CN107980466A - 一种山苍子组培苗微型扦插方法 - Google Patents

一种山苍子组培苗微型扦插方法 Download PDF

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CN107980466A
CN107980466A CN201711474095.0A CN201711474095A CN107980466A CN 107980466 A CN107980466 A CN 107980466A CN 201711474095 A CN201711474095 A CN 201711474095A CN 107980466 A CN107980466 A CN 107980466A
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范辉华
汤行昊
王志洁
黄宇
张娟
蒋泽平
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种山苍子组培苗微型扦插方法,包括(1)混合生根剂配制;(2)微型扦插基质准备;(3)组培壮苗选择;(4)组培壮苗微型扦插;(5)微型扦插后管理。本发明建立了一种高效的山苍子组培苗微型扦插方法,优化了组培无性繁殖体系。该技术采用山苍子组培壮苗,混合生根剂处理后直接进行微型扦插,缩短育苗周期40d‑50d,生根率大于98.5%,成活率稳定并在96%以上,降低生产成本45%‑50%,生产应用方便、高效,大大提升了山苍子无性繁殖规模化应用水平。

Description

一种山苍子组培苗微型扦插方法
技术领域
本发明属于植物无性繁殖技术领域,具体涉及一种山苍子组培苗微型扦插方法。
背景技术
山苍子为樟科木姜子属珍贵芳香油料小乔木,其花、叶、果和树皮可蒸馏提取山苍子油,成熟的果实含油量最高。山苍子油中柠檬醛、高级醇、有机酸,柠檬醛含量高达70%,是配制香精、香料和合成维生素A、E的主要原料,还可直接用于杀虫灭菌,是我国出口创汇最大的天然植物精油。山苍子主要分布于我国浙江、福建、湖南等省,山苍子具有生态、经济、社会三大效益高度统一的树种。传统繁殖主要用种子播种育苗,不仅种子发芽率低,优良性状遗传也不稳定,严重地影响着山苍子油的产量质量。植物组织培养无性繁殖是稳定保持遗传母本优良性状的有效育苗方法,目前,已有山苍子组织培养研究报道,如马崇坚等“山苍子不同外植体的组织培养(广东农业科学,2005)”、孙雁霞等“山苍子组织培养快速繁殖技术研究(四川林业科技,2002)”、骆瑞清等“不同因素组织培养对山苍子茎段腋芽生长发育的影响(山东林业科技,2011)”等研究,成功的培育出完整植株。现有专利技术中,如“一种山苍子无性快繁育苗方法,”是以山苍子组培继代芽试管外生根,以山苍子优良无性系组培继代芽为插穗,山苍子优株组培继代芽试管外育苗或组培苗幼态枝扦插育苗的方法,主要通过瓶外生根技术,开展组培苗移栽,取得一定效果,但是我们在试验研究发现,仍然存在生产成本高、成活率不稳定、生产效率偏低的问题,不能在生产中实际应用。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种山苍子组培苗微型扦插方法,为山苍子良种规模化无性繁殖提供技术支撑。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用了以下的技术方案:
一种山苍子组培苗微型扦插方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)混合生根剂配制:每升混合生根剂溶液的配制方法如下:(1)混合生根剂配制:每升混合生根剂溶液的配制方法如下:分别将300-500mg吲哚丁酸、500-700mg/L萘乙酸用少量乙醇溶解,加清水300ml稀释,加上硝酸镧5-10mg和50%多菌灵溶液100ml,全部混合后用清水定容至1L;
(2)微型扦插基质准备:将泥炭25-30份、黄土10-15份、珍珠岩10-15份、椰糠25-50份、微囊化益生菌5-8份混合形成基质,再将基质pH调整为6.0;混合栽培基质分装于14孔、孔深5.6cm的育苗盒中,浇透水备用;每立方基质用25g的50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂进行消毒杀菌;
(3)组培壮苗选择:选择在壮苗培养基中生长高度2~3cm,粗度0.35cm左右的无菌芽苗;
(4)组培壮苗微型扦插:将选择的组培壮苗从瓶中取出,洗净粘在植株基部的培养基,按单株剪下,摘除底部叶片,在步骤(1)配置的生根剂中浸泡50s,栽入步骤(2)备好的育苗盒中,浇透水;
(5)微型扦插后管理:扦插完成后,温度控制在25~28℃,湿度保持80%以上,光强为2500~3000lx,光照时间为16h/d,每隔10d喷洒一次0.15%的多菌灵和百菌清混合药剂;18~22d幼苗基部长出大量根系。
所述步骤(2)中微囊化益生菌中的益生菌为酵母菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌中的一种或几种。
有益效果:本发明技术,能有效解决现有技术不足,可以真正应用于生产实践,可为山苍子规模化无性繁殖提供技术支撑。该技术采用山苍子组培壮苗,混合生根剂处理后直接进行微型扦插,缩短育苗周期40d-50d,生根率大于98.5%,成活率稳定并在96%以上,降低生产成本45%-50%,生产应用方便、高效,大大提升了山苍子无性繁殖规模化应用水平。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
