CN108987770A - A kind of coordinating and optimizing control method of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems - Google Patents
A kind of coordinating and optimizing control method of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of coordinating and optimizing control method of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems, establish more stack fuel cell system topological structures, then theoretical calculation list stack fuel cell system efficiency, by single shut-down system efficiency with output power variation relation, the overall system efficiency under more heap parallel connection topological structures is analyzed, more stack fuel cell electricity generation system whole efficiencies and bearing power the constraint relationship are established；Further according to actual test data, practical list shut-down system efficiency is drawn with output power change curve, control method is distributed by the power adaptive to more stack fuel cell systems, power reasonable distribution needed for loading is to each pile, it is optimal for evaluation index with system whole efficiency, guarantee that more stack fuel cell systems are run with optimal stabilised efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fuel cell technology, the coordination more particularly to a kind of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems is excellent
Change control method.
Background technique
Current energy problem gets worse, and traditional fossil energy gradually decreases even exhaustion, and fuel cell is as distribution
The important component of formula power supply, with its start speed it is fast, reaction product is friendly, running temperature is low, noise is small the advantages that by
Favor extensively.Fuel cell generation the fields such as distributed power generation, rail traffic, motor vehicles and mobile device have compared with
It is a kind of very attractive power generator to be widely applied.
High-power vehicular traffic such as modern tram, EMU etc. have many advantages, such as it is safe, reliable, environmentally friendly, as in
The means of transportation of low freight volume is widely used, and it is a kind of new breakthrough that fuel cell generation, which is applied to High-Powered Vehicle,.
Fuel-cell vehicle generates electricity by fuel of hydrogen, only can continue to provide power in rolling stock section's setting hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing device
Source is realized whole without net operation.And it has many advantages, such as that clean, pollution-free, road conditions environment is simple, thus becomes in recent years
Research hotspot.In high-power vehicular traffic it is a kind of novel method of operation by fuel cells applications, has greatly development latent
Power.
However, since fuel cell power grade is not high, it is difficult to meet High-Powered Vehicle real time power requirements, and
The disadvantages of its durability is insufficient, the cost is relatively high can not be ignored, therefore in traffic and transport field large-scale use fuel cell
Electricity generation system is restricted.When fuel cell generation is put into operation in a manner of more heap synthetic operations, system power grade,
Whole efficiency can be highly improved.In addition, the more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems composed in parallel can effectively increase combustion
Expect the redundancy of battery generating system, improves stability, the reliability of system work.
But conventional power allocation strategy, mean allocation strategy is lower in the efficiency of low-power Interval System, and power is lower
Shi Qidong whole stack system higher cost, the minimum output power of the strategy are that the sum of minimum output power of all subsystems is
4Pmin has obvious shortcoming for low-power section；The output of system more broad power band may be implemented in allocation strategy step by step,
Low-power can significantly improve system effectiveness when exporting, but only reach maximal efficiency at first fuel cell, with
The increase of power grade, overall system efficiency drastically reduce.The current research for more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems both at home and abroad
Relatively fewer, its consistency coordination optimization control does not obtain effective solution, cannot achieve more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems
Stabilised efficiency operation.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention proposes a kind of coordination optimization controlling parties of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems
Method, it is optimal for evaluation index with system whole efficiency, so that entire more shut-down systems is in optimized operation state, guarantees more heap fuel electricity
Pond electricity generation system is run with optimal stabilised efficiency, ensure that the more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems of High-Powered Vehicle it is efficient,
Even running.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of coordination of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems
Optimal control method, comprising steps of
S100 establishes the more stack fuel cell electricity generation system topological structures being made of single stack fuel cell system parallel connection；
S200 calculates single stack fuel cell system efficiency, is changed by single stack fuel cell system efficiency with output power
Relationship obtains more stack fuel cell electricity generation system efficiency；Establish more stack fuel cell electricity generation system whole efficiencies and bearing power
The constraint relationship；
S300 draws practical list stack fuel cell system efficiency with output power change curve according to actual test data,
Control method is distributed by the power adaptive of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems, power reasonable distribution needed for loading is to each
Single stack fuel cell system, it is optimal for evaluation index with system whole efficiency, guarantee more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems with optimal
Stabilised efficiency operation.
