CN107953628A - 一种三维高导热垫片及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种三维高导热垫片及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107953628A
CN107953628A CN201711137909.1A CN201711137909A CN107953628A CN 107953628 A CN107953628 A CN 107953628A CN 201711137909 A CN201711137909 A CN 201711137909A CN 107953628 A CN107953628 A CN 107953628A
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徐峰
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Dongguan City Follett Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种三维高导热垫片,包括衬垫、包覆于所述衬垫的热扩散膜和涂覆于所述衬垫和热扩散膜之间的胶粘剂;所述衬垫由热各向异性的无机材料制成,所述热扩散膜由石墨或高密度聚乙烯制成。该三维高导热垫片可在XYZ三维方向实现高导热,即本发明使用扩散膜包裹导垫衬垫的方式,导热衬垫在Z方向具有较佳的导热性,而扩散膜是具有高导热性,从而可使该导热垫片具有较均匀的热扩散能力。本发明同时还提供该三维高导热垫片的制备方法。

Description

一种三维高导热垫片及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电子元件的导热部件技术领域,尤其涉及一种三维高导热垫片及其制备方法。
背景技术
电子元件的性能会因过热而下降或损坏,因此对电子元件的冷却成为重要的课题。对用于发热体和散热体之间的导热界面材料,往往要求其具有优异的导热性能。而导热衬垫各向异性的导热能力,在大功率或空间有限的条件下,XY方向导热能力较弱的瓶颈将凸显。
专利CN100548099C中揭示了一种利用磁场对碳纤维进行定向排列的方法,在厚度方向实现超高导热,可达到15W/k.m以上;在平面方向XY导热性能较差,一般4W/k.m,呈现各向异性。
专利CN103975429A中揭示了一种利用挤出法实现碳纤维的定性排列,在厚度方向导热性能远高于平面方向,同样呈现各向异性。
采用其他填料如陶瓷纤维,BN等实现材料各向异性的导热能力,同样会存在平面XY方向导热能力较弱的情况。
提升平面XY方向的导热性能,有利于改善界面材料XYZ三维方向的导热性能,适用大功率和空间有限的应用场景。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的之一在于提供一种XY平面导热效果佳的三维高导热垫片。
本发明的目的之二在于提供上述垫片的制备方法。
本发明的目的之一采用如下技术方案实现:
一种三维高导热垫片,包括衬垫、包覆于所述衬垫的热扩散膜和涂覆于所述衬垫和热扩散膜之间的胶粘剂;所述衬垫由热各向异性的无机材料制成,所述热扩散膜由石墨层或高密度聚乙烯制成。
进一步地,所述衬垫为碳纤维或陶瓷纤维。
进一步地,所述胶粘剂为热熔胶或有机硅胶。
进一步地,所述热熔胶为乙烯及其共聚物、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚酯和聚烯烃中的一种;所述有机硅胶为加热固化型有机硅胶。
进一步地,所述热扩散膜的厚度<0.1mm;石墨层为天然石墨层、人工合成石墨层、石墨烯层的一种或几种的组合;高密度聚乙烯为拉伸25倍以上的高密度聚乙烯。
进一步地,所述衬垫底部复合有导电膜。
本发明的目的之二采用以下方案实现:
一种制备上述的三维高导热垫片的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)采用磁场辅助、电场辅助或挤出成型的方式制备热各向异性的衬垫;
2)在衬垫或热扩散膜表面涂覆胶粘剂;
3)用热扩散膜包覆衬垫。
进一步地,步骤1)中,采用超声波匀质使无机材料的定向排列。
进一步地,步骤2)中,在热扩散膜上复合胶粘剂,热扩散膜与导热衬垫通过成型工装进行贴合。
