CN107689459A - A kind of efficiency optimization control method of tramcar fuel cell array system - Google Patents
A kind of efficiency optimization control method of tramcar fuel cell array system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of efficiency optimization control method of tramcar fuel cell array system, including off-line calculation and On-line Control, the efficiency curve of single fuel cell array under different output power is gathered by off-line data collection module, then the function that efficiency changes with power output is obtained by efficiency curve fitting module, to optimize this kind of fuel cell array efficiency used in parallel, then by power computation module of transferring obtain the fuel cell array it is used in parallel when turnover power；On-line Control part obtains the output current and busbar voltage of each branch road by data acquisition module, then the output power value of each fuel cell branch road needs is obtained by power distribution module, corresponding controlled quentity controlled variable is obtained further according to the output power value combination controlled quentity controlled variable computing module obtained, finally by pulse signal corresponding to the acquisition of PWM module, the control of fuel cell system is completed, optimizes system effectiveness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fuel cell technology, more particularly to a kind of tramcar fuel cell array system
Efficiency optimization control method.
Background technology
Nowadays energy problem is very important serious problems, and traditional fossil energy increasingly reduces even exhaustion,
The daily demand of the mankind can not be met.Then more and more new high-grade energies emerge in large numbers, while need to be grasped and use advanced
Energy technology, new, cleaning and the utilization of regenerative resource are imperative.Rapid along with distributed generation technology rises abruptly
The characteristics of rising, important component of the fuel cell as distributed power source, being cleaned with it, be efficient receives significant attention.And
Fuel cell has the characteristics that running temperature is low, noise is low, startup is fast, pollution-free, is a kind of TRT of very attractive.
Fuel cell generation is widely used in fields such as distributed power generation, vehicle, track traffic and mobile devices.
But fuel cell large-scale application is still subject to many limitations in field of track traffic, especially fuel cell list
Body power grade is not high, reliability is low, it is difficult to meets rail traffic vehicles real time power requirements, and its durability be present not
Enough, the problems such as cost is of a relatively high.When fuel cell system is run with array pattern, its system effectiveness can obtain compared with
Big lifting.It is therefore desirable to the operation characteristic for fuel cell array and control method to carry out further investigation.
More stack fuel cells compose in parallel fuel cell array electricity generation system, can be effectively increased fuel battery voltage and work(
Rate grade, and fuel cell output electric energy is efficiently distributed in time, whole more heap array fuel cell systems is in optimal
It working condition, ensure that the whole efficiency of system is optimal, the efficient result for saving and realizing fault message not opotism can be reached.
When some operation of fuel cells hydraulic performance decline in fuel cell array or when breaking down suddenly, the system can be effectively according to load
Working condition changes the working condition of fuel cell or is temporarily isolating the fuel cell from system in time, and system remains to normally
Work.In addition, efficiency-optimization control is carried out to whole more heap array fuel cell systems so that its each fuel cell system
Power output is effectively distributed, and when the service behaviour of some or some fuel cells has declined, ensures overall power
Output.Simultaneously by taking corresponding fuel cell control strategy, it is also beneficial to improve the service life of fuel cell, reduces system
System cost, improves the stability of a system.Research to fuel cell power generation antenna array control method, organizing into groups neck the urban tram more
There is significant development prospect in domain.
But the research at present both at home and abroad for fuel cell power generation array is relatively fewer, for more heap array fuel electricity
Cell system power distribution method is without comparatively detailed explanation and illustration.Each unit in fuel cell array can not be ensured
Optimum Working is in, can not effectively reduce fuel cell start and stop unit frequency, causes fuel cell service life shorter, makes
The operating efficiency of fuel cell is low, and fuel economy is poor, cost original text, and stability is poor.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of efficiency optimization of tramcar fuel cell array system
Control method, provides structure and control method ensures that each unit is in optimum Working in fuel cell array, has
Effect reduces fuel cell start and stop unit frequency, improves fuel cell service life, fuel cell is operated in " high efficiency as much as possible
Section ", the purpose of fuel economy is realized, reduce cost, improve stability.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of tramcar fuel cell array system
Efficiency optimization control method, including off-line calculation process and On-line Control process；
The off-line calculation process includes step：
S100, by calculating off-line data, obtain single fuel cell array branch road under different output power
Efficiency curve；The efficiency curve is fitted to obtain the function that efficiency changes with power output by efficiency curve；By the effect
Function that rate changes with the power output efficiency used in parallel as fuel cell array；
S200, when obtaining the use of fuel cell array branch circuit parallel connection by power calculation of transferring to step S100 acquired results
Turnover power；
The On-line Control process includes step：
S300, the output current and busbar voltage of each fuel cell array branch road, pass through power distribution in acquisition system
Obtain the output power value needed for each fuel cell array branch road；
S400, corresponding controlled quentity controlled variable is obtained by calculating according to the turnover power and output power value；The controlled quentity controlled variable
Pulse signal is obtained by PWM, the control of fuel cell system is completed using the pulse signal.
