CN107868442A - 一种多孔聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多孔聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107868442A
CN107868442A CN201711218391.4A CN201711218391A CN107868442A CN 107868442 A CN107868442 A CN 107868442A CN 201711218391 A CN201711218391 A CN 201711218391A CN 107868442 A CN107868442 A CN 107868442A
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朱林
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多孔聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法，包括把聚醋酸乙烯酯颗粒包埋在聚氨酯弹性体中，高温氮气流熔化聚醋酸乙烯酯等步骤；本发明的有益效果是：本发明将一定粒度的聚醋酸乙烯酯颗粒与MDI颗粒混合均匀后制备聚氨酯弹性体，聚醋酸乙烯酯颗粒在聚氨酯弹性体中分布均匀，再利用聚醋酸乙烯酯熔点低的特点，在高温氮气流中使其缓慢熔化，从而制备出孔洞均匀的多孔聚氨酯弹性体，本多孔聚氨酯弹性体不仅具备常规聚氨酯弹性体的优异性质，还具有质轻、防噪音以及吸附的功能，本发明易于操作，不涉及有害物，可根据实际需求对多孔聚氨酯弹性体的气孔率和孔径进行设计，可操作性强。

Description

一种多孔聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及聚氨酯领域，尤其涉及一种多孔聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯材料是一种高分子材料，被誉为“第五大塑料”，聚氨酯材料具有机械强度大，耐磨性能好，粘结性强，弹性好，耐候耐油耐老化等优异的性能，可用作涂料、胶黏剂、密封剂、弹性体、泡沫棉等。聚氨酯弹性体是由MDI、脂肪族聚酯或聚醚多元醇在扩链剂和催化剂的作用下生产的一种具有强度高、硬度范围宽、耐磨耐油、吸震、抗辐射等优异特质的聚氨酯，相比于橡胶，聚氨酯弹性体可加热塑化，易于加工成型，可广泛应用于汽车轮胎、建筑、医疗以及制鞋等领域。聚氨酯弹性体虽然具有优异的机械性能和广泛的使用空间，但本身却具有相对较高的重量，其密度略高于1g/cm3，在越来越重视材料轻质化的背景下，在保证本身性质不降低的前提下制备出质轻的聚氨酯弹性体是一种新的趋势。
发明内容
本发明针对解决聚氨酯弹性体轻质化的问题，提供一种多孔聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：
一种多孔聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)制备聚醋酸乙烯酯：称取50-70重量份的醋酸乙烯酯，溶解在去离子水中，加热至40-60℃后保持恒温搅拌，将2-4重量份的引发剂分成10份，间隔30min加入，继续恒温反应5h后停止，将产物过滤后烘干；
2)混合：将步骤1)中所得聚醋酸乙烯酯研磨后过滤得聚醋酸乙烯酯粉末，称取80-100重量份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯固体，研磨后过滤得二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯粉末，将两种粉末充分混合均匀后备用；
3)配制溶解剂：称取15-25重量份的聚四亚甲基醚二醇和40-60重量份的丙三醇，把丙三醇加热到50℃后将聚四亚甲基醚二醇加入，搅拌至完全溶解；
4)浇注固化：将步骤2)所得混合粉末加入到步骤3)制得的溶解剂中，升温至80℃匀速搅拌反应2-3h后停止搅拌，保持80℃真空脱泡30min，将固体MOCA 625目过滤后，取12-15重量份的粉末，一次性加入到脱泡后的溶液中，2000r/min搅拌30秒后快速浇注到模具中，120℃反应1h后取出，脱模后制得聚醋酸乙烯酯-聚氨酯弹性体；
5)成型：将脱模后的聚醋酸乙烯酯-聚氨酯弹性体置入烘箱中恒温100℃烘干，并以10L/min通入循环氮气，烘干5-8h后制得多孔聚氨酯弹性体。
进一步，所述引发剂为过硫酸钾或亚硫酸钠中的一种，所述聚四亚甲基醚二醇的数均分子量为1000。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明将一定粒度的聚醋酸乙烯酯颗粒与MDI颗粒混合均匀后制备聚氨酯弹性体，聚醋酸乙烯酯颗粒在聚氨酯弹性体中分布均匀，再利用聚醋酸乙烯酯熔点低的特点，在高温氮气流中使其缓慢熔化，从而制备出孔洞均匀的多孔聚氨酯弹性体，本多孔聚氨酯弹性体不仅具备常规聚氨酯弹性体的优异性质，还具有质轻、防噪音以及吸附的功能。本发明易于操作，不涉及有害物，可根据实际需求对多孔聚氨酯弹性体的气孔率和孔径进行设计，可操作性强。
具体实施方式
以下结合实例对本发明进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种多孔聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)制备聚醋酸乙烯酯：称取50重量份的醋酸乙烯酯，溶解在去离子水中，加热至40-60℃后保持恒温搅拌，将2重量份的过硫酸钾分成10份，间隔30min加入，继续恒温反应5h后停止，将产物过滤后烘干；
2)混合：将步骤1)中所得聚醋酸乙烯酯研磨后过滤得聚醋酸乙烯酯粉末，称取80重量份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯固体，研磨后过滤得二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯粉末，将两种粉末充分混合均匀后备用；
3)配制溶解剂：称取15重量份数均分子量为1000的聚四亚甲基醚二醇和40重量份的丙三醇，把丙三醇加热到50℃后将聚四亚甲基醚二醇加入，搅拌至完全溶解；
4)浇注固化：将步骤2)所得混合粉末加入到步骤3)制得的溶解剂中，升温至80℃匀速搅拌反应2-3h后停止搅拌，保持80℃真空脱泡30min，将固体MOCA 625目过滤后，取12重量份的粉末，一次性加入到脱泡后的溶液中，2000r/min搅拌30秒后快速浇注到模具中，120℃反应1h后取出，脱模后制得聚醋酸乙烯酯-聚氨酯弹性体；
5)成型：将脱模后的醋酸乙烯酯-聚氨酯弹性体置入烘箱中恒温100℃烘干，并以10L/min通入循环氮气，烘干5-8h后制得多孔聚氨酯弹性体。
实施例2
一种多孔聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)制备聚醋酸乙烯酯：称取70重量份的醋酸乙烯酯，溶解在去离子水中，加热至40-60℃后保持恒温搅拌，将4重量份的亚硫酸钠分成10份，间隔30min加入，继续恒温反应5h后停止，将产物过滤后烘干；
2)混合：将步骤1)中所得聚醋酸乙烯酯研磨后过滤得聚醋酸乙烯酯粉末，称取100重量份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯固体，研磨后过滤得二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯粉末，将两种粉末充分混合均匀后备用；
3)配制溶解剂：称取25重量份数均分子量为1000的聚四亚甲基醚二醇和60重量份的丙三醇，把丙三醇加热到50℃后将聚四亚甲基醚二醇加入，搅拌至完全溶解；
4)浇注固化：将步骤2)所得混合粉末加入到步骤3)制得的溶解剂中，升温至80℃匀速搅拌反应2-3h后停止搅拌，保持80℃真空脱泡30min，将固体MOCA 625目过滤后，取15重量份的粉末，一次性加入到脱泡后的溶液中，2000r/min搅拌30秒后快速浇注到模具中，120℃反应1h后取出，脱模后制得聚醋酸乙烯酯-聚氨酯弹性体；
5)成型：将脱模后的聚醋酸乙烯酯-聚氨酯弹性体置入烘箱中恒温100℃烘干，并以10L/min通入循环氮气，烘干5-8h后制得多孔聚氨酯弹性体。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种多孔聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)制备聚醋酸乙烯酯：称取50-70重量份的醋酸乙烯酯，溶解在去离子水中，加热至40-60℃后保持恒温搅拌，将2-4重量份的引发剂分成10份，间隔30min加入，继续恒温反应5h后停止，将产物过滤后烘干；
2)混合：将步骤1)中所得聚醋酸乙烯酯研磨后过滤得聚醋酸乙烯酯粉末，称取80-100重量份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯固体，研磨后过滤得二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯粉末，将两种粉末充分混合均匀后备用；
3)配制溶解剂：称取15-25重量份的聚四亚甲基醚二醇和40-60重量份的丙三醇，把丙三醇加热到50℃后将聚四亚甲基醚二醇加入，搅拌至完全溶解；
4)浇注固化：将步骤2)所得混合粉末加入到步骤3)制得的溶解剂中，升温至80℃匀速搅拌反应2-3h后停止搅拌，保持80℃真空脱泡30min，将固体MOCA 625目过滤后，取12-15重量份的粉末，一次性加入到脱泡后的溶液中，2000r/min搅拌30秒后快速浇注到模具中，120℃反应1h后取出，脱模后制得聚醋酸乙烯酯-聚氨酯弹性体；
5)成型：将脱模后的聚醋酸乙烯酯-聚氨酯弹性体置入烘箱中恒温100℃烘干，并以10L/min通入循环氮气，烘干5-8h后制得多孔聚氨酯弹性体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多孔聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法，其特征在于，所述引发剂为过硫酸钾或亚硫酸钠中的一种，所述聚四亚甲基醚二醇的数均分子量为1000。
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2020069474A1 (en) 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 Henkel IP & Holding GmbH Use of polyvinylacetate polymers or copolymers to increase the viscosity of the isocyanate component of a two-component curable polymeric system

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