CN107744076A - Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN107744076A
CN107744076A CN201711175202.XA CN201711175202A CN107744076A CN 107744076 A CN107744076 A CN 107744076A CN 201711175202 A CN201711175202 A CN 201711175202A CN 107744076 A CN107744076 A CN 107744076A
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陈琼燕
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
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    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

A kind of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Bagasse sugarcane marrow 100~200, fruit discarded object 30~50, Pomacea canaliculata 20~30, calcium superphosphate 10~20, shrimp shell 10~20, calcium carbonate 10~20, sea salt 10~20, molasses 10~20, earthworm powder 8~10, complex enzyme 8~10, additive 6~8, compound amino acid 4~6, trace element 1~3.The Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed compatibility of the present invention is superior, fermented using complex enzyme, not only containing nutritional ingredients such as abundant celluloses and carbohydrate, mineral matter, vitamin, trace element, the immunity of Eriocheir sinensis can be improved, feed cost is effectively reduced and improves Eriocheir sinensis delicious meat degree.

Description

Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fodder, and in particular to a kind of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Eriocheir sinensis is a kind of economic crab, also known as river crab, eriocheir sinensis, clear water crab, steamed crab.China has long enjoyed a good reputation Cuisines.Its foot of a chela is used for feeding and against the enemy, the dense fine hair of outer rim in metacarpus, therefore Eriocheir is gained the name.Omnivore, fish, Shrimp, spiral shell, freshwater mussel, worm, earthworm, insect and its larva etc. can be as the animal baits of steamed crab.
Contain more vitamin A in crab, it is helpful to the angling of skin；To the rickets of children, the sclerotin of the elderly It is loose also to play a part of supplement calcium.The coastal various regions lake in north and south is distributed widely within Chinese territory, wherein with ChangJiang River Yield is maximum, and mouthfeel is extremely delicious.Wherein again, the hat that is always referred to as in crab the most famous with Lake Gucheng steamed crab, be China The State Administration for Industry and Commerce regards as Famous Chinese Brand, and other are more famous Taihu Lake steamed crab, Yangcheng Lake steamed crab, long to swing lake big Lock crab etc..
Eriocheir sinensis typically grew to for 2 ages in rivers and lakes, from late September（Before and after the Autumnal Equinox）Shell is that green crab plays sexual gland Start rapid development, female crab reproductive index sharply increases to 10 to 15% or so by 0.36% before shell in 30 to 40 days.Into 10 months The last ten-days period（Cold Dew, time in the Frost's Descent）, most of sexual gland developed into fourth stage, leaves rivers then, lake is given birth to river mouth shallow sea Grow migration.Early November（The Beginning of Winter）The brackish water domain of river mouth shallow sea intersection is clustered in afterwards, starts mating breeding.Flowed in the Changjiang river Domain, the salinity in Eriocheir sinensis breeding area is 18-26/1000, and water temperature is 5 to 10 DEG C, and the time is in March in December then to next year. Hero crab vises female crab step with the foot of a chela during mating, and the end of phallus is aligned into female hole, and seminal fluid is inputted to the receptaculum seminis of female crab It is interior.Whole mating process lasts several minutes to 1 hours.Female crab typically lays eggs in 7 to 16 hours in post-coitum.Embryonated egg is attached to On the bristle of female crab abdominal appendage.In the case of 10 to 17 DEG C of water temperature, embryonated egg hatched zoea larva after 30 to 60 days.
With the continuous social and economic development, people are increasing to the demand of Eriocheir sinensis.Eriocheir sinensis one To using fish bivalves and corn grain class as main food source, there is feed cost it is higher the defects of.As livestock and poultry, aquatic products are supported Grow that the development of industry is swift and violent, cause the nervous and short of feedstuff resource needed for raising, particularly protein resource is more tight .Wherein there is lack of raw materials as the first restriction factor of China's feed industrial development for protein feeds, because high-quality fish meal produces The problems such as amount declines, rabid ox disease is carried out in meat meal tankage contaminated zone causes the in short supply of animal protein feed.Develop it is a kind of it is high-quality in Magnificent Eriocheir feed turns into the task of top priority.
The content of the invention
To solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of pollution-free, high yield, has natural antimicrobial substance Animal protein Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed, not only containing abundant cellulose and carbohydrate, mineral matter, vitamin, micro member The nutritional ingredients such as element, it is possible to increase the immunity of Eriocheir sinensis, effectively reduce feed cost and improve Eriocheir sinensia crab meat Matter delicious degree.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Bagasse sugarcane marrow 100~200, fruit discarded object 30~50, Pomacea canaliculata 20~30, calcium superphosphate 10~20, shrimp shell 10~20, calcium carbonate 10~20, sea salt 10~20, molasses 10 ~20, earthworm powder 8~10, complex enzyme 8~10, additive 6~8, compound amino acid 4~6, trace element 1~3.