It is further that step S100 includes step：
Efficiency of the single fuel cell array branch road in the case of different output power is obtained by off-line data collecting；
Then line function fitting is clicked through to continuous three power outputs using least square method polynomial fitting method, obtained
The function that the efficiency of the single fuel cell array branch road of each power section changes with output voltage：
ηm=f (P)=amP2+bmP+cm(m=1,2,3 ... m-1, m)；
P is the power output of fuel cell array, amFor the coefficient of fitting function quadratic term, bmFor fitting function first order
Coefficient, cmThe section number divided for the constant term of fitting function, m for collection power data.
It is further the turnover power P t of fuel cell array in step S200：
Wherein, ηmaxIt is pressure point of maximum efficiency, PηmaxIt is the power output of pressure point of maximum efficiency, it under t time points is output work that Pt, which is,
Rate.
It is further that the power distribution described in step S300 includes step：To improve the power of fuel cell system,
In the case of the power output P of needs is certain, the circuitry number to be worked with maximal efficiency is calculated；If desired power output P is not
Power output P during fuel cell maximal efficiencyηmaxIntegral multiple, then need to combine turnover power output PtWith remaining power output
PrRelation judge whether to need new fuel cell array branch road to carry out power distribution, if then starting new fuel cell array
It is disbursed from the cost and expenses road.
It is further, it is described to judge whether to need new fuel cell array branch road to carry out power distribution, including step：
To power output P and the power output P of maximal efficiencyηmaxBusiness roundedThen dump power Pr
For Pr=P-kPηmax；
If dump power PrWith the power output P of maximal efficiencyηmaxAnd less than or equal to turnover power Pt, by one of them
Fuel cell array branch road supply dump power Pr, then the fuel cell array branch road actually to put into operation is k；
If dump power PrWith the power output P of maximal efficiencyηmaxAnd more than turnover power Pt, then new fuel is put into
Array branch road supplies the dump power Pr, then the fuel cell array branch road actually to put into operation is k+1.
It is further that the step S400 includes step：
According to the quantity of power of distribution, calculated by controlled quentity controlled variable and obtain corresponding controlled quentity controlled variable d1, d2 to dn；
Obtained PWM controlled quentity controlled variables are changed into by switch controlling signal by PWM；
By the working condition of switch controlling signal control fuel cell array branch road, so as to control the work(of fuel cell system
Rate is distributed, and optimizes the efficiency of whole system.
On the other hand, present invention also offers a kind of tramcar fuel cell array system, including fuel cell system
System, On-line Control mechanism and off-line calculation mechanism；
The fuel cell system includes the fuel cell array that multiple fuel cell array branch roads parallel with one another are formed
With the electronic load being connected on fuel cell array output bus；
The On-line Control mechanism and fuel cell system communication connection, the off-line calculation mechanism and On-line Control mechanism
Communication connection.
It is further that the fuel cell array branch road includes fuel cell and become with the DC/DC of fuel cell series
Parallel operation.
It is further that the online controllable mechanism includes data acquisition module, power distribution module, controlled quentity controlled variable and calculated
Module and PWM module；
The data acquisition module：The output current and busbar voltage of each fuel cell array branch road in acquisition system；
The power distribution module：Power output needed for each fuel cell array branch road is obtained by power distribution
Value；
The controlled quentity controlled variable computing module：Calculated and obtained accordingly by controlled quentity controlled variable according to the turnover power and output power value
Controlled quentity controlled variable；
The PWM module：The PWM for obtaining controlled quentity controlled variable obtains pulse signal, is completed using the pulse signal
The control of fuel cell system.
