CN107904983B - 涤纶纤维用染色提升剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

涤纶纤维用染色提升剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN107904983B
CN107904983B CN201711207071.9A CN201711207071A CN107904983B CN 107904983 B CN107904983 B CN 107904983B CN 201711207071 A CN201711207071 A CN 201711207071A CN 107904983 B CN107904983 B CN 107904983B
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杨伟
李正雄
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Shanghai Ya Yun New Materials Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种涤纶纤维用染色提高剂及其制备方法和应用。该涤纶纤维用染色提高剂包括15-65重量份至少一种多聚氧化烯基烷二胺、5‑30重量份非离子表面活性剂、10‑40重量份阴离子表面活性剂和10-30重量份水。本发明具有良好的涤纶染色匀染性,色光稳定性,不含有APEO,NPEO,苯乙烯苯酚类,苯甲酸苄酯等非环保类成分。

Description

涤纶纤维用染色提升剂及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织印染染色提升剂及其制备方法和应用,特别涉及一种涤纶纤维用染色提高剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
目前,节能减排保护环境已经成为工业发展的首要任务,如何减少排污,节约用水用电,缩短工艺流程业已成为印染企业发展的关键点。
涤纶及其混纺织物的染色环节一直是印染企业能耗的关键点之一,为了达到节能减排的目的,目前很多企业都采用了低浴比(浴比1:3~6)的染色工艺,相对于传统织物浸染工艺(浴比1:10~15),低浴比染色可以大幅降低对染料、助剂、水电气的需求,降低能耗,减少废液的排放。但是,低浴比条件下,由于其溶液少,染料浓度高,在高温染色工程中,更易出现染料的凝聚,产生色斑色点,从而影响染色质量。
目前市场上常用的高温匀染剂都是基于较大浴比和常规染色设备染色基础上开发设计的,并不完全适合低浴比染色。相对于传统的较大浴比染色,低浴比染色中,染槽水量很少,布液分离,缓染和移染条件不同,同时染料浓度增大,染料更易聚集。而传统的匀染剂是基于前期使染料缓染,后期增强移染来提高匀染性能的,因此不能满足低浴比的染色工艺需求。
本发明充分考虑了上述问题,不仅可以满足涤纶及其混纺面料在低浴比(浴比1:3~6)染色工艺条件下对匀染剂的要求,而且不受染色液pH值和盐的影响,亦可以应用于涤纶碱性条件下练染一浴或者涤棉一浴染色,满足节能减排需求;同时不含有APEO,NPEO,苯乙烯苯酚类,苯甲酸苄酯等非环保类成分。
发明内容
本发明克服了现有高温匀染剂中,在小浴比条件下,分散性,缓染性,移染性不足,引起的染色不均的问题,同时也可以解决碱性条件下,现有匀染剂由于其水解,引起的染色匀染不足的问题;以及满足涤棉染色一浴的高耐盐要求。
本发明的一个方面提供了一种新型的涤纶纤维用染色提高剂,它包括如下组分:
a)15-65重量份至少一种以下结构式(1)中表示的多聚氧化烯基烷二胺:
式(1)中,A1表示氢、C1-20烷基、饱和或不饱和的C2-20脂肪酰基、硫酸酯盐,磺酸酯盐、磷酸酯盐或它们的混合物;m是1-20;n是2-50;y是2-10;
b)5-30重量份非离子表面活性剂;
c)10-40重量份阴离子表面活性剂;
d)10-30重量份水。
本发明的另一个方面提供了本发明涤纶纤维用染色提高剂的制备方法,它包括:
将多聚氧化烯基烷二胺、非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、水和任选的C2-4烷醇在50-100℃的温度和在50-80r/min的速度搅拌0.5-3小时,降温至40℃以下,出料。
本发明的另一个方面提供了本发明涤纶纤维用染色提高剂在涤纶或涤纶混纺织物的酸性或碱性条件下的高温染色上的应用。
本发明具有良好的涤纶染色匀染性,色光稳定性,不含有APEO,NPEO,苯乙烯苯酚类,苯甲酸苄酯等非环保类成分。
具体实施方式
在一个优选的实施方式中,本发明的涤纶纤维用染色提高剂包括如下组分:
a)20-60重量份至少一种以下结构式(1)中表示的多聚氧化烯基烷二胺:
式(1)中,A1表示氢、C1-4烷基、饱和或不饱和的C2-20脂肪酰基、硫酸酯盐,磺酸酯盐、磷酸酯盐或它们的混合物;m是2-10;n是4-45;y是2-3;
