CN107920340A - 分布式多频带无线网络系统 - Google Patents

分布式多频带无线网络系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107920340A
CN107920340A CN201710937810.3A CN201710937810A CN107920340A CN 107920340 A CN107920340 A CN 107920340A CN 201710937810 A CN201710937810 A CN 201710937810A CN 107920340 A CN107920340 A CN 107920340A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
access point
wlan
wireless access
frequency
radio
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN201710937810.3A
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English (en)
Inventor
佩曼·阿米尼
约瑟夫·阿麦兰·劳尔·伊曼纽尔
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Netgear Inc
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Netgear Inc
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Application filed by Netgear Inc filed Critical Netgear Inc
Publication of CN107920340A publication Critical patent/CN107920340A/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
    • G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/42—Determining position
    • G01S19/45—Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement
    • G01S19/46—Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement the supplementary measurement being of a radio-wave signal type
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
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    • G01S5/0289—Relative positioning of multiple transceivers, e.g. in ad hoc networks
    • G—PHYSICS
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Abstract

公开了用于WLAN网络的专用控制信道。多个接入点联网在一起，并且传送通过回程信道传播WLAN所必需的数据，然而，每个接入点上的专用无线电用于在接入点之间传送控制信息。控制信息通过不同于客户面的信道或频带的控制信道和回程信道进行通信。在一些实施例中，控制信道为1GHz以下。

Description

分布式多频带无线网络系统
相关申请交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年10月10日提交的美国临时专利申请号为62/406,325的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
背景技术
