CN107923475A - 隔振装置 - Google Patents

隔振装置 Download PDF

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CN107923475A
CN107923475A CN201680048726.XA CN201680048726A CN107923475A CN 107923475 A CN107923475 A CN 107923475A CN 201680048726 A CN201680048726 A CN 201680048726A CN 107923475 A CN107923475 A CN 107923475A
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installation component
elastic portion
liquid chamber
rigid section
isolation mounting
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CN107923475B (zh
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小岛宏
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Prologia Co ltd
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Bridgestone Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/14—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially
    • F16F13/1418—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially characterised by the location or shape of the equilibration chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/14—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/14—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially
    • F16F13/1445—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially characterised by method of assembly, production or treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/14—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially
    • F16F13/1463—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially characterised by features of passages between working chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/14—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially
    • F16F13/1481—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially characterised by features of plastic springs, e.g. presence of cavities or stiffeners; characterised by features of flexible walls of equilibration chambers, i.e. membranes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • F16F15/08—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
    • F16F2224/02—Materials; Material properties solids
    • F16F2224/025—Elastomers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2234/00—Shape
    • F16F2234/02—Shape cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2236/00—Mode of stressing of basic spring or damper elements or devices incorporating such elements
    • F16F2236/04—Compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2238/00—Type of springs or dampers
    • F16F2238/04—Damper

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Devices Of Dampers And Springs (AREA)

Abstract

隔振装置(10)设置有：筒状的外侧安装构件(11)；内侧安装构件(12)；一对主体橡胶(13)，其用于使外侧安装构件(11)与内侧安装构件(12)连结，并且配置成在沿着外侧安装构件(11)的中心轴线(O)延伸的轴向上彼此间隔开；以及分隔部(15)，其用于使外侧安装构件(11)与内侧安装构件(12)连结，并且在轴向上将一对主体橡胶(13)之间的液室(25)分隔成第一液室(26)和第二液室(26)。分隔部(15)设置有：环状的刚体部(30)，其形成有用于使第一液室(26)与第二液室(27)连通的限制通路(33)；和环状的弹性部(29)，其在径向上与刚体部(30)相连。弹性部(29)在径向上被压缩变形并且与刚体部(30)在非粘接状态下接触。

