CN108648976A - Based on multiple physical field collaborative simulation determine electron gun aperture plate assembly building away from method - Google Patents
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- CN108648976A CN108648976A CN201810601181.1A CN201810601181A CN108648976A CN 108648976 A CN108648976 A CN 108648976A CN 201810601181 A CN201810601181 A CN 201810601181A CN 108648976 A CN108648976 A CN 108648976A
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- cathode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/44—Factory adjustment of completed discharge tubes or lamps to comply with desired tolerances
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/42—Measurement or testing during manufacture
Abstract
The invention belongs to microwave vacuum technical field of electronic devices, and in particular to based on multiple physical field collaborative simulation determine electron gun aperture plate assembly building away from method.The present invention be applied in structure, fluid, electric power, electromagnetic field field multiple physical field collaborative simulation software ANSYS, apply in terms of grided electron gun heating power collaborative simulation.To assembly building away from being modified, using revised assembly building away under the premise of ensureing to meet design objective, it is possible to prevente effectively from the wasting of resources, the problem that the development time is long, development cost is high existing for existing design method；And electron gun is because generating the problem of shadow grid of thermal deformation touches cathode, leads to cisco unity malfunction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave vacuum technical field of electronic devices, and in particular to one kind is true based on multiple physical field collaborative simulation
Determine electron gun aperture plate assembly building away from method.
Background technology
Travelling-wave tubes is a kind of microwave vacuum electronic device amplifying signal power, is the core devices of military equipment, quilt
Referred to as " heart " of weapon assembly, is widely used in navigation, electronic countermeasure, satellite communication and radar.
Electron gun is the critical component of travelling-wave tubes, and stable, reliable electronics note is provided for travelling-wave tubes.Travelling-wave tubes generally uses
The axisymmetrical gun being made of cathode, focusing electrode and anode (see Fig. 1).This axisymmetrical gun has simple in structure, control
The characteristics of system is convenient and is easy to debugging, but it is not easily accomplished the cut-off noted to electronics, be not suitable for working in a pulsed fashion
Microwave tube in.
Grided electron gun is to increase shadow grid and control gate on the basis of axisymmetrical gun, to realize control electricity
The purpose of son transmitting.Grided electron gun structure is shown in Fig. 2, mainly by cathode, anode, aperture plate (control gate and shadow grid), focusing electrode
Composition.The cut-off noted to electronics can easily be realized by applying negative voltage by control gate, be widely used in pulse side
In the microwave tube of formula work.The electronics of cathode surface effusion under the action of electric field, adds between cathode and anode to anode hole direction
Speed movement.Focusing electrode, which is used for about beam electrons, makes it meet certain shape need.
When gun cathode is heated to certain temperature, cathode will have electronics effusion, and electronics is formed under the action of electric field
Stream.Although making electron stream that there are good laminar flow characteristics using single aperture plate, it is easy to intercept and capture cathode current.In order to solve
Shadow grid is added in this problem between control gate and cathode.Grid have blocked electronics to shadow grid in order to control, and electronics is made not controlled
Grid are intercepted and captured.Since shadow grid current potential relation control grid are lower, in the case of identical intercepting and capturing electric current, the power consumption that is generated on shadow grid
It is smaller to the temperature and influence of crust deformation of shadow grid to intercept and capture electric current for smaller.
Gun cathode is generally operational in 1050 DEG C or so, since the distance between shadow grid and cathode surface are very small
(usually only some thousandths of inch), therefore the temperature of shadow grid is also very high, generally reaches 900 DEG C or so.Shadow grid temperature compared with
High yield heat stress deformation, not only makes shadow grid that may be in contact with cathode, but also makes pair between control gate and shadow grid
Middle effect is deteriorated.Centering becomes the intercepting and capturing electric current of official post control gate and power consumption increases, and it is higher that power consumption increase makes control gate bear
Temperature is easy that control gate is made to generate fusing.In addition, the shadow grid for generating thermal deformation is likely to contact cathode, so as to cause electricity
Sub- rifle cisco unity malfunction.