Further, establishing more stack fuel cell electricity generation system topological structures in step S100 includes multiple single heap fuel
Battery system is formed using the basic structure of topology in parallel, to increase fuel battery power grade；The list stack fuel cell system
System includes fuel cell pile and DC/DC converter, is connected to direct current mother after the fuel cell pile cascade DC/DC converter
Line, so that each fuel cell pile realizes independent control.
Further, calculating single stack fuel cell system efficiency, single stack fuel cell system efficiency in step s 200
Calculation formula is as follows:
f(stackn)=ηstackn×ηE×ηfuel；
Wherein, f (stackn) be n-th of fuel cell pile efficiency, ηstacknFor turn of n-th of fuel cell pile
Change efficiency, ηEFor the electrical efficiency of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems, ηfuelFor fuel availability, fuel availability is set as 99%-
100%；
Electrical efficiency ηECalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein, PoutnFor the output power of n-th of pile, PauxFor the power for auxiliary machinery of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems.
Further, the electrical efficiency by subsidiary engine includes the electrical efficiency of fuel cell generation of air compressor machine and unidirectional
The electrical efficiency of DC/DC converter.
Further, being obtained in step s 200 by single stack fuel cell system efficiency with output power variation relation
Much stack fuel cell electricity generation system efficiency establishes more stack fuel cell electricity generation system entirety whole efficiencies and bearing power constraint
Relationship such as following formula:
Wherein, f (all) is single stack fuel cell system whole efficiency, P1、P2、…、PnFor each fuel cell pile
Output power, f (P1)、f(P2)、…、f(Pn) it is the corresponding efficiency of each fuel cell pile realtime power, PloadIt is needed for load
Seek power；
Lagrangian is constructed, is enabled
Then have:
Work as P1=P2=...=Pn=PloadWhen/n, f (all) gets one group of optimal solution, i.e., when the pile number of starting determines
Afterwards, the real-time output power of each pile is equal keeps overall system efficiency optimal.
Further, drawing practical list stack fuel cell system efficiency according to actual test data in step S300
With output power change curve: to describe the characteristic curve that more stack fuel cell electricity generation system efficiency change with output power, adopting
It is fitted with efficiency and output power data of the least square polynomial fit method to the single fuel cell pile of acquisition
Corresponding function is obtained, thus the more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems of conformity calculation；
The efficiency of single stack fuel cell system is as follows with the function that output power changes:
F (p)=a*e(b*p)+c*e(d*p)；
Wherein, f (p) is the efficiency of k-th of fuel cell pile with output power change curve, indicates each combustion with above formula
Expect the relationship between the efficiency and output power of battery stack, a, b, c and d are the parameter of fitting.
Further, distributing control by the power adaptive to more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems in step S300
Method processed gives the required power reasonable distribution of load to each pile, optimal for evaluation index with system whole efficiency, guarantees more heaps
Fuel cell generation is run with optimal stabilised efficiency: for each single stack fuel cell system branch, there are identical effects
Rate judges whether to need to put into new branch with output power change curve to supply increased power, that is, determines starting in real time
Pile number；
K single stack fuel cell system is used when the whole efficiency using (k+1) a single stack fuel cell system is equal to
When whole efficiency, the equal corresponding output power of point of efficiency is the power points P that transferstk；As bearing power PloadGreater than turnover
Power PtkWhen, need to put into (k+1) a single stack fuel cell system branch；Work as power PloadLess than turnover power PtkWhen, it bears
Power is carried to be shared jointly by first k single stack fuel cell system；
More stack fuel cell electricity generation systems are in real time according to load situation of change, the number of automatic discrimination starting fluid battery stack
Mesh, and power adaptive distribution is carried out, effective distribution of each pile output power is realized, and optimal with system whole efficiency
For evaluation index, entire more shut-down systems is made to be in optimized operation state.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems, including single stack fuel cell system,
Controller and DC bus, multiple single stack fuel cell systems are connected in parallel on DC bus, connect on DC bus negative
It carries；
The list stack fuel cell system includes fuel cell pile and DC/DC converter, the fuel cell pile grade
DC bus is connected to after connection DC/DC converter, the controller controls the DC/DC transformation in each single stack fuel cell system
Device, so that each fuel cell subsystem realizes independent control, wherein DC/DC variator ensures the output electricity of fuel cell pile
Pressure matches with required DC bus-bar voltage；And control method is distributed by power adaptive, efficiently distribution is each in time
The output electric energy of a fuel cell pile makes entire more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems be in optimum Working, ensure that and is
The whole efficiency of system optimizes, so that vehicle is steady, efficient operation.