b)10-25重量份非离子表面活性剂;
c)15-30重量份阴离子表面活性剂;
d)15-25重量份水。
在一个优选的实施方式,所述的非离子表面活性剂是脂肪醇聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂。
在一个更优选的实施方式,所述的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂是C10-20脂肪醇聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯型非离子表面活性剂,其中氧化乙烯共聚单元的数目为2-15,氧化丙烯共聚单元的数目为1-10。
在一个更加优选的实施方式,所述的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂是C12-16脂肪醇聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯型非离子表面活性剂,其中氧化乙烯共聚单元的数目为5-10,氧化丙烯共聚单元的数目为2-6。
在一个优选的实施方式,所述的阴离子表面活性剂包括脂肪醇硫酸酯盐、烷(烯)基酚聚氧化烯硫酸酯盐、或它们的混合物。
在一个更优选的实施方式,所述的脂肪醇硫酸酯盐是C6-16脂肪醇硫酸酯钠、所述的C10-20烷(烯)基苯二酚聚氧化烯硫酸酯钠,其中氧化乙烯共聚单元的数目为10-30,氧化丙烯共聚单元的数目为0-10。
在一个更优选的实施方式,本发明的涤纶纤维用染色提高剂可任选地包含1-5重量份C2-4烷醇,例如为异丙醇、甲醇、丁二醇等。
在一个优选的实施方式,本发明中所用的水可以为本行业中所用的任何洁净的水,如去离子水。
本发明的涤纶纤维用染色性提高剂适用于的涤纶类纤维及其混纺织物,素材形态方面,可用于针织布、梭织布,无纺布以及筒子纱等。
本发明染色性提高剂的使用量可根据纤维素材、染料的种类及目标性能等适宜调整。染色方法方面,适用于液流染色(包括小浴比1:3~6)、筒纱染色、轴径染色、高压喷射染色,气流等浸染染色法。
实施例
下面结合具体实施例的性能对比,进一步阐述本发明。
各实施例中染化料来源如下:NaOH、冰醋酸、醋酸钠、纯涤纶织物均为市售;雅特隆染料来自上海雅运纺织化工股份有限公司,Dianix UN-SE系列来自德司达公司,分散深蓝HGL和分散黑ALK来自浙江龙盛集团股份有限公司。
如下各实施例中的性能测试指标通过如下方法测定:
1,低浴比染色匀染性评价
染色工艺:
将0.03g实施例以及对比例分别加入100g缓冲液中(PH=4.5),后加入分散染料雅特隆黄棕SW,雅特隆红SW-B和雅特隆蓝SW-B各0.5g,搅拌均匀,然后将涤纶塔夫绸精练布30g(30d/克重50g/m2)投入染浴中(浴比为1:3.3),将该染浴从60℃起按照2℃/分的速度升温至130℃,该温度下保持45分钟。然后冷却,80℃时取出、水洗、脱水干燥即完成涤纶纤维染色。按照以下基准评价了染色涤纶纤维产品的匀染性。
判定基准:匀染性
A:无染斑,匀染性良好B:少量染斑,匀染性好C:染斑较多,匀染性稍差。D:染严重,匀染性极差
2,碱性条件下染色匀染性评价
染色工艺:
将0.03g的实施例以及对比例分别加入100ml水溶液,然后加入1g的NaOH 1g,搅拌均匀,然后加入1g的分散黑ALK,搅拌均匀然后将涤纶塔夫绸精练布15g(30d/克重50g/m2)投入染浴中(浴比为1:6.6),将该染浴从60℃起按照2℃/分的速度升温至130℃,该温度下保持45分钟。然后冷却,80℃时取出、水洗、脱水干燥即完成涤纶纤维染色。按照以下基准评价了染色涤纶纤维产品的匀染性。
判定基准:匀染性
A:无染斑,匀染性良好B:少量染斑,匀染性好C:染斑较多,匀染性稍差。D:染严重,匀染性极差
3,涤棉一浴染色条件下染色匀染性评价
染色工艺:
将元明粉10g投入100g水中,在温度为40度的条件下运行10分钟,然后分别加入实施例以对比例0.02g,运行5分钟,再加入0.05g分散染料雅特隆红玉S-5BL和0.05g活性染料雅格素红NF-3B,运行5分钟后,将10g的T/C(65/35)针织面料投入染浴中(浴比为1:10),将该染浴从40℃起按照2℃/分的速度升温至80℃,该温度下保持20分钟,然后1℃/分,速度升温至130℃,该温度下保持60分钟;然后快速降温至80℃时取出、水洗、脱水干燥即完成涤纶纤维染色。按照以下基准评价了染色涤纶纤维产品的匀染性。
判定基准:匀染性
A:无染斑,匀染性良好B:少量染斑,匀染性好C:染斑较多,匀染性稍差。D:染严重,匀染性极差
4,分散染料分散性测试:。
测试方法参照《AATCC 146-2011过滤测试法》中的测试方法1进行,按以下工艺进行:
将0.02g的实施例以及对比例,分别入100g缓冲液中(PH=4.5),然后加入2克分散染料雅特隆红玉S-5BL,搅拌均匀,然后从40℃开始以3℃/min的速度升温至130℃然后保温30min,然后以3℃/min的速度降温至80℃,过滤,计算过滤时间(时间越短多好),待滤纸干燥后,观察滤纸表面,判断分散效果(颜色越淡,颗粒越细效果越好)。
5,分散染料移染性测试:
测试方法参照GBT10663—2003分散染料移染性的测定,测试方式如下:
将0.02g的实施例以及对比例,分别入100g缓冲液中(PH=4.5),搅拌均匀,加入5g涤纶针织染色布样(Dianix UN-SE RED 1%owf/Dianix UN-SE YELLOW 1%owf/DianixUN-SE BLUE 1%owf)和5g涤纶针织漂白布,然后按照40℃(3℃/min)→130℃保温60min→降温40℃→水洗→干燥(80℃×20min)工艺进行移染性实验操作,最后进行室温测色。
移染率计算:
移染率=(移染后白织物的加权强度/移染后原色布的加权强度)×100%
移染率越大,移染效果越好。
6,分散染料消色性测试:
测试方法参照HG T 4436-2012纺织染整助剂涤用匀染剂染色消色性的测定,测试方法如下:
将0.05g的实施例以及对比例,分别入100g缓冲液中(PH=4.5),加入0.02g分散深蓝HGL,搅拌均匀,然后加入10g涤纶针织漂白布,按照40℃(3℃/min)→130℃保温30min→降温40℃→水洗→干燥(80℃×20min)的工艺流程进行,最后测色。
测试布样,以不使用匀染剂得色深度为标准(100),使用匀染剂的得色深度越大,耐消色效果越好
实施例1
将38.5重量份的丙二胺聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚油酸酯(PO数为32,EO数为4),16.5重量份的丙二胺聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚(PO数为32,EO数为4),10重量份的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯型非离子表面活性剂(脂肪醇的C数为12,其中PO数为2,EO数为7),15重量份的十五烷基间二酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵(EO数为25),18重量份的去离子水和2重量份的异丙醇混合,然后升温至80-100℃,在60-70r/min速度搅拌1-2小时,搅拌均匀后,降温至40℃以下,出料,制得产品。
实施例2
将25重量份的乙二胺聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚硬脂酸酯(PO数为28,EO数为4),25重量份的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯型非离子表面活性剂(脂肪醇的C数为14,其中PO数为4,EO数为8),15重量份的十五烯基间二酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵(EO数为25),15重量份的十二烷基醇醚硫酸钠,20重量份的去离子水混合然后升温至50-60℃,在50-60r/min速度搅拌1-2小时,搅拌均匀后,降温至40℃以下,出料,制得产品。
实施例3
将40重量份的丙二胺聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚乙酸酯(PO数为36,EO数为8),10重量份的丙二胺聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚硫酸酯钠盐(PO数为40,EO数为8),10重量份的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯型非离子表面活性剂(脂肪醇的C数为14,其中PO数为4,EO数为8),20重量份的十五烷基间二酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵(EO数为16),20重量份的去离子水混合,升温至70-80℃,在60-70r/min速度搅拌1-2小时,搅拌均匀后,降温至40℃以下,出料,制得产品。
实施例4
将20重量份的乙二胺聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚(PO数为40,EO数为8),25重量份的丙二胺聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚硫酸酯钠盐(PO数为40,EO数为8),15重量份的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯型非离子表面活性剂(脂肪醇的C数为12,其中PO数为4,EO数为8),16重量份的十五烯基间二酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵(EO数为16),4重量份的仲辛烷基磺酸酸钠,20重量份的去离子水混合,升温至70-80℃,在60-70r/min速度搅拌1-2小时,搅拌均匀后,降温至40℃以下,出料,制得产品。
