, and the lettuce root cutting quality is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a lettuce harvester according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the lettuce harvester according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a B-B cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the root cutting mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the scarifier according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a lettuce harvester comprises a frame 12, a scarifier, a divider 1, 25, a conveying and clamping device, a root cutting mechanism and a travelling device which are arranged on the frame 12;
the scarifier is arranged behind the crop divider 1, 25 and is used for shaking out lettuce roots from soil;
a crop divider 1, 25 for gathering lettuce tremble from the earth; the crop divider comprises a left crop divider 1 and a right crop divider 25;
a conveying and clamping device for receiving lettuce output from the left divider 1 and the right divider 25 and conveying the lettuce to a lettuce collection bin 9 arranged at the output end of the conveying and clamping device;
the root cutting mechanism is arranged below the conveying clamping device so as to cut off the root of lettuce on the conveying clamping device;
the travelling device is arranged on the frame 12 and drives the frame 12 to drive the whole to move forwards.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 5, the scarifier comprises a scarifier 17, a cam 20 and a power mechanism for driving the cam 20 to rotate, wherein the scarifier 17 is provided with a front end shovel head 36 and a scarifier mounting shaft 38 arranged at a rear end handle, the scarifier 17 is pinned on the frame 12 through the scarifier mounting shaft 38, the cam 20 is mounted on the frame 12 through a cam shaft and is driven to rotate by the power mechanism, and when the cam 20 rotates, the rear end handle of the scarifier 17 is intermittently jacked, so that the front end shovel head of the scarifier 17 is driven to continuously shake back and forth at a certain depth to achieve the purpose of scarifying. The frame 12 is provided with a plurality of scarifier position adjusting holes 15, and scarifier mounting shafts 38 are mounted on different scarifier position adjusting holes 15 to adjust the front-rear upper-lower positions of the scarifier 17.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 5, the soil loosening device further comprises a soil loosening blade return spring 19 for keeping a rear end handle of the soil loosening blade 17 in continuous contact with the cam 20, a soil loosening blade return spring mounting shaft 37 is arranged on the soil loosening blade 17, the soil loosening blade return spring mounting shaft 37 is arranged in parallel with the soil loosening blade mounting shaft 38, one end of the soil loosening blade return spring 19 is connected to the frame 12, and the other end of the soil loosening blade return spring 19 is mounted on the soil loosening blade return spring mounting shaft 37.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the conveying clamping device comprises a motor 8, a left conveying clamp 2 and a right conveying clamp 24 driven by the motor 8, wherein one vegetable falling limiting guide rail 21 and one vegetable falling limiting guide rail 27 which are adjustable up and down and left and right are respectively arranged below the left conveying clamp 2 and the right conveying clamp 24, the left vegetable falling limiting guide rail 21 is arranged below the left conveying clamp 2, the right vegetable falling limiting guide rail 27 is arranged below the right conveying clamp 24, the transverse interface of the left vegetable falling limiting guide rail 21 and the right vegetable falling limiting guide rail 27 is triangular, the left conveying clamp 21 and the right conveying clamp 27 are matched with each other to clamp vegetables and convey the vegetables, the vegetable falling limiting guide rails 21 and 27 are fixed on the frame 12 through adjusting plates 3 and 7, the adjusting plates 3 and 7 are used for adjusting the upper and lower positions and the left and right positions of the vegetable falling limiting guide rails 21 and 27, the root parts of the raw vegetables enter the vegetable falling limiting guide rails 21 and 27, and gaps between the two vegetable falling limiting guide rails 21 and 27 are used for accommodating root parts of the raw vegetables.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the conveying holders 2 and 24 are obliquely arranged from front to back and obliquely upwards, and the vegetable drop limiting rails 21 and 27 are arranged in the same direction as the conveying holders 2 and 24, and the left and right conveying holders hold the upper parts of lettuce so that the roots of lettuce enter the gap between the left and right vegetable drop limiting rails.
As shown in fig. 2, the conveying grippers 2, 24 have a plurality of gripping heads of an elliptical structure made of soft rubber, which are arranged from front to back, and the gripping heads of the corresponding elliptical structure of the left and right conveying grippers 2, 24 are used for gripping vegetables.