Complex enzyme includes the component of following parts by weight：Cellulase 3-5, trypsase 8-10, pectase 6-8, β-Portugal Dextranase 10-15；Each component is mixed at 35~45 DEG C and places 40-50 minutes and can obtain the complex enzyme.
Fruit discarded object be various low-grade fruits, inferior shedding, after Fruit quality in remaining pericarp, fruit bits or core one Kind or a variety of mixtures.
Pomacea canaliculata, Ampullariidae bottle spiral shell category mollusk, outward appearance is extremely similar to river snail, and individual is big, feeding habits are wide, adaptability By force, growth and breeding is fast, yield is high.The meat and shell of Pomacea canaliculata, it is good protein and calcareous source, according to analysis：Fresh good fortune Longevity spiral shell spiral shell meat, it is up to 15.4% containing protein, equally matched with fish, meat, higher than eggs.Dry powder is such as made, its protein Content may be up to 60%, be compared favourably with the peru fish meal that the world proclaims oneself king.Pomacea canaliculata is not only high containing protein, not only can effectively mend The protein needed for Eriocheir sinensis growth is filled, and feed cost can be reduced.
Earthworm powder is a kind of organic pulvis rich in high protein, amino acid, hormone and growth inducing element.In livestock and poultry cultivation It is used as feed addictive in industry, can not only improves the production performance of livestock and poultry, improves the quality of animal products, but also can carry The immunocompetence of high livestock and poultry, a variety of livestock and poultries can also be treated also with earthworm powder.The protein content of earthworm powder is very It is abundant, protein content average out to 54.60%, reach as high as 71.0%.Although slightly below peru fish meal, higher than yeast for animal feeds and Soya-bean cake, it is 6 times of corn.The protein content of earthworm powder is suitable with imported fish meal, higher than domestic fish meal.After adding earthworm powder, move The carnification of thing obtains delicious.Although gal4 amino acid composition necessary to animal development due to the kind of earthworm and the place of production not Together, its species and content difference, but very abundant.Arginine, tryptophan, lysine, methionine contained by earthworm powder It is more complete with the animal essential amino acid species such as cystine.The composition of various essential amino acids is better than soya-bean cake and jade with content Rice is suitable close to fish meal, and yeast for animal feeds.Contain abundant lipid, including saturated fatty acid in earthworm powder（Palmitic acid, 15 Alkanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, Heptadecanoic acide, octadecanoid acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, butanedioic acid and esters etc.）, unrighted acid（Oil Acid, linoleic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, arachidonic acid, γ-linoleic acid etc.）And sterols（Wherein cholesterol level highest）, this Outside also containing ergostadiene acid -7,22- alcohol -3a and ergot alkene -5- alcohol -3a.Its unsaturated fatty acid content is high, saturated fat Acid content is very low.Also containing abundant vitamin A, vitamin B complex, vitamin E and various trace elements, hormone, enzyme and sugar Class material.
Calcium carbonate is to insert calcium carbonate rubble in disintegrating machine to be crushed；Calcium carbonate water after crushing is rinsed and ground It is milled to 60~100 mesh.Appropriate addition calcium carbonate can promote digestion, absorption and metabolism of the Eriocheir sinensis to calcium and phosphorus. Appropriate addition calcium superphosphate can supplement water body P elements and calcium constituent, beneficial to Eriocheir sinensis shell.
The weight proportion of additive composition includes following raw material：10~15 grams of manna oligosacchride, 25~30 grams of soybean lecithin, sea 8~10 grams of mosanom, 1~3 gram of saccharicter-penin, 6~8 grams of Semen Cuscutae, 6~8 grams of radix glycyrrhizae, 0.5~1.5 gram of Tea Polyphenols, carrot 6~8 Gram；Its preparation method is：By above-mentioned raw materials plus 6~8 times of weight waters it is well mixed after heat, heating-up temperature is 100 DEG C, during heating Between be 10~15 minutes, after cooling by filtering, filtrate concentration after obtain the additive.
Manna oligosacchride is also known as mannan-oligosaccharides, is a kind of novel antigens active matter extracted from Yeast Cultivation cell membrane Matter, it is widely present in konjaku flour, melon bean gum, sesbania gum and multiple-microorganism cell membrane.Because it not only has low-heat, steady The good physicochemical property such as fixed, safe and non-toxic, also there is protection enteron aisle and improve the effect such as immunity, foreign countries are as feeding Feed additives are widely used in feed industry.