It is further that the off-line calculation mechanism includes off-line data collection module, efficiency curve fitting module and turned
Roll over power output and calculate module；
The off-line data collection module：Obtain off-line data；
The efficiency curve fitting module：By calculating off-line data, single combustion under different output power is obtained
Expect the efficiency curve of array branch road；The efficiency curve is fitted to obtain efficiency by efficiency curve and changed with power output
Function；Function that the efficiency is changed with the power output efficiency used in parallel as fuel cell array；
The turnover power output calculates module：The result that efficiency curve fitting module obtains is obtained by power calculation of transferring
Obtain turnover power when fuel cell array branch circuit parallel connection uses.
Using the beneficial effect of the technical program：
The present invention proposes a kind of efficiency optimization control method of tramcar fuel cell array system, provides knot
Structure and control method ensure that each unit is in optimum Working in fuel cell array, effectively reduces fuel cell start and stop
Unit frequency, fuel cell service life is improved, fuel cell is operated in " between high efficient area " as much as possible, realizes fuel economy
Property purpose, reduce cost, improve stability.
The present invention combines off-line calculation and On-line Control causes system control to be easily achieved, and operand is small, is easy to digital real
It is existing；
The present invention controls relative to applied to the power averaging in fuel cell array topology in parallel, can effectively reduce throwing
Enter the fuel cell array number of modules of operation, the hardware deterioration of smaller fuel cell system under light duty；
The present invention is relative to power averaging control method, in the topological system in parallel of same type fuel cell array, energy
The effective efficiency for improving fuel cell system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of efficiency optimization control method flow signal of tramcar fuel cell array system of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of tramcar fuel cell array system in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 efficiency-power output least square method fitting of a polynomial schematic diagram, Fig. 3 (a) are offline gathered data, Fig. 3
(b) it is the curve map after fitting；
Fig. 4 single modules and Dual module operational efficiency curve comparison figure；
Fig. 5 power distribution module schematic diagrames；
Fig. 6 pwm signal generation module schematic diagrames；
Fig. 7 parallel-connection structure fuel cell systems power averaging controls and efficiency-optimization control experimental result comparison diagram.
Embodiment
In order that the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are clearer, the present invention is made below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings into one
Step illustrates.
In the present embodiment, shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of tramcar fuel cell array system
Efficiency optimization control method, including off-line calculation process and On-line Control process；
The off-line calculation process includes step：
S100, by calculating off-line data, obtain single fuel cell array branch road under different output power
Efficiency curve；The efficiency curve is fitted to obtain the function that efficiency changes with power output by efficiency curve；By the effect
Function that rate changes with the power output efficiency used in parallel as fuel cell array；
S200, when obtaining the use of fuel cell array branch circuit parallel connection by power calculation of transferring to step S100 acquired results
Turnover power；
The On-line Control process includes step：
S300, the output current and busbar voltage of each fuel cell array branch road, pass through power distribution in acquisition system
Obtain the output power value needed for each fuel cell array branch road；
S400, corresponding controlled quentity controlled variable is obtained by calculating according to the turnover power and output power value；The controlled quentity controlled variable
Pulse signal is obtained by PWM, the control of fuel cell system is completed using the pulse signal.
Wherein, step S100 includes step：
Efficiency of the single fuel cell array branch road in the case of different output power is obtained by off-line data collecting；
Then line function fitting is clicked through to continuous three power outputs using least square method polynomial fitting method, obtained
The function that the efficiency of the single fuel cell array branch road of each power section changes with output voltage：
ηm=f (P)=amP2+bmP+cm(m=1,2,3 ... m-1, m) (1)；
P is the power output of fuel cell array, amFor the coefficient of fitting function quadratic term, bmFor fitting function first order
Coefficient, cmThe section number divided for the constant term of fitting function, m for collection power data.
M can be expressed asN is the data amount check of collection, is rounded up when m contains decimal.