Currently, when designing grided electron gun, designer will be between the aperture plate that designed under cold state and cathode
Away from the assembly building as aperture plate and cathode away from.It is tested after the completion of assembly, once test failure, needs design iterations, surveys
This process repeatedly is tried, to cause the significant wastage of resource, extend the development time, increase development cost.
Invention content
For above-mentioned there are problem or deficiency, not consider one caused by fuel factor when solving existing grided electron gun design
Series of problems, the present invention provides it is a kind of based on multiple physical field collaborative simulation determine electron gun aperture plate assembly building away from method,
Under the premise of ensureing that other indexs are met the requirements, by, away from being modified, not only making between shadow grid and cathode not to assembly building
It can contact with each other because of the deformation that thermal stress generates, and the development time can be shortened, reduce development cost.
Technical solution is specific as follows：
Step 1, according to requirement on electric performance, use microwave tube simulation softward suit MTSS to design grided electron gun.Write foot all over
The grided electron gun cathode of requirement on electric performance is d with shadow grid spacing1, shadow grid is d with control gate spacing2, see Fig. 2.
Step 2 carries out heating power collaborative simulation using multiple physical field collaborative simulation software ANSYS to grided electron gun.According to
Heating power simulation result obtains deformation Δ z of the cathode center position along z-axis1, shadow grid center along z-axis deformation Δ z2,
Control gate center along z-axis deformation Δ z3.Δ z ＞ 0 are indicated along z-axis positive direction deformation.Δ z ＜ 0 are indicated along z-axis
Negative direction deformation.
Step 3, cathode, shadow grid and the control gate deformation results obtained according to step 2, to cathode under cold state and shade
The assembly building of grid is away from being modified.
Remember the assembly building of cathode and shadow grid away from for D1, the spacing between cathode and shadow grid is according to (1-1) amendment
D1=d1±|Δz1-Δz2| (1-1)
If Δ z1＜ 0, Δ z2＜ 0, then D1=d1+|Δz1-Δz2|；If Δ z1＞ 0, Δ z2＞ 0, then D1=d1+|Δz1-
Δz2|；When the deformation that cathode and shadow grid axially generate is in the same direction, the spacing d designed in electrical parameter is needed1On the basis of
In addition the difference that deformation generates, makes its spacing at work between cathode and shadow grid reach d1。
If Δ z1＜ 0, Δ z2＞ 0, then D1=d1-|Δz2-Δz1|；If Δ z1＞ 0, Δ z2＜ 0, then D1=d1+|Δz1-
Δz2|.When the deformation that cathode and shadow grid axially generate is reversed, the spacing between cathode and shadow grid will will increase,
Therefore d is used1Increased distance between cathode and shadow grid is subtracted, keeps its spacing at work between cathode and shadow grid rigid
Reach d well1。
Step 4, the correction result D according to step 31To the assembly building of shadow grid under cold state and control gate away from repairing
Just.
