CN107826136A - The safety seat and its design method of delivery vehicle - Google Patents

The safety seat and its design method of delivery vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107826136A
CN107826136A CN201711077599.9A CN201711077599A CN107826136A CN 107826136 A CN107826136 A CN 107826136A CN 201711077599 A CN201711077599 A CN 201711077599A CN 107826136 A CN107826136 A CN 107826136A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
backrest
seat
hook
extension spring
safety seat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201711077599.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN107826136B (en
Inventor
张乐乐
卫亮
王存义
其他发明人请求不公开姓名
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing Jiaotong University
Original Assignee
Beijing Jiaotong University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Jiaotong University filed Critical Beijing Jiaotong University
Priority to CN201911052551.1A priority Critical patent/CN110789555A/en
Priority to CN201911051766.1A priority patent/CN110789554B/en
Priority to CN201911051731.8A priority patent/CN110789553B/en
Priority to CN201911051735.6A priority patent/CN110758431B/en
Priority to CN201711077599.9A priority patent/CN107826136B/en
Priority to CN201911052543.7A priority patent/CN110775085B/en
Publication of CN107826136A publication Critical patent/CN107826136A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107826136B publication Critical patent/CN107826136B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D33/00—Seats
    • B61D33/0092—Safety seats, e.g. comprising safety locking means; Seats for children
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B29/00—Accommodation for crew or passengers not otherwise provided for
    • B63B29/02—Cabins or other living spaces; Construction or arrangement thereof
    • B63B29/04—Furniture peculiar to vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D11/00—Passenger or crew accommodation; Flight-deck installations not otherwise provided for
    • B64D11/06—Arrangements of seats, or adaptations or details specially adapted for aircraft seats
    • B64D11/0619—Arrangements of seats, or adaptations or details specially adapted for aircraft seats with energy absorbing means specially adapted for mitigating impact loads for passenger seats, e.g. at a crash
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B29/00—Accommodation for crew or passengers not otherwise provided for
    • B63B29/02—Cabins or other living spaces; Construction or arrangement thereof
    • B63B29/04—Furniture peculiar to vessels
    • B63B2029/043—Seats; Arrangements thereof on vessels

Abstract

A kind of safety seat of delivery vehicle, the lower end of the supporting leg of seat is arranged on the floor of delivery vehicle, and top is connected to support underframe；Cushion is installed on the support underframe, armrest support is installed at the left and right sides or left, center, right three of chassis；The armrest support is supported and is connected to backrest, and the backrest is connected by armrest support with chassis, and the support beam bottom of backrest both sides is connected with armrest support by bearing pin, it is characterised in that the controllable crash energy absorption equipment that leans forward of backrest is provided between backrest and chassis.According to the present invention, it can mitigate when the delivery vehicle slows down suddenly or even avoid collision damage of the passenger by front-row seats.It the method can be widely used in High Speed Railway Trains, EMU, highway bus, car, officer's car, aircraft, steamer, pleasure-boat or cruise etc..

Description

The safety seat and its design method of delivery vehicle
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of safety seat of delivery vehicle, more particularly to a kind of protection that can improve occupant's crash-worthiness The Anti-knocking seat of passenger's delivery vehicle such as seat, i.e. High Speed Railway Trains, highway bus, car, aircraft, steamer, It can mitigate when the delivery vehicle slows down suddenly or even avoid collision damage of the passenger by front-row seats.
Background technology
Bullet train will bring larger injury to occupant when unexpected deceleration is for example crashing.In train In collision accident, primary collision, secondary collision are the main reason for causing occupant's injures and deaths.Especially when head-on crash occurs for train During accident, inertia force effect under, train collision moment occupant front-row seats can be bumped against with certain speed backrest on. Because the backrest of the seat of prior art is rigid structure, so head, neck, chest and leg cause more serious damage Wound, in addition it is fatal, so the energy-absorbing buffer device of seat has larger protective effect to occupant from secondary collision damage.
In the prior art, the seat of bullet train rigid structure mainly plays a supportive role, and it is relatively low to assign the crash-worthiness of passenger, And do not possess crusherbull zone energy-absorbing function, when train crashes, occupant bumps against front-row seats due to effect of inertia During backrest surface, similar to rigid collision, so as to cause the more serious damage of occupant, so, existing high-speed train chair is to multiplying The collsion damage protection of member is weaker, and occupant damages seriously in collision accident.