无线接入点使用多个通信协议使用频带内的可变频率信道向多个设备广播信息。一种这样的协议是IEEE 802.11，更熟知地被称为WiFi。WiFi对连接设备提供互联网访问，并且还提供设备之间的网络内通信。为了增加WiFi网络的范围，通常采用多个接入点。多个接入点彼此之间需要一些协调，并以无线方式进行通信，以实现此协调。
可用于接入点的另一种协议类型是机器到机器协议。最著名的这样的协议通常被称为蓝牙。机器到机器协议允许在与WiFi类似的频带上通信，尽管机器对机器协议倾向于具有显著更低的功率和频率信道大小。
由接入点支持的无线网络固有的问题通常与范围和干扰有关。
发明内容
这里介绍的是多频带(例如，2.4GHz，5GHzm等)的无线网络系统及其操作方法。扩展机器对机器(M2M)协议的范围的解决方案涉及在接入点之间的WiFi传输中隧道化M2M通信，从而使指令能够从相同的WLAN网络内的任何位置或从互联网传送到M2M设备。
协调无线网络系统的干扰的解决方案包括在主要数据传输或大多数其他设备未使用的频率上路由具有较低数据大小的某些协调命令，并且具有比主数据传输频率更长的距离。
在一些实施例中，多频带无线网络系统包括多个无线网络设备。网络设备或接入点，包括多个无线电。无线电之一用于在无线网络设备之间传输网络控制信息。控制信道处于1GHz以下(Sub 1GHz)频率。控制信道与在每个接入点之间传输网络数据的回程信道是分开的。无论网络中的回程信道的拓扑如何，控制信道可能由于1GHz以下频率的大范围而处于完全连接的拓扑中。
所公开的实施例的其他方面将从附图和详细描述中变得明显。
提供本发明内容以便以简化形式中引入概念的选择，其在具体实施例中进行进一步的解释。本发明内容不旨在标识所要求保护的主题的关键特征或基本特征，也不旨在用于限制所要求保护的主题的范围。
附图说明
图1是接入点的框图。
图2示出了在接入点之间传送控制信号的方法的流程图。
图3示出了示出网状拓扑中的多个同时通信方法的网络的示例。
图4示出了示出中心辐射型拓扑中的多个同时通信方法的网络的示例。
图5示出了示出链路/环状拓扑中的多个同时通信方法的网络的示例。
图6是示出了用专用控制信道组织和配置无线网络的方法的流程图。
图7是包括连接设备和控制设备之间的通信的多种配置的网络图的图示。
图8是示出在连接设备上接收协议隧道化指令的方法的流程图。
图9是示出利用网络化控制设备控制连接设备的方法的流程图。
图10是示出通过网络在两个连接设备之间进行通信的方法的流程图。
图11是示出不同网络上连接设备之间的通信方法的流程图。
图12是示出未知网络上的控制设备与已知网络上的IoT(物联网)设备之间的通信方法的流程图。
图13是示出使用协议隧道消息的安全性的方法的流程图。
具体实施例
以下阐述的实施例表示使本领域技术人员能够实施实施例并说明实施实施例的最佳方式的必要信息。在参考附图阅读以下描述后，本领域技术人员将理解本公开的概念，并且将认识到在这里没有具体解决的这些概念的应用。应当理解，这些概念和应用落入本公开和所附权利要求的范围内。
本文使用的术语的目的仅仅是用于描述实施例，而不意图限制本公开的范围。在上下文允许的情况下，使用单数或复数形式的单词也可分别包括复数形式或单数形式。
如本文所使用的，除非另有具体说明，诸如“处理”、“计算”、“算出”、“确定”、“显示”、“产生”等术语是指计算机或类似的电子计算设备的动作和处理，其操纵和变换表示为计算机存储器或寄存器内的物理(电子)量的数据转换为类似地表示为计算机的存储器、寄存器或其他这样的存储介质、传输或显示设备中的物理量的其他数据。
如本文所使用的，诸如“连接”、“耦合”等术语是指在两个或多个元件之间的直接或间接的任何连接或耦合。元件之间的耦合或连接可以是物理的、逻辑的或它们的组合。
多频无线网络系统
多频带无线网络系统(此处也称为“系统”)包括多个无线网络设备。系统的每个无线网络设备(此处也称为“接入点”或“节点”)具有用于多个(例如，三到五个)无线频带上的无线通信的多个(例如，三到五个)无线电组件。系统动态地并且自动地选择系统无线地连接到客户端设备(这里也称为“客户端”)的信道。在一些实施例中，每个客户端设备以不同的无线信道无线地连接到系统。
无线网络设备中的至少一个连接到互联网并用作路由器(也称为“基站”)。剩余的无线网络设备作为通过专用无线信道无线连接到路由器的卫星。多频无线网络系统的一个例子是系统。