Using the technical program the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention considers the problems such as power distribution of the system effectiveness and more heaps including air compressor etc. including subsidiary engines,
It proposes to be applied to high pressure, a kind of more heap parallel connection fuel cell generation efficiency optimization control methods of high power occasion；Pass through
Control is distributed to the power adaptive of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems, gives the required power reasonable distribution of load to each pile,
It is optimal for evaluation index with system whole efficiency, so that entire more shut-down systems is in optimized operation state, guarantees more stack fuel cells
Electricity generation system is run with optimal stabilised efficiency；The efficiency that total system can be effectively improved ensure that High-Powered Vehicle with more heaps
Efficient, the even running of fuel cell generation.
The present invention effectively increases fuel battery power grade, connects after single fuel cell pile cascade DC/DC converter
In DC bus, which makes each fuel cell subsystem realize independent control.
The more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems of the present invention are in real time according to load situation of change, automatic discrimination starting fluid battery electricity
The number of heap, and power adaptive distribution is carried out, effective distribution of each pile output power is realized, and integrally imitate with system
Optimal rate is evaluation index, and entire more shut-down systems is made to be in optimized operation state；Power adaptive proposed by the present invention distributes plan
It slightly can guarantee in output power entire scope close to maximal efficiency, greatly expansion available power range, realize more heap fuel
The optimization of battery generating system full power range internal efficiency, and then it is obviously improved the performance of High-Powered Vehicle.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of coordinating and optimizing control method flow diagram of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems of the invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is stack fuel cell system efficiency single in the embodiment of the present invention with bearing power change curve；
Fig. 4 is power schematic diagram of transferring in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is bearing power change curve in measured power allocation result in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is 1 output power change curve of pile in measured power allocation result in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is 2 output power change curve of pile in measured power allocation result in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is 3 output power change curve of pile in measured power allocation result in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is 4 output power change curve of pile in measured power allocation result in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is testing efficiency correlation curve in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is made into one with reference to the accompanying drawing
Step illustrates.
In the present embodiment, shown in Figure 1, the invention proposes a kind of coordination of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems is excellent
Change control method, comprising steps of
S100 establishes the more stack fuel cell electricity generation system topological structures being made of single stack fuel cell system parallel connection；
S200 calculates single stack fuel cell system efficiency, is changed by single stack fuel cell system efficiency with output power
Relationship obtains more stack fuel cell electricity generation system efficiency；Establish more stack fuel cell electricity generation system whole efficiencies and bearing power
The constraint relationship；
S300 draws practical list stack fuel cell system efficiency with output power change curve according to actual test data,
Control method is distributed by the power adaptive of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems, power reasonable distribution needed for loading is to each
Single stack fuel cell system, it is optimal for evaluation index with system whole efficiency, guarantee more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems with optimal
Stabilised efficiency operation.
As the prioritization scheme of above-described embodiment, more stack fuel cell electricity generation system topological structure packets are established in step S100
Multiple single stack fuel cell systems are included using the basic structure composition of topology in parallel, to increase fuel battery power grade；It is described
Single stack fuel cell system includes fuel cell pile and DC/DC converter, and the fuel cell pile cascades DC/DC converter
After be connected to DC bus so that each fuel cell pile realize independent control.
As the prioritization scheme of above-described embodiment, single stack fuel cell system efficiency, single heap combustion are calculated in step s 200
Expect that battery system efficiency calculation formula is as follows:
f(stackn)=ηstackn×ηE×ηfuel；
Wherein, f (stackn) be n-th of fuel cell pile efficiency, ηstacknFor turn of n-th of fuel cell pile
Change efficiency, ηEFor the electrical efficiency of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems, ηfuelFor fuel availability, fuel availability is set as 99%-
100%；
Electrical efficiency ηECalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein, PoutnFor the output power of n-th of pile, PauxFor the power for auxiliary machinery of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems.Its
In, the electrical efficiency by subsidiary engine include air compressor machine fuel cell generation electrical efficiency and unidirectional DC/DC converter electricity
Efficiency.
