CN107988191B - 一种低温酸性蛋白酶及其编码基因与应用 - Google Patents
一种低温酸性蛋白酶及其编码基因与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种低温酸性蛋白酶及其编码基因与应用。本发明首先公开了低温酸性蛋白酶,所述低温酸性蛋白酶是如下(a)或(b)所示的蛋白质:(a)由序列表SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质;(b)由序列表SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列经过一个或多个氨基酸残基的取代和/或缺失和/或插入得到的具有低温酸性条件下蛋白降解活性的蛋白质。本发明进一步公开了所述低温酸性蛋白酶在低温酸性条件下降解蛋白的应用。本发明低温酸性蛋白酶在4~10℃低温条件下仍具有高效的蛋白质降解活性,且具有较低的热灭活温度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及酶工程领域。更具体地,涉及一种低温酸性蛋白酶及其编码基因与应用。
背景技术
以胃蛋白酶为代表的天冬氨酸蛋白酶,能够在酸性(pH1.5~pH5)条件下,作用于目标蛋白中芳香族氨基酸或酸性氨基酸的氨基所组成的肽键,实现对目标蛋白的水解。典型的天冬氨酸肽链内切酶在其活性中心包含两个天冬氨酸残基,该催化残基位于保守区Asp-Thr/Ser-Gly基序内并形成酶活性位点。哺乳动物的天冬氨酸蛋白酶以酶原的形式合成,然后再被激活为有功能的活性形式。生物体内天冬氨酸蛋白酶的主要功能是降解蛋白、抗原和促进其他酶的活化等。
目前酸性蛋白酶被广泛应用于轻化工生产、医疗卫生等领域。例如,酸性蛋白酶被应用于酒精工业中,通过其对原料颗粒间质细胞壁的水解作用,使原料中淀粉释放出来,有利于糖化酶的作用,提高原料出酒率。另外酸性蛋白酶水解释放的α-氨基酸为酵母菌提供了丰富的氮源,有利于酵母细胞的生长和产物合成。又如,酸性蛋白酶被广泛用作饲料添加剂,有助于降解饲料原料中的蛋白成分,提高饲料利用率。酸性蛋白酶的最适作用pH值与畜禽体内消化系统的比较一致,为了加强畜禽对蛋白质的消化吸收,酸性蛋白酶比其它类型的蛋白酶更适合于饲料工业。
目前大规模应用并商业化的酸性蛋白酶主要来自微生物(曲霉)和陆生哺乳动物(牛、猪等),均为常温蛋白酶,最适催化温度在30~40℃。而具有低温水解活性的酸性蛋白酶罕有报道。低温催化相较于常温催化,具有其独特的技术优势,体现在:
(1)低温催化降低了酶反应温度,能够有效地实现工艺的节能降耗。以酒精发酵培养基前处理为例,如能实现中低温的酸性蛋白酶前处理,将节省反应器内加温(通常40℃)的能耗投入,并节省了维持恒温传热的设备投资;
(2)低反应温度,以及相应的酶的灭活温度降低,将能显著减少副反应或产物的非特异性降解。以酸性蛋白酶用于处理大豆蛋白制备血管紧张素酶抑制肽(ACE抑制肽)为例,反应结束后,为了灭活残留的酸性蛋白酶活性,防止活性肽分子在保存、运输过程中的进一步降解,常规的做法是通过高温灭活(80摄氏度处理30分钟)破坏酸性蛋白酶的催化活性。而与此同时,前一阶段生成的ACE抑制肽,不可避免的受到热处理的影响,发生部分降解。而低温酸性蛋白酶具有较低热灭活温度的特性,有助于减少上述过程带来的活性损失。
因此,提供一种在低温条件下具有降解蛋白活性的酸性蛋白酶具有重要的应用价值。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种低温酸性蛋白酶及其编码基因,该酶可以在低温条件下具有降解蛋白的活性。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供上述低温酸性蛋白酶的应用。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用下述技术方案:
本发明提供一种低温酸性蛋白酶,被命名为lpepA1,来源于罗氏南极鱼(Notothenia rossii);所述低温酸性蛋白酶是如下(a)或(b)所示的蛋白质:
(a)由序列表SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质;
(b)由序列表SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列经过一个或多个氨基酸残基的取代和/或缺失和/或插入得到的具有低温酸性条件下蛋白降解活性的蛋白质。
其中,所述序列表SEQ ID NO.1所述氨基酸序列由359个氨基酸残基组成。
在本发明中上述低温酸性蛋白酶的编码基因也属于本发明的保护范围,所述编码基因如(a)或(b)所示:
(a)如序列表SED ID NO.2所示的核苷酸序列;
(b)编码如序列表SED ID NO.1所示氨基酸序列的核苷酸序列。
其中,序列表SEQ ID NO.2所示的核苷酸序列由1077个碱基组成,其编码序列为自5’端第1到第1077位碱基,编码如序列表SED ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列的蛋白质。
需要注意的是,含有本发明上述编码基因的表达载体、细胞系、工程菌及宿主菌均属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明还提供了一种表达上述低温酸性蛋白酶的方法,是将含有上述低温酸性蛋白酶编码基因的重组表达载体导入宿主细胞,表达得到低温酸性蛋白酶。
