CN212407062U

CN212407062U - Fuel cell air compressor

Info

Publication number: CN212407062U
Application number: CN202021190948.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕鹏; 冯凯; 曹施鹏
Original assignee: Shanghai Youshe Power Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Youshe Power Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-24
Filing date: 2020-06-24
Publication date: 2021-01-26
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-24

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of turbine machinery, in particular to a fuel cell air compressor, which comprises a motor, an air compressor body, a turbine expander and a fuel cell system; the air compressor body comprises a compressor volute, a rotating shaft and an impeller; the turbine expander comprises a turbine and an expander volute, and the air compressor body is communicated with the turbine expander through a fuel cell system; the motor is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft through a coupler. This fuel cell air compressor machine separately arranges the impeller of air compressor machine body and the turbine of turboexpander with be used for driving impeller pivoted motor to shorten the length of the rotor of motor, thereby the rotor dynamics stability among this fuel cell air compressor machine of effectual promotion, with the critical rotational speed of the crooked mode that improves the rotor, and turboexpander can utilize the exhaust waste gas of fuel cell system to do work, under the condition that does not change the output of motor, promotes fuel cell system's efficiency.

Description

Fuel cell air compressor

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of turbo machinery, concretely relates to fuel cell air compressor machine.

Background

The fuel cell converts chemical energy of hydrogen and air (oxygen) into electric energy in an electrochemical reaction mode through a proton exchange membrane, and then drives a vehicle to run through a motor. The air compressor is used as a core component of the cathode air supply system of the fuel cell, and is used for increasing the air input and pressure of air in the fuel cell by pressurizing the air entering the fuel cell, providing compressed air with certain temperature, pressure and flow for the electric pile and further improving the power density and efficiency of the fuel cell.

The high-power fuel cell system (power >120kW) needs high air pressure ratio and high flow rate, so a technical scheme of higher rotating speed or multi-stage compression is often needed;

however, in the direct-drive type bipolar centrifugal air compressor, as the requirements for power and rotating speed are increased, the rotor dynamics characteristics in the system are difficult to meet, which brings great technical bottleneck to the direct-drive type multistage centrifugal compressor and also causes high design and manufacturing cost. Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art to provide a high-efficiency fuel cell air compressor with low design and manufacturing cost.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem that prior art exists, the utility model provides a fuel cell air compressor machine to solve the kinetic characteristic of the rotor among the direct drive type fuel cell system that exists among the prior art and hardly satisfy the requirement, and lead to the technical problem that the design cost and the manufacturing cost of fuel cell air compressor machine are high.

The utility model discloses a following technical scheme specifically realizes:

a fuel cell air compressor comprises a motor, an air compressor body, a turbo expander and a fuel cell system;

the air compressor body comprises a compressor volute, a rotating shaft and an impeller, the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the compressor volute, and the impeller is arranged on the rotating shaft;

the turbine expander comprises a turbine and an expander volute, the expander volute is arranged at one end, far away from the motor, of the compressor volute, the turbine is arranged in the expander volute and is connected with the rotating shaft, and the air compressor body is communicated with the turbine expander through the fuel cell system;

the motor is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft through a coupler.

In order to better realize the utility model discloses, do further optimization in above-mentioned structure, the motor includes casing, stator and rotor, the casing with the compressor spiral case is connected, the stator sets up in the casing, the rotor rotates and sets up in the stator, the rotor with the pivot is passed through the coupling joint.

In order to better realize the utility model discloses, do further optimization in above-mentioned structure, the casing includes shell, front end housing and rear end cap, the front end housing with the rear end cap sets up respectively the both ends of shell, erect respectively at the both ends of rotor the front end housing with on the rear end cap.

In order to better realize the utility model discloses, do further optimization in above-mentioned structure, the shell with be provided with inlet channel between the stator, be provided with the inlet port on the front end housing, the inlet port with inlet channel intercommunication, be provided with the venthole on the rear end cap, inlet channel passes through the venthole with air compressor machine body intercommunication.

In order to achieve the invention in a better way, it is further preferred in the above-mentioned construction that the stator is provided with cooling fins towards one side of the inlet channel.

In order to better realize the utility model discloses, do further optimization in above-mentioned structure, the front end housing the rear end housing the compressor spiral case with all be provided with the air foil bearing on the expander spiral case, the rotor passes through the air foil bearing rotates to set up on the casing, the both ends of pivot are all passed through the air foil bearing sets up respectively the compressor spiral case with the expander spiral case.

In order to better realize the utility model, the structure is further optimized, and the rotating shaft is provided with a thrust disc.

For a better realisation the invention is further optimised in the above-mentioned structure, the two sides of the thrust disc are all provided with thrust air foil bearings.

For better realization the utility model discloses, do further optimization in above-mentioned structure, the air compressor machine body includes one-level air compressor machine and second grade air compressor machine, the gas outlet of one-level air compressor machine passes through the second grade air compressor machine with fuel cell system's import intercommunication.

In order to better realize the utility model, the structure is further optimized, the front end cover and the rear end cover are respectively provided with an air foil bearing, and the rotor is rotatably arranged on the shell through the air foil bearing; the compressor volute and the expander volute are both provided with radial floating ring bearings, and two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably arranged on the compressor volute and the expander volute through the radial floating ring bearings.

To sum up, the utility model discloses following technological effect has:

this fuel cell air compressor machine separately arranges the impeller of air compressor machine body and the turbine of turboexpander with be used for driving impeller pivoted motor to shorten the length of the rotor of motor, thereby the rotor dynamics stability among this fuel cell air compressor machine of effectual promotion, and then improve the critical rotational speed of crooked mode of rotor, and turboexpander can utilize the exhaust waste gas of fuel cell system to do work, under the condition that does not change the output of motor, promotes fuel cell system's efficiency.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell air compressor of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor in the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the air compressor body of the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a rotor and a rotating shaft in the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an impeller of the air compressor for a fuel cell according to the second embodiment;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rotary shaft of the air compressor of the fuel cell according to the third embodiment.

Reference numerals:

1. a motor; 11. a housing; 111. a housing; 112. a front end cover; 113. an air inlet; 114. a rear end cap; 115. an air outlet; 12. a stator; 13. a rotor; 14. a heat sink; 15. an air intake passