CN107892682B - 一种杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于化学芳烃酰胺化合物技术领域,具体涉及一种杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物及其制备方法和应用。本发明杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)、制备1,3‑交替‑5,11,17,23‑四溴‑25,26,27,28‑四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II);(2)、制备1,3‑交替‑5,11,17,23‑四(噻吩基)‑25,26,27,28‑四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III);(3)、制备1,3‑交替‑5,11,17,23‑四(5‑醛基噻吩基)‑25,26,27,28‑四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV);(4)、制备1,3‑交替‑5,11,17,23‑四(5‑羧酸基噻吩基)‑25,26,27,28‑四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V);(5)、将1,3‑交替‑5,11,17,23‑四(5‑羧酸基噻吩基)‑25,26,27,28‑四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)溶解于1,2‑二氯乙烷中,冰水浴冷却,慢慢滴加入氯化亚砜,然后升温回流5h,再冰水浴冷却,加入氨水和二氯甲烷的混合溶液,室温反应8~12h,得到产物1,3‑交替‑5,11,17,23‑四(5‑酰胺基噻吩基)‑25,26,27,28‑四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学芳烃酰胺化合物技术领域,具体涉及一种杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
超分子聚合物作为新兴材料领域的热点受到许多研究人员的广泛关注。这主要是由于聚合物中重复结构单元能增加作用位点、加深空穴、提高发光效率等,这些优点使超分子聚合物广泛应用在发光材料、超分子化学及生化传感器等领域。超分子聚合物可以通过π-π堆积、体积匹配、氢键等非共价键作用形成,其中氢键作用具有方向性,在管状、线状等一维立体结构聚合物形成过程中应用广泛。杯[4]芳烃,尤其是1,3-交替杯[4]芳烃具有穴状刚性结构,四个手臂易修饰不同的取代基,是典型的超分子主体,也是构建超分子聚合物的重要结构单元。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物及其制备方法和应用。所采用的制备方法操作简单、反应条件温和。分子组装形成的聚合物发光效率好,热稳定性好,可用于发光材料和超分子化学领域。
本发明为实现上述目的而采取的技术方案为:
一种杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物,其分子结构如下:
一种杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、按照摩尔比为1∶8~12的比例取原料1,3-交替-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃和N-溴代丁二酰亚胺,加入溶剂甲基乙基酮将原料溶解,氮气保护,室温搅拌12h,得到1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II);
(2)、在无水四氢呋喃中加入摩尔比为1∶1.25的2-溴噻吩和Mg,氮气保护,猛烈搅拌,回流3h,冷却后按照摩尔比为1∶0.04的比例加入步骤(1)的产物1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II)和催化剂PdCl2(dppf),加热回流12h,反应完后加入水终止反应,再加入盐酸酸化分解至溶液的pH值为7,得到1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III),其中所述的1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃和2-溴噻吩的摩尔比为1∶16~24;
(3)、重蒸的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和三氯氧磷以摩尔比为1:3在0℃搅拌0.5小时,溶液变成黄色络合物,在0℃下加入1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)的二氯甲烷溶液,加热搅拌12h,得到产物1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV);其中1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的摩尔比为1:4~4.5;
(4)、将1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV)溶解在丙酮和二氯甲烷的混合溶剂中,丙酮和二氯甲烷的体积为1:1,将氨基磺酸和亚氯酸钠溶解在水中,再将其溶液加入到上述溶液中,室温搅拌,得到产物1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V),其中所述氨基磺酸和亚氯酸钠的摩尔比为1.2∶1;1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃和亚氯酸钠的摩尔比为1∶6~10;反应时间为2~4h;
(5)、将1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)溶解于1,2-二氯乙烷中,冰水浴冷却,慢慢滴加入氯化亚砜,1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)与氯化亚砜的摩尔比为1:30,然后升温回流5h,再冰水浴冷却,加入氨水和二氯甲烷(体积比3:5)的混合溶液,室温反应8~12h,得到产物1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)。
本发明杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物的应用,在发光材料及超分子化学的应用。作为本发明的一种优选实施方式,本发明首先将1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)制备成聚合物,然后应用在发光材料及超分子化学。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式,本发明将1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)制备成聚合物的方法如下:
将1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)溶解于无水的四氢呋喃和正己烷的混合溶剂中,体系密封后,开小孔静置,溶剂慢慢挥发结晶得到1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃的聚合物。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式,本发明所述无水四氢呋喃和正己烷的体积比为2~4:1。
本发明制备的聚合物可以用在发光材料和超分子化学中,具体性质如下:
1)浓度为5×10-4M的1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)溶解于无水的四氢呋喃和正己烷的混合溶剂中,缓慢挥发掉溶剂后,进行扫描电镜成像,呈规则的片状。当浓度为5×10-6M时,得到直径约为300nm的一维线形超分子聚合物。
2)在不同的有机溶剂中,所制备的1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)的紫外吸收和荧光发射波长随溶剂不同而不同。而化合物的固体荧光发射比溶液中明显红移40nm,这可能是在结晶形成固体时,化合物通过分子间氢键聚合形成聚合物的原因。
3)热分解温度(Td,5%)为338℃;
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明得到的以杯[4]芳烃为结构单元的化合物,在特定的溶液体系中,能分子组装成聚合物;超分子聚合物是一种蓝光发光材料,该材料具有好的热稳定性,固体发光效率能达到0.23,该聚合物能够作为发光材料。分子组装成聚合物的方法操作简单、条件温和。
附图说明
图1本发明制备的化合物(I)(1×10-5M)在THF,DMF和DMSO溶液中的紫外吸收和荧光发射光谱图及此固体的荧光发射图;
图2本发明超分子聚合物的扫描电镜图,a)聚合物结晶浓度为5×10-4M;b)聚合物结晶浓度为5×10-6M;溶剂为无水的THF:正己烷=3:1。
具体实施方式
实施例1
步骤1:化合物(II)的制备
氮气保护下,在装有磁力搅拌器的250mL三口瓶中依次加入(1.80g,3.04mmol)1,3-交替-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(原料),(5.41g,30.4mmol)NBS和100mL甲基乙基酮,室温下搅拌12h。反应结束后,蒸干溶剂,用甲醇洗涤,得粗产品。粗产品经硅胶柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=6:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II)2.48g,产率90%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.16(s,8H),3.55-3.59(q,16H),1.65-1.71(q,8H),0.98-1.01(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ155.6,133.9,130.9,112.8,71.5,33.3,22.8,10.4.
步骤2:化合物(III)的制备
氮气保护下,在装有磁力搅拌器的100mL三口瓶中依次加入(0.65g,4mmol)2-溴噻吩,(0.12g,5mmol)Mg和25mL四氢呋喃,猛烈搅拌至反应回流,然后加热回流3h。冷却后加入(0.18g,0.2mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II),PdCl2(dppf)(1.42mg,0.008mmol),加热回流12h。反应结束后加入20mL水终止反应,加入6M的盐酸酸化分解,然后用二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干溶剂得粗产品。粗产品经柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=6:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)0.13g,产率70%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.28(s,8H),7.09-7.12(m,4H),6.99-7.02(m,4H),6.90-6.92(m,4H),3.73(s,8H),3.56-3.67(t,J=14.8Hz,8H),1.56-1.61(q,8H),0.79-0.83(t,J=15.2Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ156.5,144.8,133.9,128.1,127.6,127.4,123.2,121.5.
步骤3:化合物(IV)的制备
在装有磁力搅拌器的100mL三口瓶中依次加入重蒸的DMF(10.00mL,3.19mmol)和POCl3(1.42mL,9.57mmol),在0℃搅拌0.5h,溶液变成黄色络合物,在0℃时加入(0.7g,0.76mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)的二氯甲烷溶液,加热搅拌12h,反应结束后加入到150mL稀酸溶液中,用二氯甲烷萃取,5%的碳酸氢钠洗,水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干溶剂得粗产品。粗产品经硅胶柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=1:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV)0.59g,产率75%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ9.70(s,4H),7.47-7.48(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.33(s,8H),7.02-7.04(d,J=4.0Hz,4H),3.77-3.81(t,J=14.8Hz,8H),3.56(s,8H),2.05-2.10(q,8H),1.18-1.22(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ182.6,157.8,155.7,141.1,137.6,135.8,128.3,126.4,122.7,75.6,34.9,24.2,11.2.
