CN107926427A - A kind of high-yield planting method of Ponkan - Google Patents
A kind of high-yield planting method of Ponkan Download PDFInfo
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- CN107926427A CN107926427A CN201711170974.4A CN201711170974A CN107926427A CN 107926427 A CN107926427 A CN 107926427A CN 201711170974 A CN201711170974 A CN 201711170974A CN 107926427 A CN107926427 A CN 107926427A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
The present invention relates to planting technology field, a kind of high-yield planting method of Ponkan, including seedling treatment, selection of land, field planting and field management step are disclosed.It is an advantage of the invention that：It is easy to operate, carry out spraying the effect that there can not only be good pre- disease prevention using the insecticide of independent research, the hazardous compound residual rate on the pericarp of harvesting is checked by food inspection center up to standard；Soluble solid, sugar-acid ratio lifting in Ponkan, and then the quality of Ponkan is improved, there is good economic value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-yield planting method in planting technology field, more particularly to Ponkan.
Background technology
Ponkan also known as ponkan, thin skin is easy-peel, and color and luster is delicious, and pulp is orange red, and juice is more, tissue tight, dense sweet tea are tender and crisp, slugging
It is tasty and refreshing, seed is few, and have medicinal efficacy.Autonomous county of the Biostratigraphy of Gongcheng, Guangxi, China Yao nationality is also the famous Ponkan place of production, promote the use of biogas liquid fertilizer,
Biogas residue and farm manure, have a big thin skin of fruit, it is bright in colour, meat is tender and crisp, the more sluggings of juice, fresh and sweet tasty, unique flavor the advantages that.
Edible rate is up to 68-75%, and soluble solid content is up to more than 12%.According to surveying and determination：100 milliliters of 11-13 grams of fruit juice sugar contents,
Sour 0.5-1 grams, 5-35 milligrams of Catergen, 100 grams of 171.66 joules of pulp heat content, 88.6 grams of moisture, rich in protein and
The nutriment that the human bodies such as calcium, phosphorus, iron newly need, often the edible cholesterol level that can be reduced in human body, drains internal be harmful to
Material, can promote the health of people.Obtain " township of Chinese Ponkan " honorary title in respectful city in 1996.Existing 90,000 mu of cultivated area,
120,000 tons of commodity amount.
But Ponkan is encroached on for a long time be subject to various pest and disease damages, it is necessary to which repeatedly applying chemical insecticide carries out preventing disease and pest
To ensure the yield of Ponkan, increase is taken in for prevention work.Environmentally friendly fruit is can guarantee that again in order to solve to prevent pest and disease damage
Real sale, our company have carried out a series of experiment and have found that using the insecticide of independent research spray can not only have very well
Pre- disease prevention effect, the hazardous compound residual rate on the pericarp of harvesting is checked by food inspection office and is reached
Mark.
The content of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided a kind of high-yield planting method of Ponkan.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of high-yield planting method of Ponkan, including seedling treatment, selection of land, field planting and field management step：
S1 seedling treatments：It is seedling to select healthy and strong, disease-free Ponkan seedling, using taking root liquid to selected seedling before being colonized
Carry out being stained with root processing；
S2 selection of lands：Choose massif and carry out the staged reclamation of wasteland, each ladder height difference is 1-1.2 meters, each ladder field planting
Ponkan spacing in the rows is 2-3 meter, carries out digging field planting before field planting and cheats, the depth in hole is 20-40 centimetres, width is 30-40 centimetres；
S3 is colonized：By the nursery stock after processing before field planting hole is colonized in, apply base manure in hole, earthing is tamped after field planting and is connect
It is 45-50% watering to humidity；
S4 field management, including fertilising, trimming leaf, shield flower and fruit：
Fertilising：The first secondary spring tip after field planting applies 70-80kg/ mus of the first liquid manure before sprouting, and applies within the 3rd day after blossom fall
Add 80-90kg/ mus of the second liquid manure, apply 80-100kg/ mus of the 3rd liquid manure in August part, the second liquid manure 100- is added in the October
150kg/ mus；
Trimming leaf：Periodically carry out beta pruning and repair leaf, it is up-small and down-big tree-like to keep tree crown being trimmed to；
Protect flower and fruit：Keep having 500-600 flower on a tree, if a number carries out flower thinning, if a number is less than 500
Carry out fruit retention processing；The fruit retention processing is mixed using 1.2-1.8mg/L gibberellin+1.0-1.5mg/L 6- benzylaminopurines
Carry out spraying fruit retention after conjunction；
S5 deinsectization：Apply pulverized limestone in the winter time on ground, and spray lime sulfur；40-50wt% alkene is used in spring
Pyridine pymetrozine+Semen Cuscutae concentrate+Chinese bulbul concentrate+Chinese ephedra concentrate+concentrated chilli liquid sprays, wherein, five kinds of materials are pressed
Concentrated according to the ratio of percent by weight for the 15-25% alkene pyridine pymetrozine+10-20% Semen Cuscutae concentrate+15-25% Chinese bulbuls
Liquid+15-25% Chinese ephedra concentrate+20-30% concentrated chilli liquids；It is shallow to planting site progress every 1 year during plantation to turn over, it is used in combination
Quick lime is improved the soil.
Further illustrate, first liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times
Mixed afterwards with addition of the ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l：15%-30% iron tailings sand, 15%-20% maize straws, 10%-15% are sweet
Bagasse, 10%-15% rice straws, 10%-15% manioc wastes, 5%-10% bacillus, 5%-10% bifid high temperature unwrapping wire
Bacterium, the needle-shaped bacterium of 5%-10% nitric acid.
