CN107766975B - Dispatching work task allocation method considering dispatcher workload - Google Patents

Dispatching work task allocation method considering dispatcher workload Download PDF

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CN107766975B
CN107766975B CN201710942120.7A CN201710942120A CN107766975B CN 107766975 B CN107766975 B CN 107766975B CN 201710942120 A CN201710942120 A CN 201710942120A CN 107766975 B CN107766975 B CN 107766975B
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shift
task
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陈新凌
刘裕昆
邹清林
唐健
张元胜
梁阳豆
莫东
杨有慧
周智成
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Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
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Abstract

A method for preferentially distributing scheduling work tasks considering the workload of a scheduler comprises the following steps: quantifying the work amount of the specific work task, respectively calculating the work amount of each shift of the original plan, and calculating the difference value delta R between the work amount of each shift of the original plan and the work amount of each shift expectedwj，j∈[1，3]. Determination of Δ RwjOne task r with the minimum workload of the work task of the dayminIf | Δ Rwj|≤rminThen maintain the same as the Δ RwjThe work tasks of the corresponding shift are not changed, and only the work tasks of other shifts are adjusted. The absolute value b of the difference between the two shifts to be adjusted is determined, from Δ Rwj>0 shift with the closest workload value
Figure DDA0001430830240000011
To give Δ Rwj<0 shift and culling from the original shift and updating the task sequence. If the balance of three shifts is met, stopping, otherwise, returning to repeat adjustment.

Description

Dispatching work task allocation method considering dispatcher workload
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power engineering, and particularly relates to a dispatching work task allocation method considering the workload of a dispatcher.
Background
Currently, the power grid dispatching operation is mainly implemented in a mode that an on-duty dispatching person of a dispatching mechanism issues a commission operation requirement to a lower-level on-duty dispatching person or an operation on-duty person of a dispatching station directly issues a dispatching operation command, namely an operation order. The scheduling workload comprises scheduled maintenance workload, new equipment starting workload and load balancing workload, and the three types of workload are scheduled work, so that whether the on-duty work arrangement of the next-day dispatcher is reasonable or not can be visually reflected; in addition, the workload of processing grid accidents and equipment defects and the control of the section of the power grid also need to be taken into account when the workload of a dispatcher is calculated. According to the workload, the work tasks are adjusted, the condition that the state of a dispatcher is affected due to excessive operation and overlarge workload which need to be executed by a dispatcher in a certain shift is avoided, the risks of misoperation and operation leakage are reduced, and the purposes of optimizing the workload of the dispatcher and improving the dispatching work efficiency are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a scheduling work task optimal allocation method considering the workload of a scheduler.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for distributing work tasks in a dispatching manner by considering workload of dispatchers comprises the following steps:
step 1: work tasks and their workloads
The daily duty of the dispatcher is divided into three shifts, namely a morning shift, a middle shift and a night shift, wherein the morning shift time interval is 7: 30-15: 00, the middle shift time interval is 15: 00-23: 00, the night shift time interval is 23: 00-7: 30, and the work tasks of the dispatcher comprise the following major classes: planning maintenance tickets, planning the starting of new equipment, balancing load, processing power grid accidents, processing equipment defects and controlling the section of the power grid; the categories also comprise a plurality of specific work tasks, the workload of each specific work task is quantified according to the difficulty degree, the complexity degree and the completion time, each specific work task and the quantified value thereof are shown in tables 1-6, and the scheduling workload corresponding to different operations in table 1 is represented by
Figure GDA0002960131610000011
Figure GDA0002960131610000021
TABLE 2 different Equipment Start-Up plan workloads and durations
Starting device Work load
Line 1.7
Bus connector 1.1
Bus bar 1.1
Main transformer 1.7
TABLE 3 load Balancing workload
Planned load Work load
Plan average load of outsider power purchase plan change more than or equal to 15% 1.5
Out-of-district power purchase plan changes<Mean load of 15% plan 0.2
TABLE 4 workload for different incident treatments
Type of accident Work load
500kV line trip 5
500kV main transformer trip 6
220kV line trip 4
Oscillation 6
Tripping of unit above 300MW 5
Isolated network, weak connection 6
TABLE 5 workload for different defect handling
Type of defect Work load
Broken strand and overhead line defects of line lead 3.5
Abnormality of main transformer 6
Bus PT anomaly 4.6
Switch lock 4.6
Protection, stability abnormal alarm 2.3