For a long time, those skilled in the art has formd a kind of thinking inertia and technology prejudice, it is believed that vehicle, flies Seat on machine, ship should be just present structure, and nobody expects what invention of great significance wound this seat can also contain Make.Backrest can be widely accepted with hypsokinesis, however, always nobody considers whether should also allow under specific operation Backrest leans forward, and more nobody considers which type of technical scheme can realize the target of safety seat.
So far, in the market lacks a kind of safety seat of high-speed carriering tool.And break through traditional thinking inertia with And overcome the prejudice of conventional art, replacement ground upgrading is particularly updated to traditional quotidian product, is all needed Pay huge creative work.Also occur too small automobile rear occupant even famous person, leader in the past and colliding front row seat The news report sustained a severe injury during chair.Particularly, as the popularization and development of high ferro, in the market more and more urgently need this height The safety seat of fast train.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of safety seat of delivery vehicle, and it can when the delivery vehicle slows down suddenly Mitigate and even avoid collision damage of the passenger by front-row seats.
Therefore, according to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of safety seat of delivery vehicle, the supporting leg of seat Lower end is arranged on the floor of delivery vehicle, and top is connected to support underframe；Cushion, a left side for chassis are installed on the support underframe Armrest support is installed at right both sides or left, center, right three；The armrest support supports and is connected to backrest, and the backrest passes through handrail Support is connected with chassis, and the support beam bottom of backrest both sides is connected with handrail by bearing pin, it is characterised in that in backrest and chassis Between be provided with the controllable crash energy absorption equipment that leans forward of backrest.
Preferably, back rest supports beam bottom, which is set, makes hinge of the backrest using fixed pin shaft as axis rotation, before the backrest The crash energy absorption equipment that inclines is arranged on the bottom of the hinge, and the backrest leans forward one end of crash energy absorption equipment and back rest supports beam connects Connect, the other end is connected with chassis.
Preferably, the delivery vehicle is High Speed Railway Trains, EMU, highway bus, car, public affair Car, aircraft, steamer, pleasure-boat or cruise.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with head crash energy absorption equipment on the top of backrest.
Preferably, the rigid structure on surface behind the upper end of the backrest of prior art is changed, centre sets serpentine spring, Back cover foamed material, before cover back cushion.
Preferably, the controllable crash energy absorption equipment that leans forward of the backrest is arranged on support beam bottom, support frame lower section or handrail Top.
Preferably, the controllable crash energy absorption equipment that leans forward of the backrest is spring assembly, hydraulic cylinder damping device, inertia unblock Device, and/or hinge means.
Preferably, the fixing end of extension spring is set on backrest, the fixing end of extension spring is set on the seat.
Preferably, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder is hinged on backrest, sets sash weight on the seat, the sash weight suspended substrate stripline and switch The pulling plug of valve is connected.
Preferably, set a hook to insert on backrest, a level trough is set on the seat, the level trough is inserted towards backrest hook One end, which is provided with, can be inserted into the slotting briar tooth of the hook, and the bottom surface of the slotting bottom surface of hook and briar tooth is all slightly below in same level Plane where the level trough, briar tooth is inserted with hook contains a ball or roller jointly.
Preferably, a diagonal brace with middle hinge shaft is set between backrest and seat, and the middle hinge shaft is also cut with scissors with sash weight Connect, the suspended substrate stripline of sash weight is fixed at the neighbouring middle hinge shaft with one to be hinged, and the diagonal brace forms three with backrest and seat It is angular.
Preferably, backrest includes being hinged on preceding surface successively the upper end of headed buffering energy-absorbing protector, interlude and Lower end；The extension spring being connected with each other between upper end and interlude on rear surface or internal setting, in rear table between interlude and lower end Face or the internal extension spring that interconnection is set, or, it is connected with each other between top and bottom on rear surface or internal setting Extension spring.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of design method of the safety seat of delivery vehicle, it is special Sign is so that when critical moment value of the torque caused by occupant strikes front-seat backrest higher than setting, backrest can be around fixation Bearing pin rotates forward, absorb local collision energy, so as to protect heel row occupant from or mitigate damage；Meanwhile prevent backrest mistake Degree rotate forward, avoid occur secondary collision, so as to protect front-row occupant from or mitigate damage.
