CN107814606B - Tea set fertilizer and application method thereof - Google Patents
Tea set fertilizer and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107814606B CN107814606B CN201711351857.8A CN201711351857A CN107814606B CN 107814606 B CN107814606 B CN 107814606B CN 201711351857 A CN201711351857 A CN 201711351857A CN 107814606 B CN107814606 B CN 107814606B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tea set meal fertilizer and a use method thereof, wherein the effective components of a base fertilizer are as follows by weight percent: 14-16% of organic matters, 12-14% of nitrogen, 5-7% of phosphorus pentoxide and 6-8% of potassium oxide; the spring fertilizer comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 20-24% of nitrogen, 5-7% of phosphorus pentoxide and 10-13% of potassium oxide; the effective components of the autumn fertilizer are the same as those of the spring fertilizer. In an organic tea garden, the high-yield and high-efficiency tea package fertilizer is applied in the tea garden through three stages of base fertilizer, spring fertilizer and autumn fertilizer, the requirement characteristics and quality requirements of tea trees for nutrients can be met, the income of farmers is increased, the yield of tea leaves can be increased by 34-45% compared with the conventional fertilizer application, the yield of tea leaves can be increased by 22-40%, the yield of buds can be increased by 6-38%, the nitrogen fertilizer investment can be reduced by 38-50%, the phosphate fertilizer investment can be reduced by 51-63%, the yield can be reduced by 45-62%, the nutrient utilization efficiency is obviously improved, the annual income increase reaches 5610 and 7700 yuan, and the high practical application value is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a tea set fertilizer and a using method thereof.
Background
China is the origin of tea and also the first big tea-producing country in the world. The tea area of Fujian province spans two major tea areas of south China and south China, the tea yield and the tea yield value are the first in China, the relevance is high, the driving performance is strong, and the tea area of Fujian province is one of the pillar industries with the advantages of industry clusters. However, the problem of tea quality safety becomes a serious problem in the current tea production, and gradually gets public attention. The problems of low nutrient efficiency, soil acidification, reduced fertility and the like commonly exist in the tea garden production. Therefore, at present, it is urgently needed to create a high-efficiency special fertilizer according to the nutrient demand rule of tea trees, the soil nutrient supply condition and the fertilizer effect reaction, and simplify the fertilization technology, which has very important significance for improving the tea quality and the nutrient absorption and utilization efficiency, maintaining the stable yield and yield of tea, promoting the sustainable development of the tea industry and reducing the environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tea package fertilizer and a using method thereof, which can meet the nutrient requirement of tea trees in a tea garden, provide an effective solution for reasonable nutrient input and improvement of the yield of the tea garden, and have high practical application value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-yield and high-efficiency tea set meal fertilizer comprises a base fertilizer, a spring fertilizer and an autumn fertilizer; the base fertilizer comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 14-16% of organic matters, 12-14% of nitrogen, 5-7% of phosphorus pentoxide and 6-8% of potassium oxide; the spring fertilizer comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 20-24% of nitrogen, 5-7% of phosphorus pentoxide and 10-13% of potassium oxide; the effective components of the autumn fertilizer are the same as those of the spring fertilizer.
Further, the base fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 38-43% of decomposed organic material, 25-30% of urea, 12-16% of monoammonium phosphate and 11-16% of potassium sulfate, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%; the spring fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 42-50% of urea, 12-17% of monoammonium phosphate, 20-24% of potassium sulfate, 3-5% of magnesium oxide, 7-9% of humic acid and 5% of attapulgite powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%; the raw material composition of the spring fertilizer is the same as that of the autumn fertilizer.
The high-yield and high-efficiency tea set meal fertilizer is not limited to the raw materials, but can be prepared from other compounds containing nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide and other raw materials, and the effective components of the high-yield and high-efficiency tea set meal fertilizer can achieve the technical effects in the invention within the scope of the invention. For example, nitrogen sources are provided by nitrogen-containing compounds such as ammonium sulfate, controlled release urea, and the like; providing a source of phosphorus from calcium superphosphate; potassium source is provided by potassium-containing compound such as potassium magnesium sulfate.