Table 6 cross-section control workload
Numerical value of cross section Work load
The section value is in the range of 80% -90% of rated value 0.5
The section value is in the range of 90% -100% of rated value 1.5
Section value exceeding rated value 3
Step 2:
firstly, defining all specific work tasks of the day at the beginning time of the morning shift; then, reading the workload of each specific work task according to the table 1-6 in the step 1; then determining the item r with the minimum workload of the specific work task on the daymin(ii) a Finally, arranging each specific work task to the early shift, the middle shift and the late shift to make an initial plan;
and step 3:
calculating the sum R of the workload of each specific work task in the early shift in the initial planw early，
Calculating the sum R of the workload of each specific work task in the middle class in the initial planw in，
Calculating the sum R of the workload of each specific work task of the night class in the initial planw night；
Calculating the sum R of the workload of all the specific work tasks on the dayw，
Computing
Figure GDA0002960131610000031
Computing
Figure GDA0002960131610000032
Computing
Figure GDA0002960131610000033
When | Δ Rwj|≤rminIf j is satisfied early, middle and late, go directly to step 7,
when | Δ Rwj|≤rminAnd when j is not completely satisfied, jumping to step 4,
and 4, step 4:
when | Δ Rwj|≤rminAnd when j is not satisfied, jumping to step 5,
when | Δ Rwj|≤rminAnd when the three items of j, namely early, middle and late are not satisfied, jumping to the step 6,
and 5:
|ΔRwj|≤rminif j is not satisfied by two terms, i.e., early, middle and late, i.e., one shift satisfies | Δ Rwj|≤rmin，
For satisfying | Δ Rwj|≤rminThe specific work tasks in the shift remain unchanged,
for not satisfying | Δ Rwj|≤rminThe other two shifts are the shifts to be adjusted, the specific task adjustment is carried out on the shifts to be adjusted, and the adjustment method comprises the following steps:
first, the absolute value b of the difference between the two shifts to be adjusted is obtained, and
Figure GDA0002960131610000041
selects a task with the minimum difference between the workload value and b/2, and assigns the task to the task
Figure GDA0002960131610000042
The shift is removed from the original shift, and the task sequence is updatedAnd its workload;
then, according to the updated task sequence and the workload thereof, recalculating and judging whether the two shifts needing to be adjusted meet the | delta R or not respectivelywj|≤rminIf both shifts are satisfied, jumping to step 7, if not, returning to readjust until the above conditions are satisfied;
step 6:
|ΔRwj|≤rminfor j is not satisfied by three items of early, middle and late, two items of j need to be adjusted between three shifts, and the adjusting method comprises the following steps:
first, the absolute value b of the workload difference between the early and middle shifts is calculated, from
Figure GDA0002960131610000043
The task with the smallest difference between the workload value and b/2 is extracted from the shift and assigned to
Figure GDA0002960131610000044
The task sequence and the workload are updated after the shift is removed from the original shift;
then, the absolute value b of the workload difference of the middle and the night shifts is calculated, so as to
Figure GDA0002960131610000045
The task with the smallest difference between the workload value and b/2 is extracted from the shift and assigned to
Figure GDA0002960131610000046
The task sequence and the workload are updated after the shift is removed from the original shift;
thirdly, the absolute value b of the workload difference between the late shift and the early shift is calculated, so as to obtain
Figure GDA0002960131610000051
The task with the smallest difference between the workload value and b/2 is extracted from the shift and assigned to
Figure GDA0002960131610000052
The task sequence and the workload are updated after the shift is removed from the original shift;
and finally, respectively recalculating and judging whether the three shifts meet the | delta R or not according to the updated task sequence and the workload thereofwj|≤rminIf the three shifts are met, jumping to the step 7, otherwise returning to the step 4 to readjust until the conditions are met;
and 7:
outputting the sequence a of the task sequence numbers after the optimized distributioniAnd corresponding workload sequences rwj。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the workload is calculated according to the planned maintenance ticket of the next day, the new equipment starting plan, the load balancing work, the power grid accident processing, the equipment defect processing and the unplanned work of the power grid section control, the execution sequence of the scheduling work tasks is optimized by considering the importance factor of the actual work, the time interval of the execution of the planned maintenance workload is distributed and balanced as far as possible, the dispatcher has higher acceptance and comfort no matter the dispatcher operates in any time interval, the work load of the dispatcher is reduced, the higher work efficiency is obtained, meanwhile, the risk brought to the power grid operation is reduced, and the method has important significance for the safe and economic operation of a power system.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1 optimized allocation of scheduled work tasks for 2017, 9, 27, wednesday.