步骤4:化合物(V)的制备
将(72mg,0.07mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV)溶于(5mL)二氯甲烷和(5mL)丙酮的混合物中,把(55mg,0.67mmol)氨基磺酸和(51mg,0.56mmol)NaClO2溶于1mL水中,并在搅拌下加入到反应液中。室温下搅拌3h,反应结束后蒸干溶剂得粗产品,粗产品用(10%)HCl溶解,过滤得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)54mg,产率70%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.603-7.612(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.430(s,8H),7.288-7.298(d,J=4.0Hz,4H),3.858(s,8H),3.443-3.478(t,J=14Hz,16H),1.161-1.215(q,8H),0.500-0.537(t,J=14.8Hz,8H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ162.84,157.22,150.81,134.20,134.09,131.78,126.69,126.44,122.68,71.54,36.59,22.18,9.85.
步骤5:化合物(I)的制备
将(70mg,0.064mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)溶于10mL 1,2-二氯乙烷中,冰水浴冷却,将0.1mL SOCl2缓缓滴加到溶液中。然后加热回流5h,冰水浴冷却,搅拌下加入6mL NH3·H2O氨水和10mL CH2Cl2的混合溶液,室温下搅拌12h,反应结束后出现固体,将固体稀释,残余物用THF和水洗涤,得到产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)53mg,产率76%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.88(s,4H),7.64-7.66(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.42(s,8H),7.26-7.27(d,J=4Hz,8H),3.89(s,8H),3.39-3.42(t,J=12.8Hz,8H),1.07-1.12(q,8H),0.44-0.48(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ162.9,157.0,148.7,137.7,134.3,129.7,126.6,126.7,122.5,71.2,36.1,22.0,9.6;TOF-HRMS;C60H60N4O8S4[M+Na]+1115.3192,found,1115.3201.
实施例2
步骤1:化合物(II)的制备
氮气保护下,在装有磁力搅拌器的250mL三口瓶中依次加入(1.80g,3.04mmol)1,3-交替-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(原料),(4.33g,24.32mmol)NBS和100mL甲基乙基酮,室温下搅拌12h。反应结束后,蒸干溶剂,用甲醇洗涤,得粗产品。粗产品经硅胶柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=6:1,v/v)得产品,1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II)2.07g,产率75%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.15(s,8H),3.53-3.58(q,16H),1.64-1.69(q,8H),0.97-1.01(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ154.4,133.7,130.6,112.5,71.4,33.0,22.5,10.1.
步骤2:化合物(III)的制备
氮气保护下,在装有磁力搅拌器的100mL三口瓶中依次加入(0.52g,3.2mmol)2-溴噻吩,(0.10g,4mmol)Mg和20mL四氢呋喃,猛烈搅拌至反应回流,然后加热回流3h。冷却后加入(0.18g,0.2mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II),PdCl2(dppf)(1.42mg,0.008mmol),加热回流12h。反应结束后加入20mL水终止反应,加入6M的盐酸酸化分解,然后用二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干溶剂得粗产品。粗产品经柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=6:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)0.12g,产率65%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.29(s,8H),7.09-7.10(m,4H),6.99-7.00(m,4H),6.90-6.92(m,4H),3.72(s,8H),3.56-3.60(t,J=14.8Hz,8H),1.56-1.61(q,8H),0.79-0.83(t,J=15.2Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ156.3,144.8,133.8,128.0,127.6,127.5,123.4,121.6。
步骤3:化合物(IV)的制备
在装有磁力搅拌器的100mL三口瓶中依次加入重蒸的DMF(9.50mL,3.04mmol)和POCl3(1.35mL,9.12mmol),在0℃搅拌0.5h,溶液变成黄色络合物,在0℃时加入(0.7g,0.76mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)的二氯甲烷溶液,加热搅拌12h,反应结束后加入到150mL稀酸溶液中,用二氯甲烷萃取,5%的碳酸氢钠洗,水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干溶剂得粗产品。粗产品经硅胶柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=1:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV)0.57g,产率72%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ9.74(s,4H),7.47-7.48(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.32(s,8H),7.02-7.03(d,J=4.0Hz,4H),3.77-3.81(t,J=14.8Hz,8H),3.56(s,8H),2.05-2.10(q,8H),1.18-1.22(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ182.6,157.6,155.4,141.1,137.9,135.6,128.1,126.4,122.7,75.8,34.9,24.3,11.0.
