CN107986872A - A kind of slow-release bio bacterial manure, preparation method and its application in salt affected soil fertilising - Google Patents
A kind of slow-release bio bacterial manure, preparation method and its application in salt affected soil fertilising Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of slow-release bio bacterial manure, preparation method and its application in salt affected soil fertilising, belong to bio-bacterial manure technical field.The bio-bacterial manure make use of bean dregs as starting material, it is used as the raw material of slow-release fertilizer by the way that plant fiber and vegetable protein therein can be efficiently used after hydrolyzing, fermenting, and after it is polymerize with macromolecule controlled release component, form the slow-release fertilizer particle with tridimensional network；On the one hand the bio-bacterial manure realizes the recycling of Tofu processing waste material, on the other hand, realize the purposes effect for preparing high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer, when which is applied to varieties in saline-alkali areas soil, have the function that had good sustained release effect, soil improvement are good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of slow-release bio bacterial manure, preparation method and its application in salt affected soil fertilising, belong to raw
Thing bacterial manure technical field.
Background technology
During being formed in Plain, there is substantial amounts of salinity to remain in Plain soil parent material and underground water in river water
Water body in, soil parent material particle is fine and closely woven in addition, causes that ground water drainage is not smooth and buried depth is shallow, and under evaporation, underground is shallow
Layer water is transported to earth's surface through capillary and is evaporated, and capillary also takes ground to during earth's surface water delivery the salinity in water
Table, after water is evaporated, salinity has been left in earth's surface and ground thin solum, and the salinity so accumulated is more, and without enough
Fresh water dilute and drained, be formed the salinization of soil.
Salination is very wide in China's distribution, in addition to the Semi-humid area salinized soil of strand, is largely dispensed along Huaihe River-Qin
Ridge-and to the north of one line of Bayan Har-Danggula Mountains, i.e., the Arid＆semi-arid area to the north of 33 degree of north latitude.According to available data, entirely
Salinized soil, about 81.8 ten thousand km of the gross area is distributed with 18 provinces and regions of state2, the 8.5% of national area is accounted for, wherein modern salinized soil accounts for
45%（36.93 ten thousand km2）, it is remaining（Formed in history）About 44.87 ten thousand km of salinized soil2, in addition, also potential salinized soil
17.33 ten thousand km2（Salt content is higher to possess formation condition）.
At present, be applied to mainly can by specified microorganisms in environmental protection and soil remediation for microorganism remediation technology
Constantly utilization, degraded, conversion environment pollution, the effect of damage factor, make the soil of contaminated damage obtain repairing for safety and effectivity
It is multiple.Microorganism is the analyst in the nature ecosystem, it can make each pollutant into environment constantly degrade, finally
It is converted into CO2、H2The inorganic matters such as O, make the environment of pollution be purified.Microbiological treatment technology is not only applicable to massive pollution
Processing is outer, also using natural water body or soil as pollutant process place, so as to greatly save the expense of processing.Can be abundant
, it is envisioned that in 21 century, it is most valuable and most raw that microorganism remediation technology will become whole world ecological environmental protection field
Order the preferred engineering technology of power.Contain the required nutrient of a large amount of microorganisms such as C, H, O, N, P, S etc., microorganism in soil
The growth of cell needs substantial amounts of Na+、K+Maintain absorption and transport of the cell to nutriment.That is, pass through microorganism
Growth and breeding effect can decompose salt and alkali component in salt-soda soil, convert, absorb, and substantially reduce soluble-salt in soil
Content achievees the purpose that alkaline land improving so that the normal salt alkali content of soil restoration.
CN102344814A discloses a kind of preparation method for the soil conditioner for being used to improve soil salt alkalescence, this saline and alkaline
Soil conditioner is by by Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, Lactobacillus casei, streptomyces microflavus and seaweed slurry
Mixing, organically combines multiple beneficial microbial bacteria and seaweed, the novel microbial viable bacteria that compound criteria forms through repeatedly fermentation
Agent-seaweed bio-fungus, and add humic acid, organic matter, activated zeolite powder and the molasses of appropriate number, then it is fermented after will hair
Ferment product is dried, and passes through unique ion adsorbent, organic acids and base neutral equilibrium agent, ion conversion agent and beneficial bacterium conversion hair
The forceful action of ferment agent, reaches improvement soil environment, adjusts acid-base balance, reduces the purpose of salt content, while can effectively improve
Soil fertility and gas permeability, chesson, eliminates hardened, harmful substance of degrading, promotion organic matter accumulation conversion.
CN101560394A discloses a kind of saline alkali soil conditioner, by calcium powder, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid and the mixing of fermentation organic fertilizer
Into, this conditioner can make the soil weight diminish, cation exchange capacity (CEC) increase, organic matter increase, microbial diversity increase,
Revegetation.CN104962288A discloses a kind of alkaline land soil biological modification agent, and maize straw, cotton stalk are crushed；
Turf fertilizer, tankage and bean dregs, vinasse, acid-sludge are carried out by 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 volume ratio to be mixed to get organic fertilizer；By obtained jade
Crushed material, obtained organic waste materials and the composite fertilizer of rice stalk and cotton stalk are according to 65%~78%: 20%~30%: 2%
~10% part by weight is uniformly mixed；Obtained mixture is added into water and is sealed by fermentation decomposed, is carried out in digest process
Sterilizing processing；During thing volume-diminished 1/2 to be mixed, apply in salt-soda soil, do not improve soil fertility closely, improve soil
Structure, reduces evaporation from topsoil, suppresses the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, beneficial to the survival of microorganism, beneficial to the life of ground cover plant, improves salt
Alkali ground ecological environment.
But above-mentioned modifying agent there is regulating effect easily with rainfall, current etc. influence, it is impossible to muchly find
The effect in microbiological treatment salt-soda soil, it is therefore desirable to develop a kind of bio-bacterial manure with slow releasing function.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is：A new composite slow release bio-bacterial manure is proposed, which make use of bean dregs
As starting material, it is used as slow-release fertilizer by the way that plant fiber and vegetable protein therein can be efficiently used after hydrolyzing, fermenting
Raw material, and after it is polymerize with macromolecule controlled release component, form the slow-release fertilizer particle with tridimensional network；The sustained release
When fertilizer is applied to varieties in saline-alkali areas soil, have the function that had good sustained release effect, soil improvement are good.
Technical solution is：
The first aspect of the invention, there is provided：
A kind of slow-release bio bacterial manure, it be by by hydrolysis and fermentation process cross bean dregs, high molecular polymer, attapulgite,
EM bacterium solutions, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, humic acid, CaSO4It is prepared as raw material.