Step 1:
work tasks and their workloads
The daily duty of the dispatcher is divided into three shifts, namely a morning shift, a middle shift and a night shift, wherein the morning shift time interval is 7: 30-15: 00, the middle shift time interval is 15: 00-23: 00, the night shift time interval is 23: 00-7: 30, and the work tasks of the dispatcher comprise the following major classes: planning maintenance tickets, planning the starting of new equipment, balancing load, processing power grid accidents, processing equipment defects and controlling the section of the power grid; the classes also comprise a plurality of specific work tasks, the workload of each specific work task is quantified according to the difficulty degree, the complexity degree and the completion time, each specific work task and the quantified value thereof are shown in tables 1-6,
the dispatcher performs ticket drawing and checking workloads of scheduled maintenance tickets, and workloads of subsequent order issuing, order resetting of field operators on duty and order receiving of the dispatchers. And marking the workload of different operations according to the on-duty experience of the dispatcher. The 220kV line is now taken as an example for explanation: in general, a 220kV line primary device has more normal power failure and power transmission operations, so that the workload corresponding to the initial ticket drawing and ticket checking is 1, and the workload of issuing and returning is 0.15 by using the primary device as a reference workload. The specific workload and duration of the different scheduled jobs are shown in Table 1, Table 1
TABLE 1 scheduling workload for different operations
Figure GDA0002960131610000061
According to the regulations, the new equipment starting plan can be executed after passing the relevant audit, the ticket planning is not needed, but the dispatcher is still needed to carry out the audit and wait for the order issuing and the order returning. The workload for the different device starts is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 different Equipment Start-Up plan workloads and durations
Starting device Work load
Line 1.7
Bus connector 1.1
Bus bar 1.1
Main transformer 1.7
TABLE 3 load Balancing workload
Planned load Work load
Plan average load of outsider power purchase plan change more than or equal to 15% 1.5
Out-of-district power purchase plan changes<Mean load of 15% plan 0.2
In the actual scheduling duty process, due to factors such as weather factors, external construction of a non-power system, reduction of operating conditions of power equipment and the like, equipment defects may need to be isolated and processed, even power grid accidents such as equipment fault tripping and the like directly occur, and the workload for processing different accidents is shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 workload for different incident treatments
Type of accident Work load
500kV line trip 5
500kV main transformer trip 6
220kV line trip 4
Oscillation 6
Tripping of unit above 300MW 5
Isolated network, weak connection 6
When the primary and secondary equipment of the power grid has defects, the on-duty dispatcher isolates the defects of the primary and secondary equipment according to the defect abnormality warning information and the on-site on-duty dispatcher inspection report condition, so that the power grid expansion accidents are avoided, and the workload for treating different defects is shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 workload for different defect handling
Type of defect Work load
Broken strand and overhead line defects of line lead 3.5
Abnormality of main transformer 6
Bus PT anomaly 4.6
Switch lock 4.6
Protection, stability abnormal alarm 2.3
In the actual duty process, due to the reasons of temperature change, large industrial load increase and the like, the load peaks of early peaks and late peaks can cause the situation that the section of the power grid reaches the pre-control numerical value of more than 80%, at the moment, a dispatcher needs to take measures in time to control the combined section of the power grid not to exceed the rated value, so that the overload shutdown of other equipment caused by equipment tripping is avoided, the cascading failure is caused, even a large-area power failure accident is avoided, and the section control workload is shown in table 6.