步骤4:化合物(V)的制备
将(72mg,0.07mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV)溶于(5mL)二氯甲烷和(5mL)丙酮的混合物中,把(41mg,0.504mmol)NH2SO3H和(38mg,0.42mmol)NaClO2溶于1mL水中,并在搅拌下加入到反应液中。室温下搅拌3h,反应结束后蒸干溶剂得粗产品,粗产品用(10%)HCl溶解,过滤得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)46mg,产率59%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.60-7.61(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.43(s,8H),7.29-7.30(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),3.86(s,8H),3.44-3.48(t,J=13.6Hz,16H),1.16-1.21(q,8H),0.50-0.53(t,J=14.8Hz,8H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ161.8,156.8,150.0,133.2,133.1,131.1,126.1,125.4,120.7,70.5,36.1,22.2,9.1。
步骤5:化合物(I)的制备
将(70mg,0.064mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)溶于10mL 1,2-二氯乙烷中,冰水浴冷却,将0.1mL SOCl2缓缓滴加到溶液中。然后加热回流5h,冰水浴冷却,搅拌下加入6mL NH3·H2O氨水和10mL CH2Cl2的混合溶液,室温下搅拌8h,反应结束后出现固体,将固体稀释,残余物用THF和水洗涤,得到产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)49mg,产率70%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.87(s,4H),7.64-7.65(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.40(s,8H),7.26-7.27(d,J=4Hz,8H),3.88(s,8H),3.39-3.42(t,J=12.8Hz,8H),1.07-1.12(q,8H),0.44-0.48(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ162.9,157.0,148.7,137.7,134.2,129.6,126.8,126.7,122.4,71.2,37.1,22.0,9.8;TOF-HRMS;C60H60N4O8S4[M+Na]+1115.3192,found,1115.3201.
实施例3
步骤1:化合物(II)的制备
氮气保护下,在装有磁力搅拌器的250mL三口瓶中依次加入(1.80g,3.04mmol)1,3-交替-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(原料),(6.50g,36.48mmol)NBS和100mL甲基乙基酮,室温下搅拌12h。反应结束后,蒸干溶剂,用甲醇洗涤,得粗产品。粗产品经硅胶柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=6:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II)2.23g,产率81%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.13(s,8H),3.51-3.56(q,16H),1.62-1.68(q,8H),0.96-1.01(t,J=15.2Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ153.4,133.9,131.3,113.5,73.1,34.0,21.6,9.6.
步骤2:化合物(III)的制备
氮气保护下,在装有磁力搅拌器的100mL三口瓶中依次加入(0.78g,4.8mmol)2-溴噻吩,(0.14g,6mmol)Mg和30mL四氢呋喃,猛烈搅拌至反应回流,然后加热回流3h。冷却后加入(0.18g,0.2mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II),PdCl2(dppf)(1.42mg,0.008mmol),加热回流12h。反应结束后加入20mL水终止反应,加入6M的盐酸酸化分解,然后用二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干溶剂得粗产品。粗产品经柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=6:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)0.11g,产率58%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.28(s,8H),7.09-7.12(m,4H),6.98-7.00(m,4H),6.92-6.94(m,4H),3.72(s,8H),3.54-3.60(t,J=14.8Hz,8H),1.56-1.60(q,8H),0.79-0.80(t,J=15.2Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ156.4,144.6,133.8,128.1,127.5,127.4,123.4,121.6.