In one embodiment, the nitrogenous fertilizer is urea.
In one embodiment, the phosphate fertilizer is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
In one embodiment, the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.
The second aspect of the invention, there is provided：
A kind of preparation method of slow-release bio bacterial manure, includes the following steps：
1st step, the hydrolysis of bean dregs：By weight, 10~12 parts of bean dregs are taken, after washing with water, bean dregs are added to 500~
In 600 parts of water, cellulase is added, and with dilute acid for adjusting pH to 4~6, carry out cellulose hydrolysis, then at enzyme deactivation
Reason；
2nd step, after the hydrolysate of the 1st step is concentrated under reduced pressure, adds bacterium solution and carries out fermentation process, then after vacuum drying, obtain
To fermenting bean dregs thing；
3rd step, the preparation of water phase：By weight, by 20~35 parts of fermenting bean dregs thing, 400~500 parts of water, anionic surface
1~4 part of activating agent, 4~8 parts of emulsifying agent, 10~12 parts of methyl methacrylate, 15~20 parts of methacrylic acid, chitosan 3~
5 parts, 2~4 parts of n-isopropyl acrylamide, 0.2~0.5 part of acetic acid be uniformly mixed, 1~3 part of initiator, obtain water phase；
4th step, the preparation of oil phase：By weight, by toluene and chlorobenzene according to weight ratio 1：1~1.2 mixing, adds mixing
The surfactant of thing weight 0.1~0.2%, after mixing, obtains oil phase；
5th step, inverse suspension polymerization：By water phase and oil phase according to volume ratio 1：After 3~6 mixing, nitrogen is passed through in the reactor,
Add N, N, N ', N '-tetramethylethylenediamine, back flow reaction under a nitrogen atmosphere；After reaction, solids is filtered out, is used in combination
Ethanol cleans, and obtains particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material；
6th step, by weight, by 40~50 parts of particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material, 20~25 parts of attapulgite, 4~8 parts of EM bacterium solutions
Be uniformly mixed, then with 2~4 parts of urea, 4~6 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 5~8 parts of potassium sulfate, 10~12 parts of humic acid, CaSO4 5~
8 parts are uniformly mixed, and after granulation, to obtain the final product.
In one embodiment, the diluted acid in the 1st step refers to the dilute hydrochloric acid of 1~5wt%, and the addition of cellulase is
The 0.05~0.5% of bean dregs weight, the cellulase are green wooden enzymes, and hydrolysis time is 12~24h, reaction temperature
It is 40~45 DEG C；Destroy the enzyme treatment refers to more than 95 DEG C high temperature enzyme deactivations.
In one embodiment, the concentration in the 2nd step refers to volume concentration to original 20~30%, and fermentation temperature is
30~35 DEG C, fermentation time is 40~80h；Bacterium solution refers to the bacterium solution of saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis.
In one embodiment, the anion surfactant described in the 3rd step is selected from alkylbenzenesulfonate；Emulsifying agent
Selected from least one of sucrose ester, soybean lecithin and mono fatty acid glyceride；Initiator is potassium peroxydisulfate.
In one embodiment, the surfactant in the 4th step is SPAN-40.
In one embodiment, back flow reaction is 2~4h of reaction at 75~85 DEG C in the 5th step.
The third aspect of the invention, there is provided：
Application of the above-mentioned slow-release bio bacterial manure in salt affected soil fertilising.
In one embodiment, what is planted in the salt affected soil is corn.
Beneficial effect
1）Present invention utilizes bean dregs as raw material, by the more plant fiber and vegetable protein contained in bean dregs, first
By hydrolyzing and fermenting, more carbohydrate and fiber containing hydroxyl are produced after cellulose is hydrolyzed, while pass through fermentation
Mode by protein breakdown for small molecular protein, peptides etc., these contain the fiber of great amount of hydroxy group and containing compared with polyaminos
Small molecular protein and peptide, it is easy to form interpenetrating networks with polyacrylic acid backbone in reversed-phase polymerization reaction, there is larger sky
Between net structure fiber-polymer composite slow release base-material, it is with great inner space area, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide fertilizer it is slow
Release and provide more sufficient space for the growth of microorganism, and be sustained base-material cochain and be connected to macro-molecular protein, further may be used
Think that microbial activities supplies nutrients, gradually discharge the fertilizer such as the amino acid of bacterium solution metabolism, improve the slow release of nitrogenous fertilizer, make fertilizer
The fertilizer of material is more longlasting；
2）It make use of performance microbial activity effect of the EM bacterium solutions in base-material is sustained in the present invention, root can be promoted by constantly producing
It is the nutriment of growth, and EM bacterium solutions can produce more metabolism amino acid, slow-release fertilizer base-material nearby can be formed acidity
Environment, acid adjust soil pH, neutralize alkaline, the nutrient in activating soil and fertilizer, change the soil structure in salt-soda soil, destroy
The condition that salinity rises along capillary porosity moisture；Promote CaSO4Ca2+With exchange state Na in soil+Generation replacement reaction, shape
Into sodium sulphate discharged with water wash, strengthen soil salt discharge, while can promote soil flocculation, water penetration it is more preferable.
3）Contain amino, hydroxyl and non-deacylation in the chitosan molecule long-chain added in slow-release fertilizer base-material in the present invention
Acetylamino, nitrogen, oxygen after can fermenting with soybean protein in middle macromolecular and peptide etc. forms complex by hydrogen bond, shuttle in
Semi-intercrossing network is formed in net structure, further increases the specific surface area of slow-release fertilizer gene, promotes the activity of microorganism.
4）When slow-release fertilizer provided by the invention is applied to salt-soda soil, helps to alleviate the hardening soil in salt-soda soil, neutralize
Acid-base property, promote soil aggregation, improve organic carbon content in soil, promote plant growth.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that total nitrogen of soil changes over time figure in different experiments group；
Fig. 2 is the measurement result figure of soil respiration rates in different experiments group；
Fig. 3 is the measurement result figure of organic carbon content in soil in different experiments group；
Fig. 4 is the measurement result figure of sodium salt content in soil in different experiments group.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below by embodiment.But those skilled in the art will manage
Solution, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.Specific skill is not specified in embodiment
Art or condition person, carry out according to the described technology of document in the art or condition or according to product description.Examination used
Production firm person is not specified in agent or instrument, and being can be with conventional products that are commercially available.
