CN107699253A - 超氟负性液晶化合物和组成物、制备及在液晶显示器件中的应用 - Google Patents

超氟负性液晶化合物和组成物、制备及在液晶显示器件中的应用 Download PDF

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CN107699253A
CN107699253A CN201710972796.0A CN201710972796A CN107699253A CN 107699253 A CN107699253 A CN 107699253A CN 201710972796 A CN201710972796 A CN 201710972796A CN 107699253 A CN107699253 A CN 107699253A
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闻建勋
田瑞文
肖智勇
邱绿洲
丁荣文
陈妹
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Fujian Forever Technology Co Ltd
Shanghai Tianwen Chemical Co Ltd
Fujian Yongjing Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Tianwen Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种超氟负性液晶化合物和组合物,制备及在液晶显示器件中的应用。该化合物具有如下结构式:

Description

超氟负性液晶化合物和组成物、制备及在液晶显示器件中的 应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种超氟负性液晶化合物和组成物,制备及在液晶显示器件中的应用。
发明背景
随着液晶平板显示的发展,为了提高液晶显示(LCDs)速度及加宽器件的视角,开发了各种不同特点显示模式显示器。近年来,人们正采用各种技术进一步改进有源矩阵寻址的LCD性质,在最新一代LCD电视机中,通过各种新技术使用,例如:平面开关转换(IPS)模式,边缘场开关模式(FFS),多畴垂直取向(MVA)模式,成功将视角扩展到170°,转换时间减少到10ms以内,而且大大提高了新一代液晶电视(LCD TV)的对比度。与此相反,也有一些AM-LCD,例如:VA-TFT LCD(分子垂直排列的薄膜晶体管液晶显示器)使用Δε爲负数的混合液晶,可以产生的显示图像品质优秀,不仅响应速度快,而且有宽视角。宽视角是VA-TFTLCD模式的突出的优点。
本发明是在负性液晶分子中将2,3,5,6-四氟亚苯基引入液晶核结构之中,利用亚乙基桥键连接,形成新的负性液晶。由于导入非极性的四氟亚苯基有利于提高响应速度、电阻率以及化学稳定性。发现了该系列液晶都是单变的向列相液晶,不存在近晶相。可以用于制备负性液晶化合物材料。
发明内容
本发明第一个目的是提供一种超氟负性液晶化合物,该化合物不仅具有较大的负介电常数各向异性(Δε),而且具有以下特性的一种,例如:相对热及光的稳定性,较高清亮点,适当的双折射以及与其他液晶的良好溶解性。
本发明第二个目的是提供一种含有超氟负性液晶组合物,它含有以上的1或者2种超氟负性液晶化合物,其余为其它负性液晶化合物组成。该组合物具有以下特性中的至少一种或两种特性,具有适当的性质的平衡,黏度较低,折射率适当,较好的负的介电常数,阈值电压较低,清亮点较高,以及较好的低温温度。
本发明第三个目的是提供上述超氟负性液晶化合物或液晶组合物的制备方法。
本发明的另一目的是提供上述超氟负性液晶化合物或液晶组合物的应用,用于制备液晶显示器件,该显示器件具有响应时间短,驱动电压较小,具有较高的对比度,能在较宽温度范围内使用。
本发明的超氟负性液晶化合物具有如下分子结构式:
其中X1,X2,X3代表单链,1,2-亚乙基,-COO-,-CF2O-,
X1,X2,X3中至少有一个为-COO-,
m和p是0或1,
A1代表2,3,5,6-四氟亚苯基,
A2代表1,4-亚苯基,
A3代亚苯基、2或3氟代亚苯基、2和3二氟代亚苯基。
A4代表2,3-二氟亚苯基,
R1代表C2-10的烷氧基,
Y1代表C2-10的烷氧基。
本发明的液晶化合物的还可以是以下各种结构式的化合物:
序号
本发明液晶化合物,尤其是指p为1,m为0,A3代表2或3氟代亚苯基、2和3二氟代亚苯基的液晶化合物。
本发明的典型液晶化合物为:
n=2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10。
本发明的含有2,3,5,6-四氟亚苯基典型化合物合成路线如下:
本发明的超氟负性液晶化合物制备方法是在回流温度下和三乙胺存在下,对正烷(C2-10)氧基全氟苯乙炔,4-溴-2-氟苯甲酸(2,3-二氟-4-乙氧基)苯酯,Pd(PPh3)2,Cl2和CuI反应1-5h,所述的对正烷(C2-10)氧基全氟苯乙炔,4-溴-2-氟苯甲酸(2,3-二氟-4-乙氧基)苯酯,Pd(PPh3)2Cl2,CuI和三乙胺的摩尔比为1~1.5:1:0.01~0.10:0.01~0.10:1~20。
建议该反应在惰性气体保护下进行,如氮气保护下进行。
反应产物可以经过过滤、水洗、干燥,浓缩、柱层析或重结晶纯化处理。
经过检测,D系列的化合物都具有液晶性,且是向列相液晶。
本发明提供的液晶组合物至少含有1或2种上述的超氟负性超氟负性液晶化合物,含量为液晶组合物总重量的3-15%,推荐为4-12%,其余为其它负性液晶化合物。
本发明的超氟负性液晶化合物和含有超氟负性液晶化合物的组合物不仅仅制备方法简便,而且液晶性能优良,响应速度快。
具体实施方式
通过下述实施例可以进一步理解本发明内容。
实施例1具体合成步骤