其中,所述宿主可为大肠杆菌、酵母菌、哺乳动物、昆虫、枯草杆菌、芽孢杆菌或乳杆菌等,优选为酵母菌。
所述酵母菌优选为巴氏德毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris),例如巴氏德毕赤酵母X33。
用于构建所述重组大肠杆菌表达载体及重组酵母菌表达载体的出发载体可为在上述宿主中表达外源基因的表达载体,如可在大肠杆菌中表达的pEB载体,以及在巴氏德毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)中表达的pPIC9K、pPIC9、pGAPza等。
上述重组表达载体均可按常规方法构建。
本发明还提供了所述低温酸性蛋白酶在低温酸性条件下降解蛋白的应用。
本发明进一步还提供了所述低温酸性蛋白酶的编码基因在低温酸性条件下降解蛋白的应用。
优选的,所述蛋白可以为牛血红蛋白、酪蛋白、胶原、明胶、大豆蛋白、麦麸蛋白。
本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明低温酸性蛋白酶在4~10℃低温条件具有高效的蛋白质降解活性,且具有较低(40℃)的热灭活温度。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。
图1示出重组表达载体pGAPZa-lpepA1的表达产物的SDS-PAGE图。
图2示出低温酸性蛋白酶的活性检测结果。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明,下面结合优选实施例和附图对本发明做进一步的说明。附图中相似的部件以相同的附图标记进行表示。本领域技术人员应当理解,下面所具体描述的内容是说明性的而非限制性的,不应以此限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1低温酸性蛋白酶基因的获得及其表达
1、低温酸性蛋白酶基因转录文库的建立
罗氏南极鱼(Notothenia rossii)成鱼经活体解剖,取胃粘膜样本,液氮速冻,于-80℃保存备用。组织样本经液氮研磨后,参照以RNAiso Plus(Takara,大连)试剂盒提取总RNA。RNA样品经RNase-free DNase I消化处理去除基因组DNA污染后,琼脂糖凝胶电泳和紫外分光光度计检测,浓度调至500ng/μL。以上述RNA样品为模板,经AMV反转录试剂盒(Promega)反转录为cDNA,-20℃保存。
2、低温酸性蛋白酶基因的获得
以步骤1中获得的cDNA为模板,利用序列表SED ID NO.3所示的引物1和序列表SEDID NO.4所示的引物2进行PCR反应,扩增低温酸性蛋白酶(lpepA1)基因的序列。
引物1:5’-CTCGAGTTCCACAAGATTCCCCT-3’(其核苷酸序列如序列表SED ID NO.3所示,划线部分碱基为Xho I位点);
引物2:5’-GCGGCGCCTTAGACAGACTTGGCCAGAC-3’(其核苷酸序列如序列表SED IDNO.4所示,划线部分碱基为Not I识别位点);
在PCR反应中,PCR反应条件为:94℃,保持5分钟,接着按以下的温度变化程序循环30次:升温至94℃,保持1分钟,降温至54℃,保持1分钟,升温至68℃,保持2分钟;然后于68℃,保持10分钟,最后于4℃保温10分钟,结束扩增反应。通过琼脂糖电泳分析获得约1.5kb的单一带,PCR产物检测之后经PCR产物纯化试剂盒纯化,并检测浓度。PCR产物经TA克隆,连接pMD18-T载体,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,获得重组质粒pMD18-lpepA1测序鉴定。该低温酸性蛋白酶基因DNA序列如序列表SEQ ID NO.2所示,其对应的氨基酸序列如序列表SEQ ID NO.1所示。
3、低温酸性蛋白酶编码基因序列的重组表达载体的构建
所获得的PCR产物两端具有Xho I和Not I限制性内切酶位点,用Xho I和Not I限制性内切酶对PCR产物和质粒pGAPZAα同时进行双酶切反应。酶切体系50μL:目的片段或质粒20μL,10×Buffer 5μL,Xho I 2μL,Not I 2μL,ddH2O 21μL,酶切条件是37℃反应3h。酶切产物经柱回收后测序验证。目的片段和载体片段用T4DNA连接酶进行体外连接。连接反应体系10μL:目的片段5μL,pGAPZAα载体2μL 10×T4DNA连接缓冲液1μL,T4DNA连接酶(350U/μL)1μL,ddH2O 1μL,16℃连接过夜。连接产物转化大肠杆菌JM109,经卡那霉素抗性筛选,挑取菌落37℃振荡培养6-8h,分别进行PCR鉴定和重组质粒的酶切鉴定。获得的重组表达载体命名为后pGAPZAα-lpepA1。对其进行测序,证明克隆连接的DNA序列与序列表SEQ ID NO.2所示序列相同,构建含有低温酸性蛋白酶基因序列的重组表达载体pGAPZAα-lpepA1正确无误。4、低温酸性蛋白酶在毕赤酵母中的表达
