CN107877124A - Hole back-up ring closing in pressing machine - Google Patents
Hole back-up ring closing in pressing machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107877124A CN107877124A CN201711373619.7A CN201711373619A CN107877124A CN 107877124 A CN107877124 A CN 107877124A CN 201711373619 A CN201711373619 A CN 201711373619A CN 107877124 A CN107877124 A CN 107877124A
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- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- plate
- feeding
- hole
- material strip
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/001—Article feeders for assembling machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/06—Metal-working plant comprising a number of associated machines or apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The present invention relates to hole back-up ring closing in pressing machine, including automatic feed mechanism, automatic material taking mechanism, closing in press-loading device, waste material excision mechanism；Wherein, material strip is wound with the automatic feed mechanism, automatic charging is realized by automatic feed mechanism；The automatic material taking mechanism is arranged on the side of automatic feed mechanism, and the material strip to come from automatic feed mechanism conveying realizes automatic material taking through automatic material taking mechanism；The material that the closing in press-loading device is used to take off automatic material taking mechanism carries out shell nosing treatment, is then fitted on check valve；The waste material excision mechanism is arranged on the side of automatic material taking mechanism material strip output, and waste material excision mechanism is used to be cut off with the waste material after back-up ring to taking out hole.The low problem of existing hole back-up ring feeding, efficiency of assembling can effectively solve the problem that using the pressing machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hole back-up ring processing unit (plant) field, and in particular to a kind of hole back-up ring closing in pressing machine.
Background technology
With the rapid development of Chinese national economy, equipment manufacturing technology is also rapidly developed and improved.Automation
Plant equipment and automatic assembly line are widely used in industry-by-industry and field.In these automatic machine equipments and automatic production line
On, it many times can all use hole back-up ring.Such as check valve, bearing block etc..
Existing hole back-up ring feeding, assembling are generally to use manual operation, but because hole is larger with back-up ring usage quantity,
The diameter of part back-up ring is smaller, so artificial feeding is extremely inefficient；In addition, operated when back-up ring to be installed to the inside in hole by hand
Pretty troublesome, installation difficulty is larger, and the operating time is longer；Mistake also likely occurs if being required if installation direction limitation
Dress, operator may produce fatigue in the prolonged course of work, substantially reduce efficiency, and due to maloperation and
Loading error can also cause product rejection.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of hole back-up ring closing in pressing machine, to solve existing hole back-up ring feeding, dress
Low with efficiency, the problem of maloperation easily occurs for assembling process.
To achieve the above object, hole provided by the invention back-up ring closing in pressing machine, hole provided by the invention is filled with back-up ring
With machine, including：Automatic feed mechanism, automatic material taking mechanism, closing in press-loading device, waste material excision mechanism；Wherein, it is described it is automatic on
Material strip is wound with material mechanism, automatic charging is realized by automatic feed mechanism；The automatic material taking mechanism is arranged on automatic
Expect the side of mechanism, the material strip to come from automatic feed mechanism conveying realizes automatic material taking through automatic material taking mechanism；The receipts
The material that mouth press-loading device is used to take off automatic material taking mechanism carries out shell nosing treatment, is then fitted on check valve；It is described
Waste material excision mechanism is arranged on the side of automatic material taking mechanism material strip output, after waste material excision mechanism is used for taking out hole back-up ring
Waste material cut off.
As a preference of the present invention, the automatic feed mechanism includes：Support frame, buncher, rotary shaft, charging tray, material
Disk baffle plate, installation pad, locking hand are turned round；Wherein, motor mounting plate, rolling bearing are installed on support frame as described above；The speed governing electricity
Machine is arranged on motor mounting plate, and the output shaft of buncher is connected by one end of shaft coupling and rotary shaft；The rotary shaft
On rolling bearing, buncher drives rotary shaft to be rotated；The circumference of the rotary shaft is machined with back-up ring, back-up ring with
Rotary shaft is processed as one formula structure, mounting hole is machined with the rotation the tip of the axis, on the rotary shaft close to the position of back-up ring
Put the charging tray for being provided with circular configuration；The opposite side of the charging tray is sequentially installed with charging tray baffle plate, installation pad, and the locking hand is turned round
It is fixed on through installation pad in mounting hole, is turned round by locking hand by charging tray fixation on the rotary shaft, pass through the rotational band of rotary shaft
Dynamic rotation of disc；Material strip storage tank is machined with the charging tray, is stored in hole with the material strip of back-up ring on material strip storage tank,
Rotation of disc is driven by buncher, realizes Automatic-feeding；Flat key is additionally provided between the rotary shaft and charging tray.