Soybean lecithin is the product extracted from the oil foot of production soybean oil, is by glycerine, aliphatic acid, choline or cholamine institute The ester of composition, grease and non-polar solven can be dissolved in.The constituent of soybean lecithin is complicated, mainly contains lecithin（About 34.2%）, cephalin（About 19.7%）, lipositol（About 16.0%）, phosphatidyl serine（About 15.8%）, phosphatidic acid（About 3.6%） And other phosphatide（About 10.7%）.Thick liquid or the white solid powder to light brown for shallow yellow to brown.Numerous studies table Bright, the diet containing a large amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids can reduce the thickness of livestock and poultry subcutaneous fat.Containing substantial amounts of in soybean lecithin The polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid, leukotrienes, it can not only promote the eubolism of fat, it is unnecessary to decompose, digest and absorb Cholesterol；In addition, soybean lecithin by adjusting cell membrane function, changes the mobility of cell membrane, permeability, function of receptors, film The activity and macrophage of desmoenzyme and lymphocyte function etc. and influence the activity of animal immune cell.In soybean lecithin Leukotrienes can effectively adjust the generation of arachidonic acid, leukotrienes and prostaglandin, accelerate antibody tormation and reduce inflammation Reaction, reduce the accumulation of ketoboidies in liver.Therefore, soybean lecithin can strengthen body immunity, improve the resistance against diseases of livestock and poultry And survival rate.
Sodium alginate is that the accessory substance after iodine and mannitol is extracted from the sea-tangle or sargassum of brown algae, its molecule by Beta-D-mannuronic acid（β-D-mannuronic, M）With α-L- guluronic acids（α-L-guluronic, G）Press（1→4）Key connects Connect and form, be a kind of natural polysaccharide, there is stability, dissolubility, viscosity and security needed for pharmaceutical preparation auxiliary material.Alginic acid Sodium is widely applied in food industry and field of medicaments.
Saccharicter-penin (Saccharicter-penin) is by carbohydrate（≥30%）, glycocide（≥30%）With organic acid composition Natural bioactivity substance.It is the mixture of the triterpene saponin and carbohydrate extracted from Camellia Plants seed grouts, is one Kind brown color, ashless fine shape crystallization.It has to animal improves immune, anti-disease, resisting stress, anti-oxidant, raising animal life Performance is produced, improves the effect such as animal product, and plays the role of to eliminate heavy metal to animal body harm.Safe to use, nontoxic pair Effect, inorganization remain, without the resistance to the action of a drug.Containing for the heavy metal such as heavy metal cadmium, lead, arsenic in animal muscle and liver can substantially be removed Amount, improve the content of threonine in intramuscular fat and muscle.
Semen Cuscutae（Classification systemCuscuta chinensis）, also known as SEMEN CUSCUTAE, Tu silks it is real, without ma rattan, dodder laurel, Tu Rattan, Tu threads, wild fox silk, beans parasitism, herba fibraureae recisae, trailing plants silk etc., are annual parasitic herbaceous plant.Plant is very luxuriant, and stem twines Around yellow is very thin, diameter about 1.5mm, multi-branched, can bear parasitic root everywhere, stretch into pin main body.Leaf is rare, flakey, Triangular shape is avette, flower both sexes.Plant is harvested during autumn fruit maturation, is dried, lays seed, removes impurity.Nature and flavor：It is sweet, temperature.Return Through：Return liver, kidney, the spleen channel.Major function：Nourishing liver and kidney, astringent sperm contracting urine is antiabortive, improving eyesight, antidiarrheal.For impotence and seminal emission, urine is had a surplus Drip, enuresis frequent micturition, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, blurred vision tinnitus, vaginal bleeding due to deficiency of the kidney during pregnancy, fetal irritability, spleen kidney deficiency are rushed down；Externally treating leucoderma.It is added to dynamic In the feed of thing, Immune Function In Animals and anti-stress ability can be effectively improved, body metabolism is adjusted, promotes nutriment Digest and assimilate, there is certain fattening effect.