将重组表达载体pGAPZAα-lpepA1用BspHI限制性内切酶酶切使之线性化后,采用电击方式,将线性化的载体pGAPZAα-lpepA1导入毕赤酵母X33中,经选择性培养基培养,筛选抗博来霉素的高表达菌株。挑取选择性培养基上长出的单菌落接种于5ml YPD液体培养基(酵母膏10g/L、蛋白胨20g/L、葡萄糖20g/L)中,28℃培养12-24小时后,转入500mlBMGY培养基(1%酵母膏、2%蛋白胨、酵母氮源(YNB)1.34%、100mM磷酸缓冲液pH6.0、4×10-5生物素,1%甘油)中继续培养至菌液的OD600=2-3,调整培养温度为15℃,补加葡萄糖诱导培养,并在此后每隔24小时补加葡萄糖至终浓度为1%,培养至120小时即可停止培养。离心收集上清,取15μL上清用SDS-PAGE电泳进行检测。结果如图1所示:泳道1为蛋白标准分子量marker;泳道2为表达产物,箭头表示目的条带,这表明重组菌株在葡萄糖低温诱导下表达的蛋白质的分子量约38KDa,与从氨基酸推段出的理论分子量(38kd)大小一致。
在毕赤酵母中表达的低温酸性蛋白酶可以直接分泌到培养液的上清中,上清液中蛋白成分单一,可直接用于酶活性测定。
实施例2低温酸性蛋白酶的活性检测(血红蛋白水解法)
1、原理:目标底物牛血红蛋白,在适宜的缓冲条件下,经酸性蛋白酶水解,释放出游离酪氨酸或含酪氨酸的小肽进入反应溶液中。之后,反应体系内加入三氯乙酸沉淀大分子蛋白质(包括酸性蛋白酶和未反应的底物血红蛋白),通过比色法测定上清液中酪氨酸含量,可间接反映酸性蛋白酶的活力水平。
2、实验方法与结果:
2.1试验样品
低温酸性蛋白酶lpepA1(来源于实施例1);市售猪胃蛋白酶(pepA(Swine))。
上述样品测试中,均各自设置“实验组”、“空白对照组”反应试管,进行表观酶活测定。
2.2方法
配置“实验组”反应液,添加5ml底物牛血红蛋白20mg/ml(稀盐酸调节pH=2);加浓度为0.05mg/ml酶溶液1ml,冰水浴备用;
配置“空白对照组”反应液,添加5ml底物牛血红蛋白20mg/ml(稀盐酸调节pH=2),冰水浴备用;
“实验组”和“空白对照组”试管,同时放入10℃水浴中,水浴10分钟后,“实验组”试管,加入10ml三氯乙酸溶液(5%W/V),震荡混匀,终止反应。“空白对照组”试管依次,加入10ml三氯乙酸溶液(5%W/V),再添加1ml酶溶液(0.05mg/ml),震荡混匀,终止反应。
实验组和空白对照组,均经高速离心去除蛋白沉淀后,以比色法测定溶液中酪氨酸含量,记录280nm下吸光度,并以如下公式计算酶活。
其中:
A280Test:实验组吸光度
A280Blank:空白对照组吸光度
m:酶添加量(g)
t:反应时间(min)
df:稀释倍数
测试结果如图2所示。结果表明,在所述10℃低温条件下,本发明低温酸性蛋白酶lpepA1活力可达4000U/g以上,比活高于对照样品市售猪胃蛋白酶四倍以上。
为验证本发明低温酸性蛋白酶lpepA1的热稳定性,进行热灭活实验,灭活条件为:0.5mg/ml酶储备液40℃水浴30分钟。经过40℃水浴30分钟温和灭活后,如图2中lpepA1(Deactivated)所示,可有效灭活90%以上的蛋白酶活力。
显然,本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定,对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动,这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举,凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。
序列表
<110> 中国科学院理化技术研究所
<120> 一种低温酸性蛋白酶及其编码基因与应用
<130> JLC17I0805E
<160> 4
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ttccacaaga ttcccctgat caagggaaag actgccaggg aagccctgca ggaggaagga 60
atatgggagg agtacagaaa ggagcatcca tacaacccca tggccaagtt ctaccagagt 120
ggcactgagt ctatgaccaa cgatgctgac ctttcatact atggtgtgat ctccatcggc 180
acccctcccc agtccttcag tgtcatcttt gacaccggct cctccaacct gtggatccct 240
tcagtgtact gctccagcca ggcctgccag aaccaccgta aattcaaccc acagcagtcc 300
agtactttca aatggggaag ccagcctctg tccatccagt acggcaccgg cagcatgact 360
ggatatctgg ccagtgacac tgttgaggtg ggcggcatct ctgtggtcaa ccaggtgttc 420
ggaatcagcc atacagaggc tgccttcatg gctagcatgg tggctgatgg catcctggga 480
ttggccttcc agagcattgc ttctgacaac gtcgtgcctg tctttgacat gatggtcaag 540