More heap fuel electricity are obtained with output power variation relation by single stack fuel cell system efficiency in step s 200
Pond electricity generation system efficiency establishes more stack fuel cell electricity generation system entirety whole efficiencies and bearing power the constraint relationship such as following formula:
Wherein, f (all) is single stack fuel cell system whole efficiency, P1、P2、…、PnFor each fuel cell pile
Output power, f (P1)、f(P2)、…、f(Pn) it is the corresponding efficiency of each fuel cell pile realtime power, PloadIt is needed for load
Seek power；
Lagrangian is constructed, is enabled
Then have:
Work as P1=P2=...=Pn=PloadWhen/n, f (all) gets one group of optimal solution, i.e., when the pile number of starting determines
Afterwards, the real-time output power of each pile is equal keeps overall system efficiency optimal.
As the prioritization scheme of above-described embodiment, according to actual test data in step S300, practical list heap combustion is drawn
Expect battery system efficiency with output power change curve: changing to describe more stack fuel cell electricity generation system efficiency with output power
Characteristic curve, using least square polynomial fit method to the efficiency and output power of the single fuel cell pile of acquisition
Data are fitted to obtain corresponding function, thus the more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems of conformity calculation；
The efficiency of single stack fuel cell system is as follows with the function that output power changes:
F (p)=a*e(b*p)+c*e(d*p)；
Wherein, f (p) is the efficiency of k-th of fuel cell pile with output power change curve, indicates each combustion with above formula
Expect the relationship between the efficiency and output power of battery stack, a, b, c and d are the parameter of fitting.
In step S300, control method is distributed by the power adaptive to more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems, will be born
Power reasonable distribution needed for carrying gives each pile, optimal for evaluation index with system whole efficiency, guarantees more stack fuel cell hairs
Electric system is run with optimal stabilised efficiency: for each single stack fuel cell system branch, there are identical efficiency with output work
Rate change curve judges whether to need to put into new branch to supply increased power, i.e., the determining pile number started in real time；
K single stack fuel cell system is used when the whole efficiency using (k+1) a single stack fuel cell system is equal to
When whole efficiency, the equal corresponding output power of point of efficiency is the power points P that transferstk；As bearing power PloadGreater than turnover
Power PtkWhen, need to put into (k+1) a single stack fuel cell system branch；Work as power PloadLess than turnover power PtkWhen, it bears
Power is carried to be shared jointly by first k single stack fuel cell system；
More stack fuel cell electricity generation systems are in real time according to load situation of change, the number of automatic discrimination starting fluid battery stack
Mesh, and power adaptive distribution is carried out, effective distribution of each pile output power is realized, and optimal with system whole efficiency
For evaluation index, entire more shut-down systems is made to be in optimized operation state.
For the realization for cooperating the method for the present invention, it is based on identical inventive concept, as shown in Fig. 2, the present invention also provides one
The more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems of kind, including single stack fuel cell system, controller and DC bus, multiple single heap fuel
Battery system is connected in parallel on DC bus, and load is connected on DC bus；
The list stack fuel cell system includes fuel cell pile and DC/DC converter, the fuel cell pile grade
DC bus is connected to after connection DC/DC converter, the controller controls the DC/DC transformation in each single stack fuel cell system
Device, so that each fuel cell subsystem realizes independent control, wherein DC/DC variator ensures the output electricity of fuel cell pile
Pressure matches with required DC bus-bar voltage；And control method is distributed by power adaptive, efficiently distribution is each in time
The output electric energy of a fuel cell pile makes entire more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems be in optimum Working, ensure that and is
The whole efficiency of system optimizes, so that vehicle is steady, efficient operation.
The present invention is illustrated by taking 4 pile subsystems as an example, with the increase of bearing power grade, works as PloadReach and turns
Roll over power Pt1Second set of subsystem of Shi Qidong, bearing power are shared jointly by the 1st, 2 piles；Work as PloadReach turnover power Pt2When
Starting third and covers subsystem, bearing power is shared jointly by the 1st, 2,3 piles, and so on.The algorithm compares k before starting in real time
The efficiency size of (k+1) a pile before the efficiency and starting of a pile, and the output power of each pile is distributed in real time, so that whole
Body system effectiveness is obviously improved, and guarantees the efficient operation of vehicle.
Fig. 3 shows single shut-down system efficiency with bearing power change curve.The minimum output of high power fuel cell list shut-down system
Power P min is 6.64kW, and maximum power output Pmax is 133.6kW, it is seen that with incrementally increasing for bearing power, fuel electricity
The efficiency of cell system sharply declines.Individual fuel cells system is with output characteristics is partially soft, load capacity is weaker, system stability
The disadvantages of durability is lower, system effectiveness is lower, output power is limited.