1)五氟碘苯的合成(C)
在氮气保护下向250ml的三口烧瓶中加入3.30g(0.14mol)镁和100ml的四氢呋喃(THF),通氮气5min后,加入25.25g(0.125mol)五氟氯苯和50mlTHF的混合液,15min后溶液变黄,且反应放热,此时冰盐浴控制温度在0℃左右,30min后滴完,继续常温反应1h,颜色变深棕色。称取碘36.00g(0.14mol)溶于60mlTHF,滴加,控制温度0℃左右,1h滴完,继续反应50min。停止反应,加入30ml浓盐酸和48ml水配成的溶液,搅拌,固体溶解,用硫代硫酸钠(10%)的水溶液洗多次,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,水泵减压蒸去溶剂,再油泵减压蒸馏,收集五氟碘苯,得产品22.00g,得率y:64%。
2)全氟苯基三甲基硅乙炔的合成(G)
在氮气保护下向250ml的三口烧瓶中加入0.18g的Pd(PPh3)2Cl2和0.18g碘化亚铜,加入100ml干燥的三乙胺,通氮气5min,加入10.00g(34mmol)的五氟碘苯和5.00g(50mmol)的三甲基硅乙炔,磁力搅拌,温度控制在25-40℃之间,40h后TCL跟踪反应完全,分液,干燥,水泵减压蒸去溶剂,再油泵减压蒸馏得6.84g无色液体,得率:82%。
3)对正戊氧基全氟苯乙炔的合成(E)
将2.45g(10.0mmol)的全氟苯基三甲基硅乙炔,2.45g(17.8mmol)的的碳酸钾,3.5g(39.8mmol)的正戊醇和40ml的二甲基甲酰按(DMF)依次加入50ml的三口烧瓶中,磁力搅拌,常温下反应72h后TCL跟踪,反应完全,加入30ml的水,用甲基叔丁基醚(40*3)萃取,用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸去溶剂,用石油醚过柱,得黄色液体产物1.98g,得率y:76%。
4)2,3-二氟-4-乙氧基苯酚的合成(A)
将18.4g(0.091mol)的2,3-二氟-4-乙氧基苯硼酸,10.9g(0.182mol)的冰醋酸和70ml干燥的四氢呋喃加入250ml的三口烧瓶中,在冰水浴下从常压滴液漏斗中滴加40.8g(11.2mol)双氧水,滴加过程中控制反应液温度在40℃以下,10min滴加完毕,继续在常温下反应20h,TCL跟踪反应完全。向反应液中加入100ml的硫酸钠(15%)水溶液并搅拌5min,用甲基叔丁基醚萃取,得有机相用无水硫酸镁干燥,再减压蒸去溶剂,得白色固体产物15.80g,得率y:99.7%。
5)4-溴-2-氟苯甲酸(2,3-二氟-4-乙氧基)苯酯的合成(B)
将2.21g(10.1mmol)的4-溴-2-氟苯甲酸,2.1g(10.0mmol)的2,3-二氟-4-乙氧基苯酚,2.3g(11.1mmol)的二环己基碳二亚胺和90mg(0.74mmol)的4-二甲氨基吡啶在氮气保护下加入100ml的三口烧瓶中,加入60ml的四氢呋喃溶解,磁力搅拌,在常温下反应30h,TCL跟踪反应完全。反应液抽滤,固体用二氯甲烷洗,得到的下层母液分别用5%的醋酸,盐水和水各洗三遍,得有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸去溶剂,得到的固体用石油醚:二氯甲烷=1:1的淋洗剂过柱,得到的粗产物再用石油醚:二氯甲烷=20:1的配比重结晶,得白色固体产物2.84g,得率y:67%。
6)4-[(4-正戊氧基-2,3,5,6-四氟苯基)乙炔基]-2-氟苯甲酸(2,3-二氟-4-乙氧基)苯酯的合成(D-b)
将280mg(1.1mmol)的对正戊氧基全氟苯乙炔,357mg(1.0mmol)的4-溴-2-氟苯甲酸(2,3-二氟-4-乙氧基)苯酯,80mg的Pd(PPh3)2Cl2,80mg的CuI和70ml的三乙胺在氮气保护下加入100ml的三口烧瓶中,磁力搅拌,在回流下反应,5h后TCL跟踪,反应完全,冷却,抽滤,用甲基叔丁基醚洗固体,下层母液用水(50*5)萃取得黄色有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸去溶剂,用淋洗剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=40:1的过柱,得到白色固体粗产物用石油醚重结晶,得到白色固体产物0.48g,得率y:88.7%。
偏光显微镜观察:Cr 70℃N 180.5℃I 180℃N 52℃Cr
DSC检测数据:Cr 80.41℃N 180.07℃I 180.40℃N 53.85℃Cr。7)4-[(4-正戊氧基-2,3,5,6-四氟苯基)乙基]-2-氟苯甲酸(2,3-二氟-4-乙氧基)苯酯的合成(D-a)
将0.30g的4-[(4-正戊氧基-2,3,5,6-四氟苯基)乙炔基]苯甲酸(1-氟或2,3-二氟-4-乙氧基)苯酯,催化量的Pd/C和200ml的甲苯加入反应釜中,加过量氢,控制温度在40℃左右,6h后反应完全,用石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1的淋洗剂过柱,得白色固体粗产物0.3g,用石油醚重结晶,得到白色固体产品0.27g,得率y:89%。
DSC检测数据:Cr 85.40℃I 76.17℃N 60.46℃Cr。(D-a)
实施例2组合物
为了便于描述,并实施例中用以下的符号代表分子结构中取
代基(如下表所表明)
例如.采用上述的符号,nO-B(2F,3F,5F,6F)2B(F)EB(2F,3F)-02表示如下结构式的液晶化合物:
将超氟负性超氟负性液晶化合物和其它负性液晶化合物,按重量比混合组成含有超氟负性超氟负性液晶化合物的组合物,并测定它们的理化性能结果如下:
组合物实例1
组合物实例2
组合物实例3
组合物实例4
组合物实例5
组合物实例6
组合物实例7
组合物实例8