Description

隔振装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种隔振装置。
本申请要求2015年9月2日递交的日本专利申请2015-172499号的优先权，通过引用将其内容并入本文。
背景技术
传统上，已知诸如在例如下述的专利文献1中记载的隔振装置。该隔振装置包括：筒状的外侧安装构件；内侧安装构件，其设置在外侧安装构件的内侧；一对主体橡胶，其使外侧安装构件与内侧安装构件连结并且配置成在沿着外侧安装构件的中心轴线的轴向上间隔开；以及分隔部，其使外侧安装构件与内侧安装构件连结并且在轴向上将一对主体橡胶之间的液室分隔成第一液室和第二液室。分隔部包括：环状的刚体部，其形成有使第一液室与第二液室连通的限制通路；以及环状的弹性部，其在径向上与刚体部相连。
根据该隔振装置，当输入振动时，液体往复通过第一液室和第二液室之间的限制通路，从而衰减和吸收所输入的振动。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2011-196453号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
然而，前述的传统隔振装置具有输入振动时弹簧常数倾向于增大的问题。
鉴于前述情况做出本发明，本发明的目的是抑制输入振动时弹簧常数的增大。
用于解决问题的方案
为了解决上述问题并实现所述目的，本发明的隔振装置包括：筒状的外侧安装构件，其连结至振动产生部和振动接收部中的一方；内侧安装构件，其设置在所述外侧安装构件的内侧并且连结至所述振动产生部和所述振动接收部中的另一方；一对主体橡胶，其使所述外侧安装构件与所述内侧安装构件连结，并且配置成在沿着所述外侧安装构件的中心轴线的轴向上间隔开；以及分隔部，其使所述外侧安装构件与所述内侧安装构件连结，并且在所述轴向上将所述一对主体橡胶之间的液室分隔成第一液室和第二液室。所述分隔部包括环状的刚体部和环状的弹性部，所述刚体部形成有使所述第一液室与所述第二液室连通的限制通路，在从所述轴向观察时的平面图中所述弹性部在与所述中心轴线正交的径向上与所述刚体部相连。所述弹性部在所述径向上被压缩变形并且与所述刚体部在非粘接状态下接触。
发明的效果
根据本发明，能够抑制输入振动时弹簧常数的增大。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方式的隔振装置的纵截面图。
具体实施方式
以下，将参照附图说明根据本发明的实施方式的隔振装置10。
如图1所示，隔振装置10是供液体(例如，乙二醇、水、硅油等)封在内部的所谓的液体封入型隔振装置。隔振装置10适用于例如驾驶室支座(cabin mount)等。
隔振装置10包括：筒状的外侧安装构件11，其连结至未示出的振动产生部和振动接收部中的一方；内侧安装构件12，其设置在外侧安装构件11的内侧并且连结至振动产生部和振动接收部中的另一方；一对主体橡胶13，其使外侧安装构件11与内侧安装构件12连结，并且配置成在沿着外侧安装构件11的中心轴线O的轴向上间隔开；以及分隔部15，其使外侧安装构件11与内侧安装构件12连结，并且在轴向上将一对主体橡胶13之间的液室25分隔成第一液室26和第二液室27。
以下，在从轴向观察的平面图中，与中心轴线O正交的方向将被称为径向，绕着中心轴线O的方向将被称为周向。
外侧安装构件11包括主体筒11a、嵌合在主体筒11a的上端部内侧的上环体11b以及嵌合在主体筒11a的下端部内侧的下环体11c。
内侧安装构件12形成为配置成与中心轴线O同轴的筒状。内侧安装构件12的两轴向端部从外侧安装构件11向轴向外侧突出。内侧安装构件12的两轴向端部具有向径向外侧突出并绕着整周延伸的凸缘部12a。
一对主体橡胶13形成为具有环状并且配置成与中心轴线O同轴。主体橡胶13的内周部硫化粘接到内侧安装构件12，主体橡胶13的外周部硫化粘接到外侧安装构件11。主体橡胶13的内周部在从内侧安装构件12的轴向端部的外周面跨到凸缘部12a的区域内连接为一体。一对主体橡胶13的外周部分别连结至外侧安装构件11的上环体11b和下环体11c。
另外，在本实施方式中，分隔部15包括环状的刚体部30和环状的弹性部29，其中刚体部30形成有使第一液室26与第二液室27连通的限制通路33，弹性部29在径向上与刚体部30相连。弹性部29在径向上被压缩变形并且与刚体部30在非粘接状态下接触。单个分隔部15在轴向上设置在一对主体橡胶13之间。第一液室26和第二液室27均形成为环状且均绕着整周连续延伸，并且各设置一个。
刚体部30绕着整周连续延伸。刚体部30嵌合在位于外侧安装构件11的主体筒11a的内侧、上环体11b与下环体11c之间的区域中。刚体部30的两轴向端开口缘分别与上环体11b的下端缘和下环体11c的上端缘液密接触。限制通路33形成于刚体部30的外周面。
弹性部29由橡胶材料形成并且绕着整周连续延伸。弹性部29的沿着轴向的纵截面是矩形。弹性部29硫化粘接到内侧安装构件12的外周面并且嵌合在刚体部30的内侧。弹性部29与一对主体橡胶13形成为一体。作为其结果，内侧安装构件12的外周面在其整个区域覆盖有橡胶材料。
刚体部30形成有向径向内侧突出且与弹性部29的外周面接触的突出部31。突出部31的轴向纵截面是矩形。弹性部29与突出部31的内周面(顶面)32的接触面积小于突出部31的内周面32的面积。突出部31的内周面32的轴向尺寸大于弹性部29的外周面的轴向尺寸。弹性部29的外周面相对于突出部31的内周面32位于轴向内侧。
突出部31的内周面32的两轴向端部分别形成有绕着整周连续延伸或断续延伸的突条部32a。这些突条部32a防止突出部31的内周面32与弹性部29的外周面之间的相对轴向移位。
如上所述，根据本实施方式的隔振装置10，当输入振动时，一对主体橡胶13弹性变形。此外，第一液室26和第二液室27内的液压变动使得液体往复通过第一液室26和第二液室27之间的限制通路33，从而衰减和吸收所输入的振动。此时，弹性部29未与刚体部30粘接但是在径向上被压缩变形并且与刚体部30在非粘接状态下接触。因此，不仅弹性部29变形，而且弹性部29与刚体部30之间的相对移位也是可能的。作为其结果，分别发生在第一液室26和第二液室27内的液压变动被缓和，并且能够抑制输入振动时弹簧常数的增大。
当输入大振幅的振动时，弹性部29与刚体部30分离，并且能够允许第一液室26和第二液室27通过该间隙直接连通，从而能够甚至更确实地抑制前述的弹簧常数的增大。还可能的是，即使在输入大振幅的振动时也不允许弹性部29与刚体部30之间的分离。
由于刚体部30形成有突出部31，所以能够在限制弹性部29在径向上的尺寸的同时确保弹性部29在径向上被压缩变形至特定量。因此，在实现稳定的隔振性能的同时，提高了弹性部29在轴向上的抗弯刚性。
弹性部29与突出部31的内周面32的接触面积小于突出部31的内周面32的面积，从而确保了突出部31在轴向上具有足够的刚性。此外，能够防止当液室25内的液压升高并且弹性部29变形或移位时弹性部29从刚体部30松脱。
由于形成限制通路33的刚体部30设置在弹性部29的径向外侧，所以能够容易地获得限制通路33的足够流路长度，并且能够获得易于调节的隔振装置10。
由于弹性部29与主体橡胶13形成为一体，所以能够容易地形成隔振装置10。
本发明的技术范围不被理解为限于上述实施方式，而是能够在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内添加各种变更。
例如，在上述实施方式中示出了如下构造：第一液室26和第二液室27均形成为环状且绕着整周连续延伸，并且各设置一个。然而，还可能的是，沿周向将第一液室26和第二液室27划分成多个部分，并且在分隔部内形成使多个被划分的第一液室与多个被划分的第二液室单独连通的的多个限制通路。
代替上述实施方式，还能够例如使用弹性部硫化粘接到外侧安装构件的内周面并且刚体部嵌合在该弹性部内的构造。
刚体部30不需要形成有突出部31。
代替上述实施方式，还能够例如将弹性部29与突出部31的内周面32的接触面积设定为突出部31的内周面32的面积以上。
弹性部29可以构造成与主体橡胶13分离。
突出部31的内周面32不需要形成有突条部32a。
隔振装置10不限于用于车辆的驾驶室底座。本发明还可以适用于例如车辆用的发动机支座和套筒、搭载于建筑机械的发电机用的支座以及安装在工厂中的机器用的支座等。
除此之外，在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内，前述实施方式中的构成要素可以适当地替换成已知的构成要素，或者前述变型例可以适当地组合。
产业上的可利用性
根据本发明的隔振装置，能够抑制输入振动时弹簧常数的增大。
附图标记说明
10 隔振装置
11 外侧安装构件
12 内侧安装构件
13 主体橡胶
15 分隔部
25 液室
26 第一液室
27 第二液室
29 弹性部
30 刚体部
31 突出部
32 内周面(顶面)
33 限制通路
O 中心轴线