Radix glycyrrhizae（Radix Glycyrrhizae）, the dry root and root of glycyrrhizic legume, swollen fruit Radix or glycyrrhiza glabra Stem, radix glycyrrhizae contain a variety of chemical compositions, and main component has glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin etc..The chemical composition of radix glycyrrhizae is extremely complex, at present Untill the compound isolated from radix glycyrrhizae have glycyrrhizin, enoxolone, liquiritin, isoliquiritin, neoliquriitin, strange sweet The number such as careless glucoside, glycyrrhizin, isoliquiritigenin and licoricidin, glycyrol, isoglycyrol, 7- methylcoumarins essence, umbelliferone Ten kinds of compounds.Substantial amounts of research shows that glycyrrhizin and Flavonoid substances are most important physiological activators in radix glycyrrhizae, main The part being present within radix glycyrrhizae epiblem.Radix glycyrrhizae is to some drugses poisoning, in vivo food poisoning, heavy metal poisoning, metabolism Product poisoning has certain detoxification ability.The effective ingredient of detoxication is glycyrrhizin, and detoxication mechanisms are glycyrrhizin pair Poisonous substance has suction-operated, and glycyrrhizin hydrolysate glucuronic acid can be combined with poisonous substance, and glycyrrhizin is known as adrenal gland skin Matter hormone-like effect, strengthen the result of detoxification ability of liver etc. combined factors effect.
Tea Polyphenols（Tea Polyphenols）It is the general name of Polyphenols of Tea, including flavanol compound, anthocyanin Class, flavonoids, flavonols and phenolic acid class etc..Predominantly flavanols（Catechin）Class, catechin account for 60 ~ 80%.Class material tea is more Phenol is also known as tea tan or tea tannin, is one of Main Ingredients and Appearance to form tealeaves color, smell and taste, and have the main of healthcare function in tealeaves One of composition.Research shows, the removing toxic substances of Tea Polyphenols isoreactivity material tool and radiation resistance, effectively radioactive substance can be prevented to invade Enter marrow, and strontium 90 and Co 60 can be made to excrete rapidly, be described as " radiation jinx " by health and medical field.
Carrot（Scientific name：Daucus carota L. var. sativa Hoffm.）, also known as carrot or sweet Xun, for open country Carrot（Scientific name：Daucus carota L. var. carota）Mutation, this mutation and former mutation difference is root meat, Conico-acuminate, thick fertilizer take on a red color or yellow.Carrot is effective row's mercury food.The a large amount of pectin contained can be combined with mercury, The concentration of mercury ion in blood is effectively reduced, accelerates its discharge.Some carrots are fed daily, can be with the blood of stimulating gastrointestinal Circulation, improves digestive system, and resistance causes disease, the free radical of aging.
Trace element is iron, copper, zinc, potassium, manganese and magnesium；Iron, copper, zinc, potassium, the mass ratio of manganese and magnesium are 1~1.5:1~ 1.5:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.6~0.8.
Compound amino acid is to use poultry feather, animal skin and rice residue as raw material, crushes, adds water to be beaten, first adjust pH To 7.5 ~ 8.0, amylase and lipase are added, temperature is maintained at 45~55 DEG C, digests 16 hours, obtains hydrolyzate, powder after drying It is broken to produce compound amino acid；It is 1 to add amylase and lipase ratio:1, addition percentage by weight is 1 %~3%.
Described Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed, its preparation method comprise the following steps：
（1）Bagasse and fruit discarded object are dried through tower drier, and water content is 8%~10% after drying；
（2）By the cooked rear drying and crushing of Pomacea canaliculata, Pomacea canaliculata, earthworm powder and shrimp shell is taken to add 4~6 times of weight according to parts by weight Water simultaneously carries out mixing quenched, obtained fermentation material wet basis；
（3）Sea salt and molasses are taken to heat 10~20 minutes according to parts by weight, heating-up temperature is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C, is added after cooling It is well mixed into fermentation material wet basis；
（4）In step（3）Calcium superphosphate, calcium carbonate, complex enzyme, addition are added in parts by weight in obtained fermentation material wet basis Agent, compound amino acid and trace element, it is placed in fermenting cellar at 15~55 DEG C and is fermented after well mixed, fermentation time For 15~20 days；
（5）By step（4）Gains after fermenting enzyme solution terminates are dried, and are put into after being sufficiently mixed swollen in ring mode bulking machine Change, control the temperature of bulking machine between 65 DEG C~75 DEG C, puffing time is 1~2 hour, is by the aridity of bulking meterial 85%~95%；
（5）Material after will be expanded, which is transferred in ring mode grit machine, is produced into precipitation hard particles feed, and with 160 meshes Sieving, every weight is 2 grams, and is packed by required weight and obtain the Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed.
Fermenting cellar is fermented using fermentation vat, tank or Plastic Drum, sealing covered rearing with plastic film, while uses rubber band In a down-to-earth manner.