步骤3:化合物(IV)的制备
在装有磁力搅拌器的100mL三口瓶中依次加入重蒸的DMF(10.72mL,3.42mmol)和POCl3(1.52mL,10.26mmol),在0℃搅拌0.5h,溶液变成黄色络合物,在0℃时加入(0.7g,0.76mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)的二氯甲烷溶液,加热搅拌12h,反应结束后加入到150mL稀酸溶液中,用二氯甲烷萃取,5%的碳酸氢钠洗,水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干溶剂得粗产品。粗产品经硅胶柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=1:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV)0.47g,产率60%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ9.73(s,4H),7.47-7.48(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.32(s,8H),7.02-7.05(d,J=4.0Hz,4H),3.77-3.84(t,J=14.8Hz,8H),3.56(s,8H),2.05-2.12(q,8H),1.18-1.224(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ182.6,157.8,155.4,141.1,137.9,135.6,128.3,126.5,122.9,75.8,34.7,24.3,11.3.
步骤4:化合物(V)的制备
将(72mg,0.07mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV)溶于(5mL)二氯甲烷和(5mL)丙酮的混合物中,把(68mg,0.84mmol)氨基磺酸和(63mg,0.70mmol)NaClO2溶于1mL水中,并在搅拌下加入到反应液中。室温下搅拌3h,反应结束后蒸干溶剂得粗产品,粗产品用(10%)HCl溶解,过滤得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)48mg,产率63%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.601-7.610(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.428(s,8H),7.286-7.297(d,J=4.0Hz,4.4H),3.856(s,8H),3.441-3.475(t,J=13.6Hz,16H),1.159-1.213(q,8H),0.498-0.535(t,J=14.8Hz,8H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ161.84,156.22,149.81,133.10,133.04,130.78,125.69,125.44,121.68,71.04,36.09,22.18,9.85.
步骤5:化合物(I)的制备
将(70mg,0.064mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)溶于10mL 1,2-二氯乙烷中,冰水浴冷却,将0.1mL SOCl2缓缓滴加到溶液中。然后加热回流5h,冰水浴冷却,搅拌下加入6mL NH3·H2O氨水和10mL CH2Cl2的混合溶液,室温下搅拌12h,反应结束后出现固体,将固体稀释,残余物用THF和水洗涤,得到产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)52mg,产率75%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.85(s,4H),7.64-7.65(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.40(s,8H),7.26-7.25(d,J=4Hz,8H),3.88(s,8H),3.39-3.43(t,J=12.8Hz,8H),1.07-1.13(q,8H),0.44-0.47(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ162.9,157.0,148.7,137.6,134.2,129.5,126.6,126.5,122.6,71.2,36.1,22.0,9.9;TOF-HRMS;C60H60N4O8S4[M+Na]+1115.3192,found,1115.3201.
实施例4
步骤1:化合物(II)的制备
氮气保护下,在装有磁力搅拌器的250mL三口瓶中依次加入(1.80g,3.04mmol)1,3-交替-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(原料),(5.41g,30.4mmol)NBS和100mL甲基乙基酮,室温下搅拌12h。反应结束后,蒸干溶剂,用甲醇洗涤,得粗产品。粗产品经硅胶柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=6:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II)2.48g,产率90%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.16(s,8H),3.55-3.59(q,16H),1.65-1.71(q,8H),0.98-1.01(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ155.6,133.9,130.9,112.8,71.5,33.3,22.8,10.4.