Further illustrate, second liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times
Mixed afterwards with addition of the ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l：15%-30% phosphorus tailing, 15%-20% maize straws, 10%-15% sugarcanes
Slag, 10%-15% rice straws, 10%-15% manioc wastes, 5%-10% bacillus pumilus, 5%-10% bifid high temperature are put
Line bacterium, the needle-shaped bacterium of 5%-10% nitric acid.
Further illustrate, the 3rd liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times
Mixed afterwards with addition of the ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l：15%-30% kaolinites tailing, 15%-20% maize straws, 10%-15%
Bagasse, 10%-15% rice straws, 10%-15% manioc wastes, 5%-10% bacillus, 5%-10% bifid high temperature are put
Line bacterium, the needle-shaped bacterium of 5%-10% nitric acid.
Further illustrate, it by root-growing agent+rape steroid gamma-lactone+water according to weight ratio is 3-5 that the taking root liquid, which is,:4-5:
30-50 is mixed.
Further illustrate, the Semen Cuscutae concentrate is to add 3-5 times of volume after fresh Semen Cuscutae removal of impurities is cleaned
Water decocts 20-30 minutes, filters to take the first filtrate, then carries out filter residue addition 75-85% (v/v) ethanol at 50-60 DEG C
Extraction 10-20 minutes, frequency of use are 20-50 hertz of ultrasonic wave assisted extraction, filtrate are filtered to take, then by filtrate and first
After filtrate merges, be concentrated under reduced pressure into 0.12 times of original volume, contain alkaloid >=31.16mg/g.
Further illustrate, the Chinese bulbul concentrate is after the Chinese bulbul is cleaned, and ultramicro grinding to particle diameter is 2-5 microns
Afterwards, extracted using chloroform, take chloroform layer, be subsequently added into 75-85% (v/v) ethanol solution and carry out extraction 5-10 minutes, together
When frequency of use be 50-80W microwave radiation exaraction, be then filtered under diminished pressure, obtain concentrating using traditional vacuum after filtrate
Method concentrates filtrate to 1.01 times of original volume, reaches 50.29mg/g-89.25mg/g containing saponin(e.
Further illustrate, the Chinese ephedra concentrate is after Chinese ephedra is cleaned, and adds 3-5 times of volume of water and carries out decoction 30-45
Minute, 0.2 times that thick liquid be concentrated under reduced pressure into original volume is obtained by filtration, is subsequently added into the progress of 75-85% (v/v) ethanol solution
Extraction 10-15 minute, while the microwave radiation exaraction that frequency of use is 50-80W, extracting extract after three layers of filtered through gauze, then makes
Carried out with rotary evaporator concentration method after being concentrated into 0.12 times of original volume, containing steroidal 15.25mg/g-26.58mg/g,
Flavones 12.36mg/g-27.18mg/g, cumarin 21.52mg/g-32.65mg/g.
Further illustrate, the concentrated chilli liquid is after capsicum is dried, and it is molten that 75-85% (v/v) ethanol is added after crushing
Liquid, the cellulose degrading enzyme of lignin-degrading enzymes and 5ml/l in ethanol solution also added with 5ml/l, carries out at 70-80 DEG C
When water-bath refluxing extraction 1-2 is small, after filtering to take filtrate be concentrated under reduced pressure after 0.12 times of original volume, contain capsaicine
256.25mg/g-364.59mg/g。
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. the present invention carries out the dual prevention of desinsection through undue spring in winter, the pest and disease damage rate of Ponkan is effectively reduced, and
Environmentally friendly noresidue, safety coefficient are high, and Semen Cuscutae concentrate+Chinese bulbul concentrate+Chinese ephedra concentrate+concentrated chilli liquid sprays combination
There is the effect of good pre- preventing disease and pest afterwards, there is obvious preventive effect to anthracnose, foot rot, aphid, mite class.
2. liquid manure used herein is designed after the applicant studies, for needed for Ponkan different growth periods
The constituent content of absorption matches the different designs liquid manure formula of different times, and finds the leaf for Ponkan after the liquid manure applied
Calcium constituent, the ferro element of on piece are obviously improved, and fruit tree leaf is beautiful, and the Optimum range of fruit tree, which changes, indirectly have impact on fruit
Real quality, the fruit of the technical solution plantation harvesting Jing Guo the application is found by research, compares and improves on total reducing sugar,
So as to improve the quality of the fruit of harvesting Ponkan.
Embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine in any way.This specification (including any accessory claim, summary)
Disclosed in any feature, unless specifically stated, can be replaced by other alternative features that are equivalent or have similar purpose.
I.e., unless specifically stated, each feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-yield planting method of Ponkan, including seedling treatment, selection of land, field planting and field management step：
S1 seedling treatments：It is seedling to select healthy and strong, disease-free Ponkan seedling, using taking root liquid to selected seedling before being colonized
Carry out being stained with root processing；
S2 selection of lands：Choose massif and carry out the staged reclamation of wasteland, each ladder height difference is 1 meter, the Ponkan of each ladder field planting
Spacing in the rows is 2 meters, carries out digging field planting hole before field planting, the depth in hole is 20 centimetres, width is 30 centimetres；
S3 is colonized：By the nursery stock after processing before field planting hole is colonized in, apply base manure in hole, earthing is tamped after field planting and is connect
It is 45% watering to humidity；
S4 field management, including fertilising, trimming leaf, shield flower and fruit：
Fertilising：The first secondary spring tip after field planting applies 70kg/ mu of the first liquid manure before sprouting, application in the 3rd day the after blossom fall
Two 80kg/ mus of liquid manure, apply 80kg/ mus of the 3rd liquid manure in August part, and 100kg/ mus of the second liquid manure is added in the October；
Trimming leaf：Periodically carry out beta pruning and repair leaf, it is up-small and down-big tree-like to keep tree crown being trimmed to；
Protect flower and fruit：Keep there are 500 flowers on a tree, if a number carries out flower thinning, if less than 500 progress of a number
Fruit retention processing；The fruit retention processing is sprayed after being mixed using 1.2mg/L gibberellin+1.0mg/L 6- benzylaminopurines
Fruit retention；
S5 deinsectization：Apply pulverized limestone in the winter time on ground, and spray lime sulfur；40wt% alkene pyridine pyrroles are used in spring
Aphid ketone+Semen Cuscutae concentrate+Chinese bulbul concentrate+Chinese ephedra concentrate+concentrated chilli liquid sprays, wherein, five kinds of materials are according to weight
The ratio for measuring percentage meter is dense for 15% alkene pyridine pymetrozine+20% Semen Cuscutae concentrate+20% Chinese ephedra of+25% Chinese bulbul concentrate
+ 20% concentrated chilli liquid of contracting liquid；It is shallow to planting site progress every 1 year during plantation to turn over, and improved the soil with quick lime.
