CN107953038B - Transparent brittle material processing equipment - Google Patents
Transparent brittle material processing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107953038B CN107953038B CN201711448374.XA CN201711448374A CN107953038B CN 107953038 B CN107953038 B CN 107953038B CN 201711448374 A CN201711448374 A CN 201711448374A CN 107953038 B CN107953038 B CN 107953038B
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- laser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
- B23K26/402—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved involving non-metallic material, e.g. isolators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
Abstract
The invention provides transparent brittle material processing equipment, which comprises a control module, a laser cutting module, an ultrasonic focusing module and a processing platform, wherein the laser cutting module comprises a laser generator, and a laser shaping unit, a laser pointing transmission unit, a laser scanning unit and a laser focusing unit which are sequentially arranged along the laser path direction, the sample processing platform is arranged below the laser focusing unit, the ultrasonic focusing module and the laser focusing unit are coaxially arranged, the processing platform can move freely in multiple axes, and the control module is used for controlling the cooperative work of all parts. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the processing equipment adopts the focused laser beam to process the transparent brittle material, simultaneously adopts the ultrasonic focusing system to generate focused ultrasonic waves to separate material fragments generated by laser processing from a material body, and adopts the material cutting wall processed by the equipment to be smooth and free from cracking and taper, thereby greatly improving the success rate of processing the transparent brittle material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutting processes, in particular to transparent brittle material processing equipment.
Background
With the development of industry, in the current industrial production, especially in the processing of core components of some electronic components and optoelectronic products, a series of operations such as cutting, punching, polishing and the like are generally required for some transparent materials, such as glass, lithium triborate crystals (LBO), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals and the like. At present, the following processing modes are mainly adopted:
1. in the traditional machining mode, a hard metal wheel or diamond is adopted to mechanically break after scribing on the surface of a material, however, due to the characteristics of a brittle material, the situation that the surface is broken and even the material is broken is extremely easy to occur, and the yield cannot be ensured. With the increasing demand for products of such transparent brittle materials, traditional processing methods are also facing new challenges;
2. the laser processing mode adopts high-density energy generated by laser beams to melt or even gasify materials in a short time, then auxiliary gas is used for blowing slag away, and kerfs are formed along with the movement of the laser beams, however, the problem generated by the method is that a recondensing layer and micro cracks are easy to generate on the kerf end surface of the brittle materials, so that the surface roughness is increased, and the kerf edge breakage and splashes pollute the materials;
3. the laser thermal stress cutting method realizes the separation of brittle materials by a method of generating thermal stress, inducing and controlling crack growth by scanning the materials by laser, and does not need high-power laser irradiation, so that the materials are not softened and melted; the cutting powder or slag is not needed, the cutting surface is smooth, and the material is not lost, but the processing material such as sapphire which is used in the method needs to be immersed in a highly corrosive solution such as hydrofluoric acid for a plurality of hours, which is not beneficial to environmental protection and takes a long time.
Therefore, there is a need for innovations in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the transparent brittle material processing equipment is simple in working procedure, environment-friendly and reliable.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a transparent brittle material processing equipment, includes control module, laser cutting module, ultrasonic focusing module and processing platform, laser cutting module includes laser generator, and laser shaping unit, laser directional transmission unit, laser scanning unit and the laser focusing unit that sets gradually along laser light path direction, processing platform sets up in the below of laser focusing unit, ultrasonic focusing module with the coaxial setting of laser focusing unit, but processing platform multiaxis free movement, control module is used for controlling laser cutting module and ultrasonic focusing module operating condition and processing platform's displacement.
Further, the ultrasonic focusing module coincides with the focus of the laser focusing unit.
Further, a processing groove is formed in the processing platform, and a material fixing mechanism is arranged in the processing groove.
Further, the processing tank is filled with liquid, and the liquid is water or oil.
Further, the laser cutting device also comprises a self-adaptive platform, wherein the laser focusing unit of the laser cutting module and the ultrasonic focusing module are both arranged on the self-adaptive platform, and the self-adaptive platform is controlled by the control module to move along the vertical direction.