As present invention further optimization, the automatic material taking mechanism includes：Mounting bracket, mounting base, material strip are oriented to
Plate, cover plate, fixed hand torsion, material strip locating piece, length feed cylinder, material strip pressing plate, feeding fixed block, fixed installation plate, floating
Plate, linear bearing, traverse feed cylinder, traverse feed cylinder mounting seat, cylinder rebound, guide pillar, floating junction, press fitting gas
Cylinder, feeding pressure head, feeding pressure head guide pin bushing, back-moving spring；
Wherein, the mounting bracket be arranged on mounting base on, mounting bracket top set lift cylinder, the lift cylinder with
Elevating lever connects, and is provided with line slideway in the bottom of mounting bracket, the movable plate that can enter line slip is provided with line slideway,
In the buffer that is provided at both ends with of line slideway, the side wall of the movable plate is connected with mounting blocks, and the mounting blocks are with promoting gas
Cylinder connects；Support frame is additionally provided with the movable plate, the bottom of support frame as described above is provided with installing plate；In the installing plate
On be provided with material fetching mechanism；The lift cylinder drives elevating lever to carry out elevating movement, and elevating lever is pressed on material fetching mechanism, makes to take
Material mechanism realizes that feeding operates；
Two fixed installation plates are installed on the mounting base, being provided with material strip on two described fixed installation plates leads
Turned round to plate, feeding fixed block, on the material strip guide plate by fixed hand and cover plate is installed, the cover plate is used to limit material strip
Moving displacement, shift in anti-stopping materials strip transmit process；Traverse feed cylinder is installed in the bottom of the material strip guide plate
Mounting seat, traverse feed cylinder is installed in the traverse feed cylinder mounting seat, gas is installed on the traverse feed cylinder
Cylinder rebound；Material strip pressing plate is installed, the material strip pressing plate is machined with material taking hole on the feeding fixed block；Consolidate in the feeding
The centre position for determining block and material strip guide plate is also equipped with length feed cylinder, and the length feed cylinder is arranged on cylinder transition
On plate；Material strip locating piece is installed on the length feed cylinder；It is machined with the material strip locating piece on two and material strip
Hole back-up ring circular hole matching alignment pin, when length feed cylinder starts, alignment pin is interspersed on material strip hole gear just
In the circular hole of circle, drive locating piece to move forward and backward by traverse feed cylinder, material strip is sequentially passed through cover plate, material strip pressing plate, it is real
Existing material strip auto-feed；Press fitting cylinder is installed below the mounting base, being provided with floating on the press fitting cylinder connects
Head；Float plate is installed on the floating junction；The float plate is arranged on the lower section of feeding fixed block；In the float plate
The position corresponding with material strip pressing plate is provided with feeding pressure head, and the feeding pressure head is fixed by feeding pressure head guide pin bushing installed in feeding
On block, feeding pressure head on same vertical curve, is provided with back-moving spring with the material taking hole on material strip pressing plate on the feeding pressure head,
Feeding pressure head relative feeding fixed block in the presence of cylinder is pressed can carry out elevating movement；The feeding pressure head just on
Side is additionally provided with material fetching mechanism；The material fetching mechanism is connected with vacuum generator, has material fetching mechanism end face by vacuum generator
Negative pressure, during feeding, material fetching mechanism is clamped in the presence of lift cylinder with feeding pressure head, and hole is removed from material strip with back-up ring,
Material fetching mechanism utilizes the negative pressure that end face is formed, and hole back-up ring is adsorbed in end face, recycles movable plate to keep off the hole taken off
The position that circle is put into closing in press-loading device carries out shell nosing treatment.
As the present invention still more preferably, the closing in press-loading device includes：Receipts on material strip guide plate
Muzzle feeding cylinder, the closing in set base for feeding cylinder and being connected, the closing in set on closing in set base, setting are covered with closing in
Lift cylinder directly over the set that closes up and on the mounting bracket, the elevating lever being connected with lift cylinder, it is arranged on and bottom is installed
It is used for the support in pilot hole back-up ring on plate and is assembled the support column of valve base, the cylinder being fixed on movable plate installation branch
Frame, the telescopic cylinder on Cylinder mount bracket, the cylinder connecting plate connected with the telescopic end of telescopic cylinder, it is arranged on and stretches
The side of contracting cylinder and fixed seat on the cylinder connecting plate, it is interspersed in inside fixed seat by closing in mounting blocks fixed plate
The closing in mounting blocks that are fixed on cylinder connecting plate, by being pressed press fitting bar, suit of the bar guide pin bushing on closing in mounting blocks
In the spring being pressed on bar, it is arranged on the closure of press fitting bar end, with being pressed the inlet suction port and inlet suction port that are connected inside bar
The vacuum generator of connection, the end face of press fitting bar is formed negative pressure by vacuum generator, be arranged on directly over support column and pacify
Press fitting cylinder on mounting bracket, with the elevating lever of press fitting cylinder connection, it is corresponding with set position of closing up and be arranged on floating
Closing in push rod on plate；Wherein, the closing in push rod is arranged on feeding fixed block by closing in push rod guide pin bushing, is pushed up by closing up
Bar and the lift cylinder directly over the set that closes up, by hole with back-up ring press-in closing in mounting blocks, complete device to hole back-up ring
Shell nosing treatment, shell nosing treatment exhaust hood mounting bracket are moved to the surface of support column in the presence of movable plate, pass through installation
The collective effect of press fitting cylinder and telescopic cylinder directly over support column, by hole retainer-ring press mounting to valve inner.
As the present invention still more preferably, the waste material excision mechanism includes：Mounting base, installed in mounting base
On riser, be arranged on the rear bearing sheet of riser side, be arranged on riser opposite side front end panel, on front end panel
Guide pad, the installation cover plate on guide pad, on riser and be arranged on above front end panel cylinder installation
Plate, the cylinder being arranged on cylinder mounting plate, the cylinder contiguous block being connected with cylinder, the punch-pin being connected with cylinder contiguous block；
Wherein, supporting plate is additionally provided between the cylinder mounting plate and riser, is machined with the centre position of the guide pad
Material strip storage tank, remove hole and be arranged on the waste material after back-up ring in material strip storage tank；In the guide pad close to one end of punch-pin
Cavity plate is installed；The cavity plate is arranged on front end panel and is connected with guide pad；It is provided with the opposite side of the cavity plate convex
Mould guide pad, male die guide block are arranged on front end panel, and chute is machined with the centre of male die guide block, and the punch-pin is set
In chute, and it can be slided up and down in chute；The end of the punch-pin is blade structure diagonally downward, and punch-pin is used
Cut off in by the waste material to come from the conveying of material strip storage tank；Waste material material road is additionally provided with immediately below the punch-pin, it is described
Waste material material road is fixed on guide pad, is discharged for will cut the waste material to get off.
