CN115050996B - Air supply method and air supply system for fuel cell - Google Patents
Air supply method and air supply system for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN115050996B CN115050996B CN202210536694.5A CN202210536694A CN115050996B CN 115050996 B CN115050996 B CN 115050996B CN 202210536694 A CN202210536694 A CN 202210536694A CN 115050996 B CN115050996 B CN 115050996B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
- F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04111—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants using a compressor turbine assembly
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04776—Pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an air supply method and an air supply system of a fuel cell, which belong to the field of fuel cell systems, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map of an air compressor, and acquiring the current output power of a fuel cell system in real time; calculating an initial air inlet pressure ratio and an initial air outlet flow required by the air compressor according to the current output power; calculating the expected efficiency of different numbers of air compressors running simultaneously according to the initial air inlet pressure ratio and the initial air outlet flow based on an equivalent rate curve and an equal speed curve on a pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map; acquiring a corresponding air supply strategy according to the predicted efficiency with the highest efficiency value, and taking the corresponding air supply strategy as an optimal strategy; and setting the running state, the rotating speed, the real-time air inlet pressure ratio and the real-time air outlet flow of all the air compressors secondarily according to the optimal strategy. By the treatment scheme, the efficiency of the air supply loop of the fuel cell is improved, the energy consumption of the whole machine is reduced, and the efficiency of the whole machine system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of fuel cell systems, and more particularly, to a fuel cell air supply method and a fuel cell air supply system.
Background
The air compressor is an important component of the air supply system of the fuel cell, and by pressurizing air, the power density and efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved, and the size of the fuel cell system can be reduced. However, the efficiency interval of the fuel cell air compressor system is usually only a relatively narrow area belonging to the high efficiency interval, and the air compressor systems in other intervals are all in the low efficiency operation interval. Therefore, the air compressor system often operates in an inefficient operating region, so that the overall air supply system is inefficient, and the range of available power cells is relatively narrow.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, in order to overcome the above-described drawbacks of the prior art, the present application provides an air supply method of a fuel cell and an air supply system of a fuel cell that improve the efficiency of an air supply circuit of the fuel cell, reduce the overall power consumption, and improve the efficiency of the overall system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides an air supply method of a fuel cell, comprising: acquiring a pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map of an air compressor, and acquiring the current output power of a fuel cell system in real time; calculating an initial air inlet pressure ratio and an initial air outlet flow required by the air compressor according to the current output power; calculating the expected efficiency of different numbers of air compressors running simultaneously according to the initial air inlet pressure ratio and the initial air outlet flow based on an equivalent rate curve and an equal speed curve on a pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map; acquiring a corresponding air supply strategy according to the predicted efficiency with the highest efficiency value, and taking the corresponding air supply strategy as an optimal strategy; and setting the running state, the rotating speed, the real-time air inlet pressure ratio and the real-time air outlet flow of all the air compressors secondarily according to the optimal strategy.
In one embodiment, the pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map is a three-dimensional map drawn from an equal speed curve and a plurality of equivalent rate curves.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: acquiring the changed output power of the fuel cell system in real time; judging whether the air compressor is positioned in a low-efficiency zone or not according to the real-time air inlet pressure ratio and the real-time air outlet flow based on an equivalent rate curve and an equal speed curve on a pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map; when the air compressor is judged to be positioned in a low-efficiency zone, acquiring a corresponding air supply strategy according to an equivalent rate curve and an equal speed curve on a pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map and the changed output power to serve as an optimal strategy; and setting the running state, the rotating speed, the real-time air inlet pressure ratio and the real-time air outlet flow of all the air compressors secondarily according to the optimal strategy.
An air supply system for a fuel cell, comprising: the air compressors are connected in parallel and are arranged independently; and the fuel system controller is used for controlling the operation of the air compressor according to the method.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that: the air compressor system is controlled to operate in the high-efficiency section as much as possible under different system powers by means of the parallel connection mode of the air compressor systems, and therefore the high-efficiency operation section of the air compressor system is enlarged, and the purposes of improving the efficiency of an air supply loop of a fuel cell, reducing the energy consumption of the whole machine and improving the efficiency of the whole machine system are achieved. And the air supply system has expandability, and the air compressor unit is easy to be compatible with electric stacks with different power levels, so that the application range is also increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell and air supply system in an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of air supply in an embodiment of the application; and
FIG. 3 is a pressure ratio-flow-efficiency graph in an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Other advantages and effects of the present disclosure will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes embodiments of the present disclosure by way of specific examples. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all embodiments of the present disclosure. The disclosure may be embodied or practiced in other different specific embodiments, and details within the subject specification may be modified or changed from various points of view and applications without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort, based on the embodiments in this disclosure are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure.
It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the following claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the present disclosure, one skilled in the art will appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspect, and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented and/or a method practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, such apparatus may be implemented and/or such methods practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.
It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concepts of the disclosure by way of illustration, and only the components related to the disclosure are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
In addition, in the following description, specific details are provided in order to provide a thorough understanding of the examples. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the aspects may be practiced without these specific details.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fuel cell 6 and an air supply system. The air supply system includes an air compressor unit 3 composed of a plurality of air compressors, and a fuel system controller 8. The fuel system controller 8 may drive the air filter 1, the air compressor controller 2, the air compressor unit 3, the intercooler 4, the humidifier 5, the back pressure valve 7, and the like in the air supply system. Air enters the air compressor unit 3 from the air filter 1 to be compressed, then sequentially enters the fuel cell 6 through the intercooler 4 and the humidifier 5, is discharged through the back pressure valve 7 after being reacted in the fuel cell 6, and the back pressure valve 7 is communicated with the exhaust port. The air demand flow rate into the stack is determined by the output power of the fuel cell 6, and the air actual flow rate is controlled by the back pressure valve 7 and the air compressor unit 3.
