CN107842602A - 齿轮装置 - Google Patents

齿轮装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107842602A
CN107842602A CN201710842013.7A CN201710842013A CN107842602A CN 107842602 A CN107842602 A CN 107842602A CN 201710842013 A CN201710842013 A CN 201710842013A CN 107842602 A CN107842602 A CN 107842602A
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China
Prior art keywords
gear
lubricating oil
cylinder
circumferential surface
inner circumferential
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CN201710842013.7A
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杉山正隆
水野阳太
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Publication of CN107842602A publication Critical patent/CN107842602A/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/043—Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
    • F16H57/0431—Means for guiding lubricant directly onto a tooth surface or to foot areas of a gear, e.g. by holes or grooves in a tooth flank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/043—Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405—Housings
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0456—Lubrication by injection; Injection nozzles or tubes therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0479—Gears or bearings on planet carriers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
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    • F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0482—Gearings with gears having orbital motion
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
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    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909—Gearing
    • Y10S903/91—Orbital, e.g. planetary gears

Abstract

本发明涉及一种齿轮装置。根据本发明的齿轮装置包括：太阳轮；行星架，行星齿轮轴固定至所述行星架，行星齿轮轴可旋转地支撑与该太阳轮啮合的多个行星齿轮；外齿轮部；齿轮圆筒，其具有与所述行星齿轮啮合的内齿轮部；齿轮，其与所述齿轮圆筒的外齿轮部啮合；润滑油路，其形成在所述行星齿轮轴中，所述润滑油路构造成供给润滑油至所述行星齿轮和所述内齿轮部之间的各个啮合部以及所述行星齿轮和所述太阳轮之间的各个啮合部；以及润滑油引导通路，其具有朝向所述齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面开口的一端，并且将存在于所述齿轮圆筒的所述内圆周表面上的所述润滑油朝向所述外齿轮部和所述齿轮之间的啮合部排放。

Description

齿轮装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种齿轮装置，其包括形成有外齿轮部和内齿轮部的齿轮圆筒、与该齿轮圆筒的内齿轮部啮合的行星齿轮，以及与齿轮圆筒的外齿轮部啮合的齿轮。
背景技术
在包括集成了变速器和差动单元(诸如变速齿轮和动力分配装置)的变速驱动桥型动力传输机构的车辆中，使用差动单元的主减速齿轮的带起式润滑(scoop-uplubrication)作为一种用于动力传输机构的润滑方法是常见的。在这种带起式润滑中，差动单元布置在变速驱动桥箱的下端部，并且主减速齿轮的下端部被设定在浸泡于流入变速驱动桥箱的下端部中的润滑油中的状态。通过这种构造，润滑油伴随着主减速齿轮的旋转而被带起，以便将润滑油传输到构成变速器的齿轮元件之中的各个啮合部件。
同时，在使用作为电机的发动机和作为电机的旋转机的混合动力车辆中，已知存在一种使用行星齿轮机构作为动力分配装置来分配来自发动机的驱动力和来自旋转机的驱动力的车辆。在包括诸如行星齿轮机构的车辆中，因为从差动单元的主减速齿轮到行星齿轮机构的距离是相对远的，带起式润滑并不那么有效地起效，使得取而代之地采用使用油泵的强制润滑。
日本专利申请公开第2016-098909号公开了这种润滑系统，并且润滑油被从行星齿轮机构的行星架侧供给到行星齿轮和太阳轮之间以及行星齿轮和内齿轮部之间的各啮合部。在该JP 2016-098909A中，差动单元的主减速齿轮与副轴的小齿轮啮合。另外，邻近该小齿轮并设置到副轴的大齿轮与形成在齿轮圆筒的外圆周表面上的外齿轮部啮合，该齿轮圆筒具有形成在其内圆周表面上的行星齿轮机构的内齿轮部，并且所述大齿轮还同时啮合与旋转机的旋转轴一体地旋转的齿轮。
发明内容
在日本专利申请公开第2016-098909号中公开的混合动力车辆中，从行星齿轮机构的行星架侧供给到行星齿轮与太阳轮和内齿轮的各啮合部的润滑油通过伴随着齿轮圆筒的旋转的离心力而被引导至齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面。润滑油被从朝向该齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面和外圆周表面开口的排油通路供给至副轴的小齿轮。同时，由差动单元的主减速齿轮带起的润滑油被供给至该主减速齿轮与小齿轮的啮合部。因此，可以有效地供给润滑油至副轴的小齿轮。
不幸的是，润滑油没有被充分地供给至距差动单元的主减速齿轮较远距离的行星齿轮机构的齿轮圆筒的外齿轮部与邻近副轴的小齿轮并且与齿轮圆筒的外齿轮部啮合的大齿轮之间的啮合部。
可以认为流入到变速驱动桥箱的下端部中的润滑油的量增加以便增加润滑油向行星齿轮机构的齿轮圆筒的外齿轮部与副轴的大齿轮之间的上述啮合部的供给量。然而，由于润滑油量的增加引起的搅拌阻力的增加，这种方法对于差动单元的主减速齿轮引起了能量损失的增加。
本发明提供了一种齿轮装置，其能够有效地润滑齿轮圆筒的外齿轮部和与该外齿轮部啮合的齿轮之间的啮合部，而不增加保留在变速驱动桥中的润滑油的量。
根据本发明的齿轮装置包括：太阳轮；行星架，其与所述太阳轮同中心地布置，多个行星齿轮轴固定至所述行星架，所述多个行星齿轮轴可旋转地支撑与所述太阳轮啮合的各个多个行星齿轮；齿轮圆筒，其以围绕所述多个行星齿轮的方式与所述太阳轮同中心地布置，所述齿轮圆筒包括外齿轮部以及与所述多个行星齿轮啮合的内齿轮部；第一齿轮，其与所述外齿轮部啮合；润滑油路，其形成在所述行星齿轮轴中，所述润滑油路构造成供给润滑油至所述行星齿轮和所述齿轮圆筒的内齿轮部之间的各个啮合部以及所述行星齿轮和所述太阳轮之间的各个啮合部；以及润滑油引导通路，其一端朝向所述齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面开口，所述润滑油引导通路将存在于所述齿轮圆筒的所述内圆周表面上的所述润滑油朝向所述齿轮圆筒的外齿轮部和所述第一齿轮之间的啮合部引导。
