CN107833817A - Remove caesium method and except caesium draws power supply in a kind of caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source - Google Patents

Remove caesium method and except caesium draws power supply in a kind of caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107833817A
CN107833817A CN201710972829.1A CN201710972829A CN107833817A CN 107833817 A CN107833817 A CN 107833817A CN 201710972829 A CN201710972829 A CN 201710972829A CN 107833817 A CN107833817 A CN 107833817A
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China
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caesium
pulse
except
high voltage
power supply
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CN201710972829.1A
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CN107833817B (en
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欧阳华甫
吕永佳
李海波
刘盛进
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Institute of High Energy Physics of CAS
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Institute of High Energy Physics of CAS
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J27/00Ion beam tubes
    • H01J27/02Ion sources; Ion guns
    • H01J27/04Ion sources; Ion guns using reflex discharge, e.g. Penning ion sources

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)

Abstract

This application discloses a kind of caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source except caesium method and except caesium draws power supply.Caesium method remove in the caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source of the application, is included in loading on extraction electrode and is removed caesium pulse, using except caesium pulse is by H Ion Extractions, forming the diverging line of low energy, the caesium deposited on removal extraction electrode;Wherein, except the impulse amplitude of caesium pulse is less than high voltage pulse.The application's removes caesium method, diverging line is drawn by using except caesium pulse, the caesium on extraction electrode surface is removed using line is dissipated, effectively avoid caesium extraction electrode surface deposit, avoid due to caesium deposit caused by H ion beam current qualities it is impacted and sparking the problems such as;Laid a good foundation to provide the H ion beam currents of high-quality.