Wherein, in step S200 fuel cell array turnover power P t：
Wherein, ηmaxIt is pressure point of maximum efficiency, PηmaxIt is the power output of pressure point of maximum efficiency, it under t time points is output work that Pt, which is,
Rate.
As power output P corresponding to the aliquant maximal efficiencies of power output P of needsηmax, at this time in the presence of remaining work(
Rate Pr, need to calculate the turnover output work of the fuel cell array branch road used for the efficiency of further optimization fuel cell system
Rate PtFor judging whether to need to put into new fuel cell array.
Wherein, the power distribution described in step S300 includes step：To improve the power of fuel cell system, needing
Power output P it is certain in the case of, calculate with maximal efficiency work circuitry number；If desired power output P is not fuel electricity
Power output P during the maximal efficiency of pondηmaxIntegral multiple, then need to combine turnover power output PtWith remaining power output PrPass
System judges whether to need new fuel cell array branch road to carry out power distribution, is disbursed from the cost and expenses if then starting new fuel cell array
Road.
Particularly, it is described to judge whether to need new fuel cell array branch road to carry out power distribution, including step：
To power output P and the power output P of maximal efficiencyηmaxBusiness roundedThen dump power Pr
For Pr=P-kPηmax；
If dump power PrWith the power output P of maximal efficiencyηmaxAnd less than or equal to turnover power Pt, by one of them
Fuel cell array branch road supplies dump power Pr, then the fuel cell array branch road actually to put into operation is k；
If dump power PrWith the power output P of maximal efficiencyηmaxAnd more than turnover power Pt, then new fuel is put into
Array branch road supplies the dump power Pr, then the fuel cell array branch road actually to put into operation is k+1.
Wherein, the step S400 includes step：
According to the quantity of power of distribution, calculated by controlled quentity controlled variable and obtain corresponding controlled quentity controlled variable d1, d2 to dn；
Obtained PWM controlled quentity controlled variables are changed into by switch controlling signal by PWM；
By the working condition of switch controlling signal control fuel cell array branch road, so as to control the work(of fuel cell system
Rate is distributed, and optimizes the efficiency of whole system.
To coordinate the realization of the inventive method, based on identical inventive concept, as shown in Fig. 2 present invention also offers one
Kind tramcar fuel cell array system, including fuel cell system, On-line Control mechanism and off-line calculation mechanism；
The fuel cell system includes the fuel cell array that multiple fuel cell array branch roads parallel with one another are formed
With the electronic load being connected on fuel cell array output bus；
The On-line Control mechanism and fuel cell system communication connection, the off-line calculation mechanism and On-line Control mechanism
Communication connection.
Wherein, the fuel cell array branch road includes fuel cell and the DC/DC converters with fuel cell series.
Wherein, the online controllable mechanism include data acquisition module, power distribution module, controlled quentity controlled variable computing module and
PWM module；
The data acquisition module：The output current and busbar voltage of each fuel cell array branch road in acquisition system；
The power distribution module：Power output needed for each fuel cell array branch road is obtained by power distribution
Value；
The controlled quentity controlled variable computing module：Calculated and obtained accordingly by controlled quentity controlled variable according to the turnover power and output power value
Controlled quentity controlled variable；
The PWM module：The PWM for obtaining controlled quentity controlled variable obtains pulse signal, is completed using the pulse signal
The control of fuel cell system.
Wherein, the off-line calculation mechanism includes off-line data collection module, efficiency curve fitting module and turnover output
Power computation module；
The off-line data collection module：Obtain off-line data；
The efficiency curve fitting module：By calculating off-line data, single combustion under different output power is obtained
Expect the efficiency curve of array branch road；The efficiency curve is fitted to obtain efficiency by efficiency curve and changed with power output
Function；Function that the efficiency is changed with the power output efficiency used in parallel as fuel cell array；
The turnover power output calculates module：The result that efficiency curve fitting module obtains is obtained by power calculation of transferring
Obtain turnover power when fuel cell array branch circuit parallel connection uses.