在本发明中，润滑油流过形成在行星齿轮中的润滑油路，并被供给至行星齿轮和齿轮圆筒的内齿轮部之间的啮合部以及行星齿轮和太阳轮之间的啮合部。润滑油然后通过离心力而被引导至齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面，流过一端朝向该内圆周表面开口的润滑油引导通路，然后被供给至齿轮圆筒的外齿轮部和齿轮之间的啮合部。
在本发明的齿轮装置中，润滑油引导通路能够由连通孔和管状喷嘴构件限定，所述连通孔朝向齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面和外圆周表面开口，所述管状喷嘴构件的基部端联接至所述连通孔的在所述齿轮圆筒的外圆周表面侧的开口部，并且所述管状喷嘴构件的前端朝向所述齿轮圆筒的所述外齿轮部和所述齿轮之间的所述啮合部开口。
进一步设置了一对轴承，其布置到所述齿轮圆筒的所述内圆周表面的两个纵向端部以便可旋转地支撑所述齿轮圆筒，并且有效的是，所述齿轮圆筒的在所述一对轴承中的一个与所述内齿轮部之间的所述内圆周表面的内径被设定成大于所述齿轮圆筒的在所述一对轴承中的另一个与所述内齿轮部之间的所述内圆周表面的内径，并且所述润滑油引导通路的所述一端被设定成向所述齿轮圆筒的所述内圆周表面开口，所述内圆周表面位于所述一对轴承中的所述一个与所述内齿轮部之间。
润滑油能够通过使用油泵来被供给至润滑油路。
根据本发明的齿轮装置，因为该齿轮装置包括一端向齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面开口的润滑油引导通路，该润滑油引导通路将存在于齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面上的润滑油朝向齿轮圆筒的外齿轮部和齿轮之间的啮合部排放，所以可以将存在于齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面上的润滑油朝向外齿轮部和齿轮之间的啮合部引导。于是，可以有效地供给润滑油至齿轮圆筒的外齿轮部和与该外齿轮部啮合的齿轮之间的啮合部。
在通过将管状喷嘴构件的基部端联接至齿轮圆筒的外圆周表面的开口部来限定润滑油引导通路的情况下，可以在不形成朝向齿轮圆筒的外齿轮部开口的连通孔的条件下将润滑油排放到外齿轮部与齿轮之间的啮合部。于是，可以在不引起外齿轮部的强度的劣化的情况下有效地供给润滑油到外齿轮部和齿轮之间的啮合部。
在将齿轮圆筒的在轴承中的一个与内齿轮部之间的内圆周表面的内径设定成大于齿轮圆筒的在轴承中的另一个与内齿轮部之间的内圆周表面的内径，并且将润滑油引导通路的一端形成为朝向此处开口的情况下，可以有效地将流到齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面的润滑油引导至润滑油引导通路。
在通过油泵将润滑油供给至润滑油路的情况下，可以确保将润滑油供给至太阳轮和齿轮圆筒的内齿轮部之间的啮合部。
附图说明
将在下文参照附图描述本发明的示范性实施例的特征、优势以及技术和工业意义，在附图中，相同附图标记指代相同的元件，并且其中：
图1是示出根据本发明的齿轮装置安装在混合动力车辆中的一个实施例的构造概要的示意图；
图2是图1中所示的混合动力车辆中的变速驱动桥箱的一部分的侧视图；以及
图3是图1中的行星机构的一部分的抽取的放大剖视图。
具体实施方式
将参照图1至图3详细描述应用至混合动力车辆的根据本发明的齿轮装置的一个实施例。然而，本发明并不局限于该实施例，而是能够应用到属于本发明的精神的任意齿轮装置。
图1示出了本实施例中的混合动力车辆的构造概要，其在图1中示意性地示出，并且图2示意性地示出了变速驱动桥箱的外壳部的侧面形状。
本实施例中的混合动力车辆包括一个内燃机，即发动机10，作为电机的第一电动旋转机20和作为电机的第二电动旋转机30；但是本发明并不局限于此。本发明能够应用至由作为电机的一个发动机和作为电机的一个旋转机组成的混合动力车辆。
在本实施例的混合动力车辆中，EV模式和HV模式根据车辆的行驶状态而从一个切换到另一个，在EV模式中，在发动机10停止的状态下仅电动旋转机20、30被操作，在HV模式下，电动旋转机20、30以及发动机10都被操作。
包括行星齿轮系40和差动单元50的动力传输系统T安装在发动机10和从动轮W之间以及两个电动旋转机20、30和从动轮W之间。该对左右从动轮W的轮轴WA联接至差动单元50的一对左右差动轴51，该对左右差动轴51从变速驱动桥箱C的外壳CA和壳体CB的侧端突出到右侧和左侧。