步骤2:化合物(III)的制备
氮气保护下,在装有磁力搅拌器的100mL三口瓶中依次加入(0.65g,4mmol)2-溴噻吩,(0.12g,5mmol)Mg和25mL四氢呋喃,猛烈搅拌至反应回流,然后加热回流3h。冷却后加入(0.18g,0.2mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II),PdCl2(dppf)(1.42mg,0.008mmol),加热回流12h。反应结束后加入20mL水终止反应,加入6M的盐酸酸化分解,然后用二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干溶剂得粗产品。粗产品经柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=6:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)0.13g,产率70%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.28(s,8H),7.09-7.12(m,4H),6.99-7.02(m,4H),6.90-6.92(m,4H),3.73(s,8H),3.56-3.67(t,J=14.8Hz,8H),1.56-1.61(q,8H),0.79-0.83(t,J=15.2Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ156.5,144.8,133.9,128.1,127.6,127.4,123.2,121.5.
步骤3:化合物(IV)的制备
在装有磁力搅拌器的100mL三口瓶中依次加入重蒸的DMF(10.00mL,3.19mmol)和POCl3(1.42mL,9.57mmol),在0℃搅拌0.5h,溶液变成黄色络合物,在0℃时加入(0.7g,0.76mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)的二氯甲烷溶液,加热搅拌12h,反应结束后加入到150mL稀酸溶液中,用二氯甲烷萃取,5%的碳酸氢钠洗,水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干溶剂得粗产品。粗产品经硅胶柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=1:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV)0.59g,产率75%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ9.70(s,4H),7.47-7.48(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.33(s,8H),7.02-7.04(d,J=4.0Hz,4H),3.77-3.81(t,J=14.8Hz,8H),3.56(s,8H),2.05-2.10(q,8H),1.18-1.22(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ182.6,157.8,155.7,141.1,137.6,135.8,128.3,126.4,122.7,75.6,34.9,24.2,11.2.
步骤4:化合物(V)的制备
将(72mg,0.07mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV)溶于(5mL)二氯甲烷和(5mL)丙酮的混合物中,把(55mg,0.67mmol)氨基磺酸和(51mg,0.56mmol)NaClO2溶于1mL水中,并在搅拌下加入到反应液中。室温下搅拌2h,反应结束后蒸干溶剂得粗产品,粗产品用(10%)HCl溶解,过滤得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)50mg,产率65%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.603-7.612(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.410(s,8H),7.288-7.298(d,J=4.0Hz,4H),3.866(s,8H),3.4431-3.476(t,J=14Hz,16H),1.162-1.216(q,8H),0.500-0.537(t,J=14.8Hz,8H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ162.80,157.20,150.71,134.20,134.06,131.75,126.69,125.44,122.68,71.44,36.59,22.18,9.75.
步骤5:化合物(I)的制备
将(70mg,0.064mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)溶于10mL 1,2-二氯乙烷中,冰水浴冷却,将0.1mL SOCl2缓缓滴加到溶液中。然后加热回流5h,冰水浴冷却,搅拌下加入6mL NH3·H2O氨水和10mL CH2Cl2的混合溶液,室温下搅拌12h,反应结束后出现固体,将固体稀释,残余物用THF和水洗涤,得到产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)53mg,产率76%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.88(s,4H),7.64-7.66(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.42(s,8H),7.26-7.27(d,J=4Hz,8H),3.89(s,8H),3.39-3.42(t,J=12.8Hz,8H),1.07-1.12(q,8H),0.44-0.48(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ162.9,157.0,148.7,137.7,134.3,129.7,126.6,126.7,122.5,71.2,36.1,22.0,9.6;TOF-HRMS;C60H60N4O8S4[M+Na]+1115.3192,found,1115.3201.
实施例5
步骤1:化合物(II)的制备
氮气保护下,在装有磁力搅拌器的250mL三口瓶中依次加入(1.80g,3.04mmol)1,3-交替-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(原料),(5.41g,30.4mmol)NBS和100mL甲基乙基酮,室温下搅拌12h。反应结束后,蒸干溶剂,用甲醇洗涤,得粗产品。粗产品经硅胶柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=6:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II)2.48g,产率90%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.16(s,8H),3.55-3.59(q,16H),1.65-1.71(q,8H),0.98-1.01(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ155.6,133.9,130.9,112.8,71.5,33.3,22.8,10.4.
