CN107921529B

CN107921529B - Casting device

Info

Publication number: CN107921529B
Application number: CN201680047919.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M·布安德克尔; T·拉特纳; M·西宾格; R·韦伯
Original assignee: Fair Co ltd
Current assignee: Fair Co ltd
Priority date: 2015-06-15
Filing date: 2016-06-15
Publication date: 2021-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2036-06-15
Also published as: WO2016201479A1; CN110214061A; WO2016201478A1; EP3307457A1; DE202016008514U1; AT517421B1; ES2788155T3; DE202016008518U1; EA034025B1; EA201890055A1; AT517421A1; CN107921529A; EP3307457B1; HUE049763T2; EA034833B1; EA201890056A1; HUE049271T2; EP3307458A1; CN205869434U; ES2786679T3

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) and a casting device (10) for low-pressure casting or counter-pressure casting, wherein the casting device (10) has at least one lower chamber (3) for at least one furnace (4) and at least one upper chamber (5) for at least one casting mold, and the lower chamber (3) and the upper chamber (5) are separated from each other by at least one lower clamping die plate (15) for holding a lower part (22) of the at least one casting mold, the lower clamping die plate (15) being mounted so as to be movable in the vertical direction.

Description

Casting device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a casting device for low-pressure casting or counter-pressure casting.

The invention further relates to a device for producing a workpiece by means of low-pressure casting or counter-pressure casting.

Background

In casting technology, in particular for producing castings with high physical and mechanical characteristic values, in particular made of light metal alloys, a device with a casting device is used, in particular for casting under pressure generated by a gas phase.

The actual casting process takes place both in the low-pressure casting process and in the counter-pressure casting process by means of a riser pipe, through which the melt is conveyed upwards into the casting mould.

However, in the case of the counter-pressure casting method, the melt in the furnace is pressurized by the pressure difference in order to be conveyed upwards into the casting mold, in that the gas pressure in the casting mold is slightly reduced. As a result, an overpressure is generated in the casting furnace, which overpressure is sufficient for raising the melt into the casting mold.

Casting devices of the type mentioned at the outset are known from DE1583663a1 and JPH 0252160A. Other related casting machines are described in WO2011/003396a1 and CN 103962528A.

A casting device and an apparatus of this type are also known, for example, from DE102010026480a 1. In the known solutions, the clamping templates separating the lower and upper chambers are mounted in a fixed position and cannot be changed in their position. To connect the furnace and the mold through the riser, the furnace is raised after the furnace is positioned in the lower chamber. However, this has the disadvantage that, on the one hand, very large masses must be moved and, on the other hand, this procedure is relatively time-consuming for the rapid exchange of the melting furnace for the new casting process. A further disadvantage is that in the known solutions two lifting mechanisms or drives are required, since not only the furnace but also the upper clamping shoe must be moved. This also increases the construction height considerably.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is therefore to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.

To this end, the invention proposes a casting device for low-pressure casting or counter-pressure casting, wherein the casting device has at least one lower chamber for at least one furnace and at least one upper chamber for at least one casting mold, and the lower chamber and the upper chamber are separated from one another by at least one lower clamping platen for fixing a lower part of the at least one casting mold, wherein the lower clamping platen is arranged so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction, wherein the upper chamber has an upper clamping platen for an upper part of the at least one casting mold, which upper clamping platen is mounted so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction and is connected to a first connecting element, wherein the lower clamping platen is connected to a second connecting element, wherein each of the first connecting elements is brought into engagement with a corresponding connecting element of the second connecting element by vertical displacement of the upper clamping platen in the direction of the lower clamping platen, the upper clamping shoe is connected to an actuator for raising and lowering the upper clamping shoe, which is designed as a piston/cylinder unit, characterized in that the piston of the piston/cylinder unit is connected to the upper clamping shoe and the working cylinder of the piston/cylinder unit is arranged and supported below the respectively associated piston.

Due to the vertical movability of the lower clamping shoe, said lower clamping shoe can be moved upwards, thereby increasing the space in the lower chamber for operating the furnace. In this way, the furnace can be positioned in the chamber and removed again in a simple manner. It is furthermore possible that the furnace positioned in the lower chamber is connected to the casting mould without it being vertically raised, by lowering the upper clamping plate. It is to be noted here that the lower chamber and the upper chamber can each be hermetically, in particular hermetically, sealed. The upper and/or lower chambers may also be evacuated or filled with a protective gas. Furthermore, the solution according to the invention saves a second drive for raising the furnace, whereby the construction height can also be reduced considerably.