图1是无线接入点20的框图。当系统上电时，系统进行初始信道选择。然后系统根据调度进行信道更改。如果需要立即信道更改(例如，特定频道上的突发干扰)，则系统也进行实时频道更改。
在一些实施例中，系统的无线接入点20(此处也称为“AP”)包括用于多个无线频带的无线电组件，例如1Ghz以下无线电22、2.4GHz频带无线电24、M2M 2.4Ghz无线电26、5GHz低频无线电28和5GHz高频无线电30。AP 20还包括用于执行程序逻辑的处理器32，包括由处理器32执行的指令36的数字存储器或存储器34。每个AP 20包括用于连接到有线网络并且向系统提供对互联网的整体访问的网络接口38，尽管通常仅基本单元或基本AP实际上被连接。这些部件使用通信总线40进行通信。
1G以下无线电22和5Ghz高频无线电30可以专用于系统的AP 20之间的无线通信。系统的AP20之间的无线通信被称为回程通信。一般来说，回程通信通常涉及两种不同类型的通信：协调和控制通信(“控制信号”)以及传播遍及整个网络的数据的通信。这些通信的后者带宽密集度更高。这是因为这些通信包括通过网络下载和上传的所有文件、流媒体内容、视频游戏数据和其他大型通信。为了本公开的目的，AP之间的数据密集部分通信将继续被称为“回程”通信，并且控制和协调通信被称为“控制信号”通信。
其他频带可用于系统的AP 20和客户端设备之间的无线通信。客户端设备可以通过多种协议进行通信。系统的无线网络设备和客户端设备之间的无线通信称为前传通信。这些无线电也被称为“客户面(Client Facing)”。
在一些实施例中，使用2.4GHz频带无线电24，2.4Ghz M2M协议无线电和5GHz低频无线电28用于前传通信。例如，当2.4GHz频段无线电24用于前传通信时，系统的每个AP可以在2.4GHz频带中的不同信道上工作(一个频带可以包括多个信道)。对每个单元的最佳信道的决定可以根据例如网络拓扑、每个单元的每个信道上的干扰AP数量、每个单元的每个信道的噪声、每个单元的干扰持续时间作为时间的百分比，每个单元支持的网络业务的类型等各种因素做出。
如果数据回程信道(例如，5GHz高频带中的信道)下降，则将2.4GHz频带用作系统的单元之间的数据回程通信的备份。例如，如果在卫星模式下操作的AP 20检测到5GHz高频带中的回程信道不再可用(例如，由于强干扰)，则该单元的2.4GHz无线电组件切换到扫描模式以寻找2.4GHz信道的其中一个信道上的上行链路连接，以及另一个单元工作在路由器模式。
如果存在可用于单元的多个干净信道，则该单元选择与其附近的其他单元干扰较小的干净信道。基于干扰的功能、AP的数量和/或其他参数来定义客户端信道。如果信道的功能小于阈值，则信道是干净的信道。有各种方法来检测附近的单元。例如，一种方法使用单元之间的网络拓扑来检测附近的单元。来自其他单位的信标功率用于检测附近的单位。在一些实施例中，单元使用网络拓扑和信标功率的组合来检测系统的附近的其他单元。
AP 20通过专用回程信道与其他单元通信前传信道选择。在一些实施例中，具有较高优先级网络业务的单元在与其他单元相比选择前传信道时具有更高的优先级。
AP 20的系统以集中方式或分布式方式做出关于前传信道选择的决定。以分布式方式，每个单元为自己决定信道选择。例如，在一些实施例中，基站单元首先选择前传信道。然后，每个卫星AP 20在基站单元建立与基站单元的回程链路之后选择前传信道。系统根据一些常规的调度优化信道选择。在一些实施例中，处理较高优先级的网络业务的单元在系统启动期间或在调度的信道优化期间具有比其他AP 20选择前传信道更高的优先级。
以集中的方式，基站AP 20对系统的所有AP 20进行信道选择的决定。这可以通过控制信号来传送。每个卫星AP 20建立与基站单元的专用控制信号链路，并扫描前传频段中的信道。每个卫星AP 20向基站单元发送有关前传信道候选者的详细信息。详细信息包括例如在前传频带中的所有信道上的扫描结果和在前传频带中的所有信道上的干扰。基站AP在其他控制通信中随着时间的推移周期性地进行信道选择的集中决定。
专用控制信道