The first above-mentioned liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times after with addition of
The ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l mixes：25% iron tailings sand, 15% maize straw, 15% bagasse, 15% rice straw,
15% manioc waste, 5% bacillus, 5% bifid thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 5% nitric acid.
The second above-mentioned liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times after with addition of
The ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l mixes：30% phosphorus tailing, 17% maize straw, 12% bagasse, 11% rice straw, 11%
Manioc waste, 7% bacillus pumilus, 6% bifid thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 6% nitric acid.
The 3rd above-mentioned liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times after with addition of
The ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l mixes：20% kaolinite tailing, 20% maize straw, 10% bagasse, 10% rice straw,
10% manioc waste, 10% bacillus, 10% bifid thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 10% nitric acid.
Above-mentioned taking root liquid be by root-growing agent+rape steroid gamma-lactone+water according to weight ratio be 5:5:50 mix.
Above-mentioned Semen Cuscutae concentrate is that the water for adding 3 times of volumes decocts 20 points after fresh Semen Cuscutae removal of impurities is cleaned
Clock, filters to take the first filtrate, and filter residue then is added 75% (v/v) ethanol carries out extraction 10 minutes, frequency of use at 50 DEG C
For 20 hertz of ultrasonic wave assisted extraction, filtrate is filtered to take, after then filtrate is merged with the first filtrate, is concentrated under reduced pressure into
0.12 times of original volume, contains alkaloid 31.16mg/g.
Above-mentioned Chinese bulbul concentrate is after the Chinese bulbul is cleaned, after ultramicro grinding to particle diameter is 2 microns, using chloroform into
Row extraction, takes chloroform layer, is subsequently added into 75% (v/v) ethanol solution and carries out extraction 5 minutes, while frequency of use is the micro- of 50W
Ripple assisted extraction, is then filtered under diminished pressure, and uses traditional vacuum concentration method to concentrate filtrate to original volume 1.01 after obtaining filtrate
Times, reach 50.29mg/g containing saponin(e.
Above-mentioned Chinese ephedra concentrate is after Chinese ephedra is cleaned, and adds 3 times of volume of water and decoct 30 minutes, is obtained by filtration thick
Liquid be concentrated under reduced pressure into 0.2 times of original volume, is subsequently added into 75% (v/v) ethanol solution and carries out extraction 10 minutes, makes at the same time
The microwave radiation exaraction for being 50W with frequency, extracting extract after three layers of filtered through gauze, is then carried out dense using rotary evaporator concentration method
After being reduced to 0.12 times of original volume, contain steroidal 15.25mg/g, flavones 12.36mg/g, cumarin 21.52mg/g.
Above-mentioned concentrated chilli liquid is that 75% (v/v) ethanol solution is added after crushing after capsicum is dried, in ethanol solution
The cellulose degrading enzyme of lignin-degrading enzymes and 5ml/l also added with 5ml/l, it is small to carry out water-bath refluxing extraction 1 at 70 DEG C
When, after filtering to take filtrate be concentrated under reduced pressure after 0.12 times of original volume, contain capsaicine 256.25mg/g.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-yield planting method of Ponkan, including seedling treatment, selection of land, field planting and field management step：
S1 seedling treatments：It is seedling to select healthy and strong, disease-free Ponkan seedling, using taking root liquid to selected seedling before being colonized
Carry out being stained with root processing；
S2 selection of lands：Choose massif and carry out the staged reclamation of wasteland, each ladder height difference is 1.2 meters, the Pon of each ladder field planting
Mandarin orange spacing in the rows is 3 meters, carries out digging field planting hole before field planting, the depth in hole is 40 centimetres, width is 40 centimetres；
S3 is colonized：By the nursery stock after processing before field planting hole is colonized in, apply base manure in hole, earthing is tamped after field planting and is connect
It is 50% watering to humidity；
S4 field management, including fertilising, trimming leaf, shield flower and fruit：
Fertilising：The first secondary spring tip after field planting applies 80kg/ mu of the first liquid manure before sprouting, application in the 3rd day the after blossom fall
Two 90kg/ mus of liquid manure, apply 100kg/ mus of the 3rd liquid manure in August part, and 150kg/ mus of the second liquid manure is added in the October；
Trimming leaf：Periodically carry out beta pruning and repair leaf, it is up-small and down-big tree-like to keep tree crown being trimmed to；
Protect flower and fruit：Keep there are 600 flowers on a tree, if a number carries out flower thinning, if less than 500 progress of a number
Fruit retention processing；The fruit retention processing is sprayed after being mixed using 1.8mg/L gibberellin+1.5mg/L 6- benzylaminopurines
Fruit retention；
S5 deinsectization：Apply pulverized limestone in the winter time on ground, and spray lime sulfur；50wt% alkene pyridine pyrroles are used in spring
Aphid ketone+Semen Cuscutae concentrate+Chinese bulbul concentrate+Chinese ephedra concentrate+concentrated chilli liquid sprays, wherein, five kinds of materials are according to weight
The ratio for measuring percentage meter is dense for 25% alkene pyridine pymetrozine+10% Semen Cuscutae concentrate+25% Chinese ephedra of+15% Chinese bulbul concentrate
+ 25% concentrated chilli liquid of contracting liquid；It is shallow to planting site progress every 1 year during plantation to turn over, and improved the soil with quick lime.