步骤2:化合物(III)的制备
氮气保护下,在装有磁力搅拌器的100mL三口瓶中依次加入(0.65g,4mmol)2-溴噻吩,(0.12g,5mmol)Mg和25mL四氢呋喃,猛烈搅拌至反应回流,然后加热回流3h。冷却后加入(0.18g,0.2mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II),PdCl2(dppf)(1.42mg,0.008mmol),加热回流12h。反应结束后加入20mL水终止反应,加入6M的盐酸酸化分解,然后用二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干溶剂得粗产品。粗产品经柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=6:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)0.13g,产率70%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.28(s,8H),7.09-7.12(m,4H),6.99-7.02(m,4H),6.90-6.92(m,4H),3.73(s,8H),3.56-3.67(t,J=14.8Hz,8H),1.56-1.61(q,8H),0.79-0.83(t,J=15.2Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ156.5,144.8,133.9,128.1,127.6,127.4,123.2,121.5.
步骤3:化合物(IV)的制备
在装有磁力搅拌器的100mL三口瓶中依次加入重蒸的DMF(10.00mL,3.19mmol)和POCl3(1.42mL,9.57mmol),在0℃搅拌0.5h,溶液变成黄色络合物,在0℃时加入(0.7g,0.76mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)的二氯甲烷溶液,加热搅拌12h,反应结束后加入到150mL稀酸溶液中,用二氯甲烷萃取,5%的碳酸氢钠洗,水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干溶剂得粗产品。粗产品经硅胶柱色谱分离(展开剂为石油醚:二氯甲烷=1:1,v/v)得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV)0.59g,产率75%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ9.70(s,4H),7.47-7.48(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.33(s,8H),7.02-7.04(d,J=4.0Hz,4H),3.77-3.81(t,J=14.8Hz,8H),3.56(s,8H),2.05-2.10(q,8H),1.18-1.22(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ182.6,157.8,155.7,141.1,137.6,135.8,128.3,126.4,122.7,75.6,34.9,24.2,11.2.
步骤4:化合物(V)的制备
将(72mg,0.07mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV)溶于(5mL)二氯甲烷和(5mL)丙酮的混合物中,把(55mg,0.67mmol)氨基磺酸和(51mg,0.56mmol)NaClO2溶于1mL水中,并在搅拌下加入到反应液中。室温下搅拌4h,反应结束后蒸干溶剂得粗产品,粗产品用(10%)HCl溶解,过滤得产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)52mg,产率68%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.601-7.610(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.432(s,8H),7.286-7.296(d,J=4.0Hz,4H),3.856(s,8H),3.440-3.475(t,J=14Hz,16H),1.161-1.210(q,8H),0.500-0.537(t,J=14.8Hz,8H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ162.74,157.22,150.61,134.30,134.06,131.68,126.59,126.34,122.68,71.54,36.46,22.22,9.65.
步骤5:化合物(I)的制备
将(70mg,0.064mmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)溶于10mL 1,2-二氯乙烷中,冰水浴冷却,将0.1mL SOCl2缓缓滴加到溶液中。然后加热回流5h,冰水浴冷却,搅拌下加入6mL NH3·H2O氨水和10mL CH2Cl2的混合溶液,室温下搅拌12h,反应结束后出现固体,将固体稀释,残余物用THF和水洗涤,得到产品1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)53mg,产率76%。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.88(s,4H),7.64-7.66(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),7.42(s,8H),7.26-7.27(d,J=4Hz,8H),3.89(s,8H),3.39-3.42(t,J=12.8Hz,8H),1.07-1.12(q,8H),0.44-0.48(t,J=14.8Hz,12H);13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ162.9,157.0,148.7,137.7,134.3,129.7,126.6,126.7,122.5,71.2,36.1,22.0,9.6;TOF-HRMS;C60H60N4O8S4[M+Na]+1115.3192,found,1115.3201.