Claims (5)

1.一种隔振装置，其包括：
筒状的外侧安装构件，其连结至振动产生部和振动接收部中的一方；
内侧安装构件，其设置在所述外侧安装构件的内侧并且连结至所述振动产生部和所述振动接收部中的另一方；
一对主体橡胶，其使所述外侧安装构件与所述内侧安装构件连结，并且配置成在沿着所述外侧安装构件的中心轴线的轴向上间隔开；以及
分隔部，其使所述外侧安装构件与所述内侧安装构件连结，并且在所述轴向上将所述一对主体橡胶之间的液室分隔成第一液室和第二液室，其中
所述分隔部包括环状的刚体部和环状的弹性部，所述刚体部形成有使所述第一液室与所述第二液室连通的限制通路，在从所述轴向观察时的平面图中所述弹性部在与所述中心轴线正交的径向上与所述刚体部相连，并且
所述弹性部在所述径向上被压缩变形并且与所述刚体部在非粘接状态下接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的隔振装置，其特征在于，所述刚体部形成有在所述径向上朝向所述弹性部侧突出并与所述弹性部接触的突出部。
3.根据权利要求2所述的隔振装置，其特征在于，
所述突出部的表面包括在所述径向上面对所述弹性部侧的顶面；
所述弹性部与所述顶面接触；并且
所述弹性部与所述顶面的接触面积小于所述顶面的面积。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的隔振装置，其特征在于，所述弹性部嵌合在所述刚体部的内侧。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的隔振装置，其特征在于，所述弹性部与所述主体橡胶一体地形成。
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