Description

Remove caesium method and except caesium draws power supply in a kind of caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source
Technical field
The application is related to penning source domain, except caesium method and is removed more particularly to a kind of caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source Caesium draws power supply.
Background technology
CSNS (abbreviation CSNS), high current neutron is produced by 1.6GeV high energy proton bombardments heavy metal target, and Material microstructure and motion are studied using neutron.CSNS is mainly by linear accelerator, neutron-producing target station and neutron scattering spectrometer three Most of composition.Wherein, linear accelerator is by H- ion guns (IS), low energy beam-flow transmission line (LEBT), radio frequency quadrupole accelerator (RFQ), MEBT (MEBT), draft tube linac (DTL) and high energy beam transport line (HEBT) composition.
Inner in CSNS H- ion guns (IS), the source body for producing H- ion beams is penning source body 1, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, The lower section of penning source body 1 is extraction electrode bearing 2, and extraction electrode 21 is fixed on extraction electrode bearing 2, caused H- ion beams Drawn by extraction electrode 21;Wherein, load pulses high pressure realizes the extraction of H- ion beams on extraction electrode 21, and high voltage pulse by Draw power supply and high voltage pulse, capacitive load are produced using solid-state switch charge and discharge system.0 to 25kv company can be exported by drawing power supply Continuous adjustable, 1 arrives the high voltage pulse of 25Hz frequency-adjustables, and high voltage pulse make it that H- ions accelerate (beamacceleration) is logical by H- ion guns (IS) Cross low energy transmission line (LEBT).
H- ion guns (IS), as the source of linear accelerator and CSNS, effect be exactly produce H- from Beamlet stream.Used in CSNS is present is the negative hydrogen ion penning source based on caesium catalytic action.Behind hydrogen injection penning source, to want Produce H- ions, it is necessary to first produce electronics.Want to obtain electronics from the surface of any material it may first have to overcome material surface list The spilling work((abbreviation Φ) of individual electronics, so needing to find the surface spilling less material of work(.
Work(Φ=2.14eV is overflowed on the minimum surface of caesium metal, and caesium can obtain as other metallic surface coating Overflow work(in smaller surface.Existing CSNS uses negative electrode and anode material of the molybdenum as penning source, in Mo metallic surface Caesium is plated, when it is 0.6 atomic layer to plate caesium thickness degree, surface overflows work(Φ and drops to 1.5eV suddenly, even if plating caesium thickness degree increases Add, its surface overflows work(Φ and is also approximately equal to 2eV, and it is much smaller that work(is overflowed on the surface than the 4.6eV of molybdenum in itself.Therefore, it is existing CSNS be catalyzed negative hydrogen ion penning source using caesium, to produce H- ion beam currents.
Caesium metal can greatly facilitate the yield of H- ions, be that CSNS penning source produces one of wholesale H- ion beam currents Necessary condition.The injection rate of caesium can regulate and control vapour pressure, accurately controlled by setting caesium pot temperature;In general, caesium pot Temperature is in 70 DEG C to 190 DEG C regulation and control, it is possible to meets the demand for control of different injection rates;Existing CSNS is also to use this side Formula carries out what caesium injection rate accurately controlled.
But CSNS is a customer-oriented large scale equipment, when needed, often continuous operation, and it is continuous at its It is not necessarily lasting to need H- ion beam currents during operation, that is to say, that can exist operation dutycycle it is relatively low when Wait.Now, although not needing H- ion beam currents temporarily, CSNS is continued to run with, and caesium can also continue to inject, and not need caesium In the case that catalysis produces H- ions, the caesium persistently injected can not be consumed fully, and excessive caesium can be caused constantly to be deposited on Extraction electrode surface.The excessive caesium of extraction electrode deposition can cause many troubles, on the one hand, can cause extraction electrode and penning source Sparking;On the other hand, H- ion beam currents are beaten can cause a large amount of caesium particles to sputter on extraction electrode, produce more polyelectron and splash Ion is penetrated, the quality of H- ion beam currents is impacted.It is of course also possible to reduce or stop caesium by lowering the temperature of caesium pot Supply;But reduce caesium pot temperature and take around half an hour, poor in timeliness, and caesium injection is also had in this process, And bad quantitative assurance.
Therefore, caesium how is avoided in extraction electrode surface excess deposition, or how to be gone in time after finding to have caesium deposition Remove, be the sparking for avoiding penning source and the key for ensureing H- ion beam current quality.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the application be to provide a kind of caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source except caesium method and except caesium draws power supply.
The application employs following technical scheme:
What the one side of the application disclosed a kind of caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source removes caesium method, is included in extraction electrode Upper loading removes caesium pulse, using except caesium pulse is by H- Ion Extractions, forms the diverging line of low energy, removes and is sunk on extraction electrode Long-pending caesium;Wherein, except the impulse amplitude of caesium pulse is less than high voltage pulse.