本发明提供的化合物(I)在溶液中会通过氢键分子组装形成聚合物。
聚合物在超分子化学中的应用实施案例如下:
实施例6
将(5.5mg,5μmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)溶解于无水的7.5mL四氢呋喃和2.5mL正己烷的混合溶剂中,取1mL的混合溶液,密封后开小孔,静置,溶剂慢慢挥发结晶得到1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃的聚合物,将如图2所示,聚合物进行扫描电镜成像,呈规则的片状。
实施例7
将(0.5mg,0.5μmol)1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)溶解于7.5mL四氢呋喃和2.5mL正己烷的混合溶剂中,稀释到浓度为5.0×10-6M,取1mL密封后开小孔,静置,溶剂慢慢挥发结晶得到1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃的聚合物,将聚合物进行扫描电镜成像得到直径约为300nm的一维线形超分子聚合物。
聚合物在发光材料中的应用实施案例如下:
实施例8
化合物(I)在四氢呋喃(THF)溶液中的紫外吸收为321nm,荧光发射为390nm。
化合物(I)在甲酰胺(DMF)溶液中的紫外吸收为326nm,荧光发射为402nm。
化合物(I)在二甲基亚砜(DMSO)溶液中的紫外吸收为328nm,荧光发射为446nm。
化合物(I)的固体荧光发射为446nm。
具体结果见表1和图1。
表1:化合物(I)在溶液四氢呋喃(THF)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中和固体时的紫外吸收和荧光发射
Claims (6)
2.权利要求1所述的一种杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物的制备方法,其特征是包括以下步骤:
(1)、按照摩尔比为1∶8~12的比例取原料1,3-交替-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃和N-溴代丁二酰亚胺,加入溶剂甲基乙基酮将原料溶解,氮气保护,室温搅拌12h,得到1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II);
(2)、在无水四氢呋喃中加入摩尔比为1∶1.25的2-溴噻吩和Mg,氮气保护,猛烈搅拌,回流3h,冷却后按照摩尔比为1∶0.04的比例加入步骤(1)的产物1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(II)和催化剂PdCl2(dppf),加热回流12h,反应完后加入水终止反应,再加入盐酸酸化分解至溶液的pH值为7,得到1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III),其中所述的1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四溴-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃和2-溴噻吩的摩尔比为1∶16~24;
(3)、重蒸的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和三氯氧磷以摩尔比为1:3在0℃搅拌0.5小时,溶液变成黄色络合物,在0℃下加入1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)的二氯甲烷溶液,加热搅拌12h,得到产物1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV);其中1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(III)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的摩尔比为1:4~4.5;
(4)、将1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(IV)溶解在丙酮和二氯甲烷的混合溶剂中,丙酮和二氯甲烷的体积为1:1,将氨基磺酸和亚氯酸钠溶解在水中,再将其溶液加入到上述溶液中,室温搅拌,得到产物1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V),其中所述氨基磺酸和亚氯酸钠的摩尔比为1.2∶1;1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-醛基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃和亚氯酸钠的摩尔比为1∶6~10;反应时间为2~4h;
(5)、将1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)溶解于1,2-二氯乙烷中,冰水浴冷却,慢慢滴加入氯化亚砜,1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-羧酸基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(V)与氯化亚砜的摩尔比为1:30,然后升温回流5h,再冰水浴冷却,加入体积比为3:5的氨水和二氯甲烷的混合溶液,室温反应8~12h,得到产物1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)。
3.权利要求1所述杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物的应用,其特征是在发光材料及超分子化学的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物的应用,其特征是首先将1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)制备成聚合物,然后应用在发光材料及超分子化学。
5.根据权利要求4所述的杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物的应用,其特征是将1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)制备成聚合物的方法如下:
将1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃(I)溶解于无水的四氢呋喃和正己烷的混合溶剂中,体系密封后,开小孔静置,溶剂慢慢挥发结晶得到1,3-交替-5,11,17,23-四(5-酰胺基噻吩基)-25,26,27,28-四正丙氧基杯[4]芳烃的聚合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的杯[4]芳烃酰胺化合物的应用,其特征是所述无水四氢呋喃和正己烷的体积比为2~4:1。
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