CN107887457A - 一种透光太阳能电池及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种透光太阳能电池及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107887457A
CN107887457A CN201711340704.3A CN201711340704A CN107887457A CN 107887457 A CN107887457 A CN 107887457A CN 201711340704 A CN201711340704 A CN 201711340704A CN 107887457 A CN107887457 A CN 107887457A
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electrode
light absorbs
layer
light
solar energy
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张学良
林俊荣
齐维滨
李新宇
王宏
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Beijing Apollo Ding Rong Solar Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Apollo Ding Rong Solar Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711340704.3A priority Critical patent/CN107887457A/zh
Priority to KR1020187034934A priority patent/KR20190072495A/ko
Priority to EP17905902.7A priority patent/EP3525242A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/117413 priority patent/WO2019114009A1/zh
Priority to AU2017409832A priority patent/AU2017409832A1/en
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种透光太阳能电池及其制备方法，透光太阳能电池包括基板；多个第一电极；多个光吸收模块，各个光吸收模块与各个第一电极一一对应，且每个光吸收模块的第一端相对对应的第一电极的第一端延伸出设定长度以形成导电连接端；光吸收模块包覆对应的第一电极除导电连接端以外的区域；间隔的设置在多个光吸收模块上且填充在相邻两个第一电极、相邻两个光吸收模块之间的多个透光的第二电极，各个第二电极与各个第一电极一一对应。通过在基板上间隔设置多个第一电极、多个光吸收模块、多个第二电极，在第一电极及光吸收模块的分割区域填充透光的第二电极，从而使得光线可穿过分割区域的第二电极、以及基板，使得太阳能电池具备透光功。

Description

一种透光太阳能电池及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏电池加工领域，尤其涉及一种透光太阳能电池及其制备方法。
背景技术
CIGS[太阳能薄膜电池CuInxGa(1-x)Se2的简写，主要组成有Cu(铜)、In(铟)、Ga(镓)、Se(硒)]光伏电池发电效率高，制作工艺成熟，是目前主流的光伏电池之一。它主要以玻璃为基板，在玻璃上镀Mo(钼)层、CIGS层、CdS(硫化镉)层、透明的导电氧化物薄膜层TCO(Transparent Conductive Oxide)层，TCO层为受光面。
现在光伏电池不仅用来做电站发电，还有做成玻璃幕墙的需求。在做玻璃幕墙的时候不仅要考虑发电需求，还要考虑美观和透光的需求。
现有CIGS光伏电池一般是黑色的，没有办法透光，无法满足实际需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种透光太阳能电池及其制备方法，以解决现有技术中的问题，使电池透光，满足实际需求。
一方面，本发明提供了一种透光太阳能电池，所述透光太阳能电池包括：
基板；
间隔的设置在所述基板上的多个第一电极；
间隔的设置在所述第一电极上的多个光吸收模块，各个光吸收模块与各个第一电极一一对应，且每个光吸收模块的第一端相对对应的所述第一电极的第一端延伸出设定长度以形成导电连接端；所述光吸收模块包覆对应的第一电极除所述导电连接端以外的区域；间隔的设置在多个所述光吸收模块上且填充在相邻两个第一电极、相邻两个光吸收模块之间的多个透光的第二电极，各个第二电极与各个第一电极一一对应。
作为优选，所述设定长度大于0微米且小于等于100微米。
作为优选，相邻两个第二电极的间隔处位于第一电极上方。
作为优选，所述相邻两个第二电极的间隔处向下延伸，穿过所述第一电极上方的光吸收模块并延伸至所述第一电极的上表面。
作为优选，相邻两个光吸收模块之间的开口与相邻两个第一电极之间的开口部分重合。
作为优选，所述基板包括基板玻璃，所述第一电极包括钼层，所述光吸收模块包括CIGS层与硫化镉层，所述第二电极包括TCO层。
另一方面，本发明还提供一种透光太阳能电池的制备方法，所述制备方法包括：
在基板上形成第一电极层；
将所述第一电极层分隔成多个间隔分布的第一电极；
在所述第一电极上形成光吸收层；
将所述光吸收层分隔成与各个第一电极一一对应的多个光吸收模块，且形成的所述光吸收模块包覆对应的第一电极除导电连接端以外的区域；
在所述光吸收模块上、相邻两个第一电极、相邻两个光吸收模块之间形成透光的第二电极层；