Approximate language used herein can be used for modifying any quantity statement in entire disclosure and claims, it can
Permit being changed under conditions of not causing its relevant basic function to change.Therefore, repaiied by term such as " about "
The value of decorations is not limited to specified exact value.In at least some cases, approximate language can be with the instrument for measuring the value
Precision it is corresponding.Unless being indicated otherwise in context or sentence, otherwise range limit can be combined and/or exchange, and
And this scope is confirmed as and including all subranges contained herein.Except in the operation embodiment or elsewhere
In indicate outside, the numeral of the amounts of all expression compositions used in specification and claims, reaction condition etc. or
Expression shall be construed as the modification for being subject to word " about " in all cases.
Scope is used as using what the value of range format expression should be interpreted as not only including clearly including in a flexible way
The numerical value of limit value, but also including covering all single numbers or subinterval within the range, just as each numerical value and sub-district
Between be expressly recited out.For example, " about 0.1% to about 5% " concentration range should be understood to not only include what is clearly included
The concentration of about 0.1% to about 5%, further includes the single concentration in the range of alluding to（Such as, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%）And subinterval（Example
Such as, 0.1% to 0.5%, 1% to 2.2%, 3.3% to 4.4%）.
Word " comprising " used herein, "comprising", " having " or its any other variant are intended to cover non-exclusionism
Including.Technique, method, article or the equipment for e.g., including listing key element are not necessarily limited by those key elements, but can include it
He is not explicitly listed or belongs to this technique, method, article or the intrinsic key element of equipment.
Heretofore described percentage is in the case of no special instruction all referring to mass percent.
In the present invention, bean dregs are the byproducts produced during bean curd, are the solid-like residues obtained after press filtration, tool
There are a variety of nutriments such as protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron.The producing and selling amount of China's bean curd is all larger, corresponding bean dregs production
Amount is also very big.Contain more plant fiber and vegetable protein in bean dregs, organic fertilizer can be utilized as.
Trichoderma viride used in the present invention（Trichoderma viride,Numbering GIM3.141）, saccharomyces cerevisiae
（Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Numbering GIM2.139）, bacillus subtilis（Bacillus subtilis, Compile
Number GIM1.135）Purchase is bought from Guangdong Province's Culture Collection.EM stostes are peaceful happy environment friendly biological technology of regarding for oneself
（Nanjing）Co., Ltd purchases, it contains more than the 80 kinds of effective active microorganism such as photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, viable count
>=1 hundred million/milliliter, pH >=3.8, color are yellowish-brown, and translucent liquid, smell is denseer alcohol tart flavour or tart flavour.
The present invention provides a kind of slow-release bio bacterial manure, it is bean dregs, the macromolecule by being crossed by hydrolysis and fermentation process
Polymer, attapulgite, EM bacterium solutions, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, humic acid, CaSO4It is prepared as raw material.
In above-mentioned raw material, the more plant fiber and vegetable protein that contains in bean dregs, first by hydrolyzing and sending out
Ferment, produces more carbohydrate and fiber containing hydroxyl after cellulose is hydrolyzed, while by albumen by way of fermentation
Be decomposed into small molecular protein, peptides etc., these contain the fiber of great amount of hydroxy group and small molecular protein containing compared with polyamino and
Peptide, makes to form covalent bond between albumen, peptide quasi-molecule and monomer, the crosslinking grid structure of three-dimensional is obtained, with polyacrylic acid backbone
Interpenetrating networks are formed, the fiber-polymer composite slow release base-material with larger space net structure, it has greatly internal
Spatial area, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide the sustained release of fertilizer and the growth for microorganism provide more sufficient space, and are sustained base-material cochain
Macro-molecular protein is connected to, can further be supplied nutrients for microbial activities, gradually discharges the fertilizer such as the amino acid of bacterium solution metabolism
Material, improves the slow release of nitrogenous fertilizer, makes the fertilizer of fertilizer more longlasting.Performance microbial activity of the EM bacterium solutions in base-material is sustained is made
With constantly generation can promote the nutriment of root growth, and EM bacterium solutions can produce more metabolism amino acid, make slow-release fertilizer
Base-material can nearby form sour environment, and acid adjusts soil pH, and neutralization is alkaline, and the nutrient in activating soil and fertilizer, changes salt
The soil structure on alkali ground, destroys the condition that salinity rises along capillary porosity moisture；Promote CaSO4Ca2+Exchanged with soil
State Na+Generation replacement reaction, the sodium sulphate of formation are discharged with water wash, strengthen soil salt discharge, while soil can be promoted to flocculate, thoroughly
It is water-based more preferable.When slow-release fertilizer is applied to salt-soda soil, helps to alleviate the hardening soil in salt-soda soil, neutralize acid-base property, promote soil
Earth reunites, improves organic carbon content in soil, promotes plant growth.
In one embodiment, the nitrogenous fertilizer can be urea；The phosphate fertilizer can be ammonium dihydrogen phosphate；It is described
Potash fertilizer can be potassium sulfate.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned slow release fertilizer, step is mainly：
1st step, the hydrolysis of bean dregs：By weight, 10~12 parts of bean dregs are taken, after washing with water, bean dregs are added to 500~
In 600 parts of water, cellulase is added, and with dilute acid for adjusting pH to 4~6, carry out cellulose hydrolysis, then at enzyme deactivation
Reason；It in this step, mainly make use of cellulase to digest bean plant fiber, can effectively decomposing soybean plant
Fibres, make it produce more carbohydrate, and more hydroxyls are produced on fiber, utilize follow-up cross-linking reaction；At one
In embodiment, diluted acid refers to the dilute hydrochloric acid of 1~5wt%, and the addition of cellulase is the 0.05~0.5% of bean dregs weight, institute
The cellulase stated is green wooden enzyme, and hydrolysis time is 12~24h, and reaction temperature is 40~45 DEG C；Destroy the enzyme treatment refers to
More than 95 DEG C high temperature enzyme deactivations.
2nd step, after the hydrolysate of the 1st step is concentrated under reduced pressure, adds bacterium solution and carries out fermentation process, then by vacuum drying
Afterwards, fermenting bean dregs thing is obtained；In this step, it is that fermentation process is carried out to the bean dregs after being digested, utilizes the work of microorganism
With can decompose high molecular weight protein, obtain small molecular protein and amino acid, can effectively build albumen-cellulose-poly-
Acrylic acid three-dimensional interpenetrating polymer network, and fermentation substrate can be provided for microorganism, produce the nitrogen source that plant growth needs；In a reality
To apply in mode, concentration refers to volume concentration to original 20~30%, and fermentation temperature is 30~35 DEG C, fermentation time is 40~
80h；Bacterium solution refers to the bacterium solution of saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis.