进一步地,步骤3)后,还包括步骤4)在衬垫底部复合导电膜。
进一步地,步骤3)后制备的导热垫片为长条型单体,2个及以上单体组合成导热垫片。
相比现有技术,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明提供的三维高导热垫片,可在XYZ三维方向实现高导热,即本发明使用扩散膜包裹导垫衬垫的方式,导热衬垫在Z方向具有较佳的导热性,而扩散膜是具有高导热性,从而可使该导热垫片具有较均匀的热扩散能力。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的结构示意图;
图2为本发明实施例2的结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例4的结构示意图;
图4为碳纤维衬垫的红外成像图;
图5为实施例1的红外成像图。
图6为本发明实施例5的结构示意图。
图中,各附图标记:1、衬垫;2、热扩散膜;3、胶粘剂;4、导电膜;5、连接带。
具体实施方式
下面,结合附图以及具体实施方式,对本发明做进一步描述,需要说明的是,在不相冲突的前提下,以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
如图1-3所示,本发明提供一种三维高导热垫片,包括衬垫1、包覆于衬垫的热扩散膜2和涂覆于衬垫和热扩散膜之间的胶粘剂3;衬垫由热各向异性的无机材料制成,扩散膜由石墨层或高密度聚乙烯制成。
该三维高导热垫片,通过高Z轴方向导热性的衬垫和高XY平面导热的执扩散膜相结合的方式,能快速、有效地促进热的传递和散失。以保护发热电子元件。胶粘剂的胶层厚度小于30μm。
实施例1:
一种三维高导热垫片,包括碳纤维衬垫、包覆于衬垫的热扩散膜和涂覆于衬垫和热扩散膜之间的胶粘剂,其中胶粘剂为EVA热熔胶。
制备该三维高导热垫片的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将含有聚合物、各向异性导热性填料和填充剂的导热性组合物放置于强磁场的条件,各向异性的碳纤维盐磁力线方向排列取向,并辅助于超声波振动;然后加热固化而形成碳纤维垫片;
2)在厚度20μm、平面导热能力≥800W/k.m的石墨层表面贴合热熔胶层,层厚度10μm;
3)通过成型工装,将复合有热熔胶层的石墨层包覆于衬垫的顶面、侧面和部分底面,在120℃加热20s,得到的三维高导热垫片结构如图1所示。
实施例2:
一种三维高导热垫片,包括碳纤维衬垫、包覆于衬垫的热扩散膜和涂覆于衬垫和热扩散膜之间的胶粘剂,其中胶粘剂为PU热熔胶膜。
制备该三维高导热垫片的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将含有聚合物、各向异性导热性填料和填充剂的导热性组合物放置于强电场的条件,各向异性的碳纤维盐磁力线方向排列取向,并辅助于超声波振动;然后加热固化而形成碳纤维垫片;
2)在厚度30μm、平面导热能力>45W/k.m的高密度聚乙烯表面贴合热熔胶层,胶层厚度10μm;
3)通过成型工装,将贴合有PU热熔胶层的高密度聚乙烯包覆于衬垫的顶面和侧面且接口在底面叠合。在100℃加热30s,得到的三维高导热垫片结构如图2所示。
实施例3:
一种三维高导热垫片,包括碳纤维衬垫、包覆于衬垫的热扩散膜和涂覆于衬垫和热扩散膜之间的胶粘剂,其中胶粘剂为热固化型硅胶粘结剂。
制备该三维高导热垫片的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)用挤出机将含有聚合物、各向异性导热性填料和填充剂的导热性组合物挤出,各向异性导热性填料沿挤出方向挤出成形,将挤出成形物固化和使用超声波切割器将固化物在相对于上述挤出方向为垂直的方向切断成规定厚度,即得到碳纤维垫片;
2)在厚度20μm平面导热能力>800W/k.m的石墨层表面涂布硅胶粘结剂,硅胶粘结剂厚度15μm。
3)通过成型工装,将涂布有硅胶粘结剂的石墨层包覆于衬垫的顶面、侧面和部分底面,80℃保持15分钟。
实施例4:
一种三维高导热垫片,包括碳纤维衬垫、包覆于衬垫的热扩散膜和涂覆于衬垫和热扩散膜之间的胶粘剂,其中胶粘剂热固型硅胶粘结剂。
制备该三维高导热垫片的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将含有聚合物、各向异性导热性填料和填充剂的导热性组合物放置于强磁场的条件,各向异性的碳纤维盐磁力线方向排列取向,并辅助于超声波振动;然后加热固化而形成碳纤维垫片;