Table 6 cross-section control workload
Figure GDA0002960131610000071
Figure GDA0002960131610000081
Step 2: first, at 27 am 7:30 (i.e., the time of the morning shift start) of 9 months, the work task of this day is specified and the total amount of work of this day and r are calculatedmin。
Task sequence number Task content Work load
1 500kV line operation 2.8
2 220kV line commissioning 0.65
3 220kV bus tie and section switch operation 0.6
4 220kV bus operation 2.2
5 Bus-tie start 1.1
6 Main transformer starting 1.7
7 220kV line trip accident handling 4
8 Main transformer exception defect handling 6
9 Switch latch-up defect handling 4.6
10 Out-of-district power purchase plan changes<Mean load of 15% plan 0.2
11 500kV line operation 2.8
12 Bypass, alternate path operation 1.7
13 Isolated network and weak connection accident handling 6
14 The section value is 80% of rated valueRange of-90% 0.5
15 220kV bus operation 2.2
Wherein, the serial numbers 1-6 are the initial planning early shift task, 7-10 are the initial planning middle shift task, 11-15 are the initial planning late shift task, rmin＝0.2。
And step 3:
calculation of Rw early＝9.05，
Calculation of Rw in＝14.8，
Calculation of Rw night＝13.2，
Calculation of Rw＝37.05，
Computing
Figure GDA0002960131610000082
Computing
Figure GDA0002960131610000091
Computing
Figure GDA0002960131610000092
|ΔRwj|≤rminIf j is not completely satisfied early, middle or late, go to step 4.
And 4, step 4:
|ΔRwj|≤rminif j is not satisfied with three terms early, medium and late, the process jumps to step 6.
Step 6:
first, the absolute value b of the workload difference between the early shift and the middle shift is calculated to be 5.75, and the calculation result is
Figure GDA0002960131610000093
The task 7, which is the task with the smallest difference between the workload value and b/2-2.875, is assigned to the middle shift
Figure GDA0002960131610000094
The early shift is removed from the original shift, and then the task sequence and the workload are updated;
then, the absolute value b of the workload difference of the middle and late shifts is calculated to be 2.4, and the work load difference is calculated
Figure GDA0002960131610000095
The task 12, which is the task with the smallest difference between the workload value and b/2-1.2, is extracted from the night shift and assigned to the task
Figure GDA0002960131610000096
The middle shift is removed from the original shift, and then the task sequence and the workload are updated;
again, the absolute value of the workload difference between the late and early shifts, b, was calculated to be 1.55, from
Figure GDA0002960131610000097
The early shift of (2) extracts a task with the smallest difference between the workload value and b/2-0.775, namely task 2, and assigns the task to the early shift
Figure GDA0002960131610000098
The night shift is removed from the original shift, and then the task sequence and the workload are updated;
and finally, respectively recalculating and judging whether the three shifts meet the | delta R or not according to the updated task sequence and the workload thereofwj|≤rmin，
Figure GDA0002960131610000099
Figure GDA00029601316100000910
Figure GDA00029601316100000911
All three classes satisfy | Δ Rwj|≤rminThen jump to step 7.
And 7:
outputting the sequence a of the task sequence numbers after the optimized distributioniCorresponding workload sequence rwjAnd Rwj。
The optimized early shift task comprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0002960131610000101
the optimized middle duty task comprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0002960131610000102
the optimized night shift task comprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0002960131610000103
the optimization problem of the scheduled maintenance ticket is optimized and distributed through the execution of the scheduled maintenance ticket, so that the requirement that the workload of three dispatchers per shift is balanced as much as possible is met. The upper limit of the working time of the working task to be processed is set as one day.
The specific process of the optimal allocation of the work tasks of the dispatcher is described as follows:
example 2: and optimally distributing the scheduling work tasks of 9, 28 and 2017.
In the present example, the early shift is indicated by the subscript 1, the middle shift by the subscript 2, and the late shift by the subscript 3.
First, at 28 am 7:30 (i.e., the time when the morning shift starts) in 2017, 9 and 28, the workload is calculated according to the work task of the day. The work tasks and workload of the day are as follows:
Figure GDA0002960131610000104
Figure GDA0002960131610000111
wherein, the serial numbers 1-6 are originally planned early shift tasks, 7-10 are originally planned middle shift tasks, 11-15 are originally planned late shift tasks, wherein no matching list or preposition list is provided, and each task is not performed with other tasks at the same time.
(1) Respectively calculating the workload R of each shift of the original planwj(j∈[1，3]) To obtain:
night class
It can be seen that the total daily workload is 35.95. To balance the three shifts of work, the optimal post-allocation work-load per shift should be approximately 11.983. (2) Inputting the task sequence number a of each shiftiAnd corresponding workload sequences rwj。
Figure GDA0002960131610000112
Figure GDA0002960131610000113
Figure GDA0002960131610000114
(3) Calculating the difference value delta R between the originally planned workload of each shift and the expected workload of each shift after optimized distributionwj，j∈[1，3]。
Figure GDA0002960131610000115
(4) Dividing each task workload by rwiTo express, i.e. to determine Δ RwjOne task r with the minimum workload of the work task of the dayminIf | Δ Rwj|≤rminThen maintain the same as the Δ RwjThe work tasks of the corresponding shift are not changed, and only the work tasks of other shifts are adjusted.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: for night class,. DELTA.Rw3＝0.117<The minimum value of the workload of the work task in the day is 0.2, which shows that the workload is within a reasonable range and does not need to be adjusted. The work tasks of the early shift and the middle shift need to be adjusted.
(5) For the number of shifts to be adjusted, the absolute value b of the workload difference between the two shifts is obtained, and the value is determined from the value delta Rwj>0 shift with the closest workload value
Figure GDA0002960131610000121
To give Δ Rwj<0 shift is eliminated from the original shift, and the task sequence and r are updatedwiThe value of (c).
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the absolute value b of the difference between the work load of the early shift and the work load of the middle shift is 5.75, and the work load of the middle shift is closest to
Figure GDA0002960131610000122
Task 7 (workload 4) is removed from the middle shift and assigned to the early shift.
(6) And (5) judging, stopping if the balance of three shifts is met, and otherwise, returning to the step (5) for repeated adjustment.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: at this time
Figure GDA0002960131610000123
And continuing to adjust. At this time, the absolute value b of the difference between the work load of the morning shift and the work load of the middle shift is 2.25, and the work load of the morning shift is closest to the work load of the middle shift
Figure GDA0002960131610000124
Task 5 (workload 1.1) was removed from the early shift and given to the middle shift. At this time, the process of the present invention,
Figure GDA0002960131610000125
Figure GDA0002960131610000126
all of DeltaRwj|≤rmin0.2, the termination condition is satisfied.
(7) Outputting the sequence a of the task sequence numbers after the optimized distributioniAnd corresponding workload sequences rwj。
Figure GDA0002960131610000127
Figure GDA0002960131610000128
Figure GDA0002960131610000129

Claims (1)

1. A method for distributing work tasks to be scheduled in consideration of workload of a scheduler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: work tasks and their workloads
The daily duty of the dispatcher is divided into three shifts, namely a morning shift, a middle shift and a night shift, wherein the morning shift time interval is 7: 30-15: 00, the middle shift time interval is 15: 00-23: 00, the night shift time interval is 23: 00-7: 30, and the work tasks of the dispatcher comprise the following major classes: planning maintenance tickets, planning the starting of new equipment, balancing load, processing power grid accidents, processing equipment defects and controlling the section of the power grid; the classes also comprise a plurality of specific work tasks, the workload of each specific work task is quantified according to the difficulty degree, the complexity degree and the completion time, each specific work task and the quantified value thereof are shown in tables 1-6,
TABLE 1 scheduling workload for different operations
Figure FDA0002960131600000011
TABLE 2 different Equipment Start-Up plan workloads and durations
Starting device Work load Line 1.7 Bus connector 1.1 Bus bar 1.1 Main transformer 1.7
TABLE 3 load Balancing workload
Planned load Work load Plan average load of outsider power purchase plan change more than or equal to 15% 1.5 Out-of-district power purchase plan changes<Mean load of 15% plan 0.2
TABLE 4 workload for different incident treatments
Type of accident Work load 500kV line trip 5 500kV main transformer trip 6 220kV line trip 4 Oscillation 6 Tripping of unit above 300MW 5 Isolated network, weak connection 6
TABLE 5 workload for different defect handling