It should be noted that the key of the application is using impulse amplitude less than high voltage pulse except caesium pulse extraction is low The diverging line of energy, flowed away using angular-spread beam except the caesium deposited on extraction electrode;Its principle is, on the one hand, diverging line is straight Connect and destroy the Cs atom on extraction electrode from surface;On the other hand, diverging line is beaten on extraction electrode, and electricity is drawn in heating Pole, the caesium of deposition is set to melt evaporation.It is appreciated that the diverging line of low energy can not be by between penning source and transfers line Gap, therefore, transfers line will not be impacted;Also, diverging line increases the surface contacted with extraction electrode Product, make its removal to depositing caesium more abundant;In addition, except the voltage of caesium pulse is relatively low, energy is also lower, will not produce and beat Fire, avoid the sparking problem between extraction electrode and penning source caused by caesium deposits.
Preferably, except the impulse amplitude of caesium pulse is less than high voltage pulse.
It should be noted that except the impulse amplitude of caesium pulse is less than high voltage pulse, it is the purpose is to so that the line of extraction Low energy line, ensure that it will not be supplied by LEBT without interference with normal line.It is appreciated that the pulse width except caesium pulse Degree is bigger, and the beam energy of extraction is higher, and line is stronger to the removal effect of the unnecessary caesium of deposition, still, except caesium pulse is drawn The line gone out must can not disturb the supply of normal line, therefore, except the impulse amplitude of caesium pulse is necessarily less than high voltage pulse, and And, it is necessary to LEBT will not be passed through by ensureing the line for the low energy drawn except caesium pulse.
It is furthermore preferred that except the pulsewidth of caesium pulse is arranged between two pulses of high voltage pulse.And both pulse widths All in arc stream pulse width.
It should be noted that except the diverging line of caesium pulse extraction is because can not be by between penning source and transfers line Gap, the subsequent transmission components of CSNS linear accelerators can't be influenceed;Except caesium pulse is arranged at two pulses of high voltage pulse Between when, as long as not influenceing the normal sequential of high voltage pulse;And the sequential of upstream device is unified with high voltage pulse, because This, except caesium pulse does not interfere with CSNS normal sequential.
Preferably, except the pulse width of caesium pulse is 20-150 μ s continuously adjustabes, pulse rise time is less than 10 μ s, arteries and veins Rushing fall time is less than 10 μ s, and impulse amplitude is 0-10kV continuously adjustabes, and pulse recurrence frequency is 1-25Hz continuously adjustabes.
It should be noted that the application's removes caesium pulse to reach the purpose except caesium, on the one hand, except the pulse of caesium pulse Amplitude is less than high voltage pulse, and voltage is lower, and energy is also lower, therefore can only draw diverging line, and can not be as high voltage pulse Draw the high H- ion beams of energy like that;On the other hand, except caesium pulse independence be arranged at high voltage pulse before or after, be located at Between two high voltage pulses, the normal sequential of high voltage pulse is not influenceed.In order to obtain a kind of realization side of diverging line the application Preferably using pulse width in formula, pulse rise time is less than 10 μ s for 20-150 μ s continuously adjustabes, and pulse fall time is small In 10 μ s, impulse amplitude is 0-10kV continuously adjustabes, and pulse recurrence frequency removes caesium pulse for 1-25Hz continuously adjustabes.
The another side of the application discloses a kind of caesium that removes and draws power supply, and power supply and caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion Pan should be drawn except caesium Ning Yuan extraction electrode connection, drawing power supply except caesium includes two-way pulse output system, respectively high voltage pulse output system with Except caesium pulse output system;High voltage pulse output system is extraction electrode load pulses high pressure, for drawing H- ion beams;Except caesium Pulse output system is that extraction electrode loading removes caesium pulse, and the H- ions for drawing low energy dissipate line;Two-way pulse is defeated Go out in system, remove caesium pulse except the loading of caesium pulse output system, its impulse amplitude is less than the loading of high voltage pulse output system High voltage pulse.
It should be noted that the caesium that removes of the application draws power supply, can actually provide simultaneously except caesium pulse and arteries and veins The power supply for pressure of leaping high, i.e., on the basis of the extraction power supply for extraction electrode load pulses high pressure of script, redesign increases again Loading all the way is added to remove the pulse output of caesium pulse and the system of pulse signal acquisition, i.e., except caesium pulse output system.It is appreciated that The application's removes caesium pulse output system all the way except caesium draws power supply its key and is to add, and others may be referred to existing Draw power supply.
Preferably, the caesium that removes of the application is drawn in power supply, removes caesium pulse except the loading of caesium pulse output system, it removes caesium arteries and veins The high voltage pulse of the pulse width of punching and the loading of high voltage pulse output system all in arc stream pulsewidth within, also, remove caesium pulse Pulsewidth be arranged between two pulses of high voltage pulse.
It should be noted that the application's draws power supply except caesium, except the loading of caesium pulse output system can be with except caesium pulse Independent is arranged at before or after whole high voltage pulse, between two high voltage pulses, is not specifically limited herein.
Preferably, the caesium that removes of the application is drawn in power supply, the high voltage pulse of high voltage pulse output system loading, and its pulse is wide Spend and be less than 10 μ s for 50-500 μ s continuously adjustabes, pulse rise time, pulse fall time is less than 10 μ s, impulse amplitude 0- 25kV continuously adjustabes, pulse recurrence frequency are 1-25Hz continuously adjustabes.