Preferably, under accidental conditions, extension spring causes backrest to be in normal posture, in the pulling force effect of the spring Under, backrest will not lean forward, but torque caused by as heel row occupant striking the top of front-seat backrest will be above the critical force of extension spring During square value, front-seat backrest is leaned forward around fixed pin shaft, set the parameters such as the coefficient of elasticity of spring.
Preferably, under accidental conditions, the oil circuit of hydraulic cylinder does not flow so that and backrest is in normal posture, Under the restraining function of hydraulic cylinder, backrest will not be leaned forward, but when crashing, sash weight is swung forward so that pulling plug is in The open position of switch valve, heel row occupant strike the top of front-seat backrest caused by torque cause the oil circuit of hydraulic cylinder from operation The shift in the rear in direction makes front-seat backrest be leaned forward around fixed pin shaft to front, and elongates piston rod, sets the row of piston rod The parameters such as journey.
Preferably, under accidental conditions, briar tooth is inserted with hook and can not be mutually disengaged, so that backrest is in normal Posture, under the stop of roller or ball, backrest will not lean forward, but when crashing, ball or roller are made in inertia Leave briar tooth under to insert with hook, into level trough, so, briar tooth is inserted with hook and is mutually disengaged constraint, before heel row occupant strikes Torque caused by arranging the top of backrest causes front-seat backrest to be leaned forward around fixed pin shaft, sets the parameters such as the slotting swing angle of hook.
Preferably, under accidental conditions, triangle stability make it that backrest is in normal posture, but when touching When hitting accident, sash weight is swung forward suddenly, and in the presence of lever force, sash weight stirs the middle hinge shaft so that the centre Hinge leaves the straight line where diagonal brace, destroys the stability of triangle, and heel row occupant is struck caused by the top of front-seat backrest Torque causes front-seat backrest to be leaned forward around fixed pin shaft, sets the parameters such as the position of stopping pin.
Preferably, under accidental conditions, adjacent surface, interlude and lower end between the upper end of backrest and interlude Between adjacent surface it is mutually closely connected between the rear surface of backrest and hinge between preceding surface, have extension spring between each other Connect each other so that backrest is in normal posture, but when crashing, heel row occupant strikes the upper of front-seat backrest Torque caused by portion causes front-seat backrest around each section of hinge collapsed forward, to set the parameters such as the coefficient of elasticity of extension spring.
According to the safety seat of the delivery vehicle of the present invention, it can mitigate or even avoid when the delivery vehicle slows down suddenly Collision damage of the passenger by front-row seats.
According to the present invention, the backrest of seat is provided with buffering energy-absorbing structure, and the angle of inclination before and after backrest is can be controlled in rationally Scope, occupant is set to be protected from damaging, the upper end of backrest also can further set buffering energy-absorbing structure, to head protection pin It is strong to property, therefore, by simple and easy structure, unexpected advantageous effects are generated, realize safety seat Ideal functionality.In the world there is not yet report on like product.
The present invention breaches traditional thinking inertia, overcomes the prejudice of conventional art, to traditional quotidian production Product have carried out the upgrading of update formula, it is proposed that allow the controllable safety seat to lean forward of backrest, not only have economic effect Benefit, and there is social benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the armchair structure schematic diagram according to prior art.
Fig. 2 is the safety seat structural representation according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 A and 3B are the safety seat principle schematic diagram according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 A and 4B are the safety seat principle schematic diagram according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 A and 5B are the safety seat principle schematic diagram according to further embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 A and 6B are the safety seat principle schematic diagram according to further embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 A and 7B are the safety seat principle schematic diagram according to further embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1-2, the lower end of the supporting leg 4 of seat is arranged on bullet train floor, and top connection chassis 5； The chassis 5 primarily serves supporting role, and chassis top is cushion 7.Armrest support 3 is installed at the left, center, right three of chassis 5；This is helped The existing supporting role to backrest 2 of hand support 3, while the connection function to backrest 2 is also functioned to, the backrest 2 passes through armrest support 3 It is connected with chassis 5, the support beam bottom of the both sides of backrest 2 is connected with armrest support 3 by bearing pin, it is possible to achieve using bearing pin as axle center Tilt adjustments backward.