As the present invention still more preferably, the material fetching mechanism includes：First guide sleeve, feeding bar, first are fixed
Set, the first spring, feeding bar Anti-rotary block；Wherein, on a mounting board, the feeding bar is interspersed in for first guide sleeve installation
In one guide sleeve, multiple through holes are machined with the end of feeding bar；The through hole is connected with the joint on feeding bar side wall；It is described
Joint is connected with vacuum generator；First fixed cover is sleeved on feeding bar, and one end of the first fixed cover is fixed on installation
On plate, the first spring is provided between the first fixed cover and feeding bar；The top of first spring is provided with feeding bar
Anti-rotary block；The feeding bar Anti-rotary block is fixed on the top of feeding bar, and when needing feeding, material fetching mechanism is moved into material taking hole
Position, now start lift cylinder, the elevating lever on lift cylinder will promote feeding bar to move downward carry out feeding, while profit
Hole back-up ring is adsorbed in the end face of feeding bar with the negative pressure that feeding rod end surface is formed.
The present invention is also equipped with sensor stand, the biography in the front end of the fixed installation plate, i.e. material strip feed entrance point
Photoelectric testing sensor is installed, the photoelectric testing sensor is for detecting whether there is material strip on sensor bracket；In the pressure
Displacement transducer detection block is installed on dress bar, is provided with displacement transducer below institute's displacement sensors detection block, passes through
Whether the precision, installation dimension after displacement transducer detection dress are qualified.
The present invention also sets up dedusting mechanism on the installing plate, and the dedusting mechanism includes：Second guide sleeve, dedusting
Bar, the second fixed cover, second spring, dust-removing rod Anti-rotary block；Wherein, the second guide sleeve installation is on a mounting board, described to remove
Dirt bar is interspersed in the second guide sleeve, and a dedusting hole is machined with the center of dust-removing rod, is provided with the end of dedusting hole
Sealing ring；The dedusting hole connects with vacuum pipe, is acted on by vacuum suction and carries out dedusting；Second fixed cover is sleeved on
On dust-removing rod, one end of the second fixed cover is fixed on a mounting board, and the second bullet is provided between the second fixed cover and dust-removing rod
Spring；The top of the second spring is provided with dust-removing rod Anti-rotary block；The dust-removing rod Anti-rotary block is fixed on the top of dust-removing rod,
After the completion of feeding, dedusting mechanism is moved to the position of material taking hole by movable plate, now starts lift cylinder, lift cylinder
On elevating lever by promote dust-removing rod move downward, iron filings caused by reclaiming process are drawn onto very by dedusting hole, vacuum pipe
In vacant duct.By installing dedusting mechanism, it is set to be synchronized with the movement with material fetching mechanism, it is timely using dedusting mechanism after the completion of feeding
Iron filings caused by clearing up reclaiming process, avoid iron filings wearing part caused by feeding, cause can not normal feeding phenomenon hair
It is raw.
The advantages and positive effects of the present invention：
（1）Hole provided by the invention retainer-ring press mounting machine install compact, occupies little space, can not only realize automatic feed, together
When can also realize automatic material taking, the back-up ring after automatic material taking can also carry out shell nosing treatment by closing in pressing machine, then from
Dynamic assembling；Hole back-up ring installation accuracy rate can be greatly improved using the pressing machine, reduces production cost, the pressing machine is applied to
Batch production type enterprise.In addition, it can also avoid filling the generation of phenomenon by mistake using the pressing machine.
（2）The present invention is used the hole after removing after feeding is completed using automatic material taking mechanism, by closing in press-loading device
Back-up ring carries out shell nosing treatment, and during shell nosing treatment, closing in mounting blocks use floating structure, can so make error can in 1mm
Guarantee is installed successfully（Assembly precision error is usually in ± 0.3mm）；In addition, using closing in press-loading device by back-up ring outside dimension
Fixed after diminishing, also allow for turning to be fitted in check valve by hole back-up ring.
（3）Caused waste material can cut off mechanism by waste material and be cut in time after automatic material taking mechanism feeding of the present invention
Remove, drain, avoid the long transmission for hindering material strip of waste material, influence automatic material taking.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of back-up ring closing in pressing machine in hole of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of back-up ring closing in pressing machine in hole of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is A-A sectional views in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is B-B sectional views in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the front view of automatic feed mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the profile of A-A top half in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the overall structure diagram of automatic material taking mechanism；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of mounting bracket of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the first angle of mounting base；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of second of angle of mounting base；
Figure 11 is the top view of mounting base；
Figure 12 is Figure 11 profile；
Figure 13 is the structural representation of material fetching mechanism and dedusting mechanism；
Figure 14 is Figure 13 top view；
Figure 15 is the profile of S-S in Figure 14；
Figure 16 is feeding boom end enlarged drawing；
Figure 17 is the structural representation of Cylinder mount bracket；
Figure 18 is the profile of C-C in Figure 17；
Figure 19 is the overall structure diagram that waste material of the present invention cuts off mechanism；
Figure 20 is that cavity plate of the present invention coordinates the structural representation cut with punch-pin.
Reference：Automatic feed mechanism A, automatic material taking mechanism B, closing in press-loading device C, waste material excision mechanism D, feeding
Mechanism E, dedusting mechanism F, buncher a1, shaft coupling a2, rolling bearing a3, rotary shaft a4, charging tray a5, charging tray baffle plate a6, lock
Tight hand turns round a7, flat key a8, motor mounting plate a9, support frame a10, installation pad a11, material strip storage tank a51；
Mounting base b1, support column b2, the set b3 that closes up, the set base b4 that closes up, the set feeding cylinder b5 that closes up, material strip guide plate b6,
Cover plate b7, fixed hand turn round b8, photoelectric testing sensor b9, sensor stand b10, material strip locating piece b11, length feed cylinder
B12, material strip pressing plate b13, feeding fixed block b14, fixed installation plate b15, float plate b16, linear bearing b17, traverse feed gas
Cylinder b18, traverse feed cylinder mounting seat b19, cylinder rebound b20, closing in push rod b21, closing in push rod guide pin bushing b22, guide pillar
B23, floating junction b24, press fitting cylinder b25, feeding pressure head b26, feeding pressure head guide pin bushing b27, back-moving spring b28, mounting bracket
B29, lift cylinder b30, elevating lever b31, line slideway b32, buffer b33, movable plate b34, mounting blocks b35, pusher cylinder
B36, support frame b37, installing plate b38, the first guide sleeve b39, feeding bar b40, the first fixed cover b41, the first spring b42, take
Expect bar Anti-rotary block b43, joint b44, the second guide sleeve b45, dust-removing rod b46, the second fixed cover b47, second spring b48, dedusting
Bar Anti-rotary block b49, sealing ring b50, material taking hole b131；
Cylinder mount bracket c1, telescopic cylinder c2, cylinder connecting plate c3, fixed seat c4, closing in mounting blocks fixed plate c5, closing in peace
Fill block c6, press fitting bar guide pin bushing c7, press fitting bar c8, spring c9, closure c10, inlet suction port c11, press fitting cylinder c12；
Supporting plate d1, cylinder mounting plate d2, riser d3, rear bearing sheet d4, front end panel d5, mounting base d6, waste material material road d7,
Guide pad d8, installation cover plate d9, cavity plate d10, male die guide block d11, punch-pin d12, cylinder contiguous block d13, cylinder d14, material strip
Storage tank d81.