在一些实施例中，系统使用专用信道(例如，在2.4GHz或5GHz频带之外)用于控制信号通信。例如，系统的AP 20可以使用433MHz至928MHz之间的频率。在这个范围内是两个受监管的工业、科学和医疗(ISM)频带。这两个频带被偶然地称为433MHz频带和900MHz频带。这些频带实际上在433.05MHz-434.79MHz和902MHz-928Mhz之间。该频率范围通常比2.4GHz频带或5GHz频带更少使用，结果是较少的设备使用433-928MHz。比较不使用的一个原因是由于波长明显更长(电磁辐射在数据的每个波长的周期中循环的时间更长)，该频率范围携带较少的信息。然而，波长较大的另一个结果是通信具有比在其他无线电24-30中以相同功率(通常达到一英里)使用的频带更长的范围。在通过控制信号发送消息的情况下，权衡是有益的。
专用控制信道用于传送关键消息。关键消息是那些能够进行网络级决策的基本场所的网络的AP之间达成一致的消息。关于控制信号的通信可以包括：桥接器更新(例如，客户端被关联的位置)、新接入点的配置、向每个AP分配信道、为客户端漫游协调、定时同步、范围测量和/或用于定位的AP之间的同步。
关于客户端漫游，当客户端从一个AP漫游到另一个AP时，每个AP需要知道客户端在哪里。因此，当给定的AP接收到该客户端的分组时，该AP将其转发到正确的目的地AP。
专用控制信道也用于配置。例如，系统使用控制信道将新的单元添加到系统的网络，而不必经过WiFi的标准处理，该标准处理需要更长的时间并且容易受到干扰和分组丢失。在控制信道上定义接口，当系统管理员批准添加新单元(AP)时，该接口可以使系统网络上的当前单元(AP)配置新单元(AP)。
为了避免干扰和堵塞(无意或恶意)，系统在不同信道之间进行跳频。AP包括仅用于与系统的控制和管理相关的通信的该专用信道的无线的无线电组件。专用控制无线电增强了系统单元之间的网络，因为2.4GHz或5GHz的WiFi信道经常具有间歇性问题。通过周期性变化的频率发送控制信号会降低堵塞的危险。
具有用于跳频的特定模式产生用于控制信号的控制协议。这也有助于保护网络的安全。外部接入点不能访问网络系统，除非每个都包含专用控制信号，以便对网络的其余部分正确配置。
如果卫星单元从2.4GHz或5GHz WiFi网络脱机，系统的单元仍然彼此发信号，指示卫星单元从WiFi网络中掉线。这是可行的，因为控制信道具有比2.4GHz或5GHz WiFi网络更长的范围。系统的单元也通过专用控制信道相互发信号通知回程信道的改变。
图2是示出在接入点之间传送控制信号的方法的流程图。这是对该方法的简单解释。在步骤202中，AP的网络在客户面的频率(例如2.4GHz和5GHz)上广播无线局域网(“WLAN”)。这通过在另一组频率(例如5GHz频带中的最高信道)的数据回程被促进。
在步骤204中，AP在客户面的频带之外的频率上彼此之间传送控制信号。在一些实施例中，控制信号在诸如433MHz频带或900Mhz频带的1Ghz以下频带上操作。
图3示出了示出网状拓扑中的多个同时通信方法的网络300的示例。网络300包括7个接入点或节点。N-1到N-7。为了说明的目的，节点N-1至N-7被任意布置。已经选择节点N-1作为到互联网的有线连接所在的节点。因此，也将N-1分配为基站单元。
网络300中示出的每个通信的范围并不意在表示可用的实际范围。网络300具有网状拓扑。这基于回程通信(粗线)的连接是明显的。每个节点N-1到N-7连接到范围内的所有相邻节点。然而，控制信号(虚线)将每个节点直接连接到每个其他节点。这通常被称为完全连接的拓扑或仅仅是直接连接拓扑。这可以通过控制信号无线电22的增加的范围来实现。
如果网络300在节点数量上被扩展，使得网络300的大小显著增加，则控制信号无线电22不具有与在网络300的最远节点之间进行通信的范围是可行的。然而，这并不是绝大多数情况下的问题。在一些实施例中，给出与其他无线电相似的功率使用的控制信号具有大于1英里的范围。
图4示出了网络400的示例，其示出了中心辐射型(hub-and-spoke)拓扑中的多个同时通信方法。网络400类似于图3的网络300，仅使用不同的回程拓扑。图4用于说明不管回程拓扑如何，专用控制信号可以类似地被采用。
图5示出了示出菊链拓扑中的多个同时通信方法的网络500的示例。5GHz回程无线电传输不太可能从菊链的一端到另一端(例如N-1到N-7或N-5)。然而，1GHz以下专用控制信道几乎可以达到任何合理的配置。因此，专用控制信道仍处于完全连接的拓扑中。图5用于说明不管回程拓扑如何，专用控制信号可以被类似地采用。
