CN107903699A - 一种含c=c双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种含c=c双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107903699A
CN107903699A CN201710952665.6A CN201710952665A CN107903699A CN 107903699 A CN107903699 A CN 107903699A CN 201710952665 A CN201710952665 A CN 201710952665A CN 107903699 A CN107903699 A CN 107903699A
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施丹
王�锋
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂,包含以下组分:支化聚乙二醇,二异氰酸酯,烯醇封端剂,催化剂;所述支化聚乙二醇,二异氰酸酯,烯醇封端剂的摩尔比为1:1.65:0.3;催化剂占总物料的质量分数为0.05‑2%。另外本发明还公开了该增稠剂的制备方法。通过上述方法制备的含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂因含有活性双键官能团,可参与UV涂料体系的紫外光固化交联反应;进而具有优异的增稠效果,当其用量为5%时,可使水性UV聚氨酯涂料在6rpm条件下的旋转黏度从320cps增加到8000cps以上;旋转黏度比值大于2.0。

Description

一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种功能高分子材料的制备,尤其涉及一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂及其制备方法,属于新材料化学合成领域。
背景技术
近年来,水性涂料替代油性涂料已成为大势所趋,由于水性涂料对储存和施工时的粘度要求不同,需要使用增稠剂来调节体系粘度与流变性能,在储存过程中,维持高粘度,防止颜料的凝聚与沉淀,在涂刷过程中,通过剪切变稀,使涂料具有较好的涂刷性,涂刷完毕后,经过短暂的粘度滞后,待涂膜流平,粘度恢复。通过使用增稠剂,可以平衡涂料高剪切和低剪切流动性能,既可避免储存过程中的沉淀现象,又可解决涂料施工时的流平和流挂问题,赋予涂料良好的储存稳定性和施工性。
传统的增稠剂如无机增稠剂和碱溶胀型增稠剂在水性涂料的应用中存在增稠以后对电解质比较敏感、黏度的稳定性不好等缺点,而水性聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂(HEUR)以其流平性好、剪切变稀作用、黏度稳定性强等特点,自20世纪80年代出现以来,十分受人们的欢迎,其应用也越来越广泛。HEUR是一类分子中同时含有亲水和疏水基团,亲水基团与水形成氢键,疏水基团之间、疏水基团与乳液中的胶粒或与其他无机粒子之间相互产生缔合作用,形成网状结构,使得体系黏度增大。多点的缔合不仅提高了增稠效率,同时由于存在缔合与解缔合的平衡,使得增稠后的体系具有良好的触变性,即在高剪切力下黏度较低,可便于施工,低剪切力下黏度较高,可防止沉降和流挂。
HEUR一般为线性聚氨酯链,通过引入支化结构可以增加缔合点,从而提高增稠效率,但目前引入的支化结构容易交联,稳定性较差。
另外,目前常用的HEUR无法参与水性UV体系的交联反应,会影响到UV固化膜的性能稳定性,因而很少应用于水性UV体系。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂及其制备方法,该增稠剂具有C=C双键,可参与紫外光固化交联反应,同时还具有良好的增稠效果和剪切变稀效果。
本发明的目的采用如下技术方案实现:
一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂,包含以下组分:支化聚乙二醇,二异氰酸酯,烯醇封端剂,催化剂;所述支化聚乙二醇,二异氰酸酯,烯醇封端剂的摩尔比为1:(1.0-1.85):(0.1-0.5);催化剂占总物料的质量分数为0.05-2%。
进一步地,所述支化聚乙二醇的分子结构为:
所述支化聚乙二醇分子量为2000-10000。
进一步地,所述烯醇封端剂为十一烯醇、十八烯醇中的至少一种。
进一步地,所述二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环已基甲烷二异氰酸酯、萘1,5-二异氰酸酯中的至少一种。
进一步地,所述催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡、辛酸亚锡中的至少一种。
进一步地,所述支化聚乙二醇,二异氰酸酯,烯醇封端剂的摩尔比为1:1.65:0.3,所述催化剂占总物料的质量分数为0.05%。
一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下制备步骤:
将支化聚乙二醇加入到反应容器中,升温至100-120℃,真空干燥脱水1-3h;
向反应容器通入氮气,并降温至60-80℃,加入催化剂和二异氰酸酯,保温反应2-5h;
升温至90-100℃,加入烯醇封端剂,保温反应1-2h后,趁热倒入四氟模板中,放入真空烘箱,室温冷却后即得到增稠剂产品。
相比现有技术,本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)本发明采用支化聚乙二醇、二异氰酸酯以及烯醇封端剂反应,制备出含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂含有活性双键官能团,可参与UV涂料体系的紫外光固化交联反应。