Embodiment
To enable those skilled in the art to be better understood from technical scheme and its advantage, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
The application is described in detail, but the protection domain being not intended to limit the present invention.
Refering to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, hole retainer ring assembling machine provided by the invention, including：Automatic feed mechanism A, automatic material fetching machine
Structure B, closing in press-loading device C, waste material excision mechanism D；Wherein, material strip is wound with the automatic feed mechanism A, on automatic
Material mechanism realizes automatic charging；The automatic material taking mechanism B is arranged on the side of automatic feed mechanism, defeated from automatic feed mechanism
The material strip brought realizes automatic material taking through automatic material taking mechanism；The closing in press-loading device C is used for automatic material taking mechanism
The material taken off carries out shell nosing treatment, is then fitted on check valve；The waste material excision mechanism D is arranged on automatic material fetching machine
The side of structure B material strips output, waste material excision mechanism D are used to be cut off with the waste material after back-up ring to taking out hole.
Refering to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the automatic feed mechanism A includes：Support frame a10, buncher a1, rotary shaft a4, charging tray
A5, charging tray baffle plate a6, installation pad a11, locking hand turn round a7；Wherein, motor mounting plate a9, rolling are installed on support frame as described above a10
Dynamic bearing a3；The buncher a1 is arranged on motor mounting plate a9, buncher a1 output shaft by shaft coupling a2 with
Rotary shaft a4 one end connection；The rotary shaft a4 is arranged on rolling bearing a3, and buncher a1 drives rotary shaft a4 to carry out
Rotation；The circumference of the rotary shaft a4 is machined with back-up ring a41, back-up ring a41 and rotary shaft a4 and is processed as one formula structure, described
Rotary shaft a4 end is machined with mounting hole（It is unmarked）, circular knot is installed close to back-up ring a41 position on rotary shaft a4
The charging tray a5 of structure；The opposite side of the charging tray a5 is sequentially installed with charging tray baffle plate a6, installation pad a11, and the locking hand is turned round a7 and worn
Cross installation pad a11 to be fixed in mounting hole, charging tray a5 is fixed on rotary shaft a4 by locking hand torsion a7, passes through rotary shaft a4
Rotation drive charging tray a5 to rotate；Material strip storage tank a51 is machined with the charging tray a5, the material strip storage with hole back-up ring
On material strip storage tank a51, drive charging tray a5 to rotate by buncher a1, realize Automatic-feeding；In the rotary shaft and material
Flat key a8 is additionally provided between disk, by installing flat key a8, prevents charging tray a5 from being rotated on rotary shaft a4.
Refering to Fig. 7 to Figure 12, the automatic material taking mechanism B includes：Mounting bracket b29, mounting base b1, material strip guide plate
B6, cover plate b7, fixed hand turn round b8, material strip locating piece b11, length feed cylinder b12, material strip pressing plate b13, feeding fixed block
B14, plate b15, float plate b16, linear bearing b17, traverse feed cylinder b18, traverse feed cylinder mounting seat is fixedly mounted
B19, cylinder rebound b20, guide pillar b23, floating junction b24, press fitting cylinder b25, feeding pressure head b26, feeding pressure head guide pin bushing
B27, back-moving spring b28；
Wherein, the mounting bracket b29 is arranged on mounting base b1, and lift cylinder b30, institute are set in mounting bracket b29 top
State lift cylinder b30 to be connected with elevating lever b31, line slideway b32 is provided with mounting bracket b29 bottom, on line slideway b32
The movable plate b34 of line slip can be entered by being provided with, and buffer b33, the side of the movable plate are provided at both ends with line slideway
Wall is connected with mounting blocks b35, and the mounting blocks b35 is connected with pusher cylinder b36；Branch is additionally provided with the movable plate b34
Support b37, support frame as described above b37 bottom are provided with installing plate b38；Material fetching mechanism E is provided with the installing plate b38；
The lift cylinder b30 drives elevating lever b31 to carry out elevating movement, and elevating lever b31 is pressed on material fetching mechanism E, makes material fetching mechanism
Realize that feeding operates；
Two fixed installation plate b15 are installed on the mounting base b1, is fixedly mounted on plate b15 and installs at described two
There is material strip guide plate b6, b8 turned round by fixed hand on feeding fixed block b14, the material strip guide plate b6 cover plate b7, institute are installed
The moving displacement that cover plate b7 is used to limit material strip is stated, is shifted in anti-stopping materials strip transmit process；In the material strip guide plate b6
Bottom be provided with traverse feed cylinder mounting seat b19, the traverse feed cylinder mounting seat b19 traverse feed gas be installed
Cylinder rebound b20 is installed on cylinder b18, the traverse feed cylinder b18；Material strip is installed on the feeding fixed block b14
Pressing plate b13, the material strip pressing plate b13 are machined with material taking hole b131；In the centre of the feeding fixed block and material strip guide plate b6
Position is also equipped with length feed cylinder b12, the length feed cylinder b12 on cylinder rebound b20；Described vertical
Material strip locating piece b11 is installed on to feeding cylinder b12；Two and the hole on material strip are machined with the material strip locating piece b11
The alignment pin matched with the circular hole of back-up ring, when length feed cylinder b12 starts, alignment pin is interspersed in hole back-up ring on material strip just
