CN107991242A - A kind of method and system of the measurement sample polarization state based on polarization splitting prism - Google Patents
A kind of method and system of the measurement sample polarization state based on polarization splitting prism Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method and system of the measurement sample polarization state based on polarization splitting prism, the light that laser is sent is divided into two beams after collimator apparatus collimates by unpolarized Amici prism, wherein light beam carries sample message through sample or after sample reflects as object beam, as light beam is referred to, two-beam is converged another light beam after speculum reflects by unpolarized Amici prism.Rotatory polarization Amici prism so that reference beam is divided into that two-beam is of substantially equal by force after polarization splitting prism, the orthogonal line polarisation in polarization direction.Reference beam and object beam pass through after polarization splitting prism, form the orthogonal interference pattern of two width polarization states.Two width holograms are recorded using camera.By computer that the position of sample in two width holograms is completely the same, pixel corresponds to, and further carries out numerical reconstruction, finally obtains the corresponding amplitude of object light wave field and phase information, the polarization state information of sample is obtained by computer disposal.Compared to the microscopical uses of more traditional Mueller, avoid that multi collect is protected from environmental, improve the stability of system and real-time measurement capability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical field, more particularly to Digital Holography field.
Background technology
Digital holography is widely used in flowing with the advantages that it is quick in real time, non-destructive, Noninvasive, measurement of full field
The fields such as field measurement, distortion measurement, morphology analysis, micro-imaging.But common digital holography can only obtain light field to be measured
Amplitude and phase information, and the polarization state information entrained by object is also one of its most important property.It is applied to life at present
Mueller microscopes in thing can measure the Mueller matrixes of biological tissue, but need repeatedly the inclined of adjustment incident light
Polarization state, record multigroup strength information come it is counter solve biological tissue's polarization information, process is very cumbersome and limited precision.In geometry phase
In potential theory, what the polarization state information and phase information of light wave were bound together, measure sample by using digital holography
Phase, can very easily calculate obtain sample polarization state information.
The content of the invention
To achieve the above object, the present invention propose it is a kind of based on polarization splitting prism measurement sample polarization state method with
System, mainly using polarization state and the relation of geometric phase, by being combined with digital holography, is calculated inclined with phase information
Polarization state information.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of measurement sample based on polarization splitting prism
The method of polarization state, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
Step 1, adjustment light path so that the object beam and reference beam for carrying sample message are interfered, and are made on two cameras
Occurs a holographic pattern that width size is identical, polarization state is orthogonal at the same time；
Hologram on two cameras of step 2 while digital record, and two width holograms are denoted as respectively,WithWherein I1And I2Table
Show the intensity of hologram, Ao1、Ao2、Ar1And Ar2Represent the amplitude of object light and reference light after polarization splitting prism,WithTable
Show the phase difference of object light and reference light after polarization splitting prism；
Step 3, the diffraction reconstruction process of numerical simulation light wave theoretical according to wave optics, numerical value weight is carried out to hologram
Build, obtain the amplitude and phase distribution information of object light wave field；
Step 4, the correlation theorem according to geometric phase, are calculated by the amplitude and phase distribution of the object light wave field of numerical reconstruction
Go out the stokes parameter of any point on each object light wave field.
The step 1 comprises the steps of：
A. optical element two beam beam-expanding collimations of acquisition are adjusted and retrodeviate light beam known to polarization state (such as Fig. 1, the light beam of gained
1 and light beam 2), and ensure two-beam intensity difference it is smaller；
B. wherein light beam modulates (amplitude, phase and polarization state change) through sample and is used as object beam, another light beam
As with reference to light beam, two-beam incides polarization splitting prism together after converging；
C. the direction of polarization splitting prism is adjusted, reference beam is divided into two-beam strong basis this phase after polarization splitting prism
Deng the orthogonal line polarisation in polarization direction, for linear polarization reference beam, makes the polarization direction of reference light and plane of incidence folder at 45 °
Angle, for circular polarization reference beam, then polarization splitting prism key light direction of principal axis can be selected arbitrarily；
D. after reference beam and object beam pass through polarization splitting prism, in polarization splitting prism orthogonal both direction point
The orthogonal interference pattern of two width polarization states is not formed, and the equal position of chosen distance polarization splitting prism is placed camera, remembered respectively
Record is on a pictures.