(2)本发明提供的含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂具有优异的增稠效果,当其用量为5%时,可使水性UV聚氨酯涂料在6rpm条件下的旋转黏度从320cps增加到8000cps以上。
(3)本发明提供的含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂具有优异的剪切变稀效果,当其用量为5%时,可使水性UV聚氨酯涂料在6rpm和60rpm条件下的旋转黏度比值大于2.0。
具体实施方式
下面,结合具体实施方式,对本发明做进一步描述,需要说明的是,在不相冲突的前提下,以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂,包含以下组分:支化聚乙二醇,二异氰酸酯,烯醇封端剂,催化剂;所述支化聚乙二醇,二异氰酸酯,烯醇封端剂的摩尔比为1:(1.0-1.85):(0.1-0.5);催化剂占总物料的质量分数为0.05-2%。
进一步地,所述支化聚乙二醇的分子结构为:
所述支化聚乙二醇分子量为2000-10000。
本发明中采用支化的聚乙二醇参与反应,可有效增加反应活性端,同时采用烯醇做为封端剂,可有效引入C=C双键,制备的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂,含有活性双键官能团,可参与UV涂料体系的紫外光固化交联反应,进而增强稳定性。
进一步地,所述烯醇封端剂为十一烯醇、十八烯醇中的至少一种。
进一步地,所述二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环已基甲烷二异氰酸酯、萘1,5-二异氰酸酯中的至少一种。
进一步地,所述催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡、辛酸亚锡中的至少一种。
进一步地,所述支化聚乙二醇,二异氰酸酯,烯醇封端剂的摩尔比为1:1.65:0.3,所述催化剂占总物料的质量分数为0.05%。
本发明中采用支化聚乙二醇,二异氰酸酯,烯醇封端剂的摩尔比为1:1.65:0.3时,构成增稠剂的最佳配比。
一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下制备步骤:
将支化聚乙二醇加入到反应容器中,升温至100-120℃,真空干燥脱水1-3h;
向反应容器通入氮气,并降温至60-80℃,加入催化剂和二异氰酸酯,保温反应2-5h;
升温至90-100℃,加入烯醇封端剂,保温反应1-2h后,趁热倒入四氟模板中,放入真空烘箱,室温冷却后即得到增稠剂产品。
以上制备含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂的制备方法操作简便,通过上述制备方法制备的含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂具有优异的增稠效果,当其用量为5%时,可使水性UV聚氨酯涂料在6rpm条件下的旋转黏度从320cps增加到8000cps以上;同时还具有优异的剪切变稀效果,当其用量为5%时,可使水性UV聚氨酯涂料在6rpm和60rpm条件下的旋转黏度比值大于2.0。
以下是本发明具体的实施例,在下述实施例中所采用的原材料、设备等除特殊限定外均可以通过购买方式获得。
实施例1:
原料准备:取10摩尔份支化聚乙二醇(分子量2000)、16.5摩尔份甲苯二异氰酸酯、3摩尔份的封端剂十一烯醇,以及占总物料的质量分数为0.05%的催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡备用。
含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂的制备:
(1)将支化聚乙二醇(分子量2000)加入到反应容器中,升温至100℃,真空干燥脱水2h。
(2)向反应容器通入氮气,并降温至60℃,加入催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡和甲苯二异氰酸酯,保温反应3h。
(3)升温至90℃,加入十一烯醇封端剂,保温反应2h后,趁热倒入四氟模板中,放入真空烘箱,室温冷却后即得到增稠剂产品。
在水性UV体系中的应用:
(1)按体积比为1:2制备丙二醇-水混合溶液,将上述实施例制得的增稠剂产品按50%固含量溶于丙二醇-水混合溶液。
(2)取20g加入到200g水性UV聚氨酯涂料(UV 2282)中,搅拌20min,静置20min后测试涂料的旋转黏度(NDJ-1型旋转黏度计,测试转速分别为6rpm和60rpm)。
实施例2:
原料准备:取10摩尔份支化聚乙二醇(分子量4000)、18.5摩尔份六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、5摩尔份的封端剂十一烯醇,以及占总物料的质量分数为0.1%的催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡备用。
含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂的制备:
(1)将支化聚乙二醇(分子量4000)加入到反应容器中,升温至110℃,真空干燥脱水3h。
(2)向反应容器通入氮气,并降温至70℃,加入催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡和六亚甲基二异氰酸酯,保温反应4h。
(3)升温至90℃,加入十一烯醇封端剂,保温反应2h后,趁热倒入四氟模板中,放入真空烘箱,室温冷却后即得到增稠剂产品。
在水性UV体系中的应用:
(1)按体积比为1:2制备丙二醇-水混合溶液,将上述实施例制得的增稠剂产品按50%固含量溶于丙二醇-水混合溶液。