The application method suitable for the high-yield and high-efficiency tea set meal fertilizer comprises the following steps: after autumn tea is picked, combining ditching as soon as possible and deeply applying 40-60 kilograms of base fertilizer per mu; applying 20-30 kg of spring fertilizer per mu one month before picking the spring tea; 20-30 kg of the autumn tea is applied 1 month before picking.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention provides a high-yield and high-efficiency tea set fertilizer and an application method thereof according to the soil nutrient supply condition of tea gardens in the south of China, the tea garden management mode and the nutrient demand rule and biological characteristics of tea, the set fertilizer can meet the nutrient demand of tea trees in different periods, is beneficial to improving the quality and the yield of tea, increases the income of farmers, and provides an effective solution for scientific fertilization of tea gardens;
2) a multi-point field test shows that the application of the set of the fertilizer not only improves the yield of tea, but also can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of nutrients. Compared with the conventional fertilization of the tea green, the yield of the tea green is increased by 34-45%, the yield of the dried tea is increased by 22-40%, the number of buds is increased by 6-38%, the nitrogen fertilizer investment is reduced by 38-50%, the phosphate fertilizer investment is reduced by 51-63%, and the fertilizer investment is reduced by 45-62%, the nutrient utilization efficiency is obviously improved, the annual income increase reaches 5610-.
Detailed Description
For further disclosure, but not limitation, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
A tea set meal fertilizer comprises a base fertilizer, a spring fertilizer and an autumn fertilizer; the base fertilizer comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 19% of organic matters, 12% of nitrogen, 5% of phosphorus pentoxide and 8% of potassium oxide; the base fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 43% of decomposed organic material, 25% of urea, 12% of monoammonium phosphate, 15% of potassium sulfate and 5% of attapulgite powder;
the spring fertilizer comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 20% of nitrogen, 7% of phosphorus pentoxide and 11% of potassium oxide; the spring fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 42% of urea, 17% of monoammonium phosphate, 23% of potassium sulfate, 4% of magnesium oxide, 9% of humic acid and 5% of attapulgite powder.
Further, the raw material composition of the spring fertilizer is the same as that of the autumn fertilizer.
The application method of the tea set meal fertilizer comprises the following steps: after autumn tea is picked, 50 kilograms of base fertilizer is applied per mu in combination with ditching; applying 25 kilograms of spring fertilizer to one mu of spring tea before picking; 25 kilograms of the autumn tea is applied to each mu 1 month before picking.
The field test of 2 points is carried out by the fertilizing method, and the result shows that: compared with the fertilization measures of the peasant households in the tea garden, the package of the embodiment is applied to increase the yield of the raw tea by 21.8% per mu in spring tea and increase the number of the bud tips by 5.4%; in autumn tea, the yield of the raw tea is increased by 39% per mu averagely, the number of the bud tips is increased by 22.5%, the nitrogen fertilizer investment is reduced by 47% every year, the phosphate fertilizer investment is reduced by 52%, the potassium fertilizer investment is reduced by 45%, and the annual income is increased by 5610 yuan. Therefore, the application of the set of fertilizer can obviously improve the tea yield and increase the income of farmers.
Wherein the conventional fertilization of peasant household habit isThe method comprises the following steps: base fertilizer application 15-15-15 (N-P)2O5-K2O,%, the same below) 5.5 kg/mu of compound fertilizer and 1 kg/mu of urea; applying 15-15-15 of spring fertilizer and 11.5 kilograms of urea per mu of compound fertilizer 40 kilograms per mu; applying 15-15-15 of summer fertilizer and 26.5 kilograms of compound fertilizer and 5.5 kilograms of urea per mu; 15-15-15 of autumn fertilizer is applied, and 15 kg/mu of urea is applied to 50 kg/mu of compound fertilizer.