Remember that the spacing of shadow grid and control gate is D2.If D1＞ d1, Δ z3＞ 0, then D2=d2+|D1-d1-Δz3|；Work as amendment
The space D between cathode and shadow grid afterwards1＞ d1, control gate axially positive direction change when, between shadow grid and control gate
Spacing become larger, therefore use d2Increased distance between shadow grid and control gate is subtracted, its spacing at work is made to reach
D when design2。
If D1＞ d1, Δ z3＜ 0, then D2=d2+|D1-d1-Δz3|；
Space D between revised cathode and shadow grid1＞ d1, control gate axially negative direction change when, shade
Spacing between grid and control gate becomes smaller, therefore uses d2The distance reduced between in addition makes its shadow grid and control at work
The spacing of grid processed reaches d when design2。
If D1＜ d1, Δ z3＞ 0, then D2=d2-|d1-D1+Δz3|；Spacing between revised cathode and shadow grid
D1＜ d1, control gate axially positive direction change when, the spacing between shadow grid and control gate becomes larger, thus use d2It subtracts
Between increased distance, d when making it spacing of shadow grid and control gate reaching design at work2。
If D1＜ d1, Δ z3＜ 0, then D2=d2+|d1-D1-Δz3|.Spacing between revised cathode and shadow grid
D1＜ d1, control gate axially negative direction change when, d need to be used2The distance reduced between in addition makes its shade at work
The spacing of grid and control gate reaches d when design2。
Step 5, according to the revised assembly space D of step 41, D2Grided electron gun model is re-established, uses ANSYS pairs
Revised grided electron gun heating power electricity collaborative simulation.Cathode under working condition, shadow grid, control gate are obtained according to simulation result
Spacing, using the electrical property of grided electron gun under MTSS simulation work states, compared with the electrical property of non-timing variation compared with
Performance indicator that is small, meeting the requirements, therefore by D1, D2As the mounting distance under cold state between cathode, shadow grid, control gate.
This modification method both can to avoid under working condition between cathode, shadow grid and control gate occur due to thermal deformation contact and centering
The situations such as variation, it is also ensured that the electrical property meet demand of grided electron gun.
The present invention be applied in structure, fluid, electric power, electromagnetic field field multiple physical field collaborative simulation software ANSYS, answer
In terms of grided electron gun heating power collaborative simulation.Cathode, shade are obtained to grided electron gun heating power collaborative simulation using ANSYS
The deformation of grid, control gate relative to symmetry axis z-axis (z-axis as shown in Figure 3), according to center position deformation quantity respectively to cathode with
Assembly building between shadow grid, shadow grid and control gate away from being modified, determine final assembly building away from.Using revised dress
With spacing, the spacing of cathode, shadow grid and control gate is not only made to meet design requirement, contact will not be deformed upon at work.
And after being corrected using the method, electrical property variation is smaller under working condition, meets design objective.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is without grid axisymmetrical gun cross section structure figure；
Fig. 2 grided electron gun cross section structure figures；
Fig. 3 electron gun original state electrical property checkout results；
Fig. 4 shadow grids axially thermal stress deformation map；
Fig. 5 control gates axially thermal stress deformation map；
Fig. 6 cathodes axially thermal stress deformation map.
Specific implementation mode
Below by taking cathode radius is the grided electron gun of 5.1mm as an example, technical scheme of the present invention is done further detailed
Describe in detail it is bright, the present invention be under a kind of general determination cold state aperture plate assembly building away from method.
Step 1, according to requirement on electric performance, use microwave tube simulation softward suit MTSS to design grided electron gun.Write foot all over
The grided electron gun cathode of requirement on electric performance is d with shadow grid spacing1, shadow grid is d with control gate spacing2, see Fig. 2.
The grided electron gun that cathode radius is 5.1mm is designed, it is desirable that the cathode current emission is more than 1.8A.MTSS is imitative
True result is d1=0.03mm, d2=0.47mm, the cathode current emission 1856.8436mA.
Step 2 carries out heating power collaborative simulation using ANSYS softwares to grided electron gun.It is obtained according to heating power simulation result
Cathode center position along z-axis deformation Δ z1, shadow grid center along z-axis deformation Δ z2, control gate center edge
The deformation Δ z of z-axis3.Δ z ＞ 0 are indicated along z-axis positive direction deformation.Δ z ＜ 0 are indicated along z-axis negative direction deformation.
Corresponding grided electron gun model is established in ANSYS, to grided electron gun heating power collaborative simulation, obtain cathode,
The deformation that shadow grid, control gate axially generate.Cathode center position, shadow grid center, control gate center edge
It is respectively Δ z axial deformation1=0.026mm, Δ z2=0.029mm, Δ z3=-0.015mm.Fig. 4, figure are shown in specific deformation
5, Fig. 6.