The moisture of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed is adjusted to the 20%-25% of final finished.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed compatibility of the invention is superior, is fermented using complex enzyme, not only containing abundant cellulose And the nutritional ingredient such as carbohydrate, mineral matter, vitamin, trace element, it is possible to increase the immunity of Eriocheir sinensis, effectively reduce Feed cost and raising Eriocheir sinensis delicious meat degree；
2nd, the present invention is green, can significantly reduce feeding cost, have the great market development and application prospect；
3rd, product of the present invention optimizes feed for Eriocheir sinensis to the nutrient demand species of feed and the otherness of demand Formula, effectively reduces unnecessary feed waste, reduces the input of the feed such as traditional fish and corn, greatly reduce feeding Material cost is so as to improve the income of crab farming, while the Eriocheir sinensis head of cultivation out is big, Fresh ＆ Tender in Texture；
4th, present invention addition in feed particular for the formula of Eriocheir sinensis complex enzyme, can be interacted and adjusted, can be with During the deficiency of supplement endogenous enzyme activity, drastically increases albumen conversion ratio, while these enzymes and beneficial microbe can also be adjusted Magnificent Eriocheir digestive system, strengthens the absorption to feed nutrition；
5th, feed addictive of the invention produces the rule of toxic action according to heavy metal in Eriocheir sinensis body, can wide spectrum absorption Lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, nickel, tin and antimony, adsorption capacity is strong, is not influenceed by pH in Eriocheir sinensis body, can be in extensive pH scopes Lower effect, the noresidue in Eriocheir sinensis body, using murder by poisoning shadow of the heavy metal to Eriocheir sinensis can be eliminated after the additive Ring, improve the quality, feed efficiency and immunity function of Eriocheir sinensis, it is residual in following process product to reduce heavy metal Stay；
6th, the present invention can improve feed intake with Eriocheir sinensis, improve food conversion for the additive of Eriocheir sinensis design Efficiency, can adjust immunologic function, strengthen resistance against diseases, reduce diarrhea rate, it is possible to reduce the use of antibiotic, reduce feed into Sheet and aquaculture cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Bagasse sugarcane marrow 100, fruit discarded object 30, good fortune It is longevity spiral shell 20, calcium superphosphate 10, shrimp shell 10, calcium carbonate 10, sea salt 10, molasses 10, earthworm powder 8, complex enzyme 8, additive 6, compound Amino acid 4, trace element 1.
Complex enzyme includes the component of following parts by weight：Cellulase 3, trypsase 8, pectase 6,1,4 beta-glucanase 10；Each component is mixed at 35~45 DEG C and places 40-50 minutes and can obtain the complex enzyme.
Fruit discarded object be various low-grade fruits, inferior shedding, after Fruit quality in remaining pericarp, fruit bits or core one Kind or a variety of mixtures.
The weight proportion of additive composition includes following raw material：10 grams of manna oligosacchride, 25 grams of soybean lecithin, sodium alginate 8 Gram, 1 gram of saccharicter-penin, 6 grams of Semen Cuscutae, 6 grams of radix glycyrrhizae, 0.5 gram of Tea Polyphenols, 6 grams of carrot；Its preparation method is：By above-mentioned raw materials plus Heated after 6~8 times of weight waters are well mixed, heating-up temperature is 100 DEG C, and the heat time is 10~15 minutes, by mistake after cooling Filter, the additive is obtained after filtrate concentration.
Trace element is iron, copper, zinc, potassium, manganese and magnesium；Iron, copper, zinc, potassium, the mass ratio of manganese and magnesium are 1~1.5:1~ 1.5:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.6~0.8.
Compound amino acid is to use poultry feather, animal skin and rice residue as raw material, crushes, adds water to be beaten, first adjust pH To 7.5 ~ 8.0, amylase and lipase are added, temperature is maintained at 45~55 DEG C, digests 16 hours, obtains hydrolyzate, powder after drying It is broken to produce compound amino acid；It is 1 to add amylase and lipase ratio:1, addition percentage by weight is 1 %~3%.
Described Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed, its preparation method comprise the following steps：
（1）Bagasse and fruit discarded object are dried through tower drier, and water content is 8%~10% after drying；
（2）By the cooked rear drying and crushing of Pomacea canaliculata, Pomacea canaliculata, earthworm powder and shrimp shell is taken to add 4~6 times of weight according to parts by weight Water simultaneously carries out mixing quenched, obtained fermentation material wet basis；
（3）Sea salt and molasses are taken to heat 10~20 minutes according to parts by weight, heating-up temperature is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C, is added after cooling It is well mixed into fermentation material wet basis；
（4）In step（3）Calcium superphosphate, calcium carbonate, complex enzyme, addition are added in parts by weight in obtained fermentation material wet basis Agent, compound amino acid and trace element, it is placed in fermenting cellar at 15~55 DEG C and is fermented after well mixed, fermentation time For 15~20 days；
（5）By step（4）Gains after fermenting enzyme solution terminates are dried, and are put into after being sufficiently mixed swollen in ring mode bulking machine Change, control the temperature of bulking machine between 65 DEG C~75 DEG C, puffing time is 1~2 hour, is by the aridity of bulking meterial 85%~95%；
（5）Material after will be expanded, which is transferred in ring mode grit machine, is produced into precipitation hard particles feed, and with 160 meshes Sieving, every weight is 2 grams, and is packed by required weight and obtain the Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed.