As shown in fig. 5, the rear handle of the scarifier 17 is provided with teeth 18 with different heights and densities for knocking down soil on vegetable roots.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the root cutting mechanism comprises two pairs of cutter discs which are mounted at the bottom of the vegetable drop limiting guide rails, are arranged back and forth along the vegetable drop limiting guide rails 21 and 27, each pair of cutter discs comprises a left cutter disc 33 and a right cutter disc 30, the left cutter disc 30 is fixed on the frame through a left cutter disc adjusting plate 4, the right cutter disc 33 is fixed on the frame 12 through a right cutter disc adjusting plate 6, cutter shafts 31 and 32 and cutter disc pulleys 28 and 35 connected with the cutter shafts are arranged on the left and right cutter discs, the left and right cutter discs are powered by a motor 8, and the cutter disc pulleys 28 and 35 are driven to rotate by cutter disc triangular belts 29 and 34, so that the cutter discs 30 and 33 rotate to complete cutting.
As shown in fig. 2, the crop divider comprises a left crop divider 1 and a right crop divider 25, the left and right crop dividers 1 and 25 are mounted at the front end of a frame 12 through pins, the left crop divider 1 and the right crop divider 25 respectively ensure that the crop dividers cling to the ground through a left crop divider return spring 16 and a right crop divider return spring 26, one ends of the crop divider return springs 16 and 26 are connected to the crop dividers 1 and 25, and the other ends of the crop divider return springs are connected to the frame 12.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the travelling device comprises a crawler chassis 10 and a crawler belt, wherein an engine 11 is installed on the crawler chassis 10, the engine 11 drives the crawler belt to advance, the engine 11 drives a cam shaft through a cam shaft cam belt 13, specifically, the cam shaft is coaxially arranged with a belt wheel 14, the cam shaft cam belt 13 directly drives the belt wheel and further drives the cam shaft, and the engine 11 and the cam shaft cam belt 13 jointly form a power mechanism for driving the cam 20 to rotate.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
after lettuce is gathered by the crop divider 1 and 25 at the front end of the lettuce harvester, the lettuce root is shaken out from soil by the soil loosening shovel 17, the lettuce is conveyed upwards by the conveying clamps 2 and 24 along with the progress of the lettuce harvester, in the conveying process, firstly, the lettuce root passes through the rake teeth 18 on the soil loosening shovel 17, soil at the lettuce root is knocked down by the rake teeth 18, then, the lettuce root enters a gap between the vegetable falling limiting guide rails 21 and 27, the gap between the vegetable falling limiting guide rails 21 and 27 only can contain the lettuce root, the lettuce is cut off by the two pairs of disc cutters along with the continuous rising of the lettuce, and the lettuce is conveyed to the lettuce collecting bin to finish harvesting.
The technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention have been further described in detail in the above-described embodiments, and it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A lettuce harvester, characterized in that: the device comprises a frame (12), a scarifier, a divider (1, 25), a conveying and clamping device, a root cutting mechanism and a travelling device, wherein the scarifier, the divider (1, 25), the conveying and clamping device, the root cutting mechanism and the travelling device are arranged on the frame (12);
the scarifier is arranged behind the divider (1, 25) and is used for shaking out lettuce roots from soil; the soil loosening device comprises a soil loosening shovel (17), a cam (20) and a power mechanism for driving the cam (20) to rotate, wherein the soil loosening shovel (17) is provided with a front end shovel head (36) and a soil loosening shovel installation shaft (38) arranged at the rear part, the soil loosening shovel (17) is pinned on a frame (12) through the soil loosening shovel installation shaft (38), the cam (20) is installed on the frame (12) through a cam shaft and is driven to rotate by the power mechanism, and when the cam (20) rotates, the rear end handle of the soil loosening shovel (17) is intermittently jacked, so that the front end shovel head of the soil loosening shovel (17) is driven to continuously shake back and forth at a certain depth to achieve the purpose of loosening soil; the rear end handle of the scarifier (17) is upwards provided with rake teeth (18) with different heights and different densities for knocking down soil on the root of the vegetable;
a divider (1, 25) for gathering lettuce tremble from the earth;
a conveying and clamping device for receiving lettuce output from the crop divider (1, 25) and conveying the lettuce to a lettuce collection bin (9) arranged at the output end of the conveying and clamping device;
the root cutting mechanism is arranged below the conveying clamping device so as to cut off the root of lettuce on the conveying clamping device;
the travelling device is arranged on the frame (12) and drives the frame (12) to drive the whole to move forwards.