Type of defect Work load Broken strand and overhead line defects of line lead 3.5 Abnormality of main transformer 6 Bus PT anomaly 4.6 Switch lock 4.6 Protection, stability abnormal alarm 2.3
Table 6 cross-section control workload
Numerical value of cross section Work load The section value is in the range of 80% -90% of rated value 0.5 The section value is in the range of 90% -100% of rated value 1.5 Section value exceeding rated value 3
Step 2:
firstly, defining all specific work tasks of the day at the beginning time of the morning shift; then, reading the workload of each specific work task according to the table 1-6 in the step 1; then determining the item r with the minimum workload of the specific work task on the daymin(ii) a Finally, arranging each specific work task to the early shift, the middle shift and the late shift to make an initial plan;
and step 3:
calculating the sum R of the workload of each specific work task in the early shift in the initial planw early，
Calculating the sum R of the workload of each specific work task in the middle class in the initial planw in，
Calculating the sum R of the workload of each specific work task of the night class in the initial planw night；
Calculating the sum R of the workload of all the specific work tasks on the dayw，
Computing
Figure FDA0002960131600000031
Computing
Figure FDA0002960131600000032
Computing
Figure FDA0002960131600000033
When | Δ Rwj|≤rminIf j is satisfied early, middle and late, go directly to step 7,
when | Δ Rwj|≤rminAnd when j is not completely satisfied, jumping to step 4,
and 4, step 4:
when | Δ Rwj|≤rminAnd when j is not satisfied, jumping to step 5,
when | Δ Rwj|≤rminAnd when the three items of j, namely early, middle and late are not satisfied, jumping to the step 6,
and 5:
|ΔRwj|≤rminif j is not satisfied by two terms, i.e., early, middle and late, i.e., one shift satisfies | Δ Rwj|≤rmin，
For satisfying | Δ Rwj|≤rminThe specific work tasks in the shift remain unchanged,
for not satisfying | Δ Rwj|≤rminThe other two shifts are the shifts to be adjusted, the specific task adjustment is carried out on the shifts to be adjusted, and the adjustment method comprises the following steps:
first, the absolute value b of the difference between the two shifts to be adjusted is obtained, and
Figure FDA0002960131600000034
selects a task with the minimum difference between the workload value and b/2, and assigns the task to the task
Figure FDA0002960131600000035
The shift is removed from the original shift, and the task sequence and the sequence are updatedWorkload;
then, according to the updated task sequence and the workload thereof, recalculating and judging whether the two shifts needing to be adjusted meet the | delta R or not respectivelywj|≤rminIf both shifts are satisfied, jumping to step 7, if not, returning to readjust until the above conditions are satisfied;
step 6:
|ΔRwj|≤rminfor j is not satisfied by three items of early, middle and late, two items of j need to be adjusted between three shifts, and the adjusting method comprises the following steps:
first, the absolute value b of the workload difference between the early and middle shifts is calculated, from
Figure FDA0002960131600000041
The task with the smallest difference between the workload value and b/2 is extracted from the shift and assigned to
Figure FDA0002960131600000042
The task sequence and the workload are updated after the shift is removed from the original shift;
then, the absolute value b of the workload difference of the middle and the night shifts is calculated, so as to
Figure FDA0002960131600000043
The task with the smallest difference between the workload value and b/2 is extracted from the shift and assigned to
Figure FDA0002960131600000044
The task sequence and the workload are updated after the shift is removed from the original shift;
thirdly, the absolute value b of the workload difference between the late shift and the early shift is calculated, so as to obtain
Figure FDA0002960131600000045
The task with the smallest difference between the workload value and b/2 is extracted from the shift and assigned to
Figure FDA0002960131600000046
The task sequence and the workload are updated after the shift is removed from the original shift;
and finally, respectively recalculating and judging whether the three shifts meet the | delta R or not according to the updated task sequence and the workload thereofwj|≤rminIf the three shifts are met, jumping to the step 7, otherwise returning to the step 4 to readjust until the conditions are met;
and 7:
and outputting the sequence of the task sequence numbers after the optimized distribution and the corresponding workload sequence.
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