3rd step, the preparation of water phase：By weight, by 20~35 parts of fermenting bean dregs thing, 400~500 parts of water, anion
1~4 part of surfactant, 4~8 parts of emulsifying agent, 10~12 parts of methyl methacrylate, 15~20 parts of methacrylic acid, shell gather
3~5 parts of sugar, 2~4 parts of n-isopropyl acrylamide, 0.2~0.5 part of acetic acid are uniformly mixed, 1~3 part of initiator, obtain water phase；
In one embodiment, the anion surfactant is selected from alkylbenzenesulfonate；Emulsifying agent is selected from sucrose ester, soybean
At least one of phosphatide and mono fatty acid glyceride；Initiator is potassium peroxydisulfate.The methyl methacrylate of addition, add
Methacrylic acid and n-isopropyl acrylamide, are the monomers of the backbone molecule as copolymerization network, the chitosan molecule of addition
Acetylamino containing amino, hydroxyl and non-deacylation in long-chain, nitrogen after can fermenting with soybean protein in middle macromolecular and peptide,
Oxygen etc. forms complex by hydrogen bond, shuttles and semi-intercrossing network is formed in net structure, further increase slow-release fertilizer gene
Specific surface area, promote the activity of microorganism.
4th step, the preparation of oil phase：By weight, by toluene and chlorobenzene according to weight ratio 1：1~1.2 mixing, adds
The surfactant of mixture weight 0.1~0.2%, after mixing, obtains oil phase；In one embodiment, live on surface
Property agent is SPAN-40.
5th step, inverse suspension polymerization：By water phase and oil phase according to volume ratio 1：After 3~6 mixing, it is passed through in the reactor
Nitrogen, adds N, N, N ', N '-tetramethylethylenediamine, back flow reaction under a nitrogen atmosphere；After reaction, solids is filtered out,
And cleaned with ethanol, obtain particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material；By the 3rd step and the 4th step, what is obtained is needed for inverse suspension polymerization
Water phase and oil phase, by the way that under the action of initiator, fiber, albumen, monomer, chitosan in water phase can construct three-dimensional interpenetrating
Network, then by washing after purification, obtain sustained release base-material.In one embodiment, back flow reaction is anti-at 75~85 DEG C
Answer 2~4h.
6th step, by weight, by 40~50 parts of particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material, 20~25 parts of attapulgite, EM bacterium solutions 4
~8 parts be uniformly mixed, then with 2~4 parts of urea, 4~6 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 5~8 parts of potassium sulfate, 10~12 parts of humic acid,
CaSO4 5~8 parts are uniformly mixed, and after granulation, to obtain the final product.It is by particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material and attapulgite first in this step
As the carrier of fertilizer, after being mixed with EM bacterium solutions, the microorganism in EM bacterium solutions is first set preferably to enter to the interior of carrier
In portion duct, next, obtaining composite organic fertilizer by being mixed with fertilizer others component again.
The preparation of 1 slow-release bio bacterial manure of embodiment
1st step, the hydrolysis of bean dregs：By weight, 10 parts of bean dregs are taken, after washing with water, bean dregs are added to 500 parts of water
In, add green wooden enzyme, green wood enzyme addition is the 0.05% of bean dregs weight, and with the dilute hydrochloric acid adjusting pH to 4 of 1wt%~
6, cellulose hydrolysis is carried out, hydrolysis time is 12h, and reaction temperature is more than 40 DEG C, then 95 DEG C high temperature enzyme deactivations；
2nd step, the hydrolysate of the 1st step are concentrated under reduced pressure volume to original 20%, add saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis
Bacterium solution carries out fermentation process, and fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C, and fermentation time is 40h, then after vacuum drying, obtains fermenting bean dregs
Thing；
3rd step, the preparation of water phase：By weight, by 20 parts of fermenting bean dregs thing, 400 parts of water, 1 part of octadecyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium,
4 parts of mono fatty acid glyceride, 10 parts of methyl methacrylate, 15 parts of methacrylic acid, 3 parts of chitosan, N- isopropyl acrylamides
2 parts of amine, 0.2 part of acetic acid are uniformly mixed, 1 part of potassium peroxydisulfate, obtain water phase；
4th step, the preparation of oil phase：By weight, by toluene and chlorobenzene according to weight ratio 1：1 mixing, adds mixture weight
The SPAN-40 of amount 0.1%, after mixing, obtains oil phase；
5th step, inverse suspension polymerization：By water phase and oil phase according to volume ratio 1：After 3 mixing, nitrogen is passed through in the reactor, then
Add N, N, N ', N '-tetramethylethylenediamine, reacts 2h at 75 DEG C under a nitrogen atmosphere；After reaction, solids is filtered out, and
Cleaned with ethanol, obtain particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material；
6th step, by weight, 40 parts of particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material, 20 parts of attapulgite, 4 parts of EM bacterium solutions are uniformly mixed, then
With 2 parts of urea, 4 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 parts of humic acid, CaSO4 5 parts are uniformly mixed, and after granulation, to obtain the final product.
Embodiment 2
1st step, the hydrolysis of bean dregs：By weight, 12 parts of bean dregs are taken, after washing with water, bean dregs are added to 600 parts of water
In, add green wooden enzyme, green wood enzyme addition is the 0.5% of bean dregs weight, and with the dilute hydrochloric acid adjusting pH to 4 of 5wt%~
6, cellulose hydrolysis is carried out, hydrolysis time is 24h, and reaction temperature is more than 45 DEG C, then 95 DEG C high temperature enzyme deactivations；
2nd step, the hydrolysate of the 1st step are concentrated under reduced pressure volume to original 30%, add saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis
Bacterium solution carries out fermentation process, and fermentation temperature is 35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 80h, then after vacuum drying, obtains fermenting bean dregs
Thing；
3rd step, the preparation of water phase：By weight, by 35 parts of fermenting bean dregs thing, 500 parts of water, 4 parts of octadecyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium,
8 parts of mono fatty acid glyceride, 12 parts of methyl methacrylate, 20 parts of methacrylic acid, 5 parts of chitosan, N- isopropyl acrylamides
4 parts of amine, 0.5 part of acetic acid are uniformly mixed, 3 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate, obtain water phase；
4th step, the preparation of oil phase：By weight, by toluene and chlorobenzene according to weight ratio 1：1.2 mixing, add mixture
The SPAN-40 of weight 0.2%, after mixing, obtains oil phase；
5th step, inverse suspension polymerization：By water phase and oil phase according to volume ratio 1：After 6 mixing, nitrogen is passed through in the reactor, then
Add N, N, N ', N '-tetramethylethylenediamine, reacts 4h at 85 DEG C under a nitrogen atmosphere；After reaction, solids is filtered out, and
Cleaned with ethanol, obtain particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material；
6th step, by weight, 50 parts of particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material, 25 parts of attapulgite, 8 parts of EM bacterium solutions are uniformly mixed, then
With 4 parts of urea, 6 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 parts of potassium sulfate, 12 parts of humic acid, CaSO4 8 parts are uniformly mixed, and after granulation, to obtain the final product.