2. Lettuce harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device of loosening soil still includes the back end handle that is used for making the shovel that loosens soil (17) keeps the shovel return spring (19) that loosens soil of continuous contact with cam (20), be provided with shovel return spring installation axle (37) on the shovel that loosens soil (17), shovel return spring installation axle (37) and shovel installation axle (38) parallel arrangement loosens soil, the one end of shovel return spring (19) is connected on frame (12), and the other end is installed on shovel return spring installation axle (37).
3. Lettuce harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: the conveying clamping device comprises a motor (8), a left conveying clamp holder (2) and a right conveying clamp holder (24) which are driven by the motor (8), a vegetable falling limiting guide rail (21, 27) which is adjustable up and down and left and right is arranged below each of the left conveying clamp holders (2, 24), the left conveying clamp holders (2, 24) and the right conveying clamp holders are mutually matched to clamp vegetables and convey the vegetables, the vegetable falling limiting guide rail (21, 27) is fixed on a frame (12) through an adjusting plate (3, 7), the adjusting plate (3, 7) is used for adjusting the upper and lower positions and the left and right positions of the vegetable falling limiting guide rail (21, 27), the root of a lettuce enters the vegetable falling limiting guide rail (21, 27), and a gap between the two vegetable falling limiting guide rails (21, 27) is used for accommodating the root of the lettuce.
4. A lettuce harvester as in claim 3, characterized in that: the conveying grippers (2, 24) are obliquely arranged from front to back and upwards, and the vegetable drop limiting guide rails (21, 27) and the conveying grippers (2, 24) are arranged in the same direction.
5. A lettuce harvester as in claim 3, characterized in that: the conveying grippers (2, 24) are provided with a plurality of gripping heads with elliptic structures made of soft rubber, the gripping heads with elliptic structures are arranged from front to back, and the gripping heads with the elliptic structures corresponding to the left and right conveying grippers (2, 24) are used for gripping vegetables.
6. A lettuce harvester as in claim 3, characterized in that: the root cutting mechanism comprises two pairs of circular cutters, wherein the two pairs of circular cutters are arranged at the bottom of the vegetable falling limiting guide rail and are arranged back and forth along the direction of the vegetable falling limiting guide rail (21, 27), the two pairs of circular cutters are fixed on a frame (12) through circular cutter adjusting plates (4, 6), and the circular cutters are powered by a motor (8) and driven by circular cutter triangular belts (29, 34).
7. Lettuce harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the divider (1, 25) is mounted at the front end of the frame (12) through a pin, the divider (1, 25) is guaranteed to be clung to the ground through a divider return spring (16, 26), one end of the divider return spring (16, 26) is connected to the divider (1, 25), and the other end of the divider return spring is connected to the frame (12).
8. Lettuce harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the traveling device comprises a crawler chassis (10) and a crawler belt, wherein an engine (11) is arranged on the crawler chassis (10), the crawler belt is driven to advance by the engine (11), the engine (11) drives a cam shaft through a cam shaft cam belt (13), and the engine (11) and the cam shaft cam belt (13) jointly form a power mechanism for driving a cam (20) to rotate.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201711010575.1A CN108040592B (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Lettuce harvester |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201711010575.1A CN108040592B (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Lettuce harvester |
Publications (2)
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CN108040592A CN108040592A (en) | 2018-05-18 |
CN108040592B true CN108040592B (en) | 2024-01-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
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CN201711010575.1A Active CN108040592B (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Lettuce harvester |
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CN108718669B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2021-08-27 | 南京幸庄科技创新产业园管理有限公司 | Vegetable harvesting equipment |
CN109089536B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2020-06-05 | 浙江理工大学 | Greenhouse leaf vegetable harvesting root-cutting manipulator with adjustable front and rear positions |
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CN113207422A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏大学 | Unordered compact planting broccoli harvester with intelligent cutting function |
CN113853936B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2023-05-09 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Water planting lettuce whole plate type harvester capable of orderly collecting vegetables |
CN116714949B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-11-07 | 泰州市慧通机械工程有限公司 | Automatic conveyer for deep processing of fruits and vegetables |
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