In one embodiment of the safety seat according to the present invention, connect between the support beam bottom of backrest 2 and chassis 5 Spring buffer energy absorption device 6 is connected to, the top of backrest 2 is provided with head crash energy absorption equipment 1, and it effectively protects occupant in shock From damage.
In the armchair structure of prior art as shown in Figure 1, do not possess crash energy absorption equipment 1,6, so in collision thing In therefore, heel row occupant is due to that can cause more serious damage after on effect of inertia bumps against front-seat backrest.Because backrest 2 can only be to Rear-inclined, it can not turn forward, so backrest 2 tilts backwards that angle is bigger in collision accident, to the injury protection of heel row occupant It is more unfavorable.
In embodiments of the invention as shown in Figure 2, by backrest crash energy absorption equipment 6, train collision thing can be reduced Therefore middle occupant caused damage when hitting front-row seats backrest.Back rest supports beam bottom sets turning joint, and backrest can be with fixation Bearing pin is axis rotation, and the installation spring buffer energy absorption device 6 in hinge bottom, one end of the device 6 is connected with back rest supports beam, The other end is connected with chassis 5.When crashing, it is critical higher than setting that occupant strikes torque caused by front-seat backrest During moment values, backrest 2 can rotate forward around the direction shown in fixed pin shaft along arrow F, and spring buffer energy absorption device 6 can be inhaled Receiving portions collision energy, so as to play the purpose of protection heel row occupant.
According to the present invention, the damage of heel row occupant should be reduced, while it is also contemplated that the damage of front-row occupant, is avoided the occurrence of Because backrest 2 excessively rotates forward in accident, so as to cause heel row occupant to strike the secondary collision accident of front-row occupant, or Person front row backrest 2, which excessively leans forward, causes the heel row occupant seat that flies out to be crashed with other interior structures, so, entering one In the embodiment of step, spacing lockable mechanism is added in the bottom of back rest supports beam 3, when backrest 2 leans forward to certain angle, limit Position lockable mechanism starts to intervene, and backrest 2 is locked, avoids that secondary collision occurs, so as to reach the purpose of protection front-row occupant.
In one embodiment of the invention, crash energy absorption equipment 6 is as spring, under accidental conditions, buffering Under the pulling force effect of the spring, backrest 2 will not lean forward energy absorption device 6.But when crashing, occupant strikes front row Torque caused by backrest will be above the critical moment value of setting, front-seat backrest 2 is leaned forward around fixed pin shaft；And the amplitude of leaning forward is got over Greatly, the pulling force of spring is also big, is equal to moment values caused by spring tension in torque caused by the front-seat backrest of occupant's shock When, backrest 2 stops continuing to rotate forward, therefore, by setting the parameter of spring, can either protect heel row occupant, also can Enough protect front-row occupant.
It is rigid structure according to the upper end of the backrest of prior art, in collision accident, the head of heel row occupant is easy Collided with the upper end of front-row seats backrest and cause damage, and it is serious when may be fatal.After avoiding well The head for arranging occupant is damaged in collision accident caused by shock, is preferably delayed on back rest supports beam top equipped with head Rush energy absorption device 1, back covering foamed material, centre connects for serpentine spring, before cover back cushion 8, more targetedly inhale The energy of head impact is received, protects heel row occupant's head from the purpose of impact damage so as to reach.
As shown in Figure 3A, according to a different embodiment, the fixing end 11 of extension spring 13 is set on backrest 2, The fixing end 12 of extension spring 13 is set on seat 5, under accidental conditions, extension spring 13 causes backrest 2 to be in normal posture, Under the pulling force effect of the spring 13, backrest 2 will not lean forward.But when crashing, as shown in Figure 3 B, heel row occupant is hit When will be above the critical moment value of extension spring 13 to torque caused by the top 1 of front-seat backrest 2, make front-seat backrest 2 around fixed pin shaft Lean forward, and elongate extension spring 13；And the amplitude that leans forward is bigger, the pulling force of spring 13 is also big, and hitting front-seat backrest in occupant is produced When raw torque is equal to moment values caused by the pulling force of spring 13, backrest 2 stops continuing to rotate forward, therefore, by setting The parameters such as the coefficient of elasticity of spring 13 are set, heel row occupant can either be protected, can also protect front-row occupant.