2)在厚度32μm平面导热能力≥45W/k.m的高密度聚乙烯表面涂布硅胶粘结剂,硅胶粘结剂厚度15μm。
3)通过成型工装,将涂布有硅胶粘结剂的高密度聚乙烯包覆于衬垫的顶面、侧面和部分底面。
4)在衬垫底部复合铝箔作为导电膜4。其结构如图3所示。
实施例5:
按照实施例1制备的长条型三维高导热垫片作为导热单体,导热单体尺寸为25.4mm*3mm*0.5mm,8个导热单体贴在7μm的连接带5上,连接带的材料可以是胶粘带或橡皮带,组合成25.4mm*25.4mm*0.5mm的导热垫片,其结构如图6所示。
性能检测与效果评价
实施例3得到的三维高导热垫片制成15mm×15mm×15mm的尺寸,对导热垫侧面(平行于碳纤维排列方向)进行红外成像温度测试,将只含碳纤维衬垫的样品作为对照例。结果如图4所示,同等条件下,对照例的中心温度为42.5℃,且从红外成像结果可知,XY平面内热分布严重不均。实施例1得到的三维高导热垫片的中心温度为39.3℃,红外热成像图如图5所示,由中间向四周逐渐、均匀地扩散,形态规则,改善效果明显。
实施例3得到的导热垫片下表面放置恒温热源,测试上表面温度为52度,四个侧面测试的温度分别为51.8,51.8,51.7,51.9,即导热垫片上表面与四个侧面的温度差异小于等于0.3度。三维高导热垫片的X向、Y向与Z向导热能力的差异明显改善。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式,不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围,本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。

Claims (11)

1.一种三维高导热垫片,其特征在于,包括衬垫、包覆于所述衬垫的热扩散膜和涂覆于所述衬垫和热扩散膜之间的胶粘剂;所述衬垫由热各向异性的无机材料制成,所述热扩散膜由石墨层或高密度聚乙烯制成。
2.如权利要求1所述的三维高导热垫片,其特征在于,所述衬垫为碳纤维或陶瓷纤维。
3.如权利要求1所述的三维高导热垫片,其特征在于,所述胶粘剂为热熔胶或有机硅胶。
4.如权利要求3所述的三维高导热垫片,其特征在于,所述热熔胶为乙烯及其共聚物、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚酯和聚烯烃中的一种;所述有机硅胶为加热固化型有机硅胶。
5.如权利要求1所述的三维高导热垫片,其特征在于,所述热扩散膜的厚度<0.1mm;石墨层为天然石墨层、人工合成石墨层、石墨烯层的一种或几种的组合;高密度聚乙烯为拉伸25倍以上的高密度聚乙烯。
6.如权利要求1所述的三维高导热垫片,其特征在于,所述衬垫底部复合有导电膜。
7.一种制备如权利要求1-6任一项所述的三维高导热垫片的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)采用磁场辅助、电场辅助或挤出成型的方式制备热各向异性的衬垫;
2)在衬垫或热扩散膜表面涂覆胶粘剂;
3)用热扩散膜包覆衬垫。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中,采用超声波振动使无机材料的定向排列。
9.如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中,在热扩散膜上复合胶粘剂,热扩散膜与导热衬垫通过成型工装进行贴合。
10.如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤3)后,还包括步骤4)在衬垫底部复合导电膜。
11.如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤3)后制备的导热垫片为长条型单体,2个及以上单体组合成导热垫片。
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CN105462565A (zh) * 2015-12-14 2016-04-06 德阳烯碳科技有限公司 一种石墨烯和碳纤维复合热界面材料的制备方法
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