gggggacttg tgtctcaacc cctgttctcc gtctatctga gcagcaacag tgaacagggc 600
agtgaggtgg tcttcggtgg tgttgacagc agccactaca ctggacaaat caactggatc 660
cctctgtcct ctgagaccta ctggcagatc aaaatggaca gtgttaccat caatggacag 720
attgtagcct gcgctggtgg ctgccaggcc atcatcgaca ctggtacctc cctgatcgtt 780
ggcccatcca gtgacatcag caacatgaat tcttgggttg gagcctcaac caaccagtac 840
ggagaggcta cagtgaactg ccagaacatc cagagcatgc ctgaggtcac cttcaccctc 900
aacgaaaaca ccttcaccat ccctgcatct gcctacgtct ctcagagctc ctacggttgc 960
agcactggct ttggccagag tagccaacag ctctggatcc tgggagatgt cttcatcagg 1020
caatactacg ccatctttga ctctagcact ctgaaaattg gtctggccaa gtctgtc 1077
<210> 3
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 3
ctcgagttcc acaagattcc cct 23
<210> 4
<211> 28
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 4
gcggcgcctt agacagactt ggccagac 28
Claims (8)
1.一种低温酸性蛋白酶,其特征在于,所述低温酸性蛋白酶是由序列表SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质。
2.权利要求1所述低温酸性蛋白酶的编码基因。
3.一种如权利要求2所述的编码基因,其特征在于,所述低温酸性蛋白酶的编码基因如(a)或(b)所示:
(a)如序列表SED ID NO.2所示的核苷酸序列;
(b)编码如序列表SED ID NO.1所示氨基酸序列的核苷酸序列。
4.含有权利要求2或3所述的编码基因的表达载体、细胞系、工程菌或宿主菌。
5.一种表达权利要求1所述的低温酸性蛋白酶的方法,其特征在于,将含有权利要求2或3所述的低温酸性蛋白酶的编码基因的重组表达载体导入宿主细胞,表达得到低温酸性蛋白酶。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,用于构建重组表达载体的出发载体为pEB、pPIC9K、pPIC9、pGAPza载体。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述宿主为大肠杆菌、酵母菌、哺乳动物、昆虫、枯草杆菌、芽孢杆菌或乳杆菌。
8.权利要求1所述低温酸性蛋白酶在低温酸性条件下降解蛋白的应用。
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CN101045933A (zh) * | 2007-03-12 | 2007-10-03 | 山东大学 | 一种适冷蛋白酶的基因mcp01及其制备方法 |
CN101597615A (zh) * | 2009-07-10 | 2009-12-09 | 天津科技大学 | 低温碱性蛋白酶基因、含有该基因的工程菌及二者的构建方法以及低温碱性蛋白酶 |
WO2011104339A1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-09-01 | Novozymes A/S | Variants of a lysozyme and polynucleotides encoding same |
CN104271726A (zh) * | 2012-05-01 | 2015-01-07 | 诺维信公司 | 洗涤剂组合物 |
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CN101045933A (zh) * | 2007-03-12 | 2007-10-03 | 山东大学 | 一种适冷蛋白酶的基因mcp01及其制备方法 |
CN101597615A (zh) * | 2009-07-10 | 2009-12-09 | 天津科技大学 | 低温碱性蛋白酶基因、含有该基因的工程菌及二者的构建方法以及低温碱性蛋白酶 |
WO2011104339A1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-09-01 | Novozymes A/S | Variants of a lysozyme and polynucleotides encoding same |
CN104271726A (zh) * | 2012-05-01 | 2015-01-07 | 诺维信公司 | 洗涤剂组合物 |
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