Circular hole in, by traverse feed cylinder b18 drive locating piece move forward and backward, material strip is sequentially passed through cover plate b7, material strip pressing plate
B13, realize material strip auto-feed；Press fitting cylinder b25, the press fitting cylinder b25 are installed below the mounting base b1
On floating junction b24 is installed；Float plate b16 is installed on the floating junction b24；The float plate b16 is arranged on feeding
Fixed block b14 lower section；The position corresponding with material strip pressing plate b13 is provided with feeding pressure head b26, institute on the float plate b16
State feeding pressure head b26 to be arranged on feeding fixed block b14 by feeding pressure head guide pin bushing b27, feeding pressure head b26 and material strip pressing plate
Material taking hole b131 on b13 is provided with back-moving spring b28, feeding pressure head on same vertical curve on the feeding pressure head b26
B26 relative feeding fixed block b14 in the presence of cylinder b25 is pressed can carry out elevating movement；In the feeding pressure head just
Top is additionally provided with material fetching mechanism E；The material fetching mechanism E is connected with vacuum generator, makes material fetching mechanism end by vacuum generator
There is a negative pressure in face, and during feeding, material fetching mechanism E is clamped in the presence of lift cylinder b30 with feeding pressure head b26, by hole back-up ring from
Removed on material strip, material fetching mechanism utilizes the negative pressure that end face is formed, and hole back-up ring is adsorbed in end face, recycles movable plate b34 will
The position that the hole taken off is put into closing in press-loading device C with back-up ring carries out shell nosing treatment；
To prevent float plate b16 from play occurs during moving up and down, two linear axis are installed on the mounting base b1
B17 is held, guide pillar b23 is installed in the linear bearing b17, the guide pillar b23 is fixed on float plate b16.
The present invention is also equipped with sensor stand b10 in the front end of the fixed installation plate b15, i.e. material strip feed entrance point,
Photoelectric testing sensor b9 is installed, the photoelectric testing sensor b9 is for detecting whether have on the sensor stand b10
Material strip, if without web feed, automatic material taking mechanism B is stopped.
Buffer b33 of the present invention is hydraulic bjuffer, and buffer is arranged on buffer installing plate b331, described
Buffer installing plate is fixed on mounting bracket b29, to control slide displacement of the movable plate on line slide rail, in the buffer
Caging bolt b332 is additionally provided with installing plate.
The present invention also sets up dedusting mechanism F on the installing plate b38, by installing dedusting mechanism, makes itself and reclaimer
Structure is synchronized with the movement, and dedusting mechanism is moved into feeding position after the completion of feeding, and reclaiming process is cleared up in time using dedusting mechanism
Caused iron filings, iron filings wearing part caused by feeding is avoided, causing can not normal feeding.
When installing dedusting mechanism F, dust removal process operation can directly utilize the lifting directly over the back-up ring feeding position of hole
Cylinder b30, dedusting mechanism F is driven by the elevating lever b31 being connected with lift cylinder b30, completes dust removal process.
Refering to Figure 13 to Figure 16, the material fetching mechanism E includes：First guide sleeve b39, feeding bar b40, the first fixed cover
B41, the first spring b42, feeding bar Anti-rotary block b43；Wherein, the first guide sleeve b39 is arranged on installing plate b38, described
Feeding bar b40 is interspersed in the first guide sleeve, and multiple through holes are machined with the end of feeding bar；The through hole and feeding bar side wall
On joint b44 connections；The joint b44 is connected with vacuum generator；The first fixed cover b41 is sleeved on feeding bar b40
On, the first fixed cover b41 one end is fixed on installing plate b38, is provided between the first fixed cover b41 and feeding bar b40
First spring b42；The top of the first spring b42 is provided with feeding bar Anti-rotary block b43；The feeding bar Anti-rotary block b43
Feeding bar b40 top is fixed on, when needing feeding, material fetching mechanism E is moved to material taking hole b131 position, now started
Elevating lever b31 on lift cylinder b30, lift cylinder b30 will promote feeding bar b40 to move downward carry out feeding, utilize simultaneously
The negative pressure that feeding bar b4 end faces are formed adsorbs hole back-up ring in feeding bar b4 end face.
The dedusting mechanism F includes：Second guide sleeve b45, dust-removing rod b46, the second fixed cover b47, second spring b48,
Dust-removing rod Anti-rotary block b49；Wherein, the second guide sleeve b45 is arranged on installing plate b38, and the dust-removing rod b46 is interspersed in the
In two guide sleeves, a dedusting hole is machined with the center of dust-removing rod, sealing ring b50 is provided with the end of dedusting hole；Institute
State dedusting hole to connect with vacuum pipe, acted on by vacuum suction and carry out dedusting；The second fixed cover b47 is sleeved on dust-removing rod
On b46, one end of the second fixed cover is fixed on installing plate b38, and the second bullet is provided between the second fixed cover and dust-removing rod
Spring b48；Dust-removing rod Anti-rotary block b49 is provided with the top of the second spring；The dust-removing rod Anti-rotary block is fixed on dust-removing rod
Top, after the completion of feeding, dedusting mechanism is moved to the position of material taking hole by movable plate, now starts lift cylinder
Elevating lever b31 on b30, lift cylinder b30 will promote dust-removing rod to move downward, by dedusting hole, vacuum pipe by feeding mistake
Iron filings are drawn onto in vacuum pipe caused by journey.