The first above-mentioned liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times after with addition of
The ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l mixes：20% iron tailings sand, 20% maize straw, 10% bagasse, 10% rice straw,
10% manioc waste, 10% bacillus, 10% bifid thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 10% nitric acid.
The second above-mentioned liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times after with addition of
The ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l mixes：15% phosphorus tailing, 18% maize straw, 14% bagasse, 14% rice straw, 14%
Manioc waste, 8% bacillus pumilus, 9% bifid thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 8% nitric acid.
The 3rd above-mentioned liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times after with addition of
The ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l mixes：30% kaolinite tailing, 18% maize straw, 11% bagasse, 12% rice straw,
11% manioc waste, 6% bacillus, 6% bifid thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 6% nitric acid.
Above-mentioned taking root liquid be by root-growing agent+rape steroid gamma-lactone+water according to weight ratio be 3:4:30 mix.
Above-mentioned Semen Cuscutae concentrate is that the water for adding 5 times of volumes decocts 30 points after fresh Semen Cuscutae removal of impurities is cleaned
Clock, filters to take the first filtrate, and filter residue then is added 85% (v/v) ethanol carries out extraction 20 minutes, frequency of use at 60 DEG C
For 50 hertz of ultrasonic wave assisted extraction, filtrate is filtered to take, after then filtrate is merged with the first filtrate, is concentrated under reduced pressure into
0.12 times of original volume, contains alkaloid 41.02mg/g.
Above-mentioned Chinese bulbul concentrate is after the Chinese bulbul is cleaned, after ultramicro grinding to particle diameter is 5 microns, using chloroform into
Row extraction, takes chloroform layer, is subsequently added into 85% (v/v) ethanol solution and carries out extraction 10 minutes, while frequency of use is the micro- of 80W
Ripple assisted extraction, is then filtered under diminished pressure, and uses traditional vacuum concentration method to concentrate filtrate to original volume 1.01 after obtaining filtrate
Times, reach 68.26mg/g containing saponin(e.
Above-mentioned Chinese ephedra concentrate is after Chinese ephedra is cleaned, and adds 5 times of volume of water and decoct 45 minutes, is obtained by filtration thick
Liquid be concentrated under reduced pressure into 0.2 times of original volume, is subsequently added into 85% (v/v) ethanol solution and carries out extraction 15 minutes, makes at the same time
The microwave radiation exaraction for being 80W with frequency, extracting extract after three layers of filtered through gauze, is then carried out dense using rotary evaporator concentration method
After being reduced to 0.12 times of original volume, contain steroidal 21.26mg/g, flavones 20.36mg/g, cumarin 29.51mg/g.
Above-mentioned concentrated chilli liquid is that 85% (v/v) ethanol solution is added after crushing after capsicum is dried, in ethanol solution
The cellulose degrading enzyme of lignin-degrading enzymes and 5ml/l also added with 5ml/l, it is small to carry out water-bath refluxing extraction 2 at 80 DEG C
When, after filtering to take filtrate be concentrated under reduced pressure after 0.12 times of original volume, contain capsaicine 312.28mg/g.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-yield planting method of Ponkan, including seedling treatment, selection of land, field planting and field management step：
S1 seedling treatments：It is seedling to select healthy and strong, disease-free Ponkan seedling, using taking root liquid to selected seedling before being colonized
Carry out being stained with root processing；
S2 selection of lands：Choose massif and carry out the staged reclamation of wasteland, each ladder height difference is 1.1 meters, the Pon of each ladder field planting
Mandarin orange spacing in the rows is 2.2 meters, carries out digging field planting hole before field planting, the depth in hole is 30 centimetres, width is 32 centimetres；
S3 is colonized：By the nursery stock after processing before field planting hole is colonized in, apply base manure in hole, earthing is tamped after field planting and is connect
It is 48% watering to humidity；
S4 field management, including fertilising, trimming leaf, shield flower and fruit：
Fertilising：The first secondary spring tip after field planting applies 73kg/ mu of the first liquid manure before sprouting, application in the 3rd day the after blossom fall
Two 85kg/ mus of liquid manure, apply 88kg/ mus of the 3rd liquid manure in August part, and 120kg/ mus of the second liquid manure is added in the October；
Trimming leaf：Periodically carry out beta pruning and repair leaf, it is up-small and down-big tree-like to keep tree crown being trimmed to；
Protect flower and fruit：Keep there are 550 flowers on a tree, if a number carries out flower thinning, if less than 500 progress of a number
Fruit retention processing；The fruit retention processing is sprayed after being mixed using 1.4mg/L gibberellin+1.2mg/L 6- benzylaminopurines
Fruit retention；
S5 deinsectization：Apply pulverized limestone in the winter time on ground, and spray lime sulfur；43wt% alkene pyridine pyrroles are used in spring
Aphid ketone+Semen Cuscutae concentrate+Chinese bulbul concentrate+Chinese ephedra concentrate+concentrated chilli liquid sprays, wherein, five kinds of materials are according to weight
The ratio for measuring percentage meter is dense for 20% alkene pyridine pymetrozine+15% Semen Cuscutae concentrate+15% Chinese ephedra of+20% Chinese bulbul concentrate
+ 30% concentrated chilli liquid of contracting liquid；It is shallow to planting site progress every 1 year during plantation to turn over, and improved the soil with quick lime.