Step 3, cathode, shadow grid and the control gate deformation results obtained according to step 2, to cathode under cold state and shade
The assembly building of grid is away from being modified.Remember the assembly building of cathode and shadow grid away from for D1, the heating power deformation Δ z of grided electron gun1=
0.026mm, Δ z2=0.029mm, according to D1=d1+|Δz1-Δz2| it is modified, cathode and the assembly under shadow grid cold state
Distance correction is D1=0.03+ | 0.026-0.029 |=0.033mm.
Step 4, the correction result D according to step 31To the assembly building of shadow grid under cold state and control gate away from repairing
Just.
Due to D1＞ d1, Δ z3＜ 0, Δ z3=-0.015mm, according to D2=d2+|D1-d1-Δz3| by control gate cold state
Under assembly building away from being modified to D2=0.47+ | 0.033-0.03- (- 0.015) |=0.488mm.
Step 5, according to the revised assembly space D of step 41, D2Again it models, and using ANSYS to revised grid-control
Electron gun heating power collaborative simulation, obtain cathode center position, shadow grid center, control gate center along z-axis shape
Become, Δ z1=0.026mm, Δ z2=0.029mm, Δ z3=-0.016mm, then calculates cathode, shadow grid, between control gate
Away from, and calculate electrical property, the cathode current emission 1840.2266mm using MTSS.
If not to assembly building away from amendment, the distance of shadow grid and cathode will become 0.03+0.03-0.026=
0.034mm, shadow grid will become 0.47-0.03-0.015=0.425mm at a distance from control gate.It is calculated using MTSS electrically
Can, the cathode current emission of electron gun is 2018.9061mA at this time, and the cathode current emission will increase by 8.7%, and intercepting and capturing electric current will
25.4% can be increased, compared with design requirement, electrical performance indexes change greatly.
It is modified by the spacing to assembly, using ANSYS to revised electron gun heating power collaborative simulation, according to imitative
True result reappears modeling.The electrical property of electron gun after correcting is calculated, the cathode current emission reduces 0.8%, intercepts and captures current reduction
0.8%, change compared with the electrical property of design requirement smaller.
After being corrected by the method, electrical property meets design requirement, not only make after amendment cathode, shadow grid, control gate it
Between spacing reach design requirement, and cathode will not contact with each other with shadow grid because of the deformation that thermal stress generates.Finally will
D1, D2As the mounting distance under cold state between cathode, shadow grid, control gate.
In conclusion the present invention is it is possible to prevente effectively from the wasting of resources existing for existing design method, development time length, development
Problem of high cost；And electron gun is because generating the problem of shadow grid of thermal deformation touches cathode, leads to cisco unity malfunction.
Claims (1)
1. based on multiple physical field collaborative simulation determine electron gun aperture plate assembly building away from method, it is specific as follows：
Step 1, according to requirement on electric performance, use microwave tube simulation softward suit MTSS to design grided electron gun；
It is d to write the grided electron gun cathode of sufficient requirement on electric performance and shadow grid spacing all over1, shadow grid is d with control gate spacing2；
Step 2 carries out heating power collaborative simulation using ANSYS softwares to grided electron gun；
Deformation Δ z of the cathode center position along z-axis is obtained according to heating power simulation result1, shadow grid center is along z-axis
Deformation Δ z2, control gate center along z-axis deformation Δ z3；Δ z ＞ 0 are indicated along z-axis positive direction deformation, 0 tables of Δ z ＜
Show along z-axis negative direction deformation；
Step 3, cathode, shadow grid and the control gate deformation results obtained according to step 2, to cathode under cold state and shadow grid
Assembly building is away from being modified；
Remember the assembly building of cathode and shadow grid away from for D1, the spacing between cathode and shadow grid is according to (1-1) amendment
D1=d1±|Δz1-Δz2| (1-1)
If Δ z1＜ 0, Δ z2＜ 0, then D1=d1+|Δz1-Δz2|；If Δ z1＞ 0, Δ z2＞ 0, then D1=d1+|Δz1-Δz2