As shown in Figure 4 A, it is hinged on backrest 2, is present according in another embodiment of the invention, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder Sash weight is set on chair 5, the sash weight suspended substrate stripline is connected with the pulling plug of switch valve, under accidental conditions, the oil circuit of hydraulic cylinder Do not flow so that backrest 2 is in normal posture, and under the restraining function of hydraulic cylinder, backrest 2 will not lean forward.But when touching When hitting accident, as shown in Figure 4 B, sash weight is swung forward so that pulling plug is in the open position of switch valve, and heel row occupant strikes Torque caused by the top 1 of front-seat backrest 2 causes the oil circuit of hydraulic cylinder from the shift in the rear of traffic direction to front, to lean on front row The back of the body 2 leans forward around fixed pin shaft, and elongates piston rod；And the amplitude that leans forward is bigger, the stroke of piston rod can limit backrest 2 stop after It is continuous to rotate forward, therefore, the parameter such as stroke by setting piston rod, heel row occupant can either be protected, before can also protecting Arrange occupant.
As shown in Figure 5A, according to further embodiment of the present invention, set a hook to insert on backrest 2, one is set on seat 5 Level trough, the briar tooth that the level trough is inserted towards one end that backrest hook is inserted provided with the pluggable hook, the slotting bottom surface of hook and briar tooth Bottom surface is all slightly below the plane where the level trough in same level.Under accidental conditions, briar tooth is inserted with hook Containing a ball or roller jointly so that briar tooth is inserted with hook and can not be mutually disengaged, so that backrest 2 is in normal posture, Under the stop of roller or ball, backrest 2 will not lean forward.But when crashing, as shown in Figure 5 B, ball or roller exist Leave briar tooth under effect of inertia to insert with hook, into level trough, so, briar tooth is inserted with hook and is mutually disengaged constraint, and heel row occupant hits Torque caused by the top 1 of front-seat backrest 2 is hit so that front-seat backrest 2 leans forward around fixed pin shaft, and easily takes various arrange Apply limitation backrest 2 to stop continuing to rotate forward, therefore, by setting the parameters such as the slotting swing angle of hook, after can either protecting Occupant is arranged, can also protect front-row occupant.
As shown in Figure 6A, according to further embodiment of the present invention, the middle hinge of a band is set between backrest 2 and seat 5 The diagonal brace of axle, the middle hinge shaft are also hinged with sash weight, and the suspended substrate stripline of sash weight is fixed at the neighbouring middle hinge shaft with one to be cut with scissors Connection.Under accidental conditions, there is triangle stability between backrest 2 and seat 5, so that backrest 2 is in normal Posture.But when crashing, as shown in Figure 6B, sash weight is swung forward suddenly, in the presence of lever force, sash weight is dialled Move the middle hinge shaft so that the middle hinge shaft leaves the straight line where diagonal brace, destroys the stability of triangle, and heel row multiplies Member strikes torque caused by the top 1 of front-seat backrest 2 so that front-seat backrest 2 leans forward around fixed pin shaft, and easily takes each Kind measure, such as upper setting stopping pin in position, limitation backrest 2 stop continuation and rotated forward, therefore, stopped by setting The parameters such as the position of rationed marketing, heel row occupant can either be protected, can also protect front-row occupant.