Refering to Fig. 4, Fig. 9, Figure 12, Figure 17, Figure 18, the closing in press-loading device C includes：On material strip guide plate b6
Closing in set feeding cylinder b5, be connected with the set feeding cylinder that closes up closing in set base b4, installed in closing in cover the receipts on base
Muzzle b3, it is arranged on directly over the set b3 that closes up and the lift cylinder b30 on the mounting bracket b29, is connected with lift cylinder b30
Elevating lever b31, be arranged on mounting base b1 and be used for the support in pilot hole back-up ring and be assembled the support column of valve base
B2, the Cylinder mount bracket c1 being fixed on movable plate b34, the telescopic cylinder c2 on Cylinder mount bracket, with it is flexible
The connected cylinder connecting plate c3 of the telescopic end of cylinder, it is arranged on telescopic cylinder c2 side and consolidating on cylinder connecting plate
Reservation c4, it is interspersed in inside fixed seat c4 the closing in mounting blocks being fixed on by closing in mounting blocks fixed plate c5 on cylinder connecting plate
C6, by being pressed press fitting bar c8s of the bar guide pin bushing c7 on the closing in mounting blocks c6, the spring c9 being sleeved on press fitting bar, setting
It is being pressed the closure c10 of bar end, is being sent out with the inlet suction port c11 connected inside press fitting bar c8, the vacuum being connected with inlet suction port
Raw device, press fitting bar c8 end face is set to form negative pressure, be arranged on directly over support column and be arranged on mounting bracket by vacuum generator
Press fitting cylinder c12 on b29, the elevating lever b31 with being pressed cylinder c12 connections, to cover with closing in b3 positions corresponding and be arranged on
Closing in push rod b21 on float plate b16；Wherein, the closing in push rod b21 is consolidated by closing in push rod guide pin bushing b22 installed in feeding
Determine on block b14, by closing in push rod b21 and the lift cylinder b30 directly over the set b3 that closes up, hole is pressed into back-up ring and received
In mouth mounting blocks c6, the shell nosing treatment of device to hole back-up ring, effects of the shell nosing treatment exhaust hood mounting bracket c1 in movable plate are completed
Support column b2 surface is moved to, passes through the press fitting cylinder c12's and telescopic cylinder c2 directly over support column
Collective effect, by hole retainer-ring press mounting to valve inner.
Refering to Fig. 4, material fetching mechanism E of the present invention, dedusting mechanism F, press fitting bar c8 are synchronous in the presence of movable plate
Motion, material fetching mechanism E are arranged on dedusting mechanism F and are pressed bar c8 centre, during material fetching mechanism E feedings, the hole closed up on set b3
It is pressed into back-up ring in the presence of closing in push rod b21 in closing in mounting blocks c6；After the completion of material fetching mechanism E feedings, shifting is utilized
The hole taken off is again placed on closing in set b3 by dynamic plate with back-up ring；Now, dedusting mechanism F is moved to feeding position, passes through
Lift cylinder b30 driving dedusting mechanisms directly over material taking hole carry out dust removal process；Press fitting bar c8 is moved to the valve for needing to assemble
Body position, in press fitting cylinder c12 and telescopic cylinder c2 collective effect, press fitting bar c8 will be pressed into closing in mounting blocks c6 in advance
Hole retainer-ring press mounting in the valve body of support column.
Whether press fitting is qualified when being assembled for monitoring, and displacement transducer detection block c12, institute are provided with the press fitting bar c8
Displacement transducer c13 is provided with below displacement sensors detection block, by displacement transducer can detect dress after precision,
Whether installation dimension is qualified.
Refering to Figure 19, Figure 20, the waste material excision mechanism includes：Mounting base d6, the riser on mounting base
D3, the rear bearing sheet d4 for being arranged on riser side, the front end panel d5 for being arranged on riser opposite side, on front end panel
Guide pad d8, the installation cover plate d9 on guide pad d8, on riser and the cylinder that is arranged on above front end panel
Installing plate d2, the cylinder d14 being arranged on cylinder mounting plate, the cylinder contiguous block d13 being connected with cylinder and cylinder contiguous block connect
The punch-pin d12 connect；Wherein, supporting plate d1 is additionally provided between the cylinder mounting plate d2 and riser d3, in the guide pad d8
Centre position be machined with material strip storage tank d81, remove hole and be arranged on the waste material after back-up ring in material strip storage tank d81；Institute
State guide pad d8 and cavity plate d10 is installed close to punch-pin d12 one end；The cavity plate d10 is arranged on front end panel d5 and with leading
It is connected to block d8；Male die guide block d11 is installed in the opposite side of the cavity plate d10, male die guide block d11 is arranged on front support
On plate d5, chute is machined with male die guide block d11 centre, the punch-pin d12 is arranged in chute, and can in chute
Slided up and down；The end of the punch-pin d12 is blade structure diagonally downward, and punch-pin d12 is used for will be from material strip storage tank
The waste material to come is conveyed to be cut off；Waste material material road d7 is additionally provided with immediately below the punch-pin, the waste material material road d7 is fixed
On guide pad d8, discharged for the waste material to get off will to be cut.
Claims (9)
1. hole back-up ring closing in pressing machine, it is characterised in that：Including automatic feed mechanism, automatic material taking mechanism, closing in pressing machine
Structure, waste material excision mechanism；Wherein, material strip is wound with the automatic feed mechanism, is realized by automatic feed mechanism on automatic
Material；The automatic material taking mechanism is arranged on the side of automatic feed mechanism, and the material strip to come from automatic feed mechanism conveying passes through
Automatic material taking mechanism realizes automatic material taking；The material that the closing in press-loading device is used to take off automatic material taking mechanism is received
Mouth processing, is then fitted on check valve；The waste material excision mechanism is arranged on the side of automatic material taking mechanism material strip output, gives up
Material excision mechanism is used to be cut off with the waste material after back-up ring to taking out hole.
2. hole according to claim 1 back-up ring closing in pressing machine, it is characterised in that：The automatic feed mechanism includes branch
Support, buncher, rotary shaft, charging tray, charging tray baffle plate, installation pad, locking hand are turned round；Wherein, electricity is installed on support frame as described above
Machine installing plate, rolling bearing；The buncher is arranged on motor mounting plate, the output shaft of buncher by shaft coupling with
One end connection of rotary shaft；The rotary shaft is arranged on rolling bearing, and buncher drives rotary shaft to be rotated；The rotation
The circumference of rotating shaft is machined with back-up ring, and back-up ring and rotary shaft are processed as one formula structure, and peace is machined with the rotation the tip of the axis
Hole is filled, the charging tray of circular configuration is installed close to the position of back-up ring on the rotary shaft；The opposite side of the charging tray is sequentially installed with
Charging tray baffle plate, pad is installed, the locking hand is turned round to be fixed in mounting hole through installation pad, charging tray is fixed on by locking hand torsion
In rotary shaft, rotation of disc is driven by the rotation of rotary shaft；Material strip storage tank is machined with the charging tray, is kept off with hole
The material strip of circle is stored on material strip storage tank, is driven rotation of disc by buncher, is realized Automatic-feeding；In the rotary shaft
Flat key is additionally provided between charging tray.
3. hole according to claim 1 back-up ring closing in pressing machine, it is characterised in that：The automatic material taking mechanism includes：
Mounting bracket, mounting base, material strip guide plate, cover plate, fixed hand torsion, material strip locating piece, length feed cylinder, material strip pressing plate, take
Expect fixed block, plate, float plate, linear bearing, traverse feed cylinder, traverse feed cylinder mounting seat, cylinder transition is fixedly mounted
Plate, guide pillar, floating junction, press fitting cylinder, feeding pressure head, feeding pressure head guide pin bushing, back-moving spring；
Wherein, the mounting bracket be arranged on mounting base on, mounting bracket top set lift cylinder, the lift cylinder with
Elevating lever connects, and is provided with line slideway in the bottom of mounting bracket, the movable plate that can enter line slip is provided with line slideway,
In the buffer that is provided at both ends with of line slideway, the side wall of the movable plate is connected with mounting blocks, and the mounting blocks are with promoting gas
Cylinder connects；Support frame is additionally provided with the movable plate, the bottom of support frame as described above is provided with installing plate；In the installing plate
On be provided with material fetching mechanism；The lift cylinder drives elevating lever to carry out elevating movement, and elevating lever is pressed on material fetching mechanism, makes to take
Material mechanism realizes that feeding operates；
Two fixed installation plates are installed on the mounting base, being provided with material strip on two described fixed installation plates leads
Turned round to plate, feeding fixed block, on the material strip guide plate by fixed hand and cover plate is installed, the cover plate is used to limit material strip
Moving displacement, shift in anti-stopping materials strip transmit process；Traverse feed cylinder is installed in the bottom of the material strip guide plate
Mounting seat, traverse feed cylinder is installed in the traverse feed cylinder mounting seat, gas is installed on the traverse feed cylinder
Cylinder rebound；Material strip pressing plate is installed, the material strip pressing plate is machined with material taking hole on the feeding fixed block；Consolidate in the feeding
The centre position for determining block and material strip guide plate is also equipped with length feed cylinder, and the length feed cylinder is arranged on cylinder transition
On plate；Material strip locating piece is installed on the length feed cylinder；It is machined with the material strip locating piece on two and material strip
Hole back-up ring circular hole matching alignment pin, when length feed cylinder starts, alignment pin is interspersed on material strip hole gear just
In the circular hole of circle, drive locating piece to move forward and backward by traverse feed cylinder, material strip is sequentially passed through cover plate, material strip pressing plate, it is real
Existing material strip auto-feed；Press fitting cylinder is installed below the mounting base, being provided with floating on the press fitting cylinder connects
Head；Float plate is installed on the floating junction；The float plate is arranged on the lower section of feeding fixed block；In the float plate
The position corresponding with material strip pressing plate is provided with feeding pressure head, and the feeding pressure head is fixed by feeding pressure head guide pin bushing installed in feeding
On block, feeding pressure head on same vertical curve, is provided with back-moving spring with the material taking hole on material strip pressing plate on the feeding pressure head,
Feeding pressure head relative feeding fixed block in the presence of cylinder is pressed can carry out elevating movement；The feeding pressure head just on
Side is additionally provided with material fetching mechanism；The material fetching mechanism is connected with vacuum generator, has material fetching mechanism end face by vacuum generator
Negative pressure, during feeding, material fetching mechanism is clamped in the presence of lift cylinder with feeding pressure head, and hole is removed from material strip with back-up ring,
Material fetching mechanism utilizes the negative pressure that end face is formed, and hole back-up ring is adsorbed in end face, recycles movable plate to keep off the hole taken off
The position that circle is put into closing in press-loading device carries out shell nosing treatment.
4. hole according to claim 1 back-up ring closing in pressing machine, it is characterised in that：The closing in press-loading device includes peace
Closing in set on material strip guide plate feeds cylinder, the closing in set base being connected with the set feeding cylinder that closes up, installed in closing in
Cover the set that closes up on base, the lift cylinder for being arranged on closing in set surface and being arranged on mounting bracket, be connected with lift cylinder
Elevating lever, be arranged on mounting base and be used for the support in pilot hole back-up ring and be assembled support column, the fixation of valve base
Cylinder mount bracket on movable plate, the telescopic cylinder on Cylinder mount bracket, consolidate with the telescopic end of telescopic cylinder
Cylinder connecting plate even, the side for being arranged on telescopic cylinder and the fixed seat being arranged on cylinder connecting plate, it is interspersed in fixed seat
Inside be fixed on by closing in mounting blocks fixed plate on cylinder connecting plate closing in mounting blocks, by be pressed bar guide pin bushing be arranged on receive
Press fitting bar on mouthful mounting blocks, the spring being sleeved on press fitting bar, it is arranged on the closure of press fitting bar end, connects with being pressed inside bar
Logical inlet suction port, the vacuum generator being connected with inlet suction port, by vacuum generator make the end face of press fitting bar formed negative pressure,
It is arranged on the press fitting cylinder directly over support column and on mounting bracket, the elevating lever being connected with press fitting cylinder, is covered with closing up
Position is corresponding and the closing in push rod that is arranged in float plate；Wherein, the closing in push rod is arranged on by closing in push rod guide pin bushing
On feeding fixed block, by closing in push rod and installed in the lift cylinder directly over covering that closes up, hole is pressed into the peace that closes up with back-up ring
Fill in block, complete the shell nosing treatment of device to hole back-up ring, shell nosing treatment exhaust hood mounting bracket is moved in the presence of movable plate
The surface of support column, by the press fitting cylinder and the collective effect of telescopic cylinder directly over support column, hole is used
Retainer-ring press mounting is to valve inner.