|；When the deformation that cathode and shadow grid axially generate is in the same direction, in the spacing d of electrical parameter design1On the basis of add deformation
The difference of generation makes its spacing at work between cathode and shadow grid reach d1；
If Δ z1＜ 0, Δ z2＞ 0, then D1=d1-|Δz2-Δz1|；If Δ z1＞ 0, Δ z2＜ 0, then D1=d1+|Δz1-Δz2
|；When the deformation that cathode and shadow grid axially generate is reversed, d is used1Subtract between cathode and shadow grid it is increased away from
From making its spacing at work between cathode and shadow grid just reach d1；
Step 4, the correction result D according to step 31To the assembly building of shadow grid under cold state and control gate away from being modified, note is cloudy
The spacing of shadow grid and control gate is D2；
If D1＞ d1, Δ z3＞ 0, then D2=d2+|D1-d1-Δz3|；Space D between revised cathode and shadow grid1＞
d1, control gate axially positive direction change when, the spacing between shadow grid and control gate becomes larger, and uses d2Subtract shadow grid with
Increased distance between control gate, d when its spacing at work being made to reach design2；
If D1＞ d1, Δ z3＜ 0, then D2=d2+|D1-d1-Δz3|；Space D between revised cathode and shadow grid1＞
d1, control gate axially negative direction change when, the spacing between shadow grid and control gate becomes smaller, and uses d2Reduce between in addition
Distance, d when making it spacing of shadow grid and control gate reaching design at work2；
If D1＜ d1, Δ z3＞ 0, then D2=d2-|d1-D1+Δz3|；Space D between revised cathode and shadow grid1＜
d1, control gate axially positive direction change when, the spacing between shadow grid and control gate becomes larger, and uses d2Increase between subtracting
Distance, d when making it spacing of shadow grid and control gate reaching design at work2；
If D1＜ d1, Δ z3＜ 0, then D2=d2+|d1-D1-Δz3|；Space D between revised cathode and shadow grid1＜
d1, control gate axially negative direction change when, use d2The distance reduced between in addition makes its shadow grid and control at work
The spacing of grid processed reaches d when design2。
Step 5, according to the revised assembly space D of step 41, D2As the dress under cold state between cathode, shadow grid, control gate
With distance.
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| CN109637919A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-04-16 | 中山科立特光电科技有限公司 | High-duty ratio nano material cold cathode electron gun |
| CN109786192A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-05-21 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | Electron gun structure, its working method and the microwave tube comprising the electron gun structure |
| WO2020118957A1 (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-18 | 陕西利友百辉科技发展有限公司 | Suspended grid cathode structure, electron gun, electron accelerator and irradiation device |
| CN111312570A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-19 | 电子科技大学 | Simulation method for determining assembly distance between cathode of electron gun and hot wire |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109637919A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-04-16 | 中山科立特光电科技有限公司 | High-duty ratio nano material cold cathode electron gun |
| WO2020118957A1 (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-18 | 陕西利友百辉科技发展有限公司 | Suspended grid cathode structure, electron gun, electron accelerator and irradiation device |
| CN111328176A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-23 | 陕西利友百辉科技发展有限公司 | Suspended grid cathode structure, electron gun, electron accelerator and irradiation device |
| CN111328176B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2021-12-17 | 陕西利友百辉科技发展有限公司 | Suspended grid cathode structure, electron gun, electron accelerator and irradiation device |
| CN109786192A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-05-21 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | Electron gun structure, its working method and the microwave tube comprising the electron gun structure |
| CN111312570A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-19 | 电子科技大学 | Simulation method for determining assembly distance between cathode of electron gun and hot wire |
| CN111312570B (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2021-04-30 | 电子科技大学 | Simulation method for determining assembly distance between cathode of electron gun and hot wire |
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