Embodiment 3
1st step, the hydrolysis of bean dregs：By weight, 11 parts of bean dregs are taken, after washing with water, bean dregs are added to 550 parts of water
In, add green wooden enzyme, green wood enzyme addition is the 0.2% of bean dregs weight, and with the dilute hydrochloric acid adjusting pH to 4 of 2wt%~
6, cellulose hydrolysis is carried out, hydrolysis time is 18h, and reaction temperature is more than 42 DEG C, then 95 DEG C high temperature enzyme deactivations；
2nd step, the hydrolysate of the 1st step are concentrated under reduced pressure volume to original 25%, add saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis
Bacterium solution carries out fermentation process, and fermentation temperature is 32 DEG C, and fermentation time is 60h, then after vacuum drying, obtains fermenting bean dregs
Thing；
3rd step, the preparation of water phase：By weight, by 25 parts of fermenting bean dregs thing, 450 parts of water, 3 parts of octadecyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium,
6 parts of mono fatty acid glyceride, 11 parts of methyl methacrylate, 18 parts of methacrylic acid, 4 parts of chitosan, N- isopropyl acrylamides
3 parts of amine, 0.3 part of acetic acid are uniformly mixed, 2 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate, obtain water phase；
4th step, the preparation of oil phase：By weight, by toluene and chlorobenzene according to weight ratio 1：1.1 mixing, add mixture
The SPAN-40 of weight 0.15%, after mixing, obtains oil phase；
5th step, inverse suspension polymerization：By water phase and oil phase according to volume ratio 1：After 5 mixing, nitrogen is passed through in the reactor, then
Add N, N, N ', N '-tetramethylethylenediamine, reacts 3h at 80 DEG C under a nitrogen atmosphere；After reaction, solids is filtered out, and
Cleaned with ethanol, obtain particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material；
6th step, by weight, 45 parts of particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material, 22 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of EM bacterium solutions are uniformly mixed, then
With 3 parts of urea, 5 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of potassium sulfate, 11 parts of humic acid, CaSO4 6 parts are uniformly mixed, and after granulation, to obtain the final product.
Reference examples 1
Difference with embodiment 3 is：Fermenting bean dregs thing is simultaneously reacted without with particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material, but is directly pressed
Former weight ratio directly mixes in the 6th step with other raw materials.
1st step, the hydrolysis of bean dregs：By weight, 11 parts of bean dregs are taken, after washing with water, bean dregs are added to 550 parts
Water in, add green wooden enzyme, green wood enzyme addition is the 0.2% of bean dregs weight, and with the dilute hydrochloric acid adjusting pH of 2wt% to
4~6, cellulose hydrolysis is carried out, hydrolysis time is 18h, and reaction temperature is more than 42 DEG C, then 95 DEG C high temperature enzyme deactivations；
2nd step, the hydrolysate of the 1st step are concentrated under reduced pressure volume to original 25%, add saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis
Bacterium solution carries out fermentation process, and fermentation temperature is 32 DEG C, and fermentation time is 60h, then after vacuum drying, obtains fermenting bean dregs
Thing；
3rd step, the preparation of water phase：By weight, by 450 parts of water, 3 parts of octadecyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium, mono fatty acid glyceride 6
Part, 11 parts of methyl methacrylate, 18 parts of methacrylic acid, 4 parts of chitosan, 3 parts of n-isopropyl acrylamide, 0.3 part of acetic acid
It is uniformly mixed, 2 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate, obtains water phase；
4th step, the preparation of oil phase：By weight, by toluene and chlorobenzene according to weight ratio 1：1.1 mixing, add mixture
The SPAN-40 of weight 0.15%, after mixing, obtains oil phase；
5th step, inverse suspension polymerization：By water phase and oil phase according to volume ratio 1：After 5 mixing, nitrogen is passed through in the reactor, then
Add N, N, N ', N '-tetramethylethylenediamine, reacts 3h at 80 DEG C under a nitrogen atmosphere；After reaction, solids is filtered out, and
Cleaned with ethanol, obtain particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material；
6th step, by weight, by 16.8 parts of fermenting bean dregs thing, 28.2 parts of particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material, 22 parts of attapulgite,
5 parts of EM bacterium solutions are uniformly mixed, then with 3 parts of urea, 5 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of potassium sulfate, 11 parts of humic acid, CaSO4 6 parts of mixing
Uniformly, and after granulation, to obtain the final product.
Reference examples 2
Difference with embodiment 3 is：Chitosan is not added in water phase in inverse suspension polymerization reaction.
1st step, the hydrolysis of bean dregs：By weight, 11 parts of bean dregs are taken, after washing with water, bean dregs are added to 550 parts
Water in, add green wooden enzyme, green wood enzyme addition is the 0.2% of bean dregs weight, and with the dilute hydrochloric acid adjusting pH of 2wt% to
4~6, cellulose hydrolysis is carried out, hydrolysis time is 18h, and reaction temperature is more than 42 DEG C, then 95 DEG C high temperature enzyme deactivations；
2nd step, the hydrolysate of the 1st step are concentrated under reduced pressure volume to original 25%, add saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis
Bacterium solution carries out fermentation process, and fermentation temperature is 32 DEG C, and fermentation time is 60h, then after vacuum drying, obtains fermenting bean dregs
Thing；
3rd step, the preparation of water phase：By weight, by 25 parts of fermenting bean dregs thing, 450 parts of water, 3 parts of octadecyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium,
6 parts of mono fatty acid glyceride, 11 parts of methyl methacrylate, 18 parts of methacrylic acid, 3 parts of n-isopropyl acrylamide, acetic acid
0.3 part of uniformly mixed, 2 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate, obtains water phase；
4th step, the preparation of oil phase：By weight, by toluene and chlorobenzene according to weight ratio 1：1.1 mixing, add mixture
The SPAN-40 of weight 0.15%, after mixing, obtains oil phase；
5th step, inverse suspension polymerization：By water phase and oil phase according to volume ratio 1：After 5 mixing, nitrogen is passed through in the reactor, then
Add N, N, N ', N '-tetramethylethylenediamine, reacts 3h at 80 DEG C under a nitrogen atmosphere；After reaction, solids is filtered out, and
Cleaned with ethanol, obtain particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material；
6th step, by weight, 45 parts of particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material, 22 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of EM bacterium solutions are uniformly mixed, then
With 3 parts of urea, 5 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of potassium sulfate, 11 parts of humic acid, CaSO4 6 parts are uniformly mixed, and after granulation, to obtain the final product.