Preferably, the caesium that removes of the application is drawn in power supply, removes caesium pulse except the loading of caesium pulse output system, its pulse is wide Spend and be less than 10 μ s for 20-150 μ s continuously adjustabes, pulse rise time, pulse fall time is less than 10 μ s, impulse amplitude 0- 10kV continuously adjustabes, pulse recurrence frequency are 1-25Hz continuously adjustabes.
The application's simultaneously also discloses a kind of caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion Pan for removing caesium and drawing power supply using the application again Ning Yuan.
It should be noted that electricity is drawn in the caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source of the application as a result of the caesium that removes of the application Source, it can be very good to avoid caesium excess deposition to avoid the H- ion beam currents as caused by caesium excess deposition on extraction electrode surface Quality is impacted, and the problems such as sparking.
The caesium that power supply or the application are drawn except caesium for simultaneously also disclosing the application again of the application is catalyzed negative hydrogen ion Pan Applications of the Ning Yuan in spallation neutron target.
The beneficial effect of the application is:
The application's removes caesium method, diverging line is drawn by using except caesium pulse, using dissipating line to extraction electrode The caesium on surface is removed, effectively avoid caesium extraction electrode surface deposit, avoid due to caesium deposit caused by H- from The problems such as sub- quality of beam is impacted and strikes sparks;Laid a good foundation to provide the H- ion beam currents of high-quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of H- ion guns in the application background technology;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of extraction electrode in the application background technology.
Embodiment
Technical term in the application is explained as follows:
Except caesium pulse:Refer to be loaded on extraction electrode, the voltage of the diverging line of the H- ions of low energy can be drawn Pulse.
High voltage pulse:Refer to be loaded on extraction electrode, the voltage pulse of H- ion beam currents can be drawn.High voltage pulse Voltage is higher than caesium pulse is removed, therefore, it is possible to draw the higher H- ion beams of energy, rather than diverging line.
The application is described in further detail below by specific embodiment.Following examples only are entered to advance to the application One step illustrates, should not be construed as the limitation to the application.
Embodiment
The caesium that removes of this example draws power supply, is improved on the basis of existing extraction power supply, that is, is ensureing high voltage pulse output On the basis of system, the output except caesium pulse and Pulse signal acquisition system all the way are further added by, i.e., except caesium pulse output system.Arteries and veins Pressure output system of leaping high is extraction electrode load pulses high pressure, for drawing H- ion beams;Except caesium pulse output system is extraction Electrode loading removes caesium pulse, and the H- ions for drawing low energy dissipate line;In two-way pulse output system, except caesium pulse is defeated Go out system loads removes caesium pulse, and its impulse amplitude is less than the high voltage pulse of high voltage pulse output system loading, also, removes caesium arteries and veins The pulsewidth of punching is arranged between two pulses of high voltage pulse, and it adds except the pulse width of caesium pulse with high voltage pulse output system The high voltage pulse of load all in arc stream pulsewidth within.
The caesium that removes of this example draws power supply, and the high voltage pulse of high voltage pulse output system loading, its pulse width is 50-500 μ s continuously adjustabes, pulse rise time are less than 10 μ s, and pulse fall time is less than 10 μ s, and impulse amplitude is that 0-25kV continuously may be used Adjust, pulse recurrence frequency is 1-25Hz continuously adjustabes.Caesium pulse is removed except the loading of caesium pulse output system, its pulse width is 20-150 μ s continuously adjustabes, pulse rise time are less than 10 μ s, and pulse fall time is less than 10 μ s, and impulse amplitude connects for 0-10kV Continuous adjustable, pulse recurrence frequency is 1-25Hz continuously adjustabes.
Electrically connected in use, this example is drawn into power supply except caesium with the extraction electrode in caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source, Loading remove caesium pulse on extraction electrode, using except caesium pulse is by H- Ion Extractions, forms the diverging line of low energy, removes extraction The caesium deposited on electrode.
Using this example except caesium draws the penning source of power supply, the advantage is that:
(1) except caesium pulse, its impulse amplitude is up to 10kv, and voltage is low, can only draw the diverging line of low energy, and low The diverging line of energy can not will not cause shadow by the gap between ion gun and transfers line to transfers line vacuum Ring;
(2) line is diverging under this voltage, increases the surface area that diverging line contacts with extraction electrode, makes it Removal to deposition caesium is more abundant;
(3) energy of low-voltage is relatively low, even if there is caesium deposition also not produce sparking.
Also, this example be arranged at two high voltage pulses except caesium pulse between, do not interfere with the normal sequential of high voltage pulse.
Above content is to combine the further description that specific embodiment is made to the application, it is impossible to assert this Shen Specific implementation please is confined to these explanations.For the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field, do not taking off On the premise of conceiving from the application, some simple deduction or replace can also be made.

