CN107987927A - 一种钢丝绳油组合物 - Google Patents

一种钢丝绳油组合物 Download PDF

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CN107987927A
CN107987927A CN201610947449.8A CN201610947449A CN107987927A CN 107987927 A CN107987927 A CN 107987927A CN 201610947449 A CN201610947449 A CN 201610947449A CN 107987927 A CN107987927 A CN 107987927A
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CN107987927B (zh
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石啸
刘红
杜雪岭
李万英
赵海鹏
安岸斐
龙茵
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种钢丝绳油组合物，由以下组分组成：至少一种极压抗磨剂0.1％～1％；至少一种摩擦改进剂0.1％～0.5％；至少一种防锈剂0.1％～10％；至少一种成膜剂0.1％～5％；至少一种黏指剂1％～20％；至少一种基础油余量。本发明钢丝绳油具有突出的黏附性能和极压抗磨性能、优异的抗盐雾和湿热性能、优良的低温性能。本发明可用于港口机械、船舶辅机、冶金矿山、工程机械等钢丝绳设备的润滑，可完全满足海洋盐雾潮湿环境下钢丝绳设备对于油品防锈性能的苛刻要求。

Description

一种钢丝绳油组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种润滑油组合物，具体涉及一种具有突出的黏附性能和极压抗磨性能、优异的抗盐雾和湿热性能、优良低温性能的钢丝绳油。
背景技术
长期以来，钢丝绳均采用钢丝绳表面润滑脂、钢丝绳麻芯润滑脂、开式齿轮润滑脂等润滑脂产品进行防锈及润滑保护。国内外已颁布了许多钢丝绳防锈润滑脂的技术标准，如石化行业标准SH 0387-1992钢丝绳表面脂、SH0388-1992钢丝绳麻芯脂、美军规格MIL-G-18458-1996钢丝绳与开式齿轮润滑脂、原西德标准DIN21258-1986传动轮钢丝绳用浸渍料和润滑剂、原苏联国家标准ГОСТ5570-1969钢丝绳润滑脂39Y及ГОСТ15037-1969浸渍钢丝绳麻芯用脂等。但是，符合此类标准的产品在经过一段时期的使用后，表面的润滑脂会变硬、开裂、脱落，在盐雾条件下会加速劣化过程。
近年来钢丝绳润滑技术已从润滑脂向润滑油过渡，钢丝绳油对钢绳的渗透力强，可以迅速渗入钢绳内部以及绳芯，进行润滑和防锈。同时钢丝绳润滑油相比钢丝绳润滑脂特别适用于中高速运行下的绳索装置。因此随着钢丝绳技术的发展和应用领域的拓展，急需一种专用的钢丝绳油，要求其具有突出的黏附性能和极压抗磨性能、优异的防锈性能、优良低温性能。
国内外研究人员已经在钢丝绳油方面完成了一些卓有成效的工作，但仍然存在一些的不足。如美国专利US 2211254中公开了一种钢丝绳油，其基础油采用沥青、重质渣油，同时采用石棉纤维和聚合物增加油品的黏附性，油品成本较低，黏附性能较好，但未提及对于钢丝绳防护十分关键的防锈性能；美国专利US3029203公开了一种钢丝绳油，基础油采用石油沥青、石蜡和轻质油，同时加入环烷酸铅以增强油品黏附性，该油品具有一定的抗磨损性能，且黏附性有提升，但环烷酸铅有毒，容易造成人体及水生物铅中毒。中国专利CN105018202A公开了一种钢丝绳润滑剂组合物，可在高温工况下对钢丝绳提供润滑保护，同时具备较好的防锈性能，但未提及是否具备黏附性能和抗湿热性能；中国专利CN102220182B公开了一种利用废油调质的钢丝绳润滑剂，采用液压油、工业齿轮油等废油作为基础油，同时加入极压剂、防锈剂和抗氧剂，该油品较好的利用了废油，减少环境污染，可用于普通环境下钢丝绳润滑，但未提及是否具备抗盐雾和抗湿热性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种钢丝绳油组合物，所述钢丝绳油具有突出的黏附性能和极压抗磨性能、优异的抗盐雾和湿热性能、优良低温性能的钢丝绳油。
本发明提供一种钢丝绳油组合物，其由如下质量百分含量的组分组成：
为了提高所述组合物的综合性能，本发明对基础油进行优选。具体而言，本发明所述基础油为石蜡基基础油、环烷基基础油、聚α-烯烃合成油、聚亚烷基二醇、多元醇酯、双酯、复合酯中的一种或几种的混合物；优选为聚α-烯烃合成油和多元醇酯的混合物。
本发明优选所述钢丝绳油组合物由如下质量百分含量的组分组成：
本发明进一步优选所述钢丝绳油组合物由如下质量百分含量的组分组成：
本发明所述极压抗磨剂为硫化异丁烯、硫化脂肪、二烷基二硫代磷酸盐、烷基磷酸酯胺盐中的一种或几种的混合物；优选为硫化异丁烯或/和二烷基二硫代磷酸盐。
所述的摩擦改进剂为氮硼酸酯、硫磷氮钼配合物、氨基甲酸钼配合物、有机钼复合物中的一种或几种的混合物；优选为氨基甲酸钼配合物或/和有机钼复合物。
所述的防锈剂为十二烯基丁二酸、二壬基萘磺酸钙、二亚乙基三胺中的一种或几种的混合物；优选为十二烯基丁二酸或/和二壬基萘磺酸钙。
所述的成膜剂为叔丁酚甲醛树脂、氧化石蜡、环烷酸锌中的一种或几种的混合物；优选为氧化石蜡。
所述的黏指剂为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚异丁烯、乙烯丙烯共聚物中的一种或几种的混合物；优选为聚异丁烯。
本发明进一步优选所述组合物由如下质量百分含量的组分组成：
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述组合物由如下质量百分含量的组分组成，该组合物可以达到ISO VG 320黏度级别：