图6是示出用专用控制信道组织和配置无线网络的方法的流程图。在步骤602中，第一接入点建立WLAN。在步骤604中，新的接入点加入WLAN。为了做到这一点，这些接入点经由控制信号无线电配置在第一接入点和后续接入点之间的通信。无论为回程信道选择了任何拓扑，这些通信都是直接的。
在步骤606中，已经被配置的WLAN的AP经由回程信道彼此连接。可以使用本领域中任何合适的已知方法来确定拓扑。促进拓扑确定所需的通信使用控制信号进行。在步骤608中，在专用控制信号信道上管理网络的继续功能。
协议隧道
存在各种类型的协议在系统的回程信道上桥接(隧道化)。例如，物联网(IoT)协议或机器对机器(M2M)协议是可以通过AP的回程信道桥接的低数据速率协议。IoT或M2M协议的例子有蓝牙、蓝牙低功耗、ZigBee、RFID和Zwave。这些协议隧道的优点是扩展具有非常有限范围的M2M协议的范围。通过在回程信道上承载，使用M2M协议的设备可以在原始M2M协议无法处理的远距离上通信。同样地，蓝牙扩展用于诸如M2M应用或音频应用的各种应用。
图7是网络图的图示，包括连接设备和控制设备之间的多个通信配置。与之前的附图一样，该网络有7个节点N1-N7。节点N1具有到互联网的有线连接，如点划线所示。节点N1的互联网连接通过网格拓扑中的回程信道与节点N2至N7共享，如粗实线所示，尽管其他拓扑结构也合适。额外连接到互联网是节点N8，其在与节点N17分离的网络上。
连接在所代表的所有网络上的是由圈表示的多个IoT设备和由矩形表示的控制设备(例如，具有操作系统和GUI的用户操作的设备，诸如笔记本电脑、平板电脑、智能电话等)。使用M2M协议的连接由细点划线表示。使用WiFi协议的连接由虚线表示。IoT设备由D1-D8单独识别。控制设备由C1-C4识别。图7的设备和网络旨在提供后续图中方法的结构图。
使用隧道技术，系统扩展了诸如窗口传感器、门传感器、热传感器、移动传感器等的周边传感器的广播范围。传感器连接到系统的最近的单元。来自传感器的网络业务通过回程信道隧道传输到基站单元和其他卫星单元。来自传感器的网络业务也被中继到某个IoT设备的云。
图8是示出在连接设备上接收协议隧道化指令的方法的流程图。在步骤802中，使用通常称为WiFi协议的IEEE 802.11协议在AP之间生成网络。这通过回程信道和/或控制信道执行。参考图7，该步骤的说明性示例是指示网络拓扑的粗实线。
在每个示例(对于图8和随后的附图)中，系统在不同的节点上使用不同的信道来隧道化各种M2M协议。在一些实施例中，系统的单元具有WiFi和蓝牙低能量(BLE)能力。根据传感设备的接口类型，这些设备使用WiFi连接设备或使用BLE连接设备，并通过回程信道隧道BLE通信。在一些实施例中，一个IoT协议具有另一个IoT协议的隧道通信。隧道可用于同步、协议共存、省电等。
在步骤804中，有时称为“连接设备”的IoT设备使用各自的M2M协议连接到网络。基于连接设备D1-7和节点N1-7之间的细点划线，图7中示出了该步骤。根据所涉及的M2M协议，设备D1-7和节点N1-7(以及设备D8和节点N8)之间的连接以多种方式发生。在一些实施例中，AP N1-7与IoT设备D1-7“配对”。在其他实施例中，AP N1-7基于通用属性表(GATT)或证书的使用与设备D1-7通信。
为了处理多个M2M协议，可以使用诸如可通过由Apple Inc.销售的诸如OpenConnectivity Foundation，IFTTT applet或“Apple Home Kit”获得的转换(translation)软件。可以通过使用与特定控制设备和IoT设备相关的后端服务器、与第三方相关联的后端服务器或接入点上的转换软件来执行协议转换。
在步骤806中，接入点(例如，节点N1)从另一设备(IoT设备、控制设备或另一接入点)接收通信。该另一设备可以在网络(N2-7，D1-7或C1-2)上或另一网络上的设备(例如N8，D8或C3-4)上。该通信使用WiFi协议内的隧道M2M协议。隧道协议是在其数据报中包含另一个使用不同通信协议的完整数据分组的协议。隧道协议基本上在网络上的两个点之间创建一个隧道，可以在之间安全地传输任何类型的数据。