The engagement of the upper clamping shoe with the actuator has the advantage that the upper clamping shoe can be moved not only relative to the lower clamping shoe but also jointly with the latter. The movement of the upper clamping shoe independently of the lower clamping shoe is advantageous, mainly when equipping the upper chamber with a casting mould, because the space of the upper chamber available for the equipment can be increased by raising the upper clamping shoe. The molds in the chambers can thus be lifted from the upper clamping jaw plate in the closed state (upper and lower parts being connected to each other) and loaded onto the trolley by means of the robot. The upper clamping shoe can be connected to the upper part of the closed casting mould when the upper chamber is equipped. By lowering the upper clamping jaw plate, the casting mould can be brought into connection with the lower clamping jaw plate and the upper part of the casting mould can be disconnected from the lower part in case of need. The joint movement of the lower and upper clamping shoe is advantageous, as already explained above, primarily in the assembly of the lower chamber with the furnace and the removal of the furnace therefrom.

The arrangement according to the invention of the piston/cylinder unit makes it possible to achieve a small overall height, since the piston presses the upper clamping jaw upward. In another arrangement, the piston draws the clamp plate upward and the cylinder must be positioned suspended above the clamp plate, thereby increasing the structural height. In this variant of the invention, it is also possible to achieve a greater force acting on the piston than in the arrangement in which the upper die plate is pulled upwards by the piston, since the force can be applied to the entire usable cross section of the piston, and not only to the annular surface.

According to an advantageous variant of the invention, provision can be made for: the at least one lower clamping shoe has at least one riser for connecting the at least one melting furnace and the at least one casting mold. The arrangement of the riser on the lower clamping shoe has the advantage that the riser is raised together by raising the lower clamping shoe, whereby the riser can be removed very quickly from the area of the furnace and the furnace can be changed very quickly. In this case, it is particularly advantageous if the lower edge of the riser pipe rises above the upper edge of the furnace, since the furnace can then be removed from or inserted into the chamber in the horizontal direction without the obstruction of the riser pipe. However, it is also possible to realize the riser pipe to move separately from the clamping templates, instead of the assembly of the riser pipe on the lower clamping template.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, provision can be made for: the upper chamber has an upper clamping shoe for an upper part of the at least one casting mould. The upper clamping jaw plate can have a holding element and, if appropriate, a media interface for the upper part of the casting mold.

Particularly preferably, the upper die plate is mounted so as to be movable in the vertical direction and is connected to first connecting elements, wherein the lower die plate is connected to the second connecting elements, wherein each of the first connecting elements engages with a corresponding connecting element of the second connecting elements by a vertical movement of the upper die plate in the direction of the lower die plate. This variant of the invention has the advantage that the upper and lower clamping jaws can be moved together. Therefore, the lower clamp plate can be raised or lowered together by the raising or lowering movement of the upper clamp plate. Furthermore, this is advantageous in view of reducing the drive elements necessary for the movement of the clamping template. In addition, the movement of the two clamping jaws can be synchronized in this way with little effort, which is advantageous, in particular, when the furnace and/or the casting mold arranged thereon are to be replaced quickly.

In the case of a secure connection of the upper and lower clamping jaws, it is particularly advantageous if each of the first connecting elements forms a form-locking and/or force-locking closure with the associated second connecting element. The locking can be disengaged again if required and, for example, the upper die plate can be moved relative to the lower die plate. It is particularly advantageous if one of the two connecting elements latches into the other connecting element if the two connecting elements are moved into each other or if the two connecting elements are moved into each other. This enables a very fast and automated connection of the lower and upper clamping templates by the vertical movement of the upper clamping template only.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the casting device can be a vertical casting device having a carrier with a support column which is arranged between a base plate and a roof structure of the casting device, wherein the roof structure has an x-shaped basic shape. The thermally induced stresses can be reduced particularly well by the particular design of the roof structure without jamming, as can be the case in the plate-shaped design of the roof structure. Furthermore, the x-shaped roof structure enables particularly good accessibility of the casting device from above.

According to the invention, the above-mentioned object can also be achieved with a device of the type mentioned at the outset in that the device has at least one casting device according to the invention.

In order to increase the productivity of the plant, it can be provided that: at least two casting devices are provided, which are arranged next to one another at a distance, wherein a robot for handling workpieces is arranged between the casting devices. Furthermore, the robot can carry out further process steps, such as core insertion, layer application, mold cleaning and/or testing processes (for example by means of a camera). Furthermore, the device can have at least one guide on which at least one carriage is arranged for transporting the furnace between the supply station and the at least one casting device.

In terms of production time, it is particularly advantageous if the skid has at least two floors arranged one above the other, wherein the lower floor is provided for transporting the furnace and the upper floor is provided for transporting the at least one casting mold.