Further, the laser generator generates laser with a wavelength of 0.2-11.4 μm.
Further, the pulse width of the laser generated by the laser generator is in the picosecond level or the femtosecond level.
Further, the ultrasonic focusing module is a high-intensity focusing ultrasonic system, and the ultrasonic frequency generated by the high-intensity focusing ultrasonic system is 18KHz-10MHz.
Further, the ultrasonic frequency generated by the high-intensity focused ultrasonic system is matched with the resonance frequency of the transparent brittle material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the processing equipment adopts the focused laser beam to process the transparent brittle material, simultaneously adopts the ultrasonic focusing system to generate focused ultrasonic waves to separate material fragments generated by laser processing from a material body, and adopts the material cutting wall processed by the equipment to be smooth and free from cracking and taper, thereby greatly improving the success rate of processing the transparent brittle material.
Drawings
The specific structure of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a brittle material processing apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical content, the constructional features, the achieved objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made in connection with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a brittle material processing device includes a control module, a laser cutting module, an ultrasonic focusing module and a processing platform, wherein the laser cutting module includes a laser generator, and a laser shaping unit, a laser directional transmission unit, a laser scanning unit and a laser focusing unit which are sequentially arranged along the laser path direction, the processing platform is arranged below the laser focusing unit, the ultrasonic focusing module and the laser focusing unit are coaxially arranged, the processing platform can move freely in multiple axes, and the control module is used for controlling the working states of the laser cutting module and the ultrasonic focusing module and the displacement of the processing platform.
In this embodiment, the control module generates laser by using a laser generator, where the laser generator is an optical fiber laser or a solid laser, the wavelength of the generated laser is 0.2-11.4 μm, the pulse width of the generated laser is picosecond or femtosecond pulse laser, the laser passes through a laser shaping unit to adjust the spot size, shape, optical density distribution, and the like of the laser, and is transmitted to a laser focusing unit to perform focusing processing by passing through a laser pointing transmission unit and a laser scanning unit, and the transparent and brittle material is fixed on a processing platform by a material fixing mechanism, and the control module adjusts the focus of the laser by the laser focusing unit to make the laser act on the cutting point of the material, and then adjusts the cutting path of the processing device by controlling the horizontal movement of the processing platform to the X axis and the Y axis.
And the ultrasonic focusing module is arranged coaxially and confocal with the laser focusing module to start working, the focused laser beam enables the material to generate controllable thermal stress cracks, the focused ultrasonic wave is overlapped with the laser focus, the strong vibration can enable the material generating the thermal stress cracks to crack along the cutting direction after laser irradiation, in order to enable fragments of the material to be separated from the material more easily under the action of the focused ultrasonic wave, the processing groove of the processing platform is injected with liquid, the liquid can be water or oil, the liquid is selected to be suitable for the laser wavelength, the influence on the processing effect caused by the absorption of laser energy by the liquid is avoided, and the transparent brittle material immersed in the liquid can accelerate the separation process of the fragments under the tension of the liquid, wherein the working frequency of the focused ultrasonic wave is matched with the vibration frequency of the liquid.
The laser focusing module focuses laser in various modes, such as a multi-point focusing beam, a Bessel focusing beam, a laser wire-forming beam and the like.
Brittle materials include glass, sapphire, quartz, corundum, and the like.
Laser processing includes cutting, drilling through holes, drilling blind holes, and the like.
Here, upper, lower, left, right, front, and rear represent only their relative positions and do not represent their absolute positions.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the processing equipment adopts the focused laser beam to process the transparent brittle material, simultaneously adopts the ultrasonic focusing system to generate focused ultrasonic waves to separate material fragments generated by laser processing from a material body, and adopts the material cutting wall processed by the equipment to be smooth and free from cracking and taper, thereby greatly improving the success rate of processing the transparent brittle material.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the processing equipment further comprises a self-adaptive platform, wherein the laser scanning unit, the laser focusing unit and the ultrasonic focusing module of the laser cutting module are arranged on the self-adaptive platform, and the self-adaptive platform is controlled by the control module to move along the vertical direction.