将所述第二电极层分隔成多个间隔的第二电极。
作为优选，所述将所述光吸收层分隔成与各个第一电极一一对应的多个光吸收模块，且形成的所述光吸收模块包覆对应的第一电极除导电连接端以外的区域，具体包括：
将所述光吸收层在与多个第一电极之间的间隔对应的位置处分割开，且分割开的光吸收层与每个第一电极对应的部分包括：位于对应的第一电极上的第一部分以及包裹对应的第一电极的第一侧的第二部分，所述第一侧为第一电极设有导电连接端一侧的相对侧；
去除每个第一电极的导电连接端上的光吸收层形成光吸收模块。
作为优选，所述分隔是通过激光或刻蚀刀刻蚀的方法实现。
作为优选，所述基板包括基板玻璃，所述第一电极包括钼层，所述光吸收模块包括CIGS层与硫化镉层，所述第二电极包括TCO层。
本发明提供的透光太阳能电池及其制备方法，通过在基板上间隔设置多个第一电极、多个光吸收模块、多个第二电极，在第一电极及光吸收模块的分割区域填充透光的第二电极，从而使得光线可穿过分割区域的第二电极、以及基板，从而使得本发明的太阳能电池具备透光功能，进而满足透光等实际需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的透光太阳能电池制备过程的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的透光太阳能电池制备过程的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的透光太阳能电池制备过程的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的透光太阳能电池制备过程的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的透光太阳能电池制备过程的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的透光太阳能电池制备过程的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的透光太阳能电池的结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的透光太阳能电池的制备方法流程示意图。
附图标记说明：
1-基板，2-第一电极，21-第一端，22-第二端，23-导电连接端，3-光吸
收模块，4-第二电极，5-第一电极层，6-光吸收层，7-第二电极层。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能解释为对本发明的限制。
实施例一
如图7所示，本发明实施例提供了一种透光太阳能电池，所述透光太阳能电池包括：基板1；
间隔的设置在所述基板1上的多个第一电极2；
间隔的设置在所述第一电极2上的多个光吸收模块3，各个光吸收模块3与各个第一电极2一一对应，且每个光吸收模块3的第一端相对应的所述第一电极2的第一端延伸出设定长度以形成导电连接端23；所述光吸收模块3包覆对应的第一电极2除所述导电连接端23以外的区域；间隔的设置在多个所述光吸收模块3上且填充在相邻两个第一电极2、相邻两个光吸收模块3之间的多个透光的第二电极4，各个第二电极4与各个第一电极2一一对应。
如图7所示，第一端21即为第一电极2的左侧边缘，而第二端22则为右侧边缘；在第一电极2的第一端21上方设置有导电连接端23，即将第一电极2左侧边缘上方的光吸收模块3全部去掉，形成导电连接端23，作为优选，设定长度大于0微米且小于等于100微米，由于该导电连接端23内填充了第二电极4，通过该导电连接端23，使得下方的第一电极2与左侧的第二电极4接触导通，以此类推，使得各个发电区域(包括相对应的第一电极2和第二电极4)串连在一起；光吸收模块3包覆对应的第一电极2的第二端22，即第一电极2的右侧边缘，以及上表面，目的在于使得光吸收模块3对相对应的第一电极2和第二电极4进行隔离，防止第一电极2与对应的第二电极4接触导通而产生短路。
作为优选，相邻两个光吸收模块3之间的开口与相邻两个第一电极2之间的开口部分重合。所述的开口即为间隔处的开口，两个开口部分重合，目的在于使得各个第一电极2与光吸收模块3能够一一对应，各个发电区域形成串联，而光吸收模块3的右侧边缘距离其右侧的第一电极2的左侧边缘的距离一般设置为5mm，本领域技术人员可知，该距离不做具体限定，根据实际需要灵活设置。
本发明提供的透光太阳能电池，通过在基板1上间隔设置多个第一电极2、多个光吸收模块3、多个第二电极4，在第一电极2及光吸收模块3的分割区域填充透光的第二电极4，从而使得光线可穿过分割区域的第二电极4、以及基板1，即相邻两个第一电极2之间、相邻两个光吸收模块3之间、所述导电连接端23处形成透光区域，从而使得本发明的太阳能电池具备透光功能，进而满足透光等实际需求。
作为优选，相邻两个第二电极4的间隔处位于第一电极2上方。作为优选，所述相邻两个第二电极4的间隔处向下延伸，穿过所述第一电极2上方的光吸收模块3并延伸至所述第一电极2的上表面。如此设置，保证各个第二电极4之间隔离，同时还考虑实际操作方便，即将第一电极2的一部分的上方的光吸收模块3、第二电极4全部除掉，即可形成所述的间隔处。
作为优选，所述基板1包括基板玻璃，所述第一电极2包括钼层，所述光吸收模块3包括CIGS层与硫化镉层，所述第二电极4包括TCO层。
实施例二
如图8所示，也可参见图1-7，本发明另一实施例还提供一种透光太阳能电池的制备方法，所述制备方法包括：
步骤S801：在基板1上形成第一电极层5；
步骤S802：将所述第一电极层5分隔成多个间隔分布的第一电极2；
步骤S803：在所述第一电极2上形成光吸收层6；光吸收层6可以采用镀膜的方式形成。
步骤S804：将所述光吸收层6分隔成与各个第一电极2一一对应的多个光吸收模块3，且形成的所述光吸收模块3包覆对应的第一电极2除导电连接端23以外的区域；