Fig. 4 shows turnover power schematic diagram.For each fuel cell branch, there are identical efficiency to become with output power
Change curve, need to consider whether to need to put into new branch to supply increased power, i.e., the determining pile number started in real time.When
When being equal to the whole efficiency using k stack system using the whole efficiency of (k+1) a stack system, the equal point of efficiency is corresponded to
Output power be transfer power points Ptk.Overall system efficiency when k pile puts into operation is as shown in figure 4, work as bearing power Pload
Greater than turnover power PtkWhen, need to put into (k+1) a fuel cell branch；Work as power PloadLess than turnover power PtkWhen, it bears
Power is carried to be shared jointly by preceding k pile.System in real time according to load situation of change, automatic discrimination starting fluid battery stack
Number, and carry out power adaptive distribution.
Fig. 5-Fig. 9 shows measured power allocation result.The present invention is illustrated by taking 4 pile subsystems as an example, with negative
The increase for carrying power grade, works as PloadReach turnover power Pt1Second set of subsystem of Shi Qidong, bearing power are total to by the 1st, 2 piles
It is same to share；Work as PloadReach turnover power Pt2Shi Qidong third covers subsystem, and bearing power is shared jointly by the 1st, 2,3 piles,
And so on.Fig. 5 is the change curve of bearing power within a certain period of time, and the output power curve of pile 1 to pile 4 is respectively such as
Shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, which compares the effect of (k+1) a pile before the efficiency and starting that start preceding k pile in real time
Rate size, and the output power of each pile is distributed in real time, so that overall system efficiency is obviously improved, guarantee the efficient fortune of vehicle
Row.
Figure 10 shows testing efficiency correlation curve.Analyze the efficiency curve of the power adaptive distribution method, and with it is average
Allocation strategy, allocation strategy compares step by step, and the results are shown in Figure 10.Power applied to more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems is flat
The result of equal allocation strategy is lower in the efficiency of low-power Interval System；Allocation strategy can expand output power range step by step,
When low-power exports, system effectiveness can be significantly improved, but only reach maximal efficiency at first fuel cell, with
The increase of power grade, next stage fuel cell put into operation, and the efficiency of more stack fuel cell electricity generation system entirety is in every grade of fuel electricity
Trend in the operation interval of pond is first increases and then decreases；Margin adaptive optimization can guarantee in output power entire scope
Close to maximal efficiency, greatly expansion available power range, more stack fuel cell electricity generation system full power range internal efficiencies are realized
Optimization, and then be obviously improved the performance of High-Powered Vehicle.When low-power exports, margin adaptive optimization and distribute step by step
Strategy can significantly improve system effectiveness, be rapidly achieved maximal efficiency output.When high-power output, margin adaptive optimization
It is overlapped with the efficiency curve of mean allocation strategy, is since margin adaptive optimization has been turned on whole piles at this time.When negative
It carries power grade to continue to increase, also has been turned on whole piles until distributing step by step, the efficiency of three kinds of power distribution strategies is with output
Changed power curve has crosspoint.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of coordinating and optimizing control method of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
S100 establishes the more stack fuel cell electricity generation system topological structures being made of single stack fuel cell system parallel connection；
S200 calculates single stack fuel cell system efficiency, by single stack fuel cell system efficiency with output power variation relation,
Obtain more stack fuel cell electricity generation system efficiency；It establishes more stack fuel cell electricity generation system whole efficiencies and bearing power constraint is closed
System；
S300 draws practical list stack fuel cell system efficiency with output power change curve, passes through according to actual test data
The power adaptive of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems distributes control method, and power reasonable distribution needed for loading is to each single heap
Fuel cell system, it is optimal for evaluation index with system whole efficiency, guarantee more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems with optimal effect
Rate stable operation.
2. a kind of coordinating and optimizing control method of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems according to claim 1, feature exist
In establishing more stack fuel cell electricity generation system topological structures in step S100 includes multiple single stack fuel cell systems using in parallel
The basic structure composition of topology, to increase fuel battery power grade；The list stack fuel cell system includes fuel cell electricity
Heap and DC/DC converter, the fuel cell pile is connected to DC bus after cascading DC/DC converter, so that each fuel
Battery stack realizes independent control.
