CN107955198A - 一种纳米银线-壳聚糖自组装导电薄膜涂层的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纳米银线-壳聚糖自组装导电薄膜涂层的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107955198A
CN107955198A CN201610896835.9A CN201610896835A CN107955198A CN 107955198 A CN107955198 A CN 107955198A CN 201610896835 A CN201610896835 A CN 201610896835A CN 107955198 A CN107955198 A CN 107955198A
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秦建华
魏文博
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种纳米银线‑壳聚糖自组装导电薄膜涂层的制备方法，该方法利用叠层自组装方法(Layer‑by‑layer self‑assemble)将纳米银线与壳聚糖涂层结合到基底材料表面形成具有高稳定性的导电薄膜。通过多层自组装可以增强纳米银线在基底材料上的均匀分布程度，同时提高导电薄膜的导电性能。利用此方法可以在多种基底材料表面制备具有高稳定性的纳米银线导电薄膜涂层。

Description

一种纳米银线-壳聚糖自组装导电薄膜涂层的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于材料科学与纳米技术的交叉领域，具体涉及一种纳米银线-壳聚糖自组装导电薄膜涂层的制备方法。
背景技术
近年来，基于纳米技术的纳米银线薄膜材料以其优越的性能特点和低成本的制备工艺，日益引起学术界和产业界的关注。相对于其它导电材料，纳米银线具有高比表面积的高效导体(表面电阻<30Ω/sq)，随着银线浓度和涂布厚度增加，可大幅降低其面电阻值并维持材料的透光性(透明度>85％)；此外，制备工艺相对简单，可制备成薄膜等多种形式，并具有成本优势。尽管银是贵重金属材料，但储量大且分布广，回收简单。
现阶段，通过在材料表面涂层纳米银线等方法，纳米银线复合材料已用于制备触摸板、发光二极管、太阳能电池和电化学传感器等领域，并正在形成逐步取代ITO主导地位的趋势。然而，纳米银线复合材料在生物学领域的应用仍面临很大挑战。究其主要原因在于：现有纳米银线涂层工艺的稳定性欠佳，在生物微环境下，纳米银线涂层很容易被周围流体剥离从而失去导电性。因此，迫切需要研究建立一种具有高稳定性、高透明性和高生物相容性的纳米银线复合材料制备新方法，这对于开展大规模低成本的透明生物电极制备，并拓展其在生物学领域的应用具有重要意义。
自组装方法为解决纳米银线复合材料的制备以及稳定性问题提供了一种新的思路。它可根据导电材料自身的物理化学性质，利用多种自组装原理对材料表面进行物理或化学的修饰，改变其表面性质，使纳米银线通过物理或化学作用稳定的结合在基底表面，形成导电薄膜。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为基于纳米银线导电涂层研究一种自组装制备方法，本发明利用纳米银线的物理化学性质，选用带有正电荷与氨基的壳聚糖与纳米银线通过层层自组装的方法结合到基底表面形成导电薄膜。
一种纳米银线-壳聚糖自组装导电薄膜涂层的制备方法，按照以下步骤进行：
(1)将壳聚糖溶于体积比为1～2％的醋酸溶液中，配制成浓度为10～20mg/ml的壳聚糖溶液，将基底材料浸没在壳聚糖溶液中5～15分钟；用水快速清洗用水快速清洗基底材料；
(2)将纳米银线按照浓度为0.1～1mg/ml加入水，再超声振荡30～60秒配制成的均匀分散的悬浊液，将步骤(1)的基底材料再浸没在纳米银线悬浊液中5～15分钟，用水快速清洗用水快速清洗基底材料；
(3)重复步骤(1)和步骤(2)；最终在基底表面形成导电纳米银线薄膜。
所述的基底材料为：硝酸纤维素膜、玻璃或聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)。
本发明提供了一种纳米银线-壳聚糖自组装导电薄膜涂层的制备方法，该方法具有操作简单，适用范围广泛等特点。利用静电吸附作用将带有正电荷的壳聚糖溶液与带有负电荷的纳米银线溶液逐层的自组装与基底材料表面，图1。同时，利用壳聚糖所带氨基可以与银发生共价结合的作用使所形成的纳米银线涂层牢固的结合在壳聚糖涂层上。经过多次反复的自组装，可以实现在基底材料表面形成均匀的纳米银线导电涂层，同时所形成的纳米银线涂层的导电性能越强。
附图说明
图1纳米银线-壳聚糖自组装导电薄膜涂层制备方法示意图。
图2扫描电子显微镜表征：A硝酸纤维素膜，B硝酸纤维素膜含有一层(壳聚糖-纳米银线)自组装薄膜，C硝酸纤维素膜含有两层(壳聚糖-纳米银线)自组装薄膜，D硝酸纤维素膜含有三层(壳聚糖-纳米银线)自组装薄膜。
图3利用本发明在玻璃基底材料表面制备的具有图案化纳米银线涂层，其中包含两层壳聚糖与两层纳米银线。
具体实施方法
实施例1
自组装纳米银线于纤维素膜基底。
配制10mg/ml的壳聚糖溶液与0.1mg/ml的纳米银线溶液。将纤维素膜首先浸入壳聚糖溶液中5分钟，然后浸入去离子水洗去未结合在纤维素膜上的壳聚糖，再浸入纳米银线溶液中5分钟，用去离子水洗去未结合在纤维素膜上的纳米银线。重复此过程3次。利用扫面电子显微镜观测含有不同纳米银线层数的纤维素膜，可以清楚的看到随着纳米银线层数的增多，结合到纤维素膜上的纳米银线的数量越多，并且分布越均匀，如图2。通过测量含有不同纳米银线层数的纤维素膜的电阻值，层数越多所测得的电阻值越小。
实施例2
自组装纳米银线于玻璃基底。
配制15mg/ml的壳聚糖溶液与0.5mg/ml的纳米银线溶液。将玻璃片首先浸入壳聚糖溶液中10分钟，然后浸入去离子水洗去未结合在玻璃片上的壳聚糖，再浸入纳米银线溶液中10分钟，用去离子水洗去未结合在纤维素膜上的纳米银线。重复此过程5次。将含有自组装纳米银线涂层的玻璃片浸入含有水的平皿中，放置于摇床上震荡48小时，未见纳米银线涂层脱落。
实施例3
自组装纳米银线于PDMS基底。
配制20mg/ml的壳聚糖溶液与0.5mg/ml的纳米银线溶液。将玻璃片首先浸入壳聚糖溶液中15分钟，然后浸入去离子水洗去未结合在玻璃片上的壳聚糖，再浸入纳米银线溶液中15分钟，用去离子水洗去未结合在纤维素膜上的纳米银线。重复此过程4次后制备含有纳米银线涂层的PDMS材料。
实施例4
图案化自组装纳米银线于玻璃基底。
配制10mg/ml的壳聚糖溶液与1mg/ml的纳米银线溶液。将含有图案结构的PDMS模块结合在玻璃片上，再浸入壳聚糖溶液中12分钟，然后浸入去离子水洗去未结合在玻璃片上的壳聚糖，再浸入纳米银线溶液中12分钟，用去离子水洗去未结合在纤维素膜上的纳米银线。重复此过程4次，移去PDMS模块后在玻璃基底表面形成具有图案化的纳米银线涂层，见图3。