As shown in Figure 7 A, according to further embodiment of the invention, backrest 2 is decomposed into what is be hinged successively on preceding surface Three sections, the i.e. upper end 1 of headed buffering energy-absorbing protector, interlude 21 and lower end 22.In rear table between upper end 1 and interlude 21 Face or the internal drawing that the extension spring being connected with each other is set, is connected with each other between interlude 21 and lower end 22 on rear surface or internal setting Spring, or, in rear surface or the internal extension spring for setting interconnection between upper end 1 and lower end 22.Under accidental conditions, The adjacent surface between adjacent surface, interlude 21 and lower end 22 between the upper end 1 of backrest 2 and interlude 21 is after backrest It is mutually closely connected between surface and hinge between preceding surface, there is extension spring to connect each other between each other so that backrest 2 is in just Normal posture.But when crashing, as shown in Figure 7 B, heel row occupant strikes power caused by the top 1 of front-seat backrest 2 Square causes front-seat backrest 2 around each section of hinge collapsed forward, and the pulling force limitation backrest 2 of extension spring stops continuing to rotate forward, Therefore, the parameter such as coefficient of elasticity by setting extension spring, can either protect heel row occupant, can also protect front-row occupant.
Detailed description more than to multiple embodiments, inventor extensively, deeply and meticulously disclose oneself Inventive concept, under the inspiration of the present invention, those skilled in the art remains able to further to be supplemented, be perfect, improving, Replace, change etc..However, so fall within the scope of patent protection that appended claims are limited.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of safety seat of delivery vehicle, the lower end of the supporting leg of seat is arranged on the floor of delivery vehicle, and top It is connected to support underframe；Cushion is installed on the support underframe, armrest support is installed at the left and right sides or left, center, right three of chassis； The armrest support is supported and is connected to backrest, and the backrest is connected by armrest support with chassis, the support beam bottom of backrest both sides Portion is connected with armrest support by bearing pin, it is characterised in that the controllable buffering energy-absorbing that leans forward of backrest is provided between backrest and chassis Device；
Preferably, back rest supports beam bottom, which is set, makes hinge of the backrest using fixed pin shaft as axis rotation, and the backrest leans forward slow Rushing the bottom that energy absorption device is arranged on the hinge, lean forward one end of crash energy absorption equipment of the backrest is connected with back rest supports beam, The other end is connected with chassis.
2. safety seat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The delivery vehicle is High Speed Railway Trains, EMU, highway bus, car, officer's car, aircraft, wheel Ship, pleasure-boat or cruise；Or
Head crash energy absorption equipment is additionally provided with the top of backrest, it is preferable that behind the upper end for changing the backrest of prior art The rigid structure on surface, centre set serpentine spring, back covering foamed material, before cover back cushion.
3. safety seat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The controllable crash energy absorption equipment that leans forward of the backrest is arranged on the top of support beam bottom, support frame lower section or handrail；Or
The controllable crash energy absorption equipment that leans forward of the backrest is spring assembly, hydraulic cylinder damping device, inertia tripper and/or hinge Chain apparatus.
4. safety seat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
One fixing end of extension spring is set on backrest, another fixing end of extension spring is set on the seat.
5. safety seat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The piston rod of hydraulic cylinder is hinged on backrest, sets sash weight on the seat, the pulling plug phase of the sash weight suspended substrate stripline and switch valve Connection.
6. safety seat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Set a hook to insert on backrest, a level trough is set on the seat, the level trough is provided with towards one end that backrest hook is inserted can The slotting briar tooth of the hook is inserted, the bottom surface and the bottom surface of briar tooth that hook is inserted all are slightly below the level trough in same level The plane at place, briar tooth is inserted with hook contains a ball or roller jointly.
7. safety seat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
One diagonal brace with middle hinge shaft is set between backrest and seat, and the middle hinge shaft is also hinged with sash weight, and sash weight hangs Put line to be hinged with a fixation at the neighbouring middle hinge shaft, the diagonal brace and backrest and seat are triangle.
8. safety seat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Backrest includes upper end, interlude and the lower end for the headed buffering energy-absorbing protector being hinged successively on preceding surface；Upper end and In rear surface or the internal extension spring for setting interconnection between interlude, set between interlude and lower end on rear surface or inside The extension spring of interconnection, or, in rear surface or the internal extension spring for setting interconnection between top and bottom.
A kind of 9. design method of the safety seat of delivery vehicle, it is characterised in that
So that when critical moment value of the torque caused by occupant strikes front-seat backrest higher than setting, backrest can be around fixed pin shaft Rotate forward, absorb local collision energy, so as to protect heel row occupant from or mitigate damage；Meanwhile prevent backrest excessively to Preceding rotation, avoid front-row occupant occur secondary collision, so as to protect front-row occupant from or mitigate damage.