图3示出了安装在发动机10和第一电动旋转机20之间的图1中的行星齿轮系40的抽取并放大部分。发动机输出轴11的一个端部(图2中的右侧)经由未示出的扭振减振器联接到发动机10。泵驱动轴12的一个端部(图2中的右侧)花键配合到该发动机输出轴11的另一端部，并且机械油泵60联接至泵驱动轴12的另一端部。该机械油泵60被用于供给润滑油O至动力传输系统T及其他部分，并且伴随着发动机10被操作。
泵驱动轴12形成有润滑油供给通路12a，其在泵驱动轴12的纵向方向上延伸穿过泵驱动轴12，并且该润滑油供给通路12a的一端连通于中央油路11a，因此形成为从发动机输出轴11的另一端延伸穿过其纵向中央部。从机械油泵60和未示出的电动油泵排放的润滑油O被供给到润滑油供给通路12a中。
第一电动旋转机20的转子22附接到围绕泵驱动轴12的中空转子轴21。第一电动旋转机20的围绕该转子22的定子23随着第二电动旋转机30的定子31固定至变速驱动桥箱C的壳体CB。第一电动旋转机20的转子轴21的两端相对于壳体CB被可旋转地支撑，并且上述泵驱动轴12的另一端也相对于壳体CB被可旋转地支撑。发动机输出轴11的一端相对于变速驱动桥箱C的外壳CA被可旋转地支撑。滚针轴承13安装在发动机输出轴11的另一端和第一电动旋转机20的转子轴21之间，该发动机输出轴11布置在第一电动旋转机20的转子轴21的一端(图2中的右侧)的内侧。借此，发动机输出轴11被设定在能够相对于第一电动旋转机20的转子轴21相对旋转的状态。
以围绕发动机输出轴11的方式与发动机输出轴11同中心地布置的中空太阳轮41的一端(图3中的右侧)形成有太阳轮部41a，并且该太阳轮41的另一端花键配合到第一电动旋转机20的转子轴21的一端。多个行星齿轮轴43以平行于发动机输出轴11的旋转轴线而围绕太阳轮部41a的方式固定至盘状行星架42，并且从该行星架42突出，其中盘状行星架42固定至发动机输出轴11。与太阳轮部41a啮合的行星齿轮44经由滚针轴承45被可旋转地支撑到各行星齿轮轴43。以围绕这些行星齿轮44的方式与太阳轮41同中心地布置的齿轮圆筒46的内圆周表面形成有与行星齿轮44啮合的内齿轮部46a。齿轮圆筒46的两个纵向端部经由一对球轴承47a、47b而被可旋转地支撑到变速驱动桥箱C的外壳CA和壳体CB，并且齿轮圆筒46的外圆周表面形成有与副轴70的大齿轮71啮合的外齿轮部46b。
差动单元50布置到密封有润滑油O的变速驱动桥箱C的下端部，并且润滑油O通过重力向下流动到变速驱动桥箱C的下端部中的储油罐C1中。当车辆处于驱动状态时，如由图2中的双点划线所标示的，保留在变速驱动桥箱C中的润滑油O的量可以被设定成使得定位在差动单元50的主减速齿轮52的最下端处的整个部分浸泡在润滑油O中。布置在差动单元50上方的副轴70的两个端部由变速驱动桥箱C的外壳CA和壳体CB可旋转地支撑。大齿轮71固定到副轴70的一端(图2中的右侧)，大齿轮71与行星齿轮系40的齿轮圆筒46的外齿轮部46b啮合并且与花键配合到第二电动旋转机30的转子轴32的电机输出轴33的小齿轮33a啮合。在副轴70的另一端处的大齿轮71的横向侧上，形成有啮合于差动单元50的主减速齿轮52的输出齿轮70a。
此外，电机输出轴33布置在副轴70上方，并且定位在差动单元50上方的大致右方。相对于差动单元50，上述的发动机输出轴11相比于副轴70更靠前方地定位，并且相比于副轴70更远离差动单元50地定位。从差动单元50的主减速齿轮52的旋转轴线至行星齿轮系40的齿轮圆筒46的外齿轮部46b的旋转轴线的距离大于从差动单元50的主减速齿轮52的旋转轴线至副轴70的大齿轮71的旋转轴线的距离。
同时，储油罐C1中的润滑油O随着差动单元50的主减速齿轮52的旋转而被带起，并因此可以将润滑油O供给到与该主减速齿轮52啮合的副轴70的输出齿轮70a。
然而，足够量的润滑油O没有被供给到距差动单元50的主减速齿轮52具有较远距离的齿轮圆筒46的外齿轮部46b与副轴70的大齿轮71的啮合部。为了应对这种情况，在本实施例中，设置了将在后面描述的管状喷嘴构件48。