Claims (11)

1.一种超氟负性液晶化合物,具有如下结构式:
其中X1,X2,X3代表单链,1,2-亚乙基,-COO-,-CF2O-,
X1,X2,X3中至少有一个为-COO-,
m和p是0或1,
A1代表2,3,5,6-四氟亚苯基,
A2代表1,4-亚苯基,
A3代表亚苯基、2或3氟代亚苯基、2和3二氟代亚苯基。
A4代表2,3-二氟亚苯基,
R1代表C2-10的烷氧基,
Y1代表C2-10的烷氧基。
2.如权利要求1所述的超氟负性液晶化合物,其特征是所述的超氟负性液晶化合物指p为1,m为0,A3代表2或3氟代亚苯基、2和3二氟代亚苯基的液晶化合物,其余X1,X2,X3、A1、A3、A4、R1和Y1同权利要求1所述。
3.一种超氟负性液晶化合物,具有如下结构式:
4.一种如权利要求2所述的超氟负性液晶化合物的制备方法,其特征是在回流温度下和三乙胺存在下,对正烷(C2-10)氧基全氟苯乙炔,4-溴-2-氟苯甲酸(2,3-二氟-4-乙氧基)苯酯,Pd(PPh3)2,Cl2和CuI反应1-5h,所述的对正烷(C2-10)氧基全氟苯乙炔,4-溴-2-氟苯甲酸(2,3-二氟-4-乙氧基)苯酯,Pd(PPh3)2,Cl2,CuI和三乙胺的摩尔比为1~1.5:1:0.01~0.10:0.01~0.10:1~20,获得p为1,m为0,A3代表2或3氟代亚苯基,X1,X3代表1,2-亚乙基,-COO,A1代表2,3,5,6-四氟亚苯基,A3代表2或3氟代亚苯基、A4代表2,3-二氟亚苯基、R1和Y1代表C2-10的烷氧基的烷氧基超氟负性液晶化合物。
5.如权利要求4所述的超氟负性液晶化合物的制备方法,其特征是该反应在惰性气体保护下进行。
6.如权利要求4所述的超氟负性液晶化合物的制备方法,其特征是反应产物经过过滤、水洗、干燥,浓缩、柱层析或重结晶纯化处理。
7.一种含有如权利要求1或3的的超氟负性液晶化合物的组合物,其特征是所述的液晶组合物至少含有1或2种如权利要求1或3所述的超氟负性超氟负性液晶化合物,含量为液晶组合物总重量的3-15%,其余为其它负性液晶化合物。
8.如权利要求7所述的含有超氟负性液晶化合物的组合物,其特征是所述的超氟负性超氟负性液晶化合物,含量为液晶组合物总重量的4-12%,其余为其它负性液晶化合物。
9.如权利要求8所述的含有超氟负性液晶化合物的组合物,其特征是所述的超氟负性超氟负性液晶化合物的组成和性能如下:
(1),
(2),
(3),
(4),
(5),
(6),
(7),
(8),
10.如权利要求1、2和3所述的超氟负性液晶化合物超氟负性液晶化合物在显示器中的应用。
11.如权利要求8和9所述的含有超氟负性液晶化合物的组合物在显示器中的应用。
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