Claims (10)

1. caesium method is removed in a kind of caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source, it is characterised in that:It is included in loading on extraction electrode and removes caesium Pulse, using except caesium pulse is by H- Ion Extractions, the diverging line of low energy is formed, removes what is deposited on the extraction electrode Caesium;
The impulse amplitude except caesium pulse is less than high voltage pulse.
2. according to claim 1 remove caesium method, it is characterised in that:It is high that the impulse amplitude except caesium pulse is less than pulse Pressure.
3. according to claim 1 remove caesium method, it is characterised in that:The pulsewidth except caesium pulse is arranged at high voltage pulse Two pulses between.
4. remove caesium method according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that:The pulse width except caesium pulse is 20-150 μ s continuously adjustabes, pulse rise time are less than 10 μ s, and pulse fall time is less than 10 μ s, and impulse amplitude connects for 0-10kV Continuous adjustable, pulse recurrence frequency is 1-25Hz continuously adjustabes.
5. one kind draws power supply except caesium, described to be connected except caesium extraction power supply with the extraction electrode in caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source, It is characterized in that:It is described to draw power supply except caesium and include two-way pulse output system, respectively high voltage pulse output system and except caesium Pulse output system;
The high voltage pulse output system is the extraction electrode load pulses high pressure, for drawing normal H- ion beams;
Described to remove caesium pulse except caesium pulse output system for extraction electrode loading, the H- ions for drawing low energy dissipate Line;
In two-way pulse output system, described to remove caesium pulse except the loading of caesium pulse output system, its impulse amplitude is less than described The high voltage pulse of high voltage pulse output system loading.
It is 6. according to claim 5 except caesium draws power supply, it is characterised in that:The removing except the loading of caesium pulse output system Caesium pulse, it is within arc stream pulsewidth except the pulse width of caesium pulse, and the pulsewidth of high voltage pulse is also within arc stream pulsewidth; Also, except the pulsewidth of caesium pulse is arranged between two pulses of high voltage pulse.
7. the caesium that removes according to claim 5 or 6 draws power supply, it is characterised in that:The high voltage pulse output system loading High voltage pulse, its pulse width is 50-500 μ s continuously adjustabes, and pulse rise time is less than 10 μ s, and pulse fall time is less than 10 μ s, impulse amplitude are 0-25kV continuously adjustabes, and pulse recurrence frequency is 1-25Hz continuously adjustabes.
It is 8. according to claim 7 except caesium draws power supply, it is characterised in that:The removing except the loading of caesium pulse output system Caesium pulse, its pulse width are 20-150 μ s continuously adjustabes, and pulse rise time is less than 10 μ s, and pulse fall time is less than 10 μ S, impulse amplitude are 0-10kV continuously adjustabes, and pulse recurrence frequency is 1-25Hz continuously adjustabes.
9. a kind of caesium that power supply is drawn except caesium using described in claim any one of 5-8 is catalyzed negative hydrogen ion penning source.
10. the caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion drawn except caesium described in power supply or claim 9 according to claim any one of 5-8 Application of the penning source in spallation neutron target.
CN201710972829.1A 2017-10-18 2017-10-18 Power supply is drawn except caesium method and except caesium in a kind of caesium catalysis negative hydrogen ion penning source Expired - Fee Related CN107833817B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000021597A (en) * 1998-06-30 2000-01-21 Nissin Electric Co Ltd Hydrogen anion beam implantation method and implantation device
WO2014039579A2 (en) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-13 Tri Alpha Energy, Inc. Negative ion-based neutral beam injector
CN106531600A (en) * 2016-10-11 2017-03-22 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Device of negative hydrogen ion source of hole-shaped water-cooled electrode extraction system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000021597A (en) * 1998-06-30 2000-01-21 Nissin Electric Co Ltd Hydrogen anion beam implantation method and implantation device
WO2014039579A2 (en) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-13 Tri Alpha Energy, Inc. Negative ion-based neutral beam injector
CN104903967A (en) * 2012-09-04 2015-09-09 Tri阿尔法能源公司 Negative ion-based neutral beam injector
CN106531600A (en) * 2016-10-11 2017-03-22 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Device of negative hydrogen ion source of hole-shaped water-cooled electrode extraction system

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