The step 3 comprises the steps of：
A. make the position of sample in two width holograms completely the same, pixel corresponds to；
B. two width digital holograms are utilized respectively with numerical reconstruction algorithm general in digital holography and carries out numerical reconstruction,
And Phase- un- wrapping processing is carried out, the corresponding COMPLEX AMPLITUDE E of object light after sample is obtained across respectively by two width holograms1、E2,Wherein, β is the exposure parameter of image acquisition device.
The step 4 comprises the steps of：
A. the complex amplitude obtained to step 3 is calculated as below,χ and ψ difference herein
Azimuth and polar angle when the polarization state of certain point is represented with Poincare sphere on expression thing light wave fields；
B. according to the relation of Poincare sphere and stokes parameter, normalized stokes parameter is obtained by following formula,
So far, the stokes parameter of any point polarization state on characterization sample is obtained.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：Including a laser, a beam-expanding collimation device,
One polarizer, a sample, two speculums, two unpolarized Amici prisms, a polarization splitting prism, two cameras and a computer.Its
In, the light that the laser is sent is divided into two beams after collimator apparatus collimation by the unpolarized Amici prism, wherein
Light beam carries sample message through sample or after sample reflects and is used as object beam, another light beam and refers to light beam, two beams
Light is converged after speculum reflection by unpolarized Amici prism.Rotate the polarization splitting prism so that reference beam
It is divided into that two-beam is of substantially equal by force after polarization splitting prism, the orthogonal line polarisation in polarization direction.Reference beam and object beam
By after polarization splitting prism, form the orthogonal interference pattern of two width polarization states.Using the camera by two width holograms
Record.By the computer that the position of sample in two width holograms is completely the same, pixel corresponds to, and further carries out numerical value weight
Build, finally obtain the corresponding amplitude of object light wave field and phase information, the polarization state information of sample is obtained by computer disposal.
Beneficial effect
The present invention overcomes traditional Mueller microscopes to need repeatedly measurement to obtain lacking for sample polarization state information to calculate
Point, the orthogonal hologram of two width polarization states is recorded by two cameras at the same time, and is combined geometric phase principle and calculated acquisition sample
Polarization state information, the ability that raising system measures in real time, particularly with quick change sample measuring polarization state have it is important
Meaning.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle light path of the measurement sample polarization state information based on polarization splitting prism；
Fig. 2 is the transmission-type sample polarization state information measuring system based on polarization splitting prism；
Fig. 3 is the reflective sample polarization state information measuring system based on polarization splitting prism；
In Fig. 1：Object beam known to 1- polarization states, reference beam known to 2- polarization states, 3- samples, the unpolarized light splitting of 4-
Prism, 5- polarization splitting prisms, 6- cameras, 7- cameras.
In Fig. 2：1- lasers, 2- lens groups, 3- polarizers, the unpolarized Amici prisms of 4-, 5- speculums, 6- transmission styles
Product, 7- speculums, the unpolarized Amici prisms of 8-, 9- polarization splitting prisms, 10- cameras, 11- cameras.
In Fig. 3：1- lasers, 2- lens groups, 3- polarizers, the unpolarized Amici prisms of 4-, the unpolarized Amici prisms of 5-, 6-
Reflective sample, 7- speculums, the unpolarized Amici prisms of 8-, 9- polarization splitting prisms, 10- cameras, 11- cameras.