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述组合物由如下质量百分含量的组分组成，该组合物可以达到ISO VG460黏度级别：
本发明所述钢丝绳油组合物可以采用本领域常规方法制备。作为本发明的一种优选方式，将各成分按配比混合后，在50～80℃搅拌2～3小时，即得。
本发明钢丝绳油组合物具有以下显著优点：
(1)本发明钢丝绳油组合物的综合性能好，各项性能指标均达到使用要求，具有突出的黏附性能和极压抗磨性能、优异的抗盐雾和湿热性能、优良的低温性能。本发明可用于港口机械、船舶辅机、冶金矿山、工程机械等钢丝绳设备的润滑。
(2)本发明钢丝绳油组合物不含固体添加剂，油品储存稳定性好，同时可较好的保持钢丝绳表面干净整洁。
(3)本发明添加剂选择了黏附性能较好的聚异丁烯等黏指剂，可以给油品提供极好的黏附性能；同时选择了十二烯基丁二酸、二壬基萘磺酸钙等防锈剂和氧化石蜡等成膜剂，可以增强油品的抗盐雾和湿热性能，可用于盐雾和湿热条件下的海洋环境，拓展了油品应用范围。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合较佳实施例，对依据本发明提出的可生物降解工业齿轮油组合物其具体实施方式和产品性能如后，但不用来限制本发明范围。
实施例1～5
本发明所述的钢丝绳油组合物可以根据需要，调配黏度级别为ISO VG 68～1000钢丝绳油。
以下各实施例中，各原料均市售可得；其中，所用聚异丁烯为聚异丁烯PB2400；聚α-烯烃合成基础油为Mobil SpectraSyn 40，倾点为-40℃；多元醇酯合成基础油为CrodaPriolube 3970，倾点为-50℃，两种合成基础油的低温性能均较好。
根据工业液体润滑剂ISO黏度分级，确定了ISO VG 320和ISO VG 460黏度级别钢丝绳油组合物的实施例；其中，实施例1～3为ISO VG 320黏度级别，实施例4～5为ISOVG460黏度级别。组合物具体组分见表1。
表1：组合物组成(单位：质量百分比％)
组成 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5
硫化异丁烯 0.3 -/- 0.3 0.1 -/-
二烷基二硫代磷酸盐 -/- 0.4 -/- 0.2 0.3
氨基甲酸钼 0.15 -/- 0.15 -/- 0.1
有机钼复合物 -/- 0.2 -/- 0.15 0.1
十二烯基丁二酸 1.5 -/- 0.5 2.0 -/-
二壬基萘磺酸钙 -/- 2.5 1.5 -/- 2.0
氧化石蜡 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
聚异丁烯PB2400 9.4 10.7 9.95 11.05 13.8
Croda Priolube 3970 20 20 20 10 15
Mobil SpectraSyn 40 余量 余量 余量 余量 余量
本发明同时提供实施例6、7和比较例。
所述实施例6的组成为：
所述实施例7的组成为：
比较例与实施例1的主要区别在于未采用成膜剂和黏指剂，其抗盐雾、湿热性能和黏附性能均不如本发明。
实施例1～7与比较例的产品性能数据见表2。
表2产品性能
经分析，实施例1～5所得的钢丝绳油黏度指数在170左右，倾点在-40℃左右，抗盐雾时间达30h左右，抗湿热时间达6～7天，以上四项指标均略优于实施例6、7且显著优于比较例；且四球极压抗磨性能略优于实施例6、7且显著优于比较例。分析结果表明，本发明提供的钢丝绳油具有极好的黏温性能、低温性能、极压抗磨性能、抗盐雾和湿热性能。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种钢丝绳油组合物，其特征在于，由如下质量百分含量的组分组成：
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述基础油为石蜡基基础油、环烷基基础油、聚α-烯烃合成油、聚亚烷基二醇、多元醇酯、双酯、复合酯中的一种或几种的混合物；优选为聚α-烯烃合成油和多元醇酯。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述极压抗磨剂为硫化异丁烯、硫化脂肪、二烷基二硫代磷酸盐、烷基磷酸酯胺盐中的一种或几种的混合物；优选为硫化异丁烯或/和二烷基二硫代磷酸盐。
4.根据权利要求1～3任意一项所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述的摩擦改进剂为氮硼酸酯、硫磷氮钼配合物、氨基甲酸钼配合物、有机钼复合物中的一种或几种的混合物；优选为氨基甲酸钼配合物或/和有机钼复合物。
5.根据权利要求1～4任意一项所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述的防锈剂为十二烯基丁二酸、二壬基萘磺酸钙、二亚乙基三胺中的一种或几种的混合物；优选为十二烯基丁二酸或/和二壬基萘磺酸钙。
6.根据权利要求1～5任意一项所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述的成膜剂为叔丁酚甲醛树脂、氧化石蜡、环烷酸锌中的一种或几种的混合物；优选为氧化石蜡。
7.根据权利要求1～6任意一项所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述的黏指剂为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚异丁烯、乙烯丙烯共聚物中的一种或几种的混合物；优选为聚异丁烯。
8.一种钢丝绳油组合物，其特征在于，由如下质量百分含量的组分组成：
9.一种钢丝绳油组合物，其特征在于，由如下质量百分含量的组分组成：
10.一种钢丝绳油组合物，其特征在于，由如下质量百分含量的组分组成：
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