Fermenting cellar is fermented using fermentation vat, tank or Plastic Drum, sealing covered rearing with plastic film, while uses rubber band In a down-to-earth manner.
The moisture of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed is adjusted to the 20%-25% of final finished.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Bagasse sugarcane marrow 100~200, fruit discarded object 40th, Pomacea canaliculata 25, calcium superphosphate 15, shrimp shell 15, calcium carbonate 15, sea salt 15, molasses 15, earthworm powder 9, complex enzyme 9, additive 7, Compound amino acid 5, trace element 2.
Complex enzyme includes the component of following parts by weight：Cellulase 4, trypsase 9, pectase 7,1,4 beta-glucanase 13；Each component is mixed at 35~45 DEG C and places 40-50 minutes and can obtain the complex enzyme.
Fruit discarded object be various low-grade fruits, inferior shedding, after Fruit quality in remaining pericarp, fruit bits or core one Kind or a variety of mixtures.
The weight proportion of additive composition includes following raw material：13 grams of manna oligosacchride, 28 grams of soybean lecithin, sodium alginate 9 Gram, 2 grams of saccharicter-penin, 7 grams of Semen Cuscutae, 7 grams of radix glycyrrhizae, 1 gram of Tea Polyphenols, 7 grams of carrot；Its preparation method is：By above-mentioned raw materials plus 6 Heated after~8 times of weight waters are well mixed, heating-up temperature is 100 DEG C, and the heat time is 10~15 minutes, by mistake after cooling Filter, the additive is obtained after filtrate concentration.
Trace element is iron, copper, zinc, potassium, manganese and magnesium；Iron, copper, zinc, potassium, the mass ratio of manganese and magnesium are 1~1.5:1~ 1.5:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.6~0.8.
Compound amino acid is to use poultry feather, animal skin and rice residue as raw material, crushes, adds water to be beaten, first adjust pH To 7.5 ~ 8.0, amylase and lipase are added, temperature is maintained at 45~55 DEG C, digests 16 hours, obtains hydrolyzate, powder after drying It is broken to produce compound amino acid；It is 1 to add amylase and lipase ratio:1, addition percentage by weight is 1 %~3%.
Described Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed, its preparation method comprise the following steps：
（1）Bagasse and fruit discarded object are dried through tower drier, and water content is 8%~10% after drying；
（2）By the cooked rear drying and crushing of Pomacea canaliculata, Pomacea canaliculata, earthworm powder and shrimp shell is taken to add 4~6 times of weight according to parts by weight Water simultaneously carries out mixing quenched, obtained fermentation material wet basis；
（3）Sea salt and molasses are taken to heat 10~20 minutes according to parts by weight, heating-up temperature is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C, is added after cooling It is well mixed into fermentation material wet basis；
（4）In step（3）Calcium superphosphate, calcium carbonate, complex enzyme, addition are added in parts by weight in obtained fermentation material wet basis Agent, compound amino acid and trace element, it is placed in fermenting cellar at 15~55 DEG C and is fermented after well mixed, fermentation time For 15~20 days；
（5）By step（4）Gains after fermenting enzyme solution terminates are dried, and are put into after being sufficiently mixed swollen in ring mode bulking machine Change, control the temperature of bulking machine between 65 DEG C~75 DEG C, puffing time is 1~2 hour, is by the aridity of bulking meterial 85%~95%；
（5）Material after will be expanded, which is transferred in ring mode grit machine, is produced into precipitation hard particles feed, and with 160 meshes Sieving, every weight is 2 grams, and is packed by required weight and obtain the Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed.
Fermenting cellar is fermented using fermentation vat, tank or Plastic Drum, sealing covered rearing with plastic film, while uses rubber band In a down-to-earth manner.
The moisture of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed is adjusted to the 20%-25% of final finished.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Bagasse sugarcane marrow 100~200, fruit discarded object 50th, Pomacea canaliculata 30, calcium superphosphate 20, shrimp shell 20, calcium carbonate 20, sea salt 20, molasses 20, earthworm powder 10, complex enzyme 10, additive 8th, compound amino acid 6, trace element 3.