The specific implementation process for process in detail of illustrating below：
First, single fuel cell array branch road is obtained in the case of different output power by offline data acquisition modules
Efficiency, then by efficiency curve fitting module using least square method polynomial fitting method to continuous three power outputs
Line function fitting is clicked through, obtains the function that the efficiency of the single fuel cell array branch road of each power section changes with output voltage；
ηm=f (P)=amP2+bmP+cm(m=1,2,3 ... m-1, m) (1.1)
Wherein：P be fuel cell array power output, amFor the coefficient of fitting function quadratic term, bmFor fitting function one
The coefficient of secondary item, cmThe section number divided for the constant term of fitting function, m for collection power data, it can be expressed as；
In formula (1.2), n is the data amount check of collection, is rounded up when m contains decimal.
Each coefficient a corresponding to section in formula (1.1)m、bmAnd cmCan be by collection point and matched curve sum of square of deviations most
Small acquisition, is shown below,
According in formula (1.3), coefficient a corresponding to each section can be tried to achieve1b1c1, a2b2c2, a3b3c3, am-1bm-1cm-1With
ambmcm, and formula (1.1) can be further represented as；
η=f (P) (1.4)
For identical fuel cell array, the efficiency of single fuel cell array is very near with power output change curve
Seemingly, therefore formula (1.4) can represent the efficiency characteristic of same model fuel cell array；In addition, the effect of single fuel cell array
Rate can first reach pressure point of maximum efficiency η with the increase of power outputmax, now power output is Pηmax, with behind efficiency with output
Reduce after the increase of power, until power output reaches maximum Pmax；In the case where needing power output certain, work is put into
The fuel cell array branch road of work be operated in pressure point of maximum efficiency or its near, the efficiency of whole fuel cell system will obtain
To optimization.
If needing k fuel cell array branch road to be operated in pressure point of maximum efficiency, if dump power be present, to obtain maximum effect
Rate, which need to analyse whether to need to put into new module, undertakes this Partial Power；If the combustion that this Partial Power has been put into by one of them
Material array branch road is shared, and now the efficiency of fuel cell system is,
If in addition, supplying dump power using new fuel cell array branch road, now the efficiency of fuel cell system is,
Convolution (1.5) and (1.6), if efficiency is equal under each case, the branch of dump power is now undertaken in method one
Road power output is turnover power PtIt can obtain,
By power computation module 03 of transferring, convolution (1.4) and formula (1.7) must can transfer power Pt。
Then, in the fuel cell array On-line Control of parallel-connection structure, each fuel electricity of data collecting module collected is passed through
The output current and busbar voltage of pond array branch, then the power output of each module is divided by power distribution module
Match somebody with somebody, obtain corresponding PWM controlled quentity controlled variables；The number of modules k started is then at least needed to be,
To power output P and the power output P of maximal efficiency in formula (1.8)ηmaxBusiness rounded.
If dump power now be present, and dump power and power output PηmaxAnd less than or equal to turnover power calculation mould
Block calculates the turnover power P of gainedt, now need to supply dump power, the then combustion actually to put into operation by one of module
It is k to expect battery module.If dump power and power output PηmaxAnd more than turnover power output calculate module calculate gained
Turnover power Pt, now need to put into new fuel cell array branch road and share this some residual power, then actual input fortune
Capable fuel cell module is k+1.
Then, according to the quantity of power of distribution, corresponding controlled quentity controlled variable d is obtained by controlled quentity controlled variable computing module 061、 d2……
dn。
Finally, obtained PWM controlled quentity controlled variables are changed into by switch controlling signal, fuel cell system by PWM module 07
Power distribution control, optimize the efficiency of whole system.
Fig. 3 shows, efficiency-power output least square method fitting of a polynomial schematic diagram：
(26 degrees Celsius) are tested 2kW air cooling fuel cell piles at ambient temperature, pass through off-line data collecting
Module obtains the efficiency that single fuel cell array is listed in the case of different output power, is then adopted by efficiency curve fitting module
Line function is clicked through to continuous three power outputs to be fitted, it is single to obtain each power section with least square method polynomial fitting method
The function that the efficiency of fuel cell array changes with output voltage；Shown in its matched curve schematic diagram such as Fig. 3 (b).