Reference examples 3
Difference with embodiment 3 is bean dregs without hydrolysis process.
Reference examples 4
Difference with embodiment 3 is bean dregs without fermentation process.
In testing below, the soil used is Jiangsu Province's coastal tidal moderate saline-alkali soil.Experiment plot 0~20cm topsoil soils contain
Salt amount is 5.5~6.4g/kg, belongs to moderate saline-alkali soil, pH 9.54, content of organic matter 8.45g/kg, total nitrogen 0.43g/kg, alkali
Solution nitrogen is 34.59mg/kg, available phosphorus 9.21mg/kg, available potassium 191.87mg/kg.Basic soil sample assay method：Organic matter：
Potassium bichromate titrimetric method；Full nitrogen：Semimicro Kelvin method；Full phosphorus：Sodium hydroxide melts a molybdenum antimony scandium colorimetric method；Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen：Alkaline hydrolysis
Diffusion method；Available phosphorus：Sodium acid carbonate extraction；Available potassium：Ammonium acetate extracts flame spectrometry.
8 processing are set altogether, and each processing is repeated 3 times, and shares 24 cells, cell floor space is 100 m2.Except pair
According to outer, principles that other each processing are applied fertilizer according to equivalent are designed, and are 120kg/ mu, and fertilizer placement is a kind planting ditch both sides,
Apply fertilizer to dig out the ditch of deep 10cm wide 15cm, be earthing after fertilising.Using random alignment, various field management are same during experiment works as
Ground is routinely identical.It is corn for studying thing, kind is great Feng 30,127 d of breeding time.Apply fertilizer on April 22nd, 2015, April 23
Day seeding corn, June 21 the same year, August 2 days, 21 corn jointing stages, heading stages, maturity periods of September respectively adopt soil sample, gas sample one
It is secondary.Soil sample is the non-rhizosphere soils of corn, and sampling depth is 0~20 cm.
The measure that total nitrogen content changes in soil
Respectively at 2~58d after fertilising, the measure for the soil progress total nitrogen content that sampling depth is 0~20 cm is taken every 4d.
（One）The pretreatment of pedotheque
1. weighing three parts of 0.5 gram of pedotheques respectively in 25ml colorimetric cylinders, 10ml potassium persulfate solutions are separately added into, are shaken up.
2. being put into baking oven, a hour is cleared up under 125 degrees Celsius.
3. treating that sample cools down, 500ml beakers are transferred to respectively, 500ml is diluted to no ammonium hydroxide.
4. passing through natural filtration, filtrate is obtained, adjusts pH to 7, measures two parts of 2.50ml filtrates respectively in 25ml colorimetric cylinders, it is dilute
Release to graduation mark, as sample to be tested.
（Two）The preparation of standard serial solution
1. the preparation of standard solution：5.00ml potassium nitrate Standard Reserving Solution is measured in 50ml colorimetric cylinders, and is diluted to graduation mark, is obtained
Standard solution.
2. the preparation of standard serial solution：0.00,0.50,1.00,2.00,3.00,5.00ml standard solution is pipetted respectively
Into 25ml colorimetric cylinders, 10ml is diluted to first, is then respectively adding 5ml alkaline chitinase solution.
3. being put into baking oven, a hour is cleared up under 125 degrees Celsius.
4. treating that solution cools down, 1ml hydrochloric acid solutions are separately added into, are shaken up to be measured.
（Three）Measure the absorbance of solution and make standard curve
1. using 10ml quartz colorimetric utensils, on ultraviolet specrophotometer, reference is made with water, each solution is measured respectively and exists
Absorbance under 220nm and 275nm wavelength, before the absorbance of determination sample solution, solution is shaken up.
2. correction absorbance=-2。
The results are shown in Figure 1, it can be seen from the figure that in reference examples 1 and 2, the total nitrogen content release in the soil at initial stage
Speed, content fluctuation range are gradually reduced from 34d, and use the total nitrogen rate of release in embodiment more uniform.
Illustrate the effect that there is slow release fertilizer prepared by the present invention rate of release to stablize.
The measure of soil respiration rates
Method：By 5 cm of the soil body of base insertion corn in the ranks, static chamber is buckled on base and uses water-stop.In every morning 9：
00~11：00, since 0 min every 10 min gas production once, totally 4 times.CO2Gaseous sample is surveyed with Agilent 7890B GC
It is fixed.CO2Emission flux (F) calculation formula is：
；
In formula：FFor CO2Emission flux/mg m-2∙h-1；ρFor standard state CO2Density/kg m-3；VWithARespectively static chamber
Volume and floor space, unit is respectively m3And m2；C/ t are static chamber CO in time t2The change rate of gas concentration；T
For static the temperature inside the box/DEG C.
※Relative to blank group P<0.05, * relative to 3 groups of P of embodiment<0.05
Soil respiration rates main cause is that soil respiration is mainly produced by microbiological oxidation organic matter and root system respiration, from upper
As can be seen that the biological slow-release fertilizer that the present invention uses, effectively can be acted on microorganism in table, can continue to maintain to plant
Thing root system activity, keeps soil to have higher respiratory rate；Due to not using fermenting bean dregs thing direct construction in reference examples 1
Embodiment 3 is significantly lower than in the functioning efficiency that on interpenetrating networks, result in microorganism.Comparison diagram is as shown in Figure 2.
The measure of microbial biomass C
30 g of fresh soil sample or so is taken, in being placed with vacuum desiccators of 50 mL without alcohol chloroform small beaker, sterilize 5 d, adds 0.
The K of 5 mol/L2SO4In the soil sample after sterilizing, 30 min, filtering are vibrated.If unsterilised control group.Microbial biomass C
Measure：15 mL of filtrate is drawn, addition potassium bichromate solution, which disappears, boils measure, conversion coefficient 0.4.The survey of Soil microbial biomass nitrogen
It is fixed：Draw filtrate 15 mL, enriching H2SO4, 3 mL or so are first concentrated into after acidifying, it is rear by complete in Kjeldahl nitrogen determination filtrate
Nitrogen, with Devarda alloy reduction nitrate nitrogen, conversion coefficient 0.54.