每个行星齿轮轴43形成有沿着其纵向方向延伸的中央油路43a以及径向油路43b，径向油路43b的径向内侧连通于该中央油路43a，并且径向油路43b的径向外侧朝向行星齿轮轴43的外圆周表面开口以便供给润滑油至滚针轴承45。行星架42形成有连接油路42a，该连接油路42a的径向内侧连通于在径向方向上从发动机输出轴11的中央油路11a延伸出的油路，并且该连接油路42a的径向外侧连通于行星齿轮轴43的中央油路43a。该中央油路43a和该径向油路43b用作本发明的润滑油路。
齿轮圆筒46的一部分形成有一个以上的朝向该齿轮圆筒46的内圆周表面和外圆周表面开口的连通孔46c，所述一部分定位在行星齿轮系40的齿轮圆筒46的内齿轮部46a和一侧上的球轴承47a之间，并且与齿轮圆筒46的内齿轮部46a的横向端部间隔开。管状喷嘴构件48联接至连通孔46c的定位在外圆周表面侧的开口部，该管状喷嘴构件48将流过连通孔46c的润滑油O引导至齿轮圆筒46的外齿轮部46b和副轴70的大齿轮71之间的啮合部。管状喷嘴构件48的基部端联接至连通孔46c的外圆周表面侧上的开口部，并且其前端部朝向齿轮圆筒46的外齿轮部46b弯曲，并且其前端朝向外齿轮部46b和大齿轮71之间的啮合部开口。借此，存在于齿轮圆筒46的内圆周表面上的润滑油O被朝向外齿轮部46b和大齿轮71之间的啮合部排放。
因此，流过泵驱动轴12的润滑油供给通路12a的润滑油O从发动机输出轴11的中央油路11a流过行星架42的连接油路42a，并且被引导至行星齿轮轴43的中央油路43a。润滑油O然后被供给至滚针轴承45和行星齿轮44与齿轮圆筒46的内齿轮部46a和太阳轮41的啮合部，其中所述滚针轴承45布置在行星齿轮轴43和行星齿轮44之间。润滑油O进一步通过离心力而沿着齿轮圆筒46的内圆周表面流动，并且润滑布置在齿轮圆筒46的两端部与壳体CB和外壳CA之间的球轴承47a、47b。同时，润滑油的存在于齿轮圆筒46的内圆周表面上的一部分从连通孔46c经由管状喷嘴48供给至外齿轮部46b和大齿轮71之间的啮合部；并因此，润滑油O也被供给至与大齿轮71啮合的电机输出轴33的小齿轮33a。
以这种方式，从连通孔46c通过管状喷嘴构件48引导至齿轮圆筒46的外齿轮部46b的润滑油O被引导至副轴70的大齿轮71和电机输出轴33的小齿轮33a。最终，润滑油O通过重力向下流动到变速驱动桥箱C的下端部处的储油罐C1中。
在本实施例中，本发明的润滑油引导通路由连通孔46c和管状喷嘴构件48限定，但是连通孔46c可以构造成朝向齿轮圆筒46的外齿轮部46b开口，从而除去管状喷嘴构件48。在这种情况下，本发明的润滑油引导通路可以仅仅由连通孔46c限定。
然而，如果开口部形成到施加有大传递转矩的齿轮圆筒46的外齿轮部46b，则可能引起外齿轮部46b的强度的劣化。在这方面，在本实施例中，在不构造朝向齿轮圆筒46的外齿轮部46b开口的连通孔46c的情况下，润滑油O能够被引导至外齿轮部46b和大齿轮71之间的啮合部，因此不会引起外齿轮部46b的强度的劣化。
以润滑油O被从连通孔46c朝向齿轮圆筒46的外齿轮部46b和大齿轮71之间的啮合部排放的方式，连通孔46c可以相对于齿轮圆筒46的径向方向倾斜，从而除去管状喷嘴构件48。在这种情况下，本发明的润滑油引导通路能够仅仅由连通孔46c限定。
以这种方式，通过借助机械油泵60和电动油泵的强制润滑而供给至行星齿轮系40的润滑油O能够经由连通孔46c和管状喷嘴构件48被引导至齿轮圆筒46的外齿轮部46b和副轴70的大齿轮71之间的啮合部。通过这种构造，可以确定地供给润滑油O至齿轮圆筒46的外齿轮部46b和副轴70的大齿轮71之间的啮合部。另外，保留在外壳CA的储油罐C1中的润滑油的量最小化，以便防止润滑油O相对于差动单元50的主减速齿轮52的搅拌阻力的增加。
在本实施例中，齿轮圆筒46的定位在外齿轮部46和一侧上的球轴承47a之间的部分的内径d1被设定成大于齿轮圆筒46的定位在内齿轮部46a和另一侧上的球轴承47b之间的部分的内径d2。在这种构造中，可以认为从此处引导较大量的润滑油O至连通孔46c。
应当注意，本发明应仅基于权利要求书的范围中所述的事项来解释，并且在上述实施例中，除了其中描述的事项之外，还可以进行包含在本发明的概念内的所有改变和修改。也就是说，上述实施例中的所有事项不是用于限制本发明的要素，并且可以对应于应用和目的任意改变，包括与本发明没有直接关系的结构。