Embodiment
In conjunction with embodiment, attached drawing, the invention will be further described：
Embodiment 1：A kind of transmission-type sample polarization state information measurement system based on polarization splitting prism that the present invention designs
System is as shown in Fig. 2, workflow is as follows：
The light that laser 1 is sent is collimated into a branch of directional light by lens group 2, is modulated through polarizer 3, incides unpolarized
Amici prism 4, is divided into two beam directional lights through unpolarized Amici prism 4, wherein light beam reflected by speculum 5 after through transmiting style
The modulation of product 6 incides unpolarized Amici prism 8 as object beam, and another light beam is used as to enter with reference to light beam after the reflection of speculum 7
Unpolarized Amici prism 8 is mapped to, unpolarized Amici prism 8 is used so that reference beam and object beam incide polarization point at the same time
Light prism (its optical axis is 45 ° with polarized reference beam angular separation), is divided into two groups of light beams after polarization splitting prism 9.Through sample
After product modulation, the polarization state of incident beam can change, and object beam and reference beam are each divided into two beam polarization states afterwards
Orthogonal light beam, respectively interference are formed two width holograms, are recorded respectively using camera 10 and camera 11.Make two by the computer
The position of sample is completely the same in width hologram, and pixel corresponds to, and numerical value is carried out to hologram using digital hologram algorithm for reconstructing
Rebuild, amplitude and the phase information for respectively obtaining two width holograms are as follows：Wherein β is image
The exposure parameter of sampler.Further it is calculated as below：χ and ψ are represented respectively herein
Azimuth and polar angle when the polarization state of certain point is represented with Poincare sphere on sample, can obtain the side at any point on sample
Parallactic angle and polar angle information, thus calculate the normalized stokes parameter of object light wave field：
Embodiment 2：A kind of reflective sample polarization measurement system light path based on polarization splitting prism that the present invention designs
As shown in figure 3, workflow is as follows：
The light that laser 1 is sent is collimated into a branch of directional light by lens group 2, through 3 modulating polarization state of polarizer, incides
Unpolarized Amici prism 4, is divided into two beam directional lights, wherein light beam is anti-by unpolarized Amici prism 5 through unpolarized Amici prism 4
Reflected after penetrating through reflective sample 6 and incide unpolarized Amici prism 8 as object beam, another light beam is after the reflection of speculum 7
Unpolarized Amici prism 8 is incided as with reference to light beam, unpolarized Amici prism 8 is so that reference beam and object beam are incident at the same time
To polarization splitting prism 9 (its optical axis is 45 degree with polarized reference beam angular separation), two groups are divided into after polarization splitting prism 9
Light beam.After sample is modulated, the polarization state of incident beam can change, and object beam and reference beam are each divided into two afterwards
The orthogonal light beam of beam polarization state, respectively interference are formed two width holograms, are recorded respectively using camera 10 and camera 11.By the meter
Calculation machine makes the position of sample in two width holograms completely the same, and pixel corresponds to, using digital hologram algorithm for reconstructing to hologram
Numerical reconstruction is carried out, amplitude and the phase information for respectively obtaining two width holograms are as follows：Wherein
β is the exposure parameter of image acquisition device.Further it is calculated as below：χ and ψ herein
The azimuth when polarization state of certain point on sample is represented with Poincare sphere and polar angle are represented respectively, can be obtained any on sample
The azimuth of any and polar angle information, thus calculate the normalized stokes parameter of object light wave field：
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method and system of the measurement sample polarization state based on polarization splitting prism, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly:
Step 1, adjustment light path so that the object beam and reference beam for carrying sample message are interfered, and are made on two cameras at the same time
There is a holographic pattern that width size is identical, polarization state is orthogonal；
Hologram on two cameras of step 2 while digital record, and two width holograms are denoted as respectivelyWithWherein I1And I2Represent holographic
The intensity of figure, Ao1、Ao2、Ar1And Ar2Represent the amplitude of object light and reference light after polarization splitting prism,WithRepresent object light
With phase difference of the reference light after polarization splitting prism；
Step 3, the diffraction reconstruction process of numerical simulation light wave theoretical according to wave optics, carry out numerical reconstruction to hologram, obtain
Obtain the amplitude and phase distribution information of object light wave field；
Step 4, the correlation theorem according to geometric phase, are calculated respectively by the amplitude and phase distribution of the object light wave field of numerical reconstruction
The stokes parameter of any point on object light wave field.
The step 1 comprises the steps of：
A. optical element two beam beam-expanding collimations of acquisition are adjusted and retrodeviate light beam known to polarization state (such as Fig. 1,1 He of light beam of gained
Light beam 2), and ensure that two-beam intensity difference is smaller；
B. wherein light beam modulates (amplitude, phase and polarization state change) through sample and is used as object beam, another light beam conduct
Reference beam, two-beam incide polarization splitting prism together after converging；
C. the direction of polarization splitting prism is adjusted, reference beam is divided into two-beam after polarization splitting prism of substantially equal by force,
The orthogonal line polarisation in polarization direction, for linear polarization reference beam, makes the polarization direction of reference light and plane of incidence angle at 45 °,
For circular polarization reference beam, then polarization splitting prism key light direction of principal axis can be selected arbitrarily；
D. after reference beam and object beam pass through polarization splitting prism, shape is distinguished in the orthogonal both direction of polarization splitting prism
The interference pattern orthogonal into two width polarization states, the equal position of chosen distance polarization splitting prism are placed camera, are separately recorded in
On one pictures.