应用效果表1
低浴比染色匀染性 碱性染色匀染性 涤棉一浴染色匀染性
实施例1 A B C
实施例2 A B C
实施例3 A B B
实施例4 A A A
国产品T C D C
国产品D C C C
进口品S B C B
空白 D D D
判定基准:匀染性
A:无染斑,匀染性良好
B:少量染斑,匀染性好
C:染斑较多,匀染性稍差。
D:染严重,匀染性极差
应用效果附表2
由以上表1可知,本发明各实施例在低浴比,碱性条件,以及高盐的条件下染色,匀染效果均优于市场对比例;由表2可知,分散性测试结果显示,各实施例的过滤时间短,滤纸颜色浅,残留物少,说明对染料有良好的高温分散性,可以预防色斑色点的出现;移染性结果表明,各实施例的移染率明显高于对比例,对染料吸附不均有更好的移染效果。消色性实验结果显示,各实施例的具有更好的耐消色性,对能提升染色色光的稳定性有更好的效果。

Claims (11)

1.一种涤纶纤维用染色提高剂,它包括如下组分:
a)15-65重量份至少一种以下结构式(1)中表示的多聚氧化烯基烷二胺:
式(1)中,A1表示氢、C1-20烷基、饱和或不饱和的C2-20脂肪酰基、硫酸酯盐,磺酸酯盐、磷酸酯盐或它们的混合物;m是1-20;n是2-50;y是2-10;
b)5-30重量份非离子表面活性剂;
c)10-40重量份阴离子表面活性剂;
d)10-30重量份水。
2.如权利要求1所述的涤纶纤维用染色提高剂,其特征在于,它包括如下组分:
a)20-60重量份至少一种以下结构式(1)中表示的多聚氧化烯基烷二胺:
式(1)中,A1表示氢、C1-4烷基、饱和或不饱和的C2-20脂肪酰基、硫酸酯盐,磺酸酯盐、磷酸酯盐或它们的混合物;m是2-10;n是4-45;y是2-3;
b)10-25重量份非离子表面活性剂;
c)15-30重量份阴离子表面活性剂;
d)15-25重量份水。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的涤纶纤维用染色提高剂,其特征在于,所述的非离子表面活性剂是脂肪醇聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的涤纶纤维用染色提高剂,其特征在于,所述的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂是C10-20脂肪醇聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯型非离子表面活性剂,其中氧化乙烯共聚单元的数目为2-15,氧化丙烯共聚单元的数目为1-10。
5.如权利要求4所述的涤纶纤维用染色提高剂,其特征在于,所述的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂是C12-16脂肪醇聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯型非离子表面活性剂,其中氧化乙烯共聚单元的数目为5-10,氧化丙烯共聚单元的数目为2-6。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的涤纶纤维用染色提高剂,其特征在于,所述的阴离子表面活性剂包括脂肪醇硫酸酯盐、烷基或烯基酚聚氧化烯硫酸酯盐、或它们的混合物。
7.如权利要求6所述的涤纶纤维用染色提高剂,其特征在于,所述的脂肪醇硫酸酯盐是C6-16脂肪醇硫酸酯钠、所述的烷基或烯基酚聚氧化烯硫酸酯盐是C10-20烷基或烯基苯二酚聚氧化烯硫酸酯钠,其中氧化乙烯共聚单元的数目为10-30,氧化丙烯共聚单元的数目为0-10。
8.如权利要求1或2所述的涤纶纤维用染色提高剂,其特征在于,它包含1-5重量份C2-4烷醇。
9.如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的涤纶纤维用染色提高剂的制备方法,它包括:
将多聚氧乙烯基烷二胺、非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂和水在50-100℃的温度和在50-80r/min的速度搅拌0.5-3小时,降温至40℃以下,出料。
10.如权利要求9所述的制备方法,其特征在于,它包括加入C2-4烷醇。
11.如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的涤纶纤维用染色提高剂在涤纶或涤纶混纺织物的酸性或碱性条件下的高温染色上的应用。
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