10. design method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that
Under accidental conditions, extension spring causes backrest to be in normal posture, and under the pulling force effect of the spring, backrest will not Lean forward, but when torque caused by heel row occupant strikes the top of front-seat backrest will be above the critical moment value of extension spring, before making Row's backrest leans forward around fixed pin shaft, sets the parameters such as the coefficient of elasticity of spring；Or
Under accidental conditions, the oil circuit of hydraulic cylinder does not flow so that backrest is in normal posture, in pining down for hydraulic cylinder Under effect, backrest will not be leaned forward, but when crashing, sash weight is swung forward so that pulling plug is in the opening of switch valve Position, heel row occupant strike the top of front-seat backrest caused by torque the oil circuit of hydraulic cylinder is turned from the rear of traffic direction Front is moved to, front-seat backrest is leaned forward around fixed pin shaft, and elongates piston rod, sets the parameters such as the stroke of piston rod；Or Person,
Under accidental conditions, briar tooth is inserted with hook and can not be mutually disengaged, so that backrest is in normal posture, in roller Or under the stop of ball, backrest will not lean forward, but when crashing, ball or roller leave briar tooth under effect of inertia Inserted with hook, into level trough, so, briar tooth is inserted with hook and is mutually disengaged constraint, and heel row occupant strikes the top of front-seat backrest Caused torque causes front-seat backrest to be leaned forward around fixed pin shaft, sets the parameters such as the slotting swing angle of hook；Or
Under accidental conditions, triangle stability causes backrest to be in normal posture, but when crashing, hangs Hammer is swung forward suddenly, and in the presence of lever force, sash weight stirs the middle hinge shaft so that the middle hinge shaft leaves diagonal brace The straight line at place, destroys the stability of triangle, heel row occupant strike the top of front-seat backrest caused by torque cause front row Backrest leans forward around fixed pin shaft, sets the parameters such as the position of stopping pin；Or
It is adjacent between the adjacent surface, interlude and lower end between the upper end of backrest and interlude under accidental conditions Surface is mutually closely connected between the rear surface of backrest and hinge between preceding surface, has extension spring to connect each other between each other, So that backrest is in normal posture, but when crashing, heel row occupant is struck caused by the top of front-seat backrest Torque causes front-seat backrest around each section of hinge collapsed forward, to set the parameters such as the coefficient of elasticity of extension spring.
CN201711077599.9A 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat for a vehicle and method for designing the same Active CN107826136B (en)

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CN201911052551.1A CN110789555A (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with drop hammer release mechanism
CN201911051766.1A CN110789554B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with hinge unlocking mechanism
CN201911051731.8A CN110789553B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with backrest forward-leaning buffering energy-absorbing device
CN201911051735.6A CN110758431B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with forward-leaning backrest buffering energy-absorbing hydraulic cylinder
CN201711077599.9A CN107826136B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat for a vehicle and method for designing the same
CN201911052543.7A CN110775085B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with ball unlocking mechanism

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CN201911051766.1A Division CN110789554B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with hinge unlocking mechanism
CN201911051735.6A Division CN110758431B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with forward-leaning backrest buffering energy-absorbing hydraulic cylinder
CN201911052543.7A Division CN110775085B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with ball unlocking mechanism
CN201911052551.1A Division CN110789555A (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with drop hammer release mechanism

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CN201711077599.9A Active CN107826136B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat for a vehicle and method for designing the same
CN201911052551.1A Pending CN110789555A (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with drop hammer release mechanism
CN201911051766.1A Active CN110789554B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with hinge unlocking mechanism
CN201911051735.6A Active CN110758431B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with forward-leaning backrest buffering energy-absorbing hydraulic cylinder
CN201911052543.7A Active CN110775085B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with ball unlocking mechanism

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CN201911051735.6A Active CN110758431B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with forward-leaning backrest buffering energy-absorbing hydraulic cylinder
CN201911052543.7A Active CN110775085B (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Safety seat with ball unlocking mechanism

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CN110775085B (en) 2020-12-08
CN110758431B (en) 2021-02-12
CN110789553A (en) 2020-02-14
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CN110789553B (en) 2021-04-06
CN110775085A (en) 2020-02-11

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