(2)取20g加入到200g水性UV聚氨酯涂料(UV 2282)中,搅拌20min,静置20min后测试涂料的旋转黏度(NDJ-1型旋转黏度计,测试转速分别为6rpm和60rpm)。
实施例3:
原料准备:取10摩尔份支化聚乙二醇(分子量8000)、16.5摩尔份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、3摩尔份的封端剂十八烯醇,以及占总物料的质量分数为0.05%的催化剂辛酸亚锡备用。
含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂的制备:
(1)将支化聚乙二醇(分子量8000)加入到反应容器中,升温至120℃,真空干燥脱水1h。
(2)向反应容器通入氮气,并降温至80℃,加入催化剂辛酸亚锡和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,保温反应5h。
(3)升温至100℃,加入十八烯醇封端剂,保温反应1h后,趁热倒入四氟模板中,放入真空烘箱,室温冷却后即得到增稠剂产品。
在水性UV体系中的应用:
(1)按体积比为1:2制备丙二醇-水混合溶液,将上述实施例制得的增稠剂产品按50%固含量溶于丙二醇-水混合溶液。
(2)取20g加入到200g水性UV聚氨酯涂料(UV 2282)中,搅拌20min,静置20min后测试涂料的旋转黏度(NDJ-1型旋转黏度计,测试转速分别为6rpm和60rpm)。
实施例4:
原料准备:取10摩尔份支化聚乙二醇(分子量10000)、16.5摩尔份二环已基甲烷二异氰酸酯、3摩尔份的封端剂十八烯醇,以及占总物料的质量分数为0.2%的催化剂辛酸亚锡备用。
含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂的制备:
(1)将支化聚乙二醇(分子量10000)加入到反应容器中,升温至120℃,真空干燥脱水3h。
(2)向反应容器通入氮气,并降温至80℃,加入催化剂辛酸亚锡(0.2wt%)和二环已基甲烷二异氰酸酯,保温反应2h。
(3)升温至100℃,加入十八烯醇封端剂,保温反应2h后,趁热倒入四氟模板中,放入真空烘箱,室温冷却后即得到增稠剂产品。
在水性UV体系中的应用:
(1)按体积比为1:2制备丙二醇-水混合溶液,将上述实施例制得的增稠剂产品按50%固含量溶于丙二醇-水混合溶液。
(2)取20g加入到200g水性UV聚氨酯涂料(UV 2282)中,搅拌20min,静置20min后测试涂料的旋转黏度(NDJ-1型旋转黏度计,6rpm和60rpm)。
对比例5:
采用未添加本发明制备的含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂的水性UV聚氨酯涂料(UV 2282)采用相同测试条件测试旋转粘度。
表1:不同剪切下的黏度和触变指数
由上表可知合成的含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂经测定,当其用量为5%时,可使水性UV聚氨酯涂料在6rpm条件下的旋转黏度从320cps增加到8000cps以上,说明具有良好的增稠效果;水性UV聚氨酯涂料在6rpm和60rpm条件下的旋转黏度比值(触变指数)大于2.0,说明具有了较好的剪切变稀效果。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式,不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围,本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂,其特征在于:包含以下组分:支化聚乙二醇,二异氰酸酯,烯醇封端剂,催化剂;所述支化聚乙二醇,二异氰酸酯,烯醇封端剂的摩尔比为1:(1.0~1.85):(0.1~0.5);催化剂占总物料的质量分数为0.05%~2%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂,其特征在于:所述支化聚乙二醇的分子结构为:
所述支化聚乙二醇分子量为2000~10000。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂,其特征在于:所述烯醇封端剂为十一烯醇、十八烯醇中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂,其特征在于:所述二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环已基甲烷二异氰酸酯、萘1,5-二异氰酸酯中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂,其特征在于:所述催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡、辛酸亚锡中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂,其特征在于:所述支化聚乙二醇,二异氰酸酯,烯醇封端剂的摩尔比为1:1.65:0.3,所述催化剂占总物料的质量分数为0.05%。
7.一种如权利要求1-6任一项所述的一种含C=C双键的多支化聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
将支化聚乙二醇加入到反应容器中,升温至100-120℃,真空干燥脱水1-3h;
向反应容器通入氮气,并降温至60-80℃,加入催化剂和二异氰酸酯,保温反应2-5h;
升温至90-100℃,加入烯醇封端剂,保温反应1-2h后,趁热倒入四氟模板中,放入真空烘箱,室温冷却后即得到增稠剂产品。
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