The first above-mentioned liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times after with addition of
The ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l mixes：15% iron tailings sand, 19% maize straw, 14% bagasse, 14% rice straw,
14% manioc waste, 8% bacillus, 8% bifid thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 8% nitric acid.
The second above-mentioned liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times after with addition of
The ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l mixes：20% phosphorus tailing, 20% maize straw, 10% bagasse, 10% rice straw, 10%
Manioc waste, 10% bacillus pumilus, 10% bifid thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 10% nitric acid.
The 3rd above-mentioned liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times after with addition of
The ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l mixes：15% kaolinite tailing, 18% maize straw, 14% bagasse, 14% rice straw,
14% manioc waste, 8% bacillus, 9% bifid thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 8% nitric acid.
Above-mentioned taking root liquid be by root-growing agent+rape steroid gamma-lactone+water according to weight ratio be 4:4:45 mix.
Above-mentioned Semen Cuscutae concentrate is that the water for adding 4 times of volumes decocts 23 points after fresh Semen Cuscutae removal of impurities is cleaned
Clock, filters to take the first filtrate, and filter residue then is added 78% (v/v) ethanol carries out extraction 13 minutes, frequency of use at 55 DEG C
For 30 hertz of ultrasonic wave assisted extraction, filtrate is filtered to take, after then filtrate is merged with the first filtrate, is concentrated under reduced pressure into
0.12 times of original volume, contains alkaloid 51.08mg/g.
Above-mentioned Chinese bulbul concentrate is after the Chinese bulbul is cleaned, after ultramicro grinding to particle diameter is 3 microns, using chloroform into
Row extraction, takes chloroform layer, is subsequently added into 78% (v/v) ethanol solution and carries out extraction 6 minutes, while frequency of use is the micro- of 60W
Ripple assisted extraction, is then filtered under diminished pressure, and uses traditional vacuum concentration method to concentrate filtrate to original volume 1.01 after obtaining filtrate
Times, reach 89.25mg/g containing saponin(e.
Above-mentioned Chinese ephedra concentrate is after Chinese ephedra is cleaned, and adds 4 times of volume of water and decoct 37 minutes, is obtained by filtration thick
Liquid be concentrated under reduced pressure into 0.2 times of original volume, is subsequently added into 79% (v/v) ethanol solution and carries out extraction 12 minutes, makes at the same time
The microwave radiation exaraction for being 60W with frequency, extracting extract after three layers of filtered through gauze, is then carried out dense using rotary evaporator concentration method
After being reduced to 0.12 times of original volume, contain steroidal 26.58mg/g, flavones 27.18mg/g, cumarin 32.65mg/g.
Above-mentioned concentrated chilli liquid is that 79% (v/v) ethanol solution is added after crushing after capsicum is dried, in ethanol solution
The cellulose degrading enzyme of lignin-degrading enzymes and 5ml/l also added with 5ml/l, carries out water-bath refluxing extraction 1.2 at 73 DEG C
Hour, after filtering to take filtrate be concentrated under reduced pressure after 0.12 times of original volume, contain capsaicine 364.59mg/g.
Embodiment 4
A kind of high-yield planting method of Ponkan, including seedling treatment, selection of land, field planting and field management step：
S1 seedling treatments：It is seedling to select healthy and strong, disease-free Ponkan seedling, using taking root liquid to selected seedling before being colonized
Carry out being stained with root processing；
S2 selection of lands：Choose massif and carry out the staged reclamation of wasteland, each ladder height difference is 1.15 meters, the Pon of each ladder field planting
Mandarin orange spacing in the rows is 2.8 meters, carries out digging field planting hole before field planting, the depth in hole is 37 centimetres, width is 38 centimetres；
S3 is colonized：By the nursery stock after processing before field planting hole is colonized in, apply base manure in hole, earthing is tamped after field planting and is connect
It is 48% watering to humidity；
S4 field management, including fertilising, trimming leaf, shield flower and fruit：
Fertilising：The first secondary spring tip after field planting applies 78kg/ mu of the first liquid manure before sprouting, application in the 3rd day the after blossom fall
Two 87kg/ mus of liquid manure, apply 96kg/ mus of the 3rd liquid manure in August part, and 135kg/ mus of the second liquid manure is added in the October；
Trimming leaf：Periodically carry out beta pruning and repair leaf, it is up-small and down-big tree-like to keep tree crown being trimmed to；
Protect flower and fruit：Keep there are 580 flowers on a tree, if a number carries out flower thinning, if less than 500 progress of a number
Fruit retention processing；The fruit retention processing is sprayed after being mixed using 1.7mg/L gibberellin+1.4mg/L 6- benzylaminopurines
Fruit retention；
S5 deinsectization：Apply pulverized limestone in the winter time on ground, and spray lime sulfur；50wt% alkene pyridine pyrroles are used in spring
Aphid ketone+Semen Cuscutae concentrate+Chinese bulbul concentrate+Chinese ephedra concentrate+concentrated chilli liquid sprays, wherein, five kinds of materials are according to weight
The ratio for measuring percentage meter is dense for 18% alkene pyridine pymetrozine+18% Semen Cuscutae concentrate+22% Chinese ephedra of+22% Chinese bulbul concentrate
+ 20% concentrated chilli liquid of contracting liquid；It is shallow to planting site progress every 1 year during plantation to turn over, and improved the soil with quick lime.
The first above-mentioned liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times after with addition of
The ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l mixes：30% iron tailings sand, 16% maize straw, 11% bagasse, 11% rice straw,
11% manioc waste, 8% bacillus, 6% bifid thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 7% nitric acid.