Fig. 4 shows, single module and Dual module synthetic operation efficiency curve comparison diagram：
For each fuel cell array branch road exist an identical pressure point of maximum efficiency, it is necessary to power output divided by
, it is necessary to consider whether to need to put into new fuel cell branch road to supply this when power output during pressure point of maximum efficiency also has remaining
Partial Power, then the turnover power for needing to use formula to obtain make a distinction, when the power output of pressure point of maximum efficiency is plus residue
Power output is less than or equal to that during turnover power output new fuel cell branch road need not be put into, when the output work of pressure point of maximum efficiency
Rate needs to put into new fuel cell branch road when being more than turnover power output plus remaining power output so that fuel cell system
Obtain higher efficiency.
Fig. 5 shows, power distribution module schematic diagram：
In the timing of power output one of needs, output power value and turnover when obtaining maximal efficiency according to off-line calculation
Output power value, power is allocated.First, obtained with the output power value when power output divided by maximal efficiency of needs
The fuel cell array branch road k at least needing to put into is obtained, then has P1=Pηmax, P2=Pηmax……Pk=Pηmax.Then, if also having
Remaining power output Pr, work as Pr+PηmaxLess than or equal to PtWhen, new fuel cell array need not be now put into, then Pk=Pηmax+
Pr, work as Pr+PηmaxMore than PtWhen, now need to put into new fuel cell array, then Pk+1=Pr.Finally, remaining module is set
Power output is 0.
Fig. 6 shows, pwm signal generation module schematic diagram：
The power output of the needs for each fuel cell branch road that controlled quentity controlled variable computing module obtains according to power distribution module
Value, first divided by busbar voltage obtains the output current value that each module needs, and the output of measurement is being combined by PI controllers
Current value obtains the controlled quentity controlled variable d required for each branch road1, d2……dn。
Fig. 7 shows that parallel-connection structure fuel cell system power averaging controls and efficiency-optimization control experimental result comparison diagram：
By controlling load-side electronic load power output, (26 degrees Celsius) are to 2kW air coolings fuel electricity at ambient temperature
Pond pile is tested.It is 100W to start setting up power output, to power output increase, to test corresponding fire with 100W intervals
Array system effectiveness is expected, until power output is 1500W.According to the efficiency characteristic tested, three are compared in figure
During individual wired in parallel, efficiency comparative's curve of mean power control method and efficiency optimization control method, it can be seen that in underloading
When, efficiency optimization control method can significantly improve the fuel cell array system effectiveness of topology in parallel.
The general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of tramcar efficiency optimization control method of fuel cell array system, it is characterised in that including offline meter
Calculation process and On-line Control process；
The off-line calculation process includes step：
S100, by calculating off-line data, obtain the efficiency of single fuel cell array branch road under different output power
Curve；The efficiency curve is fitted to obtain the function that efficiency changes with power output by efficiency curve；By the efficiency with
The function efficiency used in parallel as fuel cell array of power output change；
S200, step S100 acquired results are obtained when fuel cell array branch circuit parallel connection uses by power calculation of transferring and turned
Roll over power；
The On-line Control process includes step：
S300, the output current and busbar voltage of each fuel cell array branch road, are obtained by power distribution in acquisition system
Output power value needed for each fuel cell array branch road；
S400, corresponding controlled quentity controlled variable is obtained by calculating according to the turnover power and output power value；The controlled quentity controlled variable passes through
PWM obtains pulse signal, and the control of fuel cell system is completed using the pulse signal.
2. a kind of efficiency optimization control method of tramcar fuel cell array system according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by, step S100 includes step：
Efficiency of the single fuel cell array branch road in the case of different output power is obtained by off-line data collecting；
Then line function fitting is clicked through to continuous three power outputs using least square method polynomial fitting method, obtained each
The function that the efficiency of the single fuel cell array branch road of power section changes with output voltage：
ηm=f (P)=amP2+bmP+cm(m=1,2,3 ... m-1, m),
P is the power output of fuel cell array, amFor the coefficient of fitting function quadratic term, bmWhat it is for fitting function first order is
Number, cmThe section number divided for the constant term of fitting function, m for collection power data.