Drawings

For a better understanding of the present invention, it is explained in detail with the aid of the following figures.

In each case very simple schematic representation:

fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an apparatus according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a front view of a casting station of the apparatus of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 shows a side view of the casting station of fig. 2.

Detailed Description

It is to be noted that, in the case of the different described embodiments, identical components are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosure contained in the entire description can be transferred to identical components having the same reference numerals or the same component names in a meaningful manner. The positional references selected in the description, such as upper, lower, lateral, etc., refer also to the directly described and illustrated figures and are to be read into the new position in the sense of a change in position.

The plant 1 for producing workpieces by means of low-pressure casting or counter-pressure casting, which is schematically illustrated in fig. 1, has a casting station 2 with two casting devices 10 arranged side by side at a distance. Such a casting station or such a casting device 10 is schematically illustrated in fig. 2 and 3. Each of the casting devices 10 has a sealable, in particular hermetically sealable, lower chamber 3 and a sealable, in particular hermetically sealable, upper chamber 5, which are separated from one another by a lower clamping template 15. According to the invention, the lower clamping jaw 15 can be displaced in the vertical direction. The clamping jaws can be mounted, for example, on a base frame of the casting device 10 so as to be movable in the vertical direction.

In the lower chamber 3a melting furnace 4 with melt can be arranged. In the upper chamber 5, for example, a substantially horizontally running casting mold can be arranged, wherein the casting mold can have a lower part, which is schematically illustrated in fig. 2 and is provided there with the reference numeral 22, which can be arranged on the lower die plate 15, and an upper part, which is not illustrated, which can be arranged on the upper die plate 12. The upper clamping jaw plate 12 may have interfaces 13 and 11, such as a holder for the upper part of the casting mould and a media connection, in particular for swinging the upper part outwards for easier access by the user. In the region of the lower clamping shoe 12, a pulling device 14, which is referred to as a core pulling device, can be provided, for example, for changing the position of the core.

The upper clamping jaw 12 is mounted so as to be movable in the vertical direction, for example on a base frame of the casting device 10, and is connected to a first connecting element, which is designated by reference numeral 17 in fig. 3. The lower clamping jaw 15 is connected with a second connecting element, which is provided with reference numeral 16 in fig. 3. Each of the first connecting elements 17 can be brought into engagement with a corresponding connecting element of the second connecting elements 16 by a vertical displacement of the upper clamping shoe 12 in the direction of the lower clamping shoe 15. Each of the first connecting elements 17 forms a form-locking and/or force-locking closure with the associated second connecting element 16. The locking can be unlocked again, for example, electronically actuated, so that the connecting

elements

16 and 17 can be released again from one another. The closure can have, for example, an electronically actuated locking mechanism.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the second connecting element 16 is in the form of a pin and the associated first connecting element 17 is in the form of a lock. By lowering the upper die plate 12 in the direction of the lower die plate 15, the pin is locked in a lock, for example an electromechanical lock, and the upper die plate 12 and the lower die plate 15 are connected to one another, so that the lower die plate 15 can be raised by the movement of the upper die plate 12 and can also be lowered again.

The upper clamping shoe 12 may be connected to an actuator 24 for raising or lowering the upper clamping shoe 12. In the embodiment shown, the actuator 24 is designed as a piston/cylinder unit, in particular as a hydraulic cylinder. Here, the piston 26 of the piston/cylinder unit is connected to the upper clamping shoe 12. The working cylinder 25 of the piston/cylinder unit is arranged and supported below the associated piston 26, for example on a support of the casting device 10.

According to fig. 1, the casting device 10 can be designed as a vertical casting device having a support with a support 27, which is arranged between a base plate 28 and a roof structure 19 of the casting device 10. In the embodiment shown, the roof construction 19 has an x-shaped basic shape. The casting device with the top plate shown in fig. 1 is an optionally independent embodiment of the casting device, which can also be implemented independently of the arrangement of the movable lower clamping jaw plate 15 and of the other essential features of the invention.

According to fig. 2, the furnace 4, which is provided with melt, and the mold cavity, which in the closed state is formed by two mold parts, are connected to each other by means of a riser 23, which can be fitted on the lower clamping plate 15. In the illustrated embodiment, the riser tube 23 follows the movement of the lower jaw plate 15.

Between the two casting devices 10 arranged next to one another at a distance in fig. 1 and 2, a robot 21 for handling workpieces can be arranged.

Furthermore, a guide 28 can be provided, which in the example shown is realized by a rail system on which a carriage 6 is provided for receiving or taking out and for transporting or conveying the furnace 4.