Claims (2)

1.一种纳米银线-壳聚糖自组装导电薄膜涂层的制备方法，其特征在于按照以下步骤进行：
(1)将壳聚糖溶于体积比为1～2％的醋酸溶液中，配制成浓度为10～20mg/ml的壳聚糖溶液，将基底材料浸没在壳聚糖溶液中5～15分钟；用水快速清洗基底材料；
(2)将纳米银线按照浓度为0.1～1mg/ml加入水，再超声振荡30～60秒配制成的均匀分散的悬浊液，将步骤(1)清洗后的基底材料再浸没在纳米银线悬浊液中5～15分钟，用水快速清洗基底材料；
(3)重复步骤(1)和步骤(2)；最终在基底表面形成导电纳米银线薄膜。
2.按照权利要求1所述的一种纳米银线-壳聚糖自组装导电薄膜涂层的制备方法，其特征在于所述的基底材料为：硝酸纤维素膜、玻璃或聚二甲基硅氧烷。
CN201610896835.9A 2016-10-14 2016-10-14 一种纳米银线-壳聚糖自组装导电薄膜涂层的制备方法 Pending CN107955198A (zh)

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CN109081932A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2018-12-25 福建农林大学 一种高稳定性的柔性透明导电纤维素膜的制备方法及产品
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CN110379561A (zh) * 2019-06-27 2019-10-25 顾氏纳米科技（浙江）有限公司 一种银纳米线自组装导电膜的制备方法
CN111180112A (zh) * 2020-01-16 2020-05-19 南通纺织丝绸产业技术研究院 一种金属纳米线柔性导电薄膜及其制备方法

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