Example 2
A tea set meal fertilizer comprises a base fertilizer, a spring fertilizer and an autumn fertilizer; the base fertilizer comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 18% of organic matters, 13% of nitrogen, 6% of phosphorus pentoxide and 7% of potassium oxide; the base fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40% of decomposed organic material, 28% of urea, 14% of monoammonium phosphate, 13% of potassium sulfate and 5% of attapulgite powder;
the spring fertilizer comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 22% of nitrogen, 6% of phosphorus pentoxide and 12% of potassium oxide; the spring fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of urea, 14% of monoammonium phosphate, 24% of potassium sulfate, 5% of magnesium oxide, 7% of humic acid and 5% of attapulgite powder.
Further, the raw material composition of the spring fertilizer is the same as that of the autumn fertilizer.
The application method of the tea set meal fertilizer comprises the following steps: after autumn tea is picked, 50 kilograms of base fertilizer is applied per mu in combination with ditching; applying 20 kg of spring fertilizer per mu one month before picking the spring tea; 30 kilograms of the autumn tea is applied to each mu 1 month before the autumn tea is picked.
The field test of 3 points is carried out by the fertilizing method, and the result shows that: compared with the fertilization measures of the peasant households in the tea garden, the package of the embodiment is applied, the yield of the raw tea is increased by 24% per mu in spring tea, and the number of the bud tips is increased by 8.4%; in autumn tea, the yield of the raw tea is increased by 32% per mu on average, the number of the bud tips is increased by 38%, the nitrogen fertilizer investment is reduced by 44% every year, the phosphate fertilizer investment is reduced by 53%, the potassium fertilizer investment is reduced by 40%, and the income is increased by 7700 yuan every year. Therefore, the application of the set of fertilizer can obviously improve the tea yield and increase the income of farmers.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A tea set meal fertilizer is characterized in that: the set of fertilizer consists of a base fertilizer, a spring fertilizer and an autumn fertilizer; the base fertilizer comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 14-16% of organic matters, 12-14% of nitrogen, 5-7% of phosphorus pentoxide and 6-8% of potassium oxide; the spring fertilizer comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 20-24% of nitrogen, 5-7% of phosphorus pentoxide and 10-13% of potassium oxide; the effective components of the autumn fertilizer are the same as those of the spring fertilizer;
the application method comprises the following steps: after autumn tea is picked, deeply applying 40-60 kilograms of base fertilizer per mu in combination with ditching; applying 20-30 kilograms of spring fertilizer per mu one month before picking the spring tea; applying 20-30 kg of autumn fertilizer per mu 1 month before picking the autumn tea.
2. The tea set fertilizer of claim 1, wherein: the base fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 38-43% of decomposed organic material, 25-30% of urea, 12-16% of monoammonium phosphate and 11-16% of potassium sulfate, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%; the spring fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 42-50% of urea, 12-17% of monoammonium phosphate, 20-24% of potassium sulfate, 3-5% of magnesium oxide, 7-9% of humic acid and 5% of attapulgite powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%; the raw material composition of the spring fertilizer is the same as that of the autumn fertilizer.
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| CN109328595A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-02-15 | 四川省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | It is a kind of to subtract secondary tea garden fertilizing method |
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| CN103524212B (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-07-01 | 贵州省茶叶研究所 | Special compound fertilizer for grown tea as well as preparation method and applying method of tea |
| CN105340503A (en) * | 2014-08-24 | 2016-02-24 | 湄潭金塘种养殖专业合作社 | Tea cultivation technology suitable for Guizhou mountain areas |
| CN105669282A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-06-15 | 张秀华 | Method for producing additional fertilizer for tea trees |
| CN104774059B (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2018-02-23 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of Special composite fertilizer for tea and its application process |
| CN105272692A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-27 | 广西洪喜肥业有限公司 | Composite fertilizer for improving quality and output of tea trees, and production method thereof |
| CN106717427A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-05-31 | 重庆市农业科学院 | A kind of fertilizing method in tea place |
| CN106818008A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-06-13 | 重庆市农业科学院 | A kind of fertilizing method for improving tea tree Se content in selenium-rich tea place |
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