3. a kind of coordinating and optimizing control method of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems according to claim 2, feature exist
In the single stack fuel cell system efficiency of calculating, single stack fuel cell system efficiency calculation formula are as follows in step s 200:
f(stackn)=ηstackn×ηE×ηfuel；
Wherein, f (stackn) be n-th of fuel cell pile efficiency, ηstacknFor the conversion effect of n-th of fuel cell pile
Rate, ηEFor the electrical efficiency of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems, ηfuelFor fuel availability, fuel availability is set as 99%-
100%；
Electrical efficiency ηECalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein, PoutnFor the output power of n-th of pile, PauxFor the power for auxiliary machinery of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems.
4. a kind of coordinating and optimizing control method of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems according to claim 3, feature exist
In, the electrical efficiency by subsidiary engine include air compressor machine fuel cell generation electrical efficiency and unidirectional DC/DC converter electricity
Efficiency.
5. a kind of coordinating and optimizing control method of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems according to claim 4, feature exist
In obtaining more stack fuel cells hairs with output power variation relation by single stack fuel cell system efficiency in step s 200
Electric system efficiency establishes more stack fuel cell electricity generation system entirety whole efficiencies and bearing power the constraint relationship such as following formula:
Wherein, f (all) is single stack fuel cell system whole efficiency, P1、P2、…、PnFor the output of each fuel cell pile
Power, f (P1)、f(P2)、…、f(Pn) it is the corresponding efficiency of each fuel cell pile realtime power, PloadFor loading demand function
Rate；
Lagrangian is constructed, is enabled
Then have:
Work as P1=P2=...=Pn=PloadWhen/n, f (all) gets one group of optimal solution, i.e., after the pile number of starting determines, respectively
The real-time output power of a pile is equal to keep overall system efficiency optimal.
6. a kind of coordinating and optimizing control method of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems according to claim 5, feature exist
In, according to actual test data in step S300, draw practical list stack fuel cell system efficiency change with output power it is bent
Line: to describe the characteristic curve that more stack fuel cell electricity generation system efficiency change with output power, using least square multinomial
Approximating method is fitted to obtain corresponding function to the efficiency and output power data of the single fuel cell pile of acquisition, from
And the more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems of conformity calculation；
The efficiency of single stack fuel cell system is as follows with the function that output power changes:
F (p)=a*e(b*p)+c*e(d*p)；
Wherein, f (p) is the efficiency of k-th of fuel cell pile with output power change curve, indicates each fuel electricity with above formula
Relationship between the efficiency and output power of pond pile, a, b, c and d are the parameter of fitting.
7. a kind of coordinating and optimizing control method of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems according to claim 6, feature exist
In, in step S300, control method is distributed by the power adaptive to more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems, it will be needed for load
Power reasonable distribution gives each pile, optimal for evaluation index with system whole efficiency, guarantees more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems
Run with optimal stabilised efficiency: for each single stack fuel cell system branch, there are identical efficiency to change with output power
Curve judges whether to need to put into new branch to supply increased power, i.e., the determining pile number started in real time；
When the whole efficiency using (k+1) a single stack fuel cell system is equal to the entirety using k single stack fuel cell system
When efficiency, the equal corresponding output power of point of efficiency is the power points P that transferstk；As bearing power PloadGreater than turnover power
PtkWhen, need to put into (k+1) a single stack fuel cell system branch；Work as power PloadLess than turnover power PtkWhen, load function
Rate is shared jointly by first k single stack fuel cell system；
More stack fuel cell electricity generation systems in real time according to load situation of change, the number of automatic discrimination starting fluid battery stack,
And power adaptive distribution is carried out, effective distribution of each pile output power is realized, and be so that system whole efficiency is optimal
Evaluation index makes entire more shut-down systems be in optimized operation state.
8. a kind of more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems, based on any the proposed coordinating and optimizing control method of claim 1-7,
It is characterized in that, including single stack fuel cell system, controller and DC bus, multiple single stack fuel cell systems are connected in parallel on
On DC bus, load is connected on DC bus；
The list stack fuel cell system includes fuel cell pile and DC/DC converter, and the fuel cell pile cascades DC/
DC bus is connected to after DC converter, the controller controls the DC/DC converter in each single stack fuel cell system, so that
Each fuel cell subsystem realizes independent control, and wherein DC/DC variator ensures output voltage and the institute of fuel cell pile
The DC bus-bar voltage needed matches；And control method is distributed by power adaptive, efficiently distributes each fuel in time
The output electric energy of battery stack makes entire more stack fuel cell electricity generation systems be in optimum Working, ensure that the whole of system
Body efficiency optimization, so that vehicle is steady, efficient operation.
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