Complex enzyme includes the component of following parts by weight：Cellulase 5, trypsase 10, pectase 8,1,4 beta-glucanase 15；Each component is mixed at 35~45 DEG C and places 40-50 minutes and can obtain the complex enzyme.
Fruit discarded object be various low-grade fruits, inferior shedding, after Fruit quality in remaining pericarp, fruit bits or core one Kind or a variety of mixtures.
The weight proportion of additive composition includes following raw material：15 grams of manna oligosacchride, 30 grams of soybean lecithin, sodium alginate 10 Gram, 3 grams of saccharicter-penin, 8 grams of Semen Cuscutae, 8 grams of radix glycyrrhizae, 1.5 grams of Tea Polyphenols, 8 grams of carrot；Its preparation method is：By above-mentioned raw materials plus Heated after 6~8 times of weight waters are well mixed, heating-up temperature is 100 DEG C, and the heat time is 10~15 minutes, by mistake after cooling Filter, the additive is obtained after filtrate concentration.
Trace element is iron, copper, zinc, potassium, manganese and magnesium；Iron, copper, zinc, potassium, the mass ratio of manganese and magnesium are 1~1.5:1~ 1.5:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.6~0.8.
Compound amino acid is to use poultry feather, animal skin and rice residue as raw material, crushes, adds water to be beaten, first adjust pH To 7.5 ~ 8.0, amylase and lipase are added, temperature is maintained at 45~55 DEG C, digests 16 hours, obtains hydrolyzate, powder after drying It is broken to produce compound amino acid；It is 1 to add amylase and lipase ratio:1, addition percentage by weight is 1 %~3%.
Described Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed, its preparation method comprise the following steps：
（1）Bagasse and fruit discarded object are dried through tower drier, and water content is 8%~10% after drying；
（2）By the cooked rear drying and crushing of Pomacea canaliculata, Pomacea canaliculata, earthworm powder and shrimp shell is taken to add 4~6 times of weight according to parts by weight Water simultaneously carries out mixing quenched, obtained fermentation material wet basis；
（3）Sea salt and molasses are taken to heat 10~20 minutes according to parts by weight, heating-up temperature is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C, is added after cooling It is well mixed into fermentation material wet basis；
（4）In step（3）Calcium superphosphate, calcium carbonate, complex enzyme, addition are added in parts by weight in obtained fermentation material wet basis Agent, compound amino acid and trace element, it is placed in fermenting cellar at 15~55 DEG C and is fermented after well mixed, fermentation time For 15~20 days；
（5）By step（4）Gains after fermenting enzyme solution terminates are dried, and are put into after being sufficiently mixed swollen in ring mode bulking machine Change, control the temperature of bulking machine between 65 DEG C~75 DEG C, puffing time is 1~2 hour, is by the aridity of bulking meterial 85%~95%；
（5）Material after will be expanded, which is transferred in ring mode grit machine, is produced into precipitation hard particles feed, and with 160 meshes Sieving, every weight is 2 grams, and is packed by required weight and obtain the Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed.
Fermenting cellar is fermented using fermentation vat, tank or Plastic Drum, sealing covered rearing with plastic film, while uses rubber band In a down-to-earth manner.
The moisture of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed is adjusted to the 20%-25% of final finished.
Contrast test：
Test site is located at Guangxi province Nanning City Heng County Fishery technical centre for spreading.Time is a natural growth cycle, test tank It it is all on March 10, -2017 years on the 20th May in 2016 with control pond.
Test tank 1-3 and control pond are set altogether, and test tank and the specification for compareing pond are 6 × 667m2Rectangle pond, experiment The Eriocheir Sinensis in pond and control pond provides by Guangxi aquatic products research institute.Test tank 1-3 is corresponded to feed the application respectively The Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed that embodiment 1-3 is prepared, control pond feed the feed based on fish bivalves and corn grain class（Egg Bai Hanliang is 30%~40%）, test tank and control pond feeding amount are essentially identical, per 667m2650~700kg of total feeding volume.Experiment Data are as follows：

Claims (9)

1. a kind of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed, it is characterised in that it includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Bagasse sugarcane marrow 100~ 200th, fruit discarded object 30~50, Pomacea canaliculata 20~30, calcium superphosphate 10~20, shrimp shell 10~20, calcium carbonate 10~20, sea salt 10~20, molasses 10~20, earthworm powder 8~10, complex enzyme 8~10, additive 6~8, compound amino acid 4~6, trace element 1 ~3.
2. Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the complex enzyme includes following parts by weight Component：Cellulase 3-5, trypsase 8-10, pectase 6-8,1,4 beta-glucanase 10-15；By each component at 35~45 DEG C Lower mixing placement 40-50 minutes can obtain the complex enzyme.
3. Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fruit discarded object is various low grades One or more mixtures after fruit, inferior shedding, Fruit quality in remaining pericarp, fruit bits or core.
4. Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the weight proportion bag of the additive composition Include following raw material：10~15 grams of manna oligosacchride, 25~30 grams of soybean lecithin, 8~10 grams of sodium alginate, 1~3 gram of saccharicter-penin, Tu 6~8 grams of silk, 6~8 grams of radix glycyrrhizae, 0.5~1.5 gram of Tea Polyphenols, 6~8 grams of carrot；Its preparation method is：By above-mentioned raw materials plus 6 Heated after~8 times of weight waters are well mixed, heating-up temperature is 100 DEG C, and the heat time is 10~15 minutes, by mistake after cooling Filter, the additive is obtained after filtrate concentration.
5. Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described trace element for iron, copper, zinc, potassium, Manganese and magnesium；Iron, copper, zinc, potassium, the mass ratio of manganese and magnesium are 1~1.5:1~1.5:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.6~ 0.8。
6. Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the compound amino acid is using poultry plumage Hair, animal skin and rice residue are raw material, crush, add water to be beaten, and first adjust pH to 7.5 ~ 8.0, add amylase and lipase, temperature Degree is maintained at 45~55 DEG C, digests 16 hours, obtains hydrolyzate, crushed after drying and produce compound amino acid；Add amylase and fat Fat enzyme ratio is 1:1, addition percentage by weight is 1 %~3%.
7. Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that its preparation method comprises the following steps：
（1）Bagasse and fruit discarded object are dried through tower drier, and water content is 8%~10% after drying；
（2）By the cooked rear drying and crushing of Pomacea canaliculata, Pomacea canaliculata, earthworm powder and shrimp shell is taken to add 4~6 times of weight according to parts by weight Water simultaneously carries out mixing quenched, obtained fermentation material wet basis；
（3）Sea salt and molasses are taken to heat 10~20 minutes according to parts by weight, heating-up temperature is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C, is added after cooling It is well mixed into fermentation material wet basis；
（4）In step（3）Calcium superphosphate, calcium carbonate, complex enzyme, addition are added in parts by weight in obtained fermentation material wet basis Agent, compound amino acid and trace element, it is placed in fermenting cellar at 15~55 DEG C and is fermented after well mixed, fermentation time For 15~20 days；
（5）By step（4）Gains after fermenting enzyme solution terminates are dried, and are put into after being sufficiently mixed swollen in ring mode bulking machine Change, control the temperature of bulking machine between 65 DEG C~75 DEG C, puffing time is 1~2 hour, is by the aridity of bulking meterial 85%~95%；
（5）Material after will be expanded, which is transferred in ring mode grit machine, is produced into precipitation hard particles feed, and with 160 meshes Sieving, every weight is 2 grams, and is packed by required weight and obtain the Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed.
8. Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described fermenting cellar using fermentation vat, tank, Or Plastic Drum is fermented, sealing covered rearing with plastic film, and meanwhile it is sturdy with rubber band.
9. Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the moisture of the Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed is adjusted The whole 20%-25% for final finished.
CN201711175202.XA 2017-11-22 2017-11-22 Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed and preparation method thereof Pending CN107744076A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109644913A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-04-19 钦州学院 The method for improving Eriocheir hepuensis box circulating water cultivation survival rate and food ration

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102771655A (en) * 2012-06-21 2012-11-14 句容市三岔蟹业专业合作社 Eriocheir sinensis compound feed
CN105010872A (en) * 2015-07-31 2015-11-04 郑荣 Ostrich feed and production method thereof
CN105410465A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-23 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 Special feed for improving immunity of crabs
CN105918693A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-09-07 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 Aquatic feed improving crab meat quality
CN106538883A (en) * 2016-10-15 2017-03-29 广西润爽生态农业科技有限公司 A kind of fish meal and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102771655A (en) * 2012-06-21 2012-11-14 句容市三岔蟹业专业合作社 Eriocheir sinensis compound feed
CN105010872A (en) * 2015-07-31 2015-11-04 郑荣 Ostrich feed and production method thereof
CN105410465A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-23 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 Special feed for improving immunity of crabs
CN105918693A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-09-07 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 Aquatic feed improving crab meat quality
CN106538883A (en) * 2016-10-15 2017-03-29 广西润爽生态农业科技有限公司 A kind of fish meal and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109644913A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-04-19 钦州学院 The method for improving Eriocheir hepuensis box circulating water cultivation survival rate and food ration

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Application publication date: 20180302