The second above-mentioned liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times after with addition of
The ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l mixes：25% phosphorus tailing, 15% maize straw, 15% bagasse, 15% rice straw, 15%
Manioc waste, 5% bacillus pumilus, 5% bifid thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 5% nitric acid.
The 3rd above-mentioned liquid manure according to following material quality percentage meter ferment retting after be diluted with water 80 times after with addition of
The ammonium phosphate of 100ml/l mixes：25% kaolinite tailing, 15% maize straw, 15% bagasse, 15% rice straw,
15% manioc waste, 5% bacillus pumilus, 5% bifid thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 5% nitric acid.
Further illustrate, the taking root liquid be by root-growing agent+rape steroid gamma-lactone+water according to weight ratio be 3:5:40 mixing
Form.
Further illustrate, the Semen Cuscutae concentrate is the water that 4 times of volumes are added after fresh Semen Cuscutae removal of impurities is cleaned
Decocting 28 minutes, filter to take the first filtrate, filter residue then is added 82% (v/v) ethanol carries out extraction 18 minutes at 57 DEG C,
Frequency of use is 45 hertz of ultrasonic wave assisted extraction, filters to take filtrate, after then filtrate is merged with the first filtrate, is subtracted
Pressure is concentrated into 0.12 times of original volume, contains alkaloid 45.21mg/g.
Further illustrating, the Chinese bulbul concentrate is after the Chinese bulbul is cleaned, after ultramicro grinding to particle diameter is 4 microns,
Extracted using chloroform, take chloroform layer, be subsequently added into 82% (v/v) ethanol solution and carry out extraction 7 minutes, while frequency of use
For the microwave radiation exaraction of 70W, then it is filtered under diminished pressure, uses traditional vacuum concentration method to concentrate filtrate to original after obtaining filtrate
1.01 times of volume, reaches 82.35mg/g containing saponin(e.
Further illustrating, the Chinese ephedra concentrate is after Chinese ephedra is cleaned, and adds 4 times of volume of water and decoct 42 minutes,
0.2 times that thick liquid be concentrated under reduced pressure into original volume is obtained by filtration, 82% (v/v) ethanol solution is subsequently added into and carries out 14 points of extraction
Clock, while the microwave radiation exaraction that frequency of use is 73W, extracting extract after three layers of filtered through gauze are then dense using rotary evaporator
Contracting method is carried out after being concentrated into 0.12 times of original volume, contains steroidal 23.54mg/g, flavones 26.38mg/g, cumarin
29.27mg/g。
Further illustrating, the concentrated chilli liquid is after capsicum is dried, and 82% (v/v) ethanol solution is added after crushing,
The cellulose degrading enzyme of lignin-degrading enzymes and 5ml/l in ethanol solution also added with 5ml/l, carries out water-bath time at 78 DEG C
When stream extraction 1.7 is small, after filtering to take filtrate be concentrated under reduced pressure after 0.12 times of original volume, contain capsaicine
348.27mg/g。
Experiment one：
To 1-4 of embodiment of the present invention implantation methods in Guilin Lipu farm, it is divided into the field of 6 cells, a cell
Area be 300 square metres, three repetitions of a cell, be respectively adopted embodiment 1-4 implantation methods carry out, comparative example 1 with
Embodiment 4 is essentially identical, and difference is that comparative example 2 is substantially the same manner as Example 4 using insecticide is purchased on the market in spring,
Difference is to carry out insect prevention diseases prevention using 43wt% alkene pyridines pymetrozine in spring.
Find that the Ponkan sapling of the implantation methods culture using the application has good disease resistance by following table record, from
And resistance is strong after crop field is colonized, generation pest and disease damage probability is small (the probability statistics that disease occurs see the table below), and survival rate is high,
It is the key factor increased income, and the probability that pest and disease damage occurs is few, and a major reason increased income.
1 disease rate situation table disease rate % of table
| Resident time | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 |
| 30 days | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 | 0.5 |
| 90 days | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 0.8 |
| 120 days | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 1.2 | 0.8 |
| 200 days | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
Remarks：Disease rate %=onset areas/cultivated area
The probability that disease occurs using the culture medium of the application as seen from the above table is far smaller than control group.And by above-mentioned
It is present that the record of defect phenomenon does not occur anthracnose, foot rot, aphid, the pest and disease damage of mite class than embodiment 1-4, it was demonstrated that uses
Technical scheme has obvious preventive effect in prevention anthracnose, foot rot, aphid, mite class.
Randomly select 5 fruits of each cell, be sent into food inspection station and be detected, using containing in the pericarp of this programme
Pesticide residue rate is up to standard, and the technical solution pesticide residue rate of the application that compares in comparative example 1 improves 0.6-1.2%,
The technical solution pesticide residue rate of the application that compares in comparative example 2 improves 0.7-1.3%, but comparative example 1-2's is residual
Stay rate also up to standard, but the technical solution of the application is lower in pesticide residue rate.
The test of pesticide effectiveness：
Difference substantially the same manner as Example 4 is that spring killing pests and preventing diseases spray comprised only for ten thousand longevity respectively to comparative example 3-7 respectively
Chrysanthemum concentrate, felwort concentrate, marigold concentrate, Chinese ephedra concentrate, the liquid preparation of concentrated chilli liquid, investigation method：
The fixed 3 points of investigation of each cell before dispenser, every is investigated 1 square metre, investigates apid population radix；Investigated twice after dispenser, point
Not three days and fortnight after administration.
Table 2
Note：The different property that represents that there were significant differences in 5% level of lowercase in table, capitalization is different to be represented 1%
Property that there were significant differences in level.
As seen from the above table, the scheme room disease of comparative example 1-4 has good effect, and the comparative example that compares 2-7 is single to be made
Raw material is not up to the effect of the lasting drug effect of desinsection.