3. a kind of efficiency optimization control method of tramcar fuel cell array system according to claim 2, its
It is characterised by, the turnover power P t of fuel cell array in step S200：
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<mi>f</mi>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein, ηmaxIt is pressure point of maximum efficiency, PηmaxIt is the power output of pressure point of maximum efficiency, it under t time points is power output that Pt, which is,.
4. a kind of efficiency optimization control method of tramcar fuel cell array system according to claim 3, its
It is characterised by, the power distribution described in step S300 includes step：To improve the power of fuel cell system, in the defeated of needs
Go out power P it is certain in the case of, calculate with maximal efficiency work circuitry number；If desired power output P be not fuel cell most
Power output P during big efficiencyηmaxIntegral multiple, then need to combine turnover power output PtWith remaining power output PrRelation sentence
It is disconnected whether to need new fuel cell array branch road to carry out power distribution, if then starting new fuel cell array branch road.
5. a kind of efficiency optimization control method of tramcar fuel cell array system according to claim 4, its
It is characterised by, it is described to judge whether to need new fuel cell array branch road to carry out power distribution, including step：
Power output P and the power output P η max of maximal efficiency business are roundedThen dump power Pr is Pr
=P-kPηmax；
If dump power PrWith the power output P of maximal efficiencyηmaxAnd less than or equal to turnover power Pt, by one of fuel
Array branch road supply dump power Pr, then the fuel cell array branch road actually to put into operation is k；
If dump power PrWith the power output P of maximal efficiencyηmaxAnd more than turnover power Pt, then new fuel cell is put into
Array branch supplies the dump power Pr, then the fuel cell array branch road actually to put into operation is k+1.
6. a kind of efficiency optimization control method of tramcar fuel cell array system according to claim 5, its
It is characterised by, the step S400 includes step：
According to the quantity of power of distribution, calculated by controlled quentity controlled variable and obtain corresponding controlled quentity controlled variable d1, d2 to dn；
Obtained PWM controlled quentity controlled variables are changed into by switch controlling signal by PWM；
By the working condition of switch controlling signal control fuel cell array branch road, so as to control the power of fuel cell system point
Match somebody with somebody, optimize the efficiency of whole system.
7. a kind of tramcar fuel cell array system, it is characterised in that including fuel cell system, On-line Control mechanism
With off-line calculation mechanism；
The fuel cell system includes fuel cell array and the company that multiple fuel cell array branch roads parallel with one another are formed
The electronic load being connected on fuel cell array output bus；
The On-line Control mechanism and fuel cell system communication connection, the off-line calculation mechanism and On-line Control institutional communication
Connection.
A kind of 8. tramcar fuel cell array system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the fuel electricity
Pond array branch includes fuel cell and the DC/DC converters with fuel cell series.
9. a kind of tramcar fuel cell array system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described online
Controlling organization includes data acquisition module, power distribution module, controlled quentity controlled variable computing module and PWM module；
The data acquisition module：The output current and busbar voltage of each fuel cell array branch road in acquisition system；
The power distribution module：Output power value needed for each fuel cell array branch road is obtained by power distribution；
The controlled quentity controlled variable computing module：Calculated according to the turnover power and output power value by controlled quentity controlled variable and obtain corresponding control
Amount；
The PWM module：The PWM for obtaining controlled quentity controlled variable obtains pulse signal, and fuel is completed using the pulse signal
The control of battery system.
10. a kind of tramcar fuel cell array system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described offline
Calculating mechanism includes off-line data collection module, efficiency curve fitting module and turnover power output calculating module；
The off-line data collection module：Obtain off-line data；
The efficiency curve fitting module：By calculating off-line data, single fuel electricity under different output power is obtained
The efficiency curve of pond array branch；The efficiency curve is fitted to obtain the letter that efficiency changes with power output by efficiency curve
Number；Function that the efficiency is changed with the power output efficiency used in parallel as fuel cell array；
The turnover power output calculates module：The result that efficiency curve fitting module obtains is fired by power calculation of transferring
Expect turnover power when array branch circuit parallel connection uses.
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| CN113113938B (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2023-12-12 | 上海恒劲动力科技有限公司 | Uniform power control method and system for multi-module fuel cell system |
| CN113258107A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-13 | 青岛大学 | Multi-stack fuel cell system net output power increment distribution method |
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