※Relative to blank group P<0.05, * relative to 3 groups of P of embodiment<0.05
Soil microbial biomass is the Yuan Heku of plant nutrient substance, be the soil organism and soil nutrient (N, P, K etc.) conversion and
The power of circulation, participates in the decomposition of the soil organism and the formation of humus, is soil carbon and nitrogen nutrient conversion and circulation
Important parameter in research.As can be seen from the above table, the microbial biomass C content of each fertilizer treatment is above compareing, and
Significant difference.The biological slow-release fertilizer used in the present invention can effectively promote growth of the microorganism in fertilizer, improve soil
There is machine side carbon nitrogen content in earth, embodiment 3 can be seen that since bean dregs have passed through hydrolysis, at fermentation relative to 3 groups of reference examples
Reason, can effectively make its structure into the three-dimensional interpenetrating polymer network of slow release fertilizer, it is easier to microorganism is made on its surface
With improving carbon content.Comparison diagram is as shown in Figure 3.
The measure of soil agreegate
According to Elliott soil agreegate wet screening assay methods（Elliott et.al,. Aggregate structures
and carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in native aand cultivatedsoils[J]. Soil
Science Society of America Journal, 1986, 50:627-633）, it is slightly modified on this basis, about
100g air-dries pedotheque, is measured with mechanism wet screening（Machine models：ZY200-1, the life of Shanghai De Ma Information Technology Co., Ltds
Production）The composition of soil agreegate.Specific method is：By sample be positioned over maximum diameter of hole sieve on, aperture from top to bottom for 5mm,
2mm, 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.25mm, are first soaked in water after 10min, when whole bushing screen is in bottom, the top of top sieve
Edge keeps below the water surface, the vertical sieve 10min that shakes up and down；It is transferred to respectively among aluminium box from screen layers at different levels by grogs, removes moisture removal
Drying is weighed, and the mass percent of aggregates at different levels is finally calculated.The stability of aggregate is with diameter of average weight come table
State：
Wherein diRepresent the average particulate diameter of the grade soil agreegate, be numerically equal to the average value of two-stage sieve aperture, wi
Represent the weight of i grades of soil agreegate components（g）, W is the gross weight of different-grain diameter soil agreegate.
※Relative to blank group P<0.05, * relative to 3 groups of P of embodiment<0.05
As can be seen from the table, for bulky grain in soil（>5mm and 5~2mm classifications）, its for improve soil water permeability, thoroughly
Gas has larger help, and the organic slow-release fertilizer that the application provides has as a result of hydrophilic attapulgite and poly- third
Olefin(e) acid ester copolymer, its surface have stronger hydrophily, increase the aggregate in soil easily by the mode of absorption, carry
The ratio of high bulky grain；By embodiment 3 and reference examples 2 as can be seen that due to adding chitosan in Slow-release organic fertilizer, by
It is biodegradable natural material in it, has good biocompatibility, surface group rich, there is metal ion, acid etc.
Preferable adsorptivity, after it is loaded into by polyacrylic resin network, effectively promotes the adsorptivity with slow release fertilizer, carries
High soil agreegate classification.Illustrate that organic fungi-manure provided by the invention can significantly increase particle diameter water stability performance and contain
Amount, improves soil aggregate structure, adds the stability and corrosion resistance of soil texture.
The measure of soil conductivity
Contain salt ion in soil, and salt content is proportionate with electrical conductivity, this experiment utilizes conductivity gauge measure soil extract
In electrical conductivity.The conductivity meter and conductance thermometer produced using Shanghai Precision Scientific Apparatus Co., Ltd.Accurately weighed
The 5g wind desiceted soils of lmm are sieved, are placed in the triangular flask of 100ml dryings, adding ultra-pure water 25m1, (Tu Shui is than 1：5) 10min, is vibrated,
With middling speed filter paper by supernatant liquid filtering in triangular flask, then with conductivity meter reading.
※Relative to blank group P<0.05, * relative to 3 groups of P of embodiment<0.05
Soil conductivity is one of factor important in soil, and salt content is higher in soil, and the osmotic pressure of leachate is bigger, conductance
Rate is bigger.Conductivity value was not only influenced by extraneous factor, but also was influenced by soil internal condition.With the organic matter in soil,
Complicated mineral composition in microbial activity and soil has very big contact.Conductivity value is excessive in soil, then salt content
Greatly, the absorption of the nutrient in soil will be suppressed.As can be seen from the table, after being handled using organic fungi-manure, relative to
The microbial activity enhancing that microbial-bacterial fertilizer can be effectively facilitated in soil is applied for blank group, in soil, microorganism is more
Sample declines conductivity value.Wherein, embodiment 3 can be seen that since chitosan is in slow release fertilizer base material relative to reference examples 2
On grafting effectively by hydrophilic, the adsorptivity of chitosan inorganic salts can be made to be adsorbed in its surface, it is easier to by microorganism
It is metabolized, reduces the salt electrical conductivity in soil；Simultaneously as the ion exchange of calcium sulfate, can be effectively by soil
In sodium ion conversion after generate sodium sulphate, taken away by rainwater.
The measure of soil salt content
Using standard method dry residue method, the 10g wind desiceted soils of sieving 1mm are weighed, is positioned in the drying triangular flask of 100ml, adds
Entering ultra-pure water 50rnl, (Tu Shui compares l：5), vibrate 10min, with middling speed filter paper by supernatant liquid filtering in triangular flask, it is accurate to inhale
The limpid filtrates of 20ml are taken, is put into known weight weighing bottle and carries out water bath method, add H afterwards2O2A little, until residue is in white
Color, be drawn off being put into baking oven dry 2 it is small when, take out cooling 30 minutes, weigh on balance.
As a result calculate：
Soil total salt amount（g/kg）=(W0-W1)×50×1000/(W×20)
In formula：W1It is measuring cup weight（g）, W0It is to weigh bottle weight+residue weight（g）, W is sample dry weight（g）.
※Relative to blank group P<0.05, * relative to 3 groups of P of embodiment<0.05
It is the key character of salinization soil that Water-soluble salt is excessive, the high growth for suppressing plant of salt content.Soluble organic fraction
Sodium chloride is in the most obvious characteristic that upper soll layer aggregation is salinization soil.As can be seen from the table, biological bacteria of the invention
Fertilizer can be effectively reduced the content of total inorganic salts in salinized soil.By applying microbial-bacterial fertilizer, improve in soil
Environmental characteristic, soil texture and consolidation improve, and soil agreegate increase, advantageously reduces soil surface moisture evaporation, from
And salt ion is reduced in surface aggregation, salt content reduces.The plantation of another aspect salt-tolerant plant, is conducive to upper soll layer salt
The absorption divided.