步骤S805：在所述光吸收模块3上、相邻两个第一电极2之间、相邻两个光吸收模块3之间形成透光的第二电极层7；
步骤S806：将所述第二电极层7分隔成多个间隔的第二电极4。
作为优选，步骤S804：所述将所述光吸收层6分隔成与各个第一电极2一一对应的多个光吸收模块3，且形成的所述光吸收模块3包覆对应的第一电极2除导电连接端23以外的区域，具体包括：
将所述光吸收层6在与多个第一电极2之间的间隔对应的位置处分割开，且分割开的光吸收层6与每个第一电极2对应的部分包括：位于对应的第一电极2上的第一部分以及包裹对应的第一电极2的第一侧的第二部分，所述第一侧为第一电极2设有导电连接端23一侧的相对侧；
去除每个第一电极2的导电连接端23上的光吸收层6形成光吸收模块3。
作为优选，所述分隔是通过激光或刻蚀刀刻蚀的方法实现。刻蚀刀刻蚀一般指通过刮刀等机械手段进行操作，实现各个膜层的去除。
作为优选，所述基板1包括基板玻璃，所述第一电极2包括钼层，所述光吸收模块3包括CIGS太阳能薄膜电池层与硫化镉层，所述第二电极4包括TCO透明导电氧化物层。可选的，上述第二电极4也可以为ITO铟锡氧化物半导体透明导电膜层。
其中，将两个第一电极2之间的部分、两个光吸收模块3之间的部分均除去，即进行分隔，是为了留出透光区域，填充第二电极4做准备；而去除每个第一电极2上的第一端21上方的光吸收模块3，是为了形成导电连接端23，即形成留钼层作为发电区域之间串联的连接点；而第一电极2的第一侧即为第一电极2的第二端22的位置的上部及右侧边缘。而TCO层透光性与导电性均较好，因此，选用作为第二电极4。
通过本发明提供的透光太阳能电池制备方法制备的太阳能电池，具备透光功能，进而满足透光、发电等实际需求，工艺简单方便，成本较低。
以上依据图式所示的实施例详细说明了本发明的构造、特征及作用效果，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，但本发明不以图面所示限定实施范围，凡是依照本发明的构想所作的改变，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例，仍未超出说明书与图示所涵盖的精神时，均应在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种透光太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述透光太阳能电池包括：
基板；
间隔的设置在所述基板上的多个第一电极；
间隔的设置在所述第一电极上的多个光吸收模块，各个光吸收模块与各个第一电极一一对应，且每个光吸收模块的第一端相对对应的所述第一电极的第一端延伸出设定长度以形成导电连接端；所述光吸收模块包覆对应的第一电极除所述导电连接端以外的区域；
间隔的设置在多个所述光吸收模块上且填充在相邻两个第一电极、相邻两个光吸收模块之间的多个透光的第二电极，各个第二电极与各个第一电极一一对应。
2.根据权利要求1所述的透光太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述设定长度大于0微米且小于等于100微米。
3.根据权利要求1所述的透光太阳能电池，其特征在于，相邻两个第二电极的间隔处位于第一电极上方。
4.根据权利要求3所述的透光太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述相邻两个第二电极的间隔处向下延伸，穿过所述第一电极上方的光吸收模块并延伸至所述第一电极的上表面。
5.根据权利要求1所述的透光太阳能电池，其特征在于，相邻两个光吸收模块之间的开口与相邻两个第一电极之间的开口部分重合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的透光太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述基板包括基板玻璃，所述第一电极包括钼层，所述光吸收模块包括CIGS层与硫化镉层，所述第二电极包括TCO层。
7.一种透光太阳能电池的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包括：
在基板上形成第一电极层；
将所述第一电极层分隔成多个间隔分布的第一电极；
在所述第一电极上形成光吸收层；
将所述光吸收层分隔成与各个第一电极一一对应的多个光吸收模块，且形成的所述光吸收模块包覆对应的第一电极除导电连接端以外的区域；
在所述光吸收模块上、相邻两个第一电极、相邻两个光吸收模块之间形成透光的第二电极层；
将所述第二电极层分隔成多个间隔的第二电极。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述将所述光吸收层分隔成与各个第一电极一一对应的多个光吸收模块，且形成的所述光吸收模块包覆对应的第一电极除导电连接端以外的区域，具体包括：
将所述光吸收层在与多个第一电极之间的间隔对应的位置处分割开，且分割开的光吸收层与每个第一电极对应的部分包括：位于对应的第一电极上的第一部分以及包裹对应的第一电极的第一侧的第二部分，所述第一侧为第一电极设有导电连接端一侧的相对侧；
去除每个第一电极的导电连接端上的光吸收层形成光吸收模块。
9.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述分隔通过激光或刻蚀刀刻蚀的方法实现。
10.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述基板包括基板玻璃，所述第一电极包括钼层，所述光吸收模块包括CIGS层与硫化镉层，所述第二电极包括TCO层。
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