The step 3 comprises the steps of：
A. make the position of sample in two width holograms completely the same, pixel corresponds to；
B. two width digital holograms are utilized respectively with numerical reconstruction algorithm general in digital holography and carries out numerical reconstruction, is gone forward side by side
The processing of row Phase- un- wrapping, the corresponding COMPLEX AMPLITUDE E of object light after sample is obtained across by two width holograms respectively1、Wherein, β is the exposure parameter of image acquisition device.
The step 4 comprises the steps of：
A. the complex amplitude obtained to step 3 is calculated as below,χ and ψ are represented respectively herein
Azimuth and polar angle when the polarization state of certain point is represented with Poincare sphere on object light wave field；
B. according to the relation of Poincare sphere and stokes parameter, normalized stokes parameter is obtained by following formula,
So far, the stokes parameter of any point polarization state on characterization sample is obtained.
2. a kind of system of the measurement sample polarization state based on polarization splitting prism, including a laser, beam-expanding collimation dress
Put, a polarizer, a sample, two speculums, two unpolarized Amici prisms, a polarization splitting prism, two cameras and a computer.
Wherein, the light that the laser is sent is divided into two beams after collimator apparatus collimation by the unpolarized Amici prism, its
Middle light beam carries sample message through sample or after sample reflects as object beam, and another light beam, which is used as, refers to light beam, and two
Converged after speculum reflection described in Shu Guangjing by unpolarized Amici prism.Rotate the polarization splitting prism so that reference light
Beam is divided into that two-beam is of substantially equal by force after polarization splitting prism, the orthogonal line polarisation in polarization direction.Reference beam and object light
Beam passed through after polarization splitting prism, formed the orthogonal interference pattern of two width polarization states.It is using the camera that two width are holographic
Seal is recorded.By the computer that the position of sample in two width holograms is completely the same, pixel corresponds to, and further carries out numerical value
Rebuild, finally obtain the corresponding amplitude of object light wave field and phase information, the polarization state information of sample is obtained by computer disposal.
3. the system of the measurement sample polarization state according to claim 2 based on polarization splitting prism, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is a lens group to state collimator apparatus.
4. the system of the measurement sample polarization state according to claim 2 based on polarization splitting prism, it is characterised in that：Institute
Unpolarized Amici prism is stated to be used to the energy of light being divided into two parts.
5. the system of the measurement sample polarization state according to claim 2 based on polarization splitting prism, it is characterised in that：Institute
State polarization splitting prism act as produce two groups be spatially separating, polarization direction is orthogonal and there are the hologram of certain phase difference.
6. the system of the measurement sample polarization state according to claim 2 based on polarization splitting prism, it is characterised in that：Institute
State image collector and be set to the image acquisition devices such as CCD or CMOS.
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| CN108593114A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-28 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of method and light path of the polarization state and phase of high efficiency synchronous measurement arbitrary beam |
| CN109116708A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-01-01 | 许之敏 | A kind of dual wavelength reflective digital holographic microscope |
| CN112345078A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-09 | 衡阳市智谷科技发展有限公司 | Polarization measurement system based on light wave polarization state |
| CN112378517A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-19 | 衡阳市智谷科技发展有限公司 | Light wave polarization state measuring method based on digital holographic interference |
| CN113238076A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-10 | 西北工业大学 | Complex flow field measuring method and system based on deep learning |
| CN114965477A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨因极科技有限公司 | Full-automatic biological information analysis sampling system and method |
| CN117705305A (en) * | 2024-02-05 | 2024-03-15 | 南京师范大学 | Light field multi-parameter dynamic detection method and compact system thereof |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108593114A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-28 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of method and light path of the polarization state and phase of high efficiency synchronous measurement arbitrary beam |
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| CN113238076A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-10 | 西北工业大学 | Complex flow field measuring method and system based on deep learning |
| CN114965477A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨因极科技有限公司 | Full-automatic biological information analysis sampling system and method |
| CN117705305A (en) * | 2024-02-05 | 2024-03-15 | 南京师范大学 | Light field multi-parameter dynamic detection method and compact system thereof |
| CN117705305B (en) * | 2024-02-05 | 2024-05-17 | 南京师范大学 | Light field multi-parameter dynamic detection method and compact system thereof |
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