The carriage 6 is here moved back and forth between the casting device 10 and a supply location remote from the casting device, for example a station 8 for preparing the melt.

In fig. 3 it is shown how the trolley stays in front of the casting device 10 in order to transport the furnace 4 filled with melt from its furnace positioning position into the casting device 10 not yet provided with a furnace 4. The trolley 6 has previously received the furnace 4 at station 8 leaving a void. According to fig. 1, the carriage 6 has a further furnace positioning point 29. This makes it possible to replace an empty melting furnace 4 provided in the casting device 10 with a melting furnace 4 filled with melt in a time-saving manner. The carriage 6 first receives the melt 4 filled with melt from the station 8 in the first furnace positioning location 20 and then moves towards the casting device 10, in order there to receive the empty melt 4 into the second furnace positioning location 29 which is still empty, and then conveys the melt 4 provided with melt from the first furnace positioning location 20 into the furnace-less casting device 10, in order finally to carry the empty melt 4 which has been received to the station 8, in order that it can be conveyed into the empty space of the station 8 for renewed filling with melt.

The carriage 6 can have two floors arranged one above the other, wherein the lower floor is provided for transporting the furnace 4 and the upper floor 18 is provided for transporting at least one casting mold. For receiving the moulds, the trolley 6 can be stopped in the platform 9 and the moulds provided there can be transported from the platform 9 into the upper plane. Next, the trolley loaded with the furnace 4 and the ingot mould can be moved towards one of the casting devices 10. The transfer of the moulds to and from the trolley 6 can be carried out by means of a tool cart 7.

Finally, it is pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure of the device according to the invention, the device or its components are not shown to scale and/or enlarged and/or reduced in part.

List of reference numerals

1 apparatus

2 casting station

3 chamber

4 furnace

5 chamber

6 pulley

7 tool vehicle

8 station

9 platform

10 casting device

11 interface

12-clamp template

13 interface

14 traction device

15 clamping template

16 connecting element

17 connecting element

18 bottom plate

19 top structure

20 furnace positioning position

21 manipulator

22 lower part

23 rising pipe

24 actuator

25 working cylinder

26 piston

27 support post

28 guide part

29 furnace positioning position

Claims

1. Casting device (10) for low-pressure casting or counter-pressure casting, wherein the casting device (10) has at least one lower chamber (3) for at least one melting furnace (4) and at least one upper chamber (5) for at least one casting mold, and the lower chamber (3) and the upper chamber (5) are separated from one another by at least one lower clamping jaw (15) for fixing a lower part (22) of the at least one casting mold, wherein the lower clamping jaw (15) is arranged displaceably in the vertical direction, wherein the upper chamber (5) has an upper clamping jaw (12) for an upper part of the at least one casting mold, wherein the upper clamping jaw (12) is mounted displaceably in the vertical direction and is connected to a first connecting element (17), wherein the lower clamping jaw (15) is connected to a second connecting element (16), wherein each of the first connecting elements (17) engages with a corresponding connecting element of the second connecting elements (16) by means of a vertical displacement of the upper clamping shoe (12) in the direction of the lower clamping shoe (15), the upper clamping shoe (12) being connected to an actuator (24) for raising or lowering the upper clamping shoe, the actuator (24) being designed as a piston/cylinder unit, characterized in that the piston (26) of the piston/cylinder unit is connected to the upper clamping shoe (12) and the working cylinder (25) of the piston/cylinder unit is arranged and supported below the respective associated piston (26).

2. Casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (24) is configured as a hydraulic cylinder.

3. A casting arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one lower clamping shoe (15) has at least one riser (23) for connecting the at least one furnace (4) with the at least one casting mould.

4. The casting device according to claim 3, characterized in that each first connecting element (17) forms a form-locking and/or force-locking closure with the associated second connecting element (16).

5. Casting device according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the casting device (10) is a vertical casting device having a support with a pillar (27) arranged between a base plate (28) and a roof structure (19) of the casting device (10), wherein the roof structure (19) has an x-shaped basic shape.

6. Apparatus (1) for producing workpieces by means of low-pressure casting or counter-pressure casting, characterized in that it has at least one casting device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that at least two casting devices (10) are provided, which are arranged side by side at a distance, wherein at least one robot (21) for handling workpieces is arranged between the casting devices (10).

8. The apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it has at least one guide on which at least one trolley (6) is arranged for transporting the furnace (4) between the supply station (8) and the at least one casting device (10).

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the trolley (6) has at least two floors arranged one above the other, wherein the lower floor is provided for transporting the furnace (4) and the upper floor (18) is provided for transporting the at least one casting mold.