Experiment two：
To 1-4 of embodiment of the present invention implantation methods in Guilin Lipu farm, it is divided into the field of 6 cells, a cell
Area be 300 square metres, three repetitions of a cell, be respectively adopted embodiment 1-4 implantation methods carry out, comparative example 1 with
Embodiment 4 is essentially identical, difference be liquid manure all using market purchase chicken manure fermenting agent compost make compost biological liquid fertilizer by
Book sprays as directed.
Use for laboratory deionized water is taken back in leaf sample leaf sample 24h to clean, the equal 105 DEG C of water-removings of leaf sample
After 15min, 65 DEG C drying to constant weight, and sample to be tested is made after pulverizing, the measure for Mineral Elements Content.Phosphorus measure is adopted
Disappeared with Sulfuric-acid-hydrogen-peroxide and boil vanadium molybdenum Huang colorimetric method, calcium, iron prepare sample using dry ashing method, ICP method measures.
The fruit sample of collection takes 5 fruits using quartering, measures fruit longitudinal and transverse demeter with vernier caliper, uses sodium hydroxide
Titration measuring titratable acid, Fei Linshi volumetric determination total reducing sugars, TZ62 hand refractometers measure soluble solid content.
Table 3
| Iron/(mg/kg) | Phosphorus/% | Calcium/% | |
| Embodiment 1 | 179.78±21.08a | 0.25±0.02a | 1.81±0.03b |
| Embodiment 2 | 168.52±32.27a | 0.18±0.01a | 2.05±0.03b |
| Embodiment 3 | 148.07±29.28a | 0.20±0.02a | 1.69±0.05b |
| Embodiment 4 | 180.12±22.34a | 0.22±0.03a | 1.90±0.03b |
| Comparative example 1 | 112.12±20.89a | 0.11±0.02a | 1.30±0.02a |
| Comparative example 2 | 124.12±25.15a | 0.10±0.03a | 1.38±0.03a |
Note：With after column data between different letter expressions processing difference up to 5% level of signifiance.
As seen from the above table, the liquid manure absorptivities different in different times application in the application compare not targetedly
Apply the fertilizer of element-specific, contained constituent content higher in blade；Compare between the ferro element and P elements of application
It is not relevant not occur significant difference, compare ferro element and calcium constituent/between P elements and calcium constituent there are significant difference,
Prove when applying the proportioning of embodiment, plant leaf blade absorbs the active highest of ferro element, P elements and calcium constituent, and iron member
Element or P elements can promote the absorption of calcium constituent.
Table 4
| Fruit mass/g | Pericarp quality/g | Peel thickness/mm | |
| Embodiment 1 | 201±11b | 12±1a | 2.15±0.12a |
| Embodiment 2 | 235±15b | 14±3a | 2.05±0.10a |
| Embodiment 3 | 250±10b | 16±2a | 2.12±0.12a |
| Embodiment 4 | 283±9b | 16±2a | 2.14±0.11a |
| Comparative example 1 | 145±12a | 18±2a | 2.58±0.15a |
Note：With after column data between different letter expressions processing difference up to 5% level of signifiance.
Higher than comparative example 1 using the fruit mass of embodiment 1-4 in terms of upper table, pericarp quality is suitable, and peel thickness is implemented
Example 1-4 is thinner, it was demonstrated that the fruit obtained using the technical solution of embodiment 1-4 has the advantages that significantly to increase production, in pericarp not
The quality of pulp is improved in the case of increased, and then improves the fruit quality of Ponkan, there is good economic value.
Table 5
| Soluble solid/% | Total reducing sugar/(g/l) | Titratable acid (g/l) | Vitamin C/(mg/l) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 12.8±1.3a | 100.5±6.8b | 11.3±2.0a | 342±45b |
| Embodiment 2 | 13.9±1.2a | 112.0±5.7b | 11.4±1.8a | 357±50b |
| Embodiment 3 | 15.5±1.1b | 115.9±8.2b | 11.3±1.6a | 389±49b |
| Embodiment 4 | 17.2±1.3b | 124.6±6.3b | 11.5±1.9a | 405±34b |
| Comparative example 1 | 11.3±1.2a | 92.4±5.2a | 11.4±2.5a | 307±34a |
As can be known from the above table, soluble soluble solids, total sugar content, the vitamin C contained in comparative example 1-4 compares comparative example 1
Be improved, be not much different in titratable acid content, from the content ratio of titratable acid and total reducing sugar in terms of sugar-acid ratio implement
1-4 is than 1 higher of comparative example for example, has more preferable quality.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, equal change or the modification change completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, should all belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of high-yield planting method of Ponkan, it is characterised in that including seedling treatment, selection of land, field planting and field management step：
S1 seedling treatments：It is seedling to select healthy and strong, disease-free Ponkan seedling, and selected seedling is carried out using taking root liquid before being colonized
It is stained with root processing；
S2 selection of lands：Choose massif and carry out the staged reclamation of wasteland, each ladder height difference is 1-1.2 meters, the Ponkan of each ladder field planting
Spacing in the rows is 2-3 meter, carries out digging field planting before field planting and cheats, the depth in hole is 20-40 centimetres, width is 30-40 centimetres；
S3 is colonized：By the nursery stock after processing before field planting hole is colonized in, apply base manure in hole, earthing is tamped after field planting and is then poured
Water to humidity is 45-50%；
S4 field management, including fertilising, trimming leaf, shield flower and fruit：
Fertilising：The first secondary spring tip after field planting applies 70-80kg/ mu of the first liquid manure before sprouting, application in the 3rd day the after blossom fall
Two 80-90kg/ mus of liquid manure, apply 80-100kg/ mus of the 3rd liquid manure in August part, and the second liquid manure 100- is added in the October
150kg/ mus；
Trimming leaf：Periodically carry out beta pruning and repair leaf, it is up-small and down-big tree-like to keep tree crown being trimmed to；
Protect flower and fruit：Keep having 500-600 flower on a tree, if a number carries out flower thinning, if less than 500 progress of a number
Fruit retention processing；The fruit retention processing is using after the mixing of 1.2-1.8mg/L gibberellin+1.0-1.5mg/L 6- benzylaminopurines
Carry out spraying fruit retention；
S5 deinsectization：Apply pulverized limestone in the winter time on ground, and spray lime sulfur；40-50wt% alkene pyridine pyrroles are used in spring
Aphid ketone+Semen Cuscutae concentrate+Chinese bulbul concentrate+Chinese ephedra concentrate+concentrated chilli liquid sprays, wherein, five kinds of materials are according to weight
Measure percentage meter ratio for 15-25% alkene pyridine pymetrozine+10-20% Semen Cuscutae concentrate+15-25% Chinese bulbuls concentrate+
15-25% Chinese ephedra concentrate+20-30% concentrated chilli liquids；During plantation every 1 year to planting site carry out it is shallow turn over, and with give birth to stone
Ash is improved the soil.