Soil water soluble ion Na+、K+Measure
Using water-soluble calcium magnesium ion in volumetric determination soil.The sieving soil sample that 20g is air-dried is weighed, is placed in the triangle of 250ml
In bottle, the ultra-pure water of 100ml is added, 10min is vibrated, filters to take to obtain prepare liquid afterwards.10ml prepare liquids are drawn in test tube,
Measured on atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Result of calculation：
Potassium ion（K+）g/kg=C1×V/m；
Sodium ion（Na+）g/kg=C2×V/m；
In formula, C1It is the potassium concentration that working curve measures（mg/L）；C2It is the potassium concentration that working curve measures（mg/
L）；V is the volume of leachate（mL）；M is drying soil weight（g）.
※Relative to blank group P<0.05, * relative to 3 groups of P of embodiment<0.05
Water-soluble salts segregant be in salinization soil influence plant absorption soil nutrient most direct influence factor, mistake
High salt ion can all suppress the normal growth of plant, and alkali sodium ion is excessive, and the growth to plant is unfavorable, poisonous plant root
System, and soil physical property can be deteriorated.Because there are antagonism, the sodium of high concentration between sodium ion and potassium ion
Ion can suppress the absorption of potassium, so as to be unfavorable for the absorption of root system of plant.As can be seen from the above table, the soil in microbial-bacterial fertilizer
Earth colloid can displace sodium ion in soil, physical behavior in soil is improved, thus top layer sodium ions content by
Gradually reduce；In embodiment 3 for reference examples 3 and 4, delay due to being built by albumen and polypeptide to three dimensions is netted
In release fertilizer, the growth of microorganism is effectively promoted, improves the elimination factor of sodium ion；Meanwhile with the decline of sodium ion,
The activity for suppressing the potassium ion in soil is just gradually increasing, and soluble ion just increases in soil, is conducive to plant to potassium element
Absorption.Comparison diagram is as shown in Figure 4.
Corn planting is tested
After plantation, each field that handles carries out corn harvesting, 100 statistics gross weights is arbitrarily taken in every group, and calculate mass of 1000 kernel；Often
10 plants of corns are arbitrarily taken in a test group, count the thick and average height on the ground of total strain yield, stem, calculate average single plant yield, flat
Equal stem is as shown in the table slightly with average height on the ground：
※Relative to blank group P<0.05, * relative to 3 groups of P of embodiment<0.05
As can be seen from the above table, the growth of corn can be effectively facilitated after above-mentioned organic fungi-manure by employing.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of slow-release bio bacterial manure, it is characterised in that it is bean dregs, the high molecular polymerization by being crossed by hydrolysis and fermentation process
Thing, attapulgite, EM bacterium solutions, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, humic acid, CaSO4It is prepared as raw material.
2. slow-release bio bacterial manure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the nitrogenous fertilizer is urea.
3. slow-release bio bacterial manure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the phosphate fertilizer is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
4. slow-release bio bacterial manure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.
5. a kind of preparation method of slow-release bio bacterial manure, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
1st step, the hydrolysis of bean dregs：By weight, 10~12 parts of bean dregs are taken, after washing with water, bean dregs are added to 500~
In 600 parts of water, cellulase is added, and with dilute acid for adjusting pH to 4~6, carry out cellulose hydrolysis, then at enzyme deactivation
Reason；
2nd step, after the hydrolysate of the 1st step is concentrated under reduced pressure, adds bacterium solution and carries out fermentation process, then after vacuum drying, obtain
To fermenting bean dregs thing；
3rd step, the preparation of water phase：By weight, by 20~35 parts of fermenting bean dregs thing, 400~500 parts of water, anionic surface
1~4 part of activating agent, 4~8 parts of emulsifying agent, 10~12 parts of methyl methacrylate, 15~20 parts of methacrylic acid, chitosan 3~
5 parts, 2~4 parts of n-isopropyl acrylamide, 0.2~0.5 part of acetic acid be uniformly mixed, 1~3 part of initiator, obtain water phase；
4th step, the preparation of oil phase：By weight, by toluene and chlorobenzene according to weight ratio 1：1~1.2 mixing, adds mixing
The surfactant of thing weight 0.1~0.2%, after mixing, obtains oil phase；
5th step, inverse suspension polymerization：By water phase and oil phase according to volume ratio 1：After 3~6 mixing, nitrogen is passed through in the reactor,
Add N, N, N ', N '-tetramethylethylenediamine, back flow reaction under a nitrogen atmosphere；After reaction, solids is filtered out, is used in combination
Ethanol cleans, and obtains particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material；
6th step, by weight, by 40~50 parts of particulate slow-release fertilizer base-material, 20~25 parts of attapulgite, 4~8 parts of EM bacterium solutions
Be uniformly mixed, then with 2~4 parts of urea, 4~6 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 5~8 parts of potassium sulfate, 10~12 parts of humic acid, CaSO4 5~
8 parts are uniformly mixed, and after granulation, to obtain the final product.
6. the preparation method of slow-release bio bacterial manure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the diluted acid in the 1st step refers to 1
The dilute hydrochloric acid of~5wt%, the addition of cellulase are the 0.05~0.5% of bean dregs weight, and the cellulase is green wood
Enzyme, hydrolysis time are 12~24h, and reaction temperature is 40~45 DEG C；Destroy the enzyme treatment refers to more than 95 DEG C high temperature enzyme deactivations.
7. the preparation method of slow-release bio bacterial manure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the concentration in the 2nd step refers to
Volume concentration is to original 20~30%, and fermentation temperature is 30~35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 40~80h；Bacterium solution refers to saccharomyces cerevisiae
With the bacterium solution of bacillus subtilis.
8. the preparation method of slow-release bio bacterial manure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described in the 3rd step it is cloudy from
Sub- surfactant is selected from alkylbenzenesulfonate；Emulsifying agent in sucrose ester, soybean lecithin and mono fatty acid glyceride extremely
Few one kind；Initiator is potassium peroxydisulfate.
9. the preparation method of slow-release bio bacterial manure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the surface-active in the 4th step
Agent is SPAN-40；Back flow reaction is 2~4h of reaction at 75~85 DEG C in 5th step.
10. application of the Claims 1 to 4 any one of them slow-release bio bacterial manure in salt affected soil fertilising.
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