用于传感器的指令或动作通过使用回程信道的隧道传输到传感器。传感器可以为目标设备触发动作，例如触发警报或打开灯。目标设备(例如，报警器或灯)可以连接到系统的另一单元。传感器和目标设备可以通过蓝牙、ZigBee、Zwave等协议进行通信。该协议通过WiFi回程信道进行隧道传送。
在步骤808中，接入点(例如，节点N1)将通信发送到连接的IoT设备(例如，设备D1)。在此发生之前，接入点从通信中提取M2M协议分组，以便在M2M协议中直接传输到IoT设备。在IoT设备使用与通信不同的M2M协议的情况下，接入点使用存储在接入点上的转换软件在M2M协议之间进行转换。
该方法使IoT设备的控制范围能够从比较窄的协议范围，例如蓝牙，扩大到更大的范围。诸如扬声器的蓝牙设备通常由具有有限范围的智能手机来控制，这是受限的，特别是在较大的住宅(例如，控制设备C2到设备D2)中。
在一些实施例中，系统使用蓝牙或其他技术控制家庭周围的灯光。蓝牙照明控制是突出的，但范围有限。通过在WiFi回程信道中隧道蓝牙通信，灯的控制范围显著延长。
在一些实施例中，系统在广范围内控制音频扬声器。扬声器经常使用蓝牙协议。蓝牙扬声器可以与系统的单元配对。通过蓝牙的音频同步通过WiFi回程信道进行隧道传输。该系统同时控制不同类型的蓝牙扬声器。Zwave用于许多传感器和致动器。该系统避免了Zwave网格并使用长距离的专用回程来创建更强大的Zwave网络。
图9是示出利用网络化控制设备控制连接设备的方法的流程图。该图公开了类似于针对特定用例的图8的方法。所描述的用例是控制设备使用M2M信号直接连接到接入点，并且命令通信被传送到否则超出范围的IoT设备。例如，参考图7，其中命令通信经由控制设备C1发送到节点N2，到节点N1到设备D1。
图9的步骤902、904和910分别与图8的802和804和808相同。然而，在步骤906中，控制设备通过M2M协议连接到接入点。这是上述用例特有的附加步骤。在步骤908中，控制设备发送由AP接收到的M2M通信。
该示例另外在多个IoT设备(与IoT设备和控制设备相反)之间工作。IoT设备，特别是传感器通常没有用户界面，IoT设备/传感器没有输出。该输出用于触发或跳闸(Trip)其他IoT传感器。
该实施例在接入点之间具有最大的效用。在IoT设备仅具有低功率M2M无线电的情况下，如果两个这样的设备在接入点的范围内，则每个设备也可能在彼此的范围内。因此，通过多个接入点发送信号提供实用性。返回到示例，图9的方法不考虑通信链中的链路之一：节点N2到节点N1。
用户体验看起来似乎只是由用户的WiFi网络范围代替了短的M2M范围。IoT设备和控制设备各自与AP(无论是相同的AP还是不同的连接的AP)通信。AP有效地作为分组转发桥。如果使用非配对协议，如BLE，则控制设备的广播由网络上的任何AP接收，并通过网络回程转发到网络上的设备。在使用配对协议的情况下，配对信号由AP转发。在每一端，AP在M2M中接收通信，然后通过回程在WiFi通信中隧道传输M2M通信。
图10是示出通过网络在两个连接设备之间进行通信的方法的流程图。图9的步骤1002、1004和1010分别与图8的802和804和808相同。步骤1006类似于步骤906。然而，在步骤1008中，第一接入点(例如，节点N2)将隧道通信发送到第二接入点(例如，节点N1)。该传输具有M2M协议有效载荷，通过回程信道的WiFi协议来执行。
图10中描述的方法使得能够在更大范围内进行通信。图9的方法使得能够使用WiFi范围与IoT设备通信，图10的方法使得能够在多个改变的WiFi广播范围进行通信。
图11是示出不同网络上连接设备之间的通信方法的流程图。在步骤1102中，各个接入点建立单独的WLAN网络(例如，节点N1和节点N8)。每个网络都连接到互联网。在步骤1104中，设备连接到每个网络(例如，设备D1-7到一个网络，设备D8或控制设备C3连接到另一个网络)。
在步骤1106中，第一设备(例如，设备D8或控制设备C3)与M2M协议中的接入点(例如，节点N8)进行通信。在步骤1108中，将通信发送到第二接入点(例如，节点N4)。接入点根据来自第一设备的原始通信来评估预期的目的地。该目的地可以由连接两个设备的软件应用或使用接入点中的配置来指示。第一接入点(例如，节点N8)将M2M协议通信封装在WIFI协议通信中并提供目的地地址。使用目的地地址，通过互联网(例如，到节点N4)传送通信。