In this embodiment, when the material is thicker, the control module can control the self-adaptive platform to adjust the position of the focus of laser focusing in the vertical direction, namely the Z axis, so that the focus moves towards the inside of the material, thereby realizing three-dimensional processing of the material and greatly improving the processing efficiency.
The X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis are mutually perpendicular, wherein the X axis and the Y axis represent displacement in the horizontal direction, and the Z axis represents displacement in the vertical direction.
Example 3
Based on the embodiment 2, the ultrasonic focusing module is a high-intensity focusing ultrasonic system, and the ultrasonic frequency generated by the high-intensity focusing ultrasonic system is 18KHz-10MHz.
In this embodiment, the high-intensity focused ultrasound system is composed of a plurality of ultrasonic wave generating sources, each ultrasonic wave generating source can generate an ultrasonic wave beam, and when focusing the plurality of ultrasonic wave beams on a point, focused ultrasonic waves can be obtained, and the process of separating material fragments from materials can be accelerated by matching with the laser cutting module.
The ultrasonic frequency generated by the high-intensity focused ultrasonic system is matched with the resonance frequency of the transparent brittle material, and the ultrasonic frequency matched with the resonance frequency is adopted to process the material, so that the processing efficiency can be improved.
When the transparent brittle material is soaked in liquid for processing, the ultrasonic frequency generated by the high-intensity focused ultrasonic system is matched with the resonance frequency of the liquid.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A transparent brittle material processing device is characterized in that: the laser cutting device comprises a control module, a laser cutting module, an ultrasonic focusing module and a processing platform, wherein the laser cutting module comprises a laser generator, a laser shaping unit, a laser pointing transmission unit, a laser scanning unit and a laser focusing unit which are sequentially arranged along the direction of a laser path, the processing platform is arranged below the laser focusing unit, the ultrasonic focusing module and the laser focusing unit are coaxially arranged, the ultrasonic focusing module is coincident with the focus of the laser focusing unit, the processing platform can freely move in multiple axes, and the control module is used for controlling the working states of the laser cutting module and the ultrasonic focusing module and the displacement of the processing platform;
the laser generator emits laser, and the ultrasonic focusing module coaxially and confocal arranged with the laser focusing module starts to work;
a processing groove is formed in the processing platform, and a material fixing mechanism is arranged in the processing groove; the processing tank is filled with liquid, the liquid is water or oil, the liquid is adaptive to the laser wavelength, and the working frequency of the focused ultrasonic wave is adaptive to the vibration frequency of the liquid;
the ultrasonic focusing module is a high-intensity focusing ultrasonic system, and the ultrasonic frequency generated by the high-intensity focusing ultrasonic system is 18KHz-10MHz;
the ultrasonic frequency generated by the high-intensity focused ultrasonic system is matched with the resonance frequency of the transparent brittle material.
2. The transparent brittle material processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the laser cutting device comprises a laser cutting module, a laser focusing unit and an ultrasonic focusing module, and is characterized by further comprising a self-adaptive platform, wherein the laser focusing unit of the laser cutting module and the ultrasonic focusing module are both arranged on the self-adaptive platform, and the self-adaptive platform is controlled by the control module to move along the vertical direction.
3. The transparent brittle material processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the laser generator generates laser with wavelength of 0.2-11.4 μm.
4. The transparent brittle material processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the pulse width of the laser generated by the laser generator is in the picosecond level or the femtosecond level.
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CN107953038B true CN107953038B (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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CN109604837B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-16 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Non-taper laser processing method |
CN109759722B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2021-08-31 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Double-process combined LED chip processing system and method |
CN111116033A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-08 | 苏州德龙激光股份有限公司 | Laser filamentation drilling and ultrasonic wave splitting device and method for ultrathin glass |
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