2. the high-yield planting method of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first liquid manure is according to following original
The ammonium phosphate being diluted with water after material mass percentage fermentation retting after 80 times with addition of 100ml/l mixes：15%-30% iron
CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND, 15%-20% maize straws, 10%-15% bagasse, 10%-15% rice straws, 10%-15% manioc wastes,
5%-10% bacillus, 5%-10% bifids thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 5%-10% nitric acid.
3. the high-yield planting method of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that second liquid manure is according to following original
The ammonium phosphate being diluted with water after material mass percentage fermentation retting after 80 times with addition of 100ml/l mixes：15%-30% phosphorus
Tailing, 15%-20% maize straws, 10%-15% bagasse, 10%-15% rice straws, 10%-15% manioc wastes, 5%-
10% bacillus pumilus, 5%-10% bifids thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 5%-10% nitric acid.
4. the high-yield planting method of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 3rd liquid manure is according to following original
The ammonium phosphate being diluted with water after material mass percentage fermentation retting after 80 times with addition of 100ml/l mixes：15%-30% high
Ridge stone tailing, 15%-20% maize straws, 10%-15% bagasse, 10%-15% rice straws, 10%-15% manioc wastes,
5%-10% bacillus, 5%-10% bifids thermophilic actinomycete, the needle-shaped bacterium of 5%-10% nitric acid.
5. the high-yield planting method of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the taking root liquid be by root-growing agent+
Rape steroid gamma-lactone+water is 3-5 according to weight ratio:4-5:30-50 is mixed.
6. the high-yield planting method of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Semen Cuscutae concentrate is will be new
After fresh Semen Cuscutae removal of impurities is cleaned, the water for adding 3-5 times of volume decocts 20-30 minutes, the first filtrate is filtered to take, then by filter residue
Add 75-85% (v/v) ethanol and extraction 10-20 minutes is carried out at 50-60 DEG C, frequency of use is 20-50 hertz of ultrasonic wave
Assisted extraction, filters to take filtrate, after then filtrate is merged with the first filtrate, be concentrated under reduced pressure into 0.12 times of original volume i.e.
Can, contain alkaloid >=31.16mg/g.
7. the high-yield planting method of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Chinese bulbul concentrate is will be white
After head father-in-law's removal of impurities, after ultramicro grinding to particle diameter is 2-5 microns, is extracted using chloroform, take chloroform layer, be subsequently added into 75-
85% (v/v) ethanol solution carries out extraction 5-10 minutes, while the microwave radiation exaraction that frequency of use is 50-80W, then carries out
It is filtered under diminished pressure, uses traditional vacuum concentration method to concentrate filtrate to 1.01 times of original volume after obtaining filtrate, reach containing saponin(e
50.29mg/g-89.25mg/g。
8. the high-yield planting method of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Chinese ephedra concentrate is by Chinese ephedra
After removal of impurities, add 3-5 times of volume of water and decoct 30-45 minutes, thick liquid is obtained by filtration and carries out being concentrated under reduced pressure into the 0.2 of original volume
Times, it is subsequently added into 75-85% (v/v) ethanol solution and carries out extraction 10-15 minutes, while the microwave that frequency of use is 50-80W is auxiliary
Help extraction, extracting extract after three layers of filtered through gauze, then using rotary evaporator concentration method be concentrated into 0.12 times of original volume
Afterwards, containing steroidal 15.25mg/g-26.58mg/g, flavones 12.36mg/g-27.18mg/g, cumarin 21.52mg/g-
32.65mg/g。
9. the high-yield planting method of Ponkan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the concentrated chilli liquid is by capsicum
After drying, 75-85% (v/v) ethanol solution is added after crushing, lignin-degrading enzymes in ethanol solution also added with 5ml/l and
The cellulose degrading enzyme of 5ml/l, carried out at 70-80 DEG C water-bath refluxing extraction 1-2 it is small when, filter to take depressurize after filtrate it is dense
After 0.12 times of contracting original volume, contain capsaicine 256.25mg/g-364.59mg/g.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102408264A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-04-11 | 贵州大学 | Organic fertilizer prepared by waste phosphate tailing powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN105766538A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-07-20 | 博白县锦兴水果种植专业合作社 | Cultivation method of sugar oranges |
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2017
- 2017-11-22 CN CN201711170974.4A patent/CN107926427A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102408264A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-04-11 | 贵州大学 | Organic fertilizer prepared by waste phosphate tailing powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN105766538A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-07-20 | 博白县锦兴水果种植专业合作社 | Cultivation method of sugar oranges |
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