在步骤1110中，第二接入点(例如，节点N4)使用M2M协议将通信发送到设备(例如，设备D7)。为了实现这一点，接入点(例如，节点N4)从WiFi通信中提取M2M协议有效载荷，并且向设备(例如，设备D7)发送。
图12是示出未知网络上的控制设备与已知网络上的IoT设备之间的通信方法的流程图。在步骤1202中，使用第一AP(例如，节点N1)建立第一网络。在步骤1204中，第一设备使用M2M协议连接到已建立的网络(例如，设备D1到节点N1)，并且控制设备连接到互联网(例如，控制设备C4)。控制设备可以使用任何可用的网络(热点、开放网络等)，包括蜂窝网络(例如3G、4G、LTE等)。在步骤1206中，将控制设备上的应用软件配置到第一网络(例如，由节点N1进行网络广播)。应用软件使得第一网络上的AP能够识别来自控制设备的传输。
在步骤1208中，控制设备使用在WiFi通信中隧道传输的M2M通信向第一网络上的AP发送指令。由控制设备上的应用软件产生的通信的分组中的信息表示对AP的授权。授权包括进一步的路由指令。在步骤1210中，AP从原始传输中提取M2M通信，并将通信转发到IoT设备(例如，设备D1)。
图13是示出使用协议隧道消息的安全性的方法的流程图。在步骤1302中，网络中的接入点和设备发现在M2M协议上的IoT设备广播。每个设备或接入点分别发现IoT设备。在步骤1304中，设备和接入点认证与IoT设备的通信。有许多方法来验证设备之间的通信。这样的方式包括在设备之间无线地发送具有用户确认的代码，其中一个设备(例如智能电话)扫描IoT设备上的条形码或QR码以获得认证码，或者用户在预定时间段内在每个设备上按下连接批准按钮。发现和认证每个设备使得接入点能够连接到IoT设备，并使得传输能够在连接的设备和IoT设备之间转发。
在步骤1306中，接入点加密与IoT设备的通信。在步骤1308中，控制设备或输入设备与接入点进行认证，由此完成物联网设备、接入点和控制设备之间的网络。在步骤1310中，控制设备与接入点之间的通信被加密。在链路的每个点被加密的情况下，使通过网络的安全通信成为可能。
可以根据存储在存储器中的数据位的算法和操作的符号表示来描述所公开的实施例的各方面。这些算法描述和符号表示通常包括导致期望结果的一系列操作。这些操作需要物理量的物理操作。通常，尽管不一定，这些数量采取能够被存储、传送、组合、比较和以其他方式操纵的电或磁信号的形式。习惯地，且为了方便起见，这些信号通常被称为位、值、元件、符号、字符、项、数字等。这些和类似的术语与物理量相关联，并且仅仅是应用于这些量的方便的标签。
虽然已经在完全运行的计算机的上下文中描述了实施例，但是本领域技术人员将理解，各种实施例能够作为各种形式的程序产品分发，并且本公开同样适用，而不管用于实际影响实施例的特定类型的机器或计算机可读介质。
虽然已经根据若干实施例描述了本公开，但是本领域技术人员将认识到，本公开不限于本文所述的实施例，并且可以在本发明的精神和范围内进行修改和变更来实施。本领域技术人员还将认识到对本公开的实施例的改进。所有这些改进被认为在本文公开的概念的范围内。因此，该描述被认为是说明性的而不是限制性的。

Claims (20)

1.一种用于无线互联网接入点的网络之间的通信的方法，包括：
建立具有第一接入点的无线局域网(WLAN)，所述WLAN在客户端频带上进行广播；
用所述WLAN配置多个其他无线接入点；
在所述多个无线接入点之间通过专用控制频带传送控制信号，所述控制频带具有位于所述WLAN的所述客户端频带之外的频率信道；
通过专用回程信道在所述第一接入点和所述多个其他无线接入点之间传送网络中继器数据，所述回程信道在所述客户端频带内；以及
在所述多个其他无线接入点中的每一个上重复所述WLAN广播。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述控制信号包括以下任一项：
更新无线网桥；
协调无线接入点之间的客户端漫游；
接入点之间的定时同步；
为所述无线接入点的每一个进行信道分配；
为所述WLAN配置新的无线接入点；
范围测量；或