(1)混合生根剂配制:每升混合生根剂溶液的配制方法如下:分别将300mg吲哚丁酸、700mg/L萘乙酸用少量乙醇溶解,加清水300ml,再加上硝酸镧5mg和50%多菌灵溶液100ml,混合后用清水定容至1L;
(2)微型扦插基质准备:将含有泥炭25份、黄土15份、珍珠岩15份、椰糠50份、微囊化益生菌(微囊化益生菌中的益生菌为酵母菌)8份混合形成基质,再将基质pH调整为6.0;混合栽培基质分装于14孔、孔深5.6cm的育苗盒中,浇透水备用;每立方基质用25g的50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂进行消毒杀菌;
(3)组培壮苗选择:选择在壮苗培养基中生长高度2cm,粗度0.35cm左右的无菌芽苗;
(4)组培壮苗微型扦插:将选择的组培苗从瓶中取出,洗净粘在植株基部的培养基,按单株剪下,摘除底部叶片,在步骤(1)配置的生根剂中浸泡50s,栽入步骤(2)备好的育苗盒中,浇透水;
(5)微型扦插后管理:扦插完成后,温度控制在25℃,湿度保持80%以上,光强为2500lx,光照时间为16h/d,每隔10d喷洒一次0.15%的多菌灵和百菌清混合药剂;22d幼苗基部长出大量根系。
本实施例,育苗周期缩短45d,生根率98.8%,成活率稳定并在97.6%,降低生产成本48%。
实施例2:
(1)混合生根剂配制:每升混合生根剂溶液的配制方法如下:分别将500mg吲哚丁酸500mg/L萘乙酸用少量乙醇溶解,加清水300ml,再加上硝酸镧10mg和50%多菌灵溶液100ml,混合后用清水定容至1L;
(2)微型扦插基质准备:将含有泥炭30份、黄土10份、珍珠岩10份、椰糠25份、微囊化益生菌(微囊化益生菌中的益生菌为酵母菌与枯草芽孢杆菌等量混合)5份混合形成基质,再将基质pH调整为6.0;混合栽培基质分装于14孔、孔深5.6cm的育苗盒中,浇透水备用;每立方基质用25g的50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂进行消毒杀菌;
(3)组培壮苗选择:选择在增殖培养基中生长高度3cm,粗度0.35cm左右的无菌芽苗;
(4)组培壮苗微型扦插:将选择的组培苗从瓶中取出,洗净粘在植株基部的培养基,按单株剪下,摘除底部叶片,在步骤(1)配置的混合生根剂中浸泡50s,栽入步骤(2)备好的育苗盒中,浇透水;
(5)微型扦插后管理:扦插完成后,温度控制在28℃,湿度保持80%以上,光强为3000lx,光照时间为16h/d,每隔10d喷洒一次0.2%的多菌灵和百菌清混合药剂;18d幼苗基部长出大量根系。
本实施例,育苗周期缩短50d,生根率99.2%,成活率稳定并在98.2%降低生产成本50%。
以上述依据本发明理想实施例为启示,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内,进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种山苍子组培苗微型扦插方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)混合生根剂配制:每升混合生根剂溶液的配制方法如下:分别将300-500mg吲哚丁酸、500-700mg萘乙酸用少量乙醇溶解,加300ml清水稀释,再加上硝酸镧5-10mg和50%多菌灵溶液100ml,全部混合后用清水定容至1L;
(2)微型扦插基质准备:将泥炭25-30份、黄土10-15份、珍珠岩10-15份、椰糠25-50份、微囊化益生菌5-8份混合形成基质,再将基质pH调整为6.0;混合栽培基质分装于14孔、孔深5.6cm的育苗盒中,浇透水备用;每立方基质用25g的50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂进行消毒杀菌;
(3)组培壮苗选择:选择在壮苗培养基中生长高度2~3cm,粗度0.35cm左右的无菌芽苗;
(4)组培壮苗微型扦插:将选择的组培壮苗从瓶中取出,洗净粘在植株基部的培养基,按单株剪下,摘除底部叶片,在步骤(1)配置的混合生根剂中浸泡50s,栽入步骤(2)备好的育苗盒中,浇透水;
(5)微型扦插后管理:扦插完成后,温度控制在25~28℃,湿度保持80%以上,光强为2500~3000lx,光照时间为16h/d,每隔10d喷洒一次0.15%的多菌灵和百菌清混合药剂;18~22d幼苗基部长出大量根系。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种山苍子组培苗微型扦插方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中微囊化益生菌中的益生菌为酵母菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌中的一种或几种。
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CN108738779A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2018-11-06 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 一种山苍子的扦插繁殖方法

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