An electric power circuit is arranged in front of the air compressor controller 2 and the air compressor unit 3, and the air compressor controller 2 can realize electric control of the air compressor unit 3, so that the running state, the rotating speed, the real-time air inlet pressure ratio and the real-time air outlet flow of all the air compressors are set. The fuel system controller 8 may generate a control signal for controlling the power of the air compressor and a control signal for controlling the opening of the back pressure valve 7, respectively, and may correspondingly transmit the control signals to the air compressor controller 2 and the back pressure valve 7, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, the present application also provides an air supply method of a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
step 201, acquiring a pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map of an air compressor, and acquiring the current output power of a fuel cell system in real time; the map of pressure ratio-flow rate-efficiency may be stored in advance in the fuel system controller 8, and the fuel system controller 8 may be an editable chip having an arithmetic function, or an arithmetic chip such as a GPU or a CPU. The pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map may be a plan view or a three-dimensional map, etc., as long as it can be recognized by the chip. The current output power may be the actual power value or the theoretical power value required by the fuel cell. When the fuel cell is initially started, the current output power is a theoretical power value.
Step 202, calculating an initial air inlet pressure ratio and an initial air outlet flow required by an air compressor according to the current output power.
Step 203, calculating the expected efficiency of different numbers of air compressors running simultaneously according to the initial air inlet pressure ratio and the initial air outlet flow based on the equivalent rate curve and the constant speed curve on the pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map.
Step 204, obtaining a corresponding air supply strategy according to the predicted efficiency with the highest efficiency value, and taking the air supply strategy as an optimal strategy; the fuel system controller 8 may screen the calculated estimated efficiency and obtain a corresponding air supply strategy as an optimal strategy according to the estimated efficiency with the highest efficiency value.
And 205, secondarily setting the running state, the rotating speed, the real-time air inlet pressure ratio and the real-time air outlet flow of the back pressure valve 7 of all the air compressors according to the optimal strategy.
According to the method and the system, the operation mode of the air compressor system parallel unit is controlled according to the output power, so that the air compressor can operate in the high-efficiency section as much as possible under different system powers, the high-efficiency operation section of the air compressor system is enlarged, and the purposes of improving the efficiency of the air supply loop of the fuel cell, reducing the energy consumption of the whole machine and improving the efficiency of the whole machine system are achieved. And the air supply system has expandability, and the air compressor unit is easy to be compatible with electric stacks with different power levels, so that the application range is also increased.
In one embodiment, the pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map is a three-dimensional map drawn from an equal velocity curve and a plurality of equivalent rate curves. The constant speed curve is obtained according to the characteristics of the air compressor and experimental data, and the equivalent rate curve is obtained according to the experimental data. The number of equivalent rate curves is at least 5.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of:
acquiring the changed output power of the fuel cell system in real time;
judging whether the air compressor is positioned in a low-efficiency interval or not according to the real-time air inlet pressure ratio and the real-time air outlet flow based on an equivalent rate curve and an equal speed curve on the pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map;
when the air compressor is judged to be positioned in the low-efficiency zone, the corresponding air supply strategy is obtained again according to the equivalent rate curve and the constant speed curve on the pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map by changing the output power, and the air supply strategy is taken as the optimal strategy; in this step, the fuel system controller 8 may re-execute steps 201-204 until the optimal strategy is obtained;
and setting the running state, the rotating speed, the real-time air inlet pressure ratio and the real-time air outlet flow of all the air compressors secondarily according to the optimal strategy.
The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the disclosure, but the protection scope of the disclosure is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the disclosure are intended to be covered by the protection scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. An air supply method of a fuel cell, comprising:
acquiring a pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map of an air compressor, and acquiring the current output power of a fuel cell system in real time;
calculating an initial air inlet pressure ratio and an initial air outlet flow required by the air compressor according to the current output power;
calculating the expected efficiency of different numbers of air compressors running simultaneously according to the initial air inlet pressure ratio and the initial air outlet flow based on an equivalent rate curve and an equal speed curve on a pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map;
acquiring a corresponding air supply strategy according to the predicted efficiency with the highest efficiency value, and taking the corresponding air supply strategy as an optimal strategy;
and setting the running state, the rotating speed, the real-time air inlet pressure ratio and the real-time air outlet flow of all the air compressors secondarily according to the optimal strategy.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map is a three-dimensional map drawn from an equal speed curve and a plurality of equivalence curves.
3. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring the changed output power of the fuel cell system in real time;
judging whether the air compressor is positioned in a low-efficiency zone or not according to the real-time air inlet pressure ratio and the real-time air outlet flow based on an equivalent rate curve and an equal speed curve on a pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map;
when the air compressor is judged to be positioned in the low-efficiency zone, a corresponding air supply strategy is obtained again according to the equivalent rate curve and the constant speed curve on the pressure ratio-flow-efficiency map and the changed output power to be used as an optimal strategy;
and setting the running state, the rotating speed, the real-time air inlet pressure ratio and the real-time air outlet flow of all the air compressors secondarily according to the optimal strategy.
4. An air supply system for a fuel cell, comprising:
the air compressors are connected in parallel and are arranged independently;
a fuel system controller controlling the operation of the air compressor according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210536694.5A CN115050996B (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Air supply method and air supply system for fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210536694.5A CN115050996B (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Air supply method and air supply system for fuel cell |
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| CN115050996A CN115050996A (en) | 2022-09-13 |
| CN115050996B true CN115050996B (en) | 2023-10-17 |
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| CN112747489B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2023-06-13 | 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 | Multi-machine-head water chilling unit and control method |
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