在多个接入点之间进行定位同步。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述控制信道频率在433Mhz和928Mhz之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述控制频带低于所述客户端频带。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中使用不用于所述WLAN广播的专用无线电，在所述多个无线接入点中的每一个中执行所述通信控制信号。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述通信控制信号还包括：
从第一控制信道频率跳频到第二控制频率。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述配置步骤通过在所述控制频带上的通信进行。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中使用在所述无线接入点之间的链路拓扑、网状拓扑或中心辐射型拓扑来发送和接收所述回程信道。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中使用所述多个无线接入点中的每一个之间的直接连接拓扑来执行所述通信控制信号。
10.一种用于无线接入点的网络中的无线接入点装置，包括：
被配置为广播无线局域网(WLAN)的第一无线电，所述WLAN在客户端频带上广播；
第二无线电，配置为以同时广播所述WLAN的其他无线接入点发送和接收控制信号，所述第二无线电在所述WLAN的所述客户端频带之外的控制信道频率上操作。
11.根据权利要求10所述的装置，其中所述控制信号包括以下任一项：
更新无线网桥；
协调无线接入点之间的客户端漫游；
接入点之间的定时同步；
为每个所述无线接入点进行信道分配；
为所述WLAN配置新的无线接入点；
范围测量；或
在多个接入点之间进行定位同步。
12.根据权利要求10所述的装置，其中所述第二无线电操作在433Mhz和928Mhz之间的控制信道频率。
13.根据权利要求10所述的装置，其中所述第二无线电以比所述客户端频带低的频率操作所述控制信道频率。
14.根据权利要求10所述的装置，其中所述第二无线电被配置为在多个频率之间进行跳频。
15.根据权利要求10所述的装置，还包括：
第三无线电，配置为经由在所述其他无线接入点之间的回程信道从所述互联网发送和接收分组，所述第三无线电被配置为以链路拓扑、网状拓扑或中心辐射型拓扑与其他无线接入点通信。
16.根据权利要求10所述的装置，还包括：
第四无线电，被配置为以机器对机器协议无线通信到客户端设备，所述无线通信以与所述第二无线电使用的频率不同的频率发送。
17.一种用于操作无线互联网接入点网络的方法，包括：
在无线局域网(WLAN)中联网多个无线接入点，所述WLAN在回程信道上在所述多个无线接入点之间与所述无线接入点的每个上的相应的第一无线电通信，所述WLAN的所述回程信道具有链拓扑、网状拓扑或中心辐射型拓扑；
从所述多个无线接入点中的每一个上的相应的第二无线电广播用于所述WLAN的客户端互联网信号，所述客户端互联网信号使用客户端频带并且提供所连接的客户端互联网接入；
在所述多个无线接入点之间通过比所述WLAN的所述客户端频带低的频率的控制信道频率传送控制信号，所述控制信号使用直接通信拓扑被发送和接收，并且使用所述多个无线接入点上的相应的第三无线电。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中所述控制信号包括以下任一项：
更新无线网桥；
协调无线接入点之间的客户端漫游；
接入点之间的定时同步；
每个所述无线接入点的信道分配；
为所述WLAN配置新的无线接入点；
范围测量；或
在多个接入点之间进行定位同步接入点。
19.根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中所述控制信道频率在433Mhz和928Mhz之间。
20.根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中所述通信控制信号还包括：
从第一控制信道频率跳频到第二控制频率。
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