5. hole according to claim 1 back-up ring closing in pressing machine, it is characterised in that：The waste material excision mechanism includes peace
Fill bottom plate, the riser on mounting base, the rear bearing sheet for being arranged on riser side, the preceding branch for being arranged on riser opposite side
Fagging, the guide pad on front end panel, the installation cover plate on guide pad, on riser and before being arranged on
Cylinder mounting plate above supporting plate, the cylinder being arranged on cylinder mounting plate, the cylinder contiguous block and cylinder being connected with cylinder
The punch-pin of contiguous block connection；
Wherein, supporting plate is additionally provided between the cylinder mounting plate and riser, is machined with the centre position of the guide pad
Material strip storage tank, remove hole and be arranged on the waste material after back-up ring in material strip storage tank；In the guide pad close to one end of punch-pin
Cavity plate is installed；The cavity plate is arranged on front end panel and is connected with guide pad；It is provided with the opposite side of the cavity plate convex
Mould guide pad, male die guide block are arranged on front end panel, and chute is machined with the centre of male die guide block, and the punch-pin is set
In chute, and it can be slided up and down in chute；The end of the punch-pin is blade structure diagonally downward, and punch-pin is used
Cut off in by the waste material to come from the conveying of material strip storage tank；Waste material material road is additionally provided with immediately below the punch-pin, it is described
Waste material material road is fixed on guide pad, is discharged for will cut the waste material to get off.
6. hole according to claim 3 back-up ring closing in pressing machine, it is characterised in that：The material fetching mechanism is led including first
To set, feeding bar, the first fixed cover, the first spring, feeding bar Anti-rotary block；Wherein, first guide sleeve is arranged on installing plate
On, the feeding bar is interspersed in the first guide sleeve, and multiple through holes are machined with the end of feeding bar；The through hole and feeding bar
Joint connection in side wall；The joint is connected with vacuum generator；First fixed cover is sleeved on feeding bar, and first is solid
Surely the one end covered is fixed on a mounting board, and the first spring is provided between the first fixed cover and feeding bar；In first bullet
The top of spring is provided with feeding bar Anti-rotary block；The feeding bar Anti-rotary block is fixed on the top of feeding bar, will when needing feeding
Material fetching mechanism is moved to the position of material taking hole, now starts lift cylinder, the elevating lever on lift cylinder will promote feeding bar to
Lower motion carries out feeding, while is adsorbed hole back-up ring in the end face of feeding bar using the negative pressure that feeding rod end surface is formed.
7. hole according to claim 3 back-up ring closing in pressing machine, it is characterised in that：Before the fixed installation plate
End, i.e., material strip feed entrance point is also equipped with sensor stand, and photoelectric testing sensor is provided with the sensor stand, described
Photoelectric testing sensor is for detecting whether there is material strip.
8. hole according to claim 3 back-up ring closing in pressing machine, it is characterised in that：Also set up and remove on the installing plate
Dirt mechanism, the dedusting mechanism include：Second guide sleeve, dust-removing rod, the second fixed cover, second spring, dust-removing rod Anti-rotary block；Its
In, on a mounting board, the dust-removing rod is interspersed in the second guide sleeve, in the centre bit of dust-removing rod for the second guide sleeve installation
Put and be machined with a dedusting hole, sealing ring is provided with the end of dedusting hole；The dedusting hole connects with vacuum pipe, passes through vacuum
Suction-operated carries out dedusting；Second fixed cover is sleeved on dust-removing rod, and one end of the second fixed cover is fixed on a mounting board,
Second spring is provided between the second fixed cover and dust-removing rod；The top of the second spring is provided with dust-removing rod anti-rotation
Block；The dust-removing rod Anti-rotary block is fixed on the top of dust-removing rod, after the completion of feeding, is moved to dedusting mechanism by movable plate
The position of material taking hole, now starts lift cylinder, and the elevating lever on lift cylinder will promote dust-removing rod to move downward, and pass through dedusting
Iron filings caused by reclaiming process are drawn onto in vacuum pipe by hole, vacuum pipe.
9. hole according to claim 4 back-up ring closing in pressing machine, it is characterised in that：Position is installed on the press fitting bar
Displacement sensor detection block, displacement transducer is provided with below institute's displacement sensors detection block, is detected by displacement transducer
Whether the precision, installation dimension after dress are qualified.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711373619.7A CN107877124B (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2017-12-19 | Closing-in press-fitting machine for hole retainer ring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711373619.7A CN107877124B (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2017-12-19 | Closing-in press-fitting machine for hole retainer ring |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107877124A true CN107877124A (en) | 2018-04-06 |
| CN107877124B CN107877124B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711373619.7A Active CN107877124B (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2017-12-19 | Closing-in press-fitting machine for hole retainer ring |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110253242A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-09-20 | 苏州托克斯冲压设备有限公司 | Open flap-type closing device |
| CN108857338B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2023-06-27 | 浙江亚太机电股份有限公司 | ABS solenoid valve body retaining ring pressure equipment device |
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| CN107877124B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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