本发明还可以被如下地限定。一种齿轮装置，包括：太阳轮；多个行星齿轮，其与所述太阳轮啮合；多个行星齿轮轴，其分别可旋转地支撑所述多个行星齿轮；行星架，其与所述太阳轮同中心地布置，所述行星架连接至所述多个行星齿轮轴；齿轮圆筒，其与所述太阳轮同中心地布置，使得所述齿轮圆筒围绕着所述多个行星齿轮，所述齿轮圆筒包括外齿轮部以及与所述多个行星齿轮啮合的内齿轮部；以及齿轮，其与所述外齿轮部啮合，所述多个行星齿轮轴中的至少一个包括润滑油路，所述润滑油路构造成供给润滑油至所述多个行星齿轮和所述内齿轮部之间的啮合部，以及供给至所述多个行星齿轮和所述太阳轮之间的啮合部，并且所述齿轮圆筒包括润滑油引导通路，所述润滑油引导通路在所述润滑油引导通路的一端处具有连通到所述齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面的开口，所述润滑油引导通路构造成将存在于所述齿轮圆筒的所述内圆周表面上的所述润滑油朝向所述外齿轮部和所述齿轮之间的啮合部排放。所述润滑油引导通路可包括：连通孔，其向所述齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面和外圆周表面开口；以及管状喷嘴构件，其构造成使得所述管状喷嘴构件的基部端联接至所述连通孔的在所述齿轮圆筒的外圆周表面上的开口部，并且所述管状喷嘴构件的前端朝向所述齿轮圆筒的所述外齿轮部和所述齿轮之间的所述啮合部开口。所述齿轮装置可进一步包括一对轴承，其布置到所述齿轮圆筒的所述内圆周表面的在所述齿轮圆筒的纵向方向上的两端处，使得所述一对轴承可旋转地支撑所述齿轮圆筒。所述一对轴承构可造成使得：所述齿轮圆筒的在所述一对轴承中的一个与所述内齿轮部之间的所述内圆周表面的内径，大于所述齿轮圆筒的在所述一对轴承中的另一个与所述内齿轮部之间的所述内圆周表面的内径，并且所述润滑油引导通路的所述一端可向所述齿轮圆筒的所述内圆周表面开口，所述内圆周表面位于所述一对轴承中的所述一个与所述内齿轮部之间。所述齿轮装置可构造成使得所述润滑油被油泵供给至所述润滑油路。

Claims (4)

1.一种齿轮装置，其特征在于包括：
太阳轮；
多个行星齿轮，其与所述太阳轮啮合；
多个行星齿轮轴，其分别可旋转地支撑所述多个行星齿轮；
行星架，其与所述太阳轮同中心地布置，所述行星架连接至所述多个行星齿轮轴；
齿轮圆筒，其与所述太阳轮同中心地布置，使得所述齿轮圆筒围绕着所述多个行星齿轮，所述齿轮圆筒包括外齿轮部以及与所述多个行星齿轮啮合的内齿轮部；以及
第一齿轮，其与所述外齿轮部啮合，
所述多个行星齿轮轴中的至少一个包括润滑油路，所述润滑油路构造成供给润滑油至所述多个行星齿轮和所述内齿轮部之间的啮合部以及所述多个行星齿轮和所述太阳轮之间的啮合部，并且
所述齿轮圆筒包括润滑油引导通路，所述润滑油引导通路在所述润滑油引导通路的一端处具有连通到所述齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面的开口，所述润滑油引导通路构造成将存在于所述齿轮圆筒的所述内圆周表面上的所述润滑油朝向所述外齿轮部和所述第一齿轮之间的啮合部排放。
2.根据权利要求1所述的齿轮装置，其特征在于
所述润滑油引导通路包括：
连通孔，其向所述齿轮圆筒的内圆周表面和外圆周表面开口；以及
管状喷嘴构件，其构造成使得所述管状喷嘴构件的基部端联接至所述连通孔的在所述齿轮圆筒的外圆周表面上的开口部，并且所述管状喷嘴构件的前端朝向所述齿轮圆筒的所述外齿轮部和所述齿轮之间的所述啮合部开口。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的齿轮装置，其特征在于进一步包括
一对轴承，其布置在所述齿轮圆筒的所述内圆周表面的在所述齿轮圆筒的纵向方向上的两端处，使得所述一对轴承可旋转地支撑所述齿轮圆筒，其中
所述一对轴承构造成使得：所述齿轮圆筒的在所述一对轴承中的一个与所述内齿轮部之间的所述内圆周表面的内径，大于所述齿轮圆筒的在所述一对轴承中的另一个与所述内齿轮部之间的所述内圆周表面的内径，并且
所述润滑油引导通路的所述一端向所述齿轮圆筒的所述内圆周表面开口，所述内圆周表面位于所述一对轴承中的所述一个与所述内齿轮部之间。
4.根据权利要求1至权利要求3中的任一项所述的齿轮装置，其特征在于
所述齿轮装置构造成使得所述润滑油被油泵供给至所述润滑油路。
CN201710842013.7A 2016-09-20 2017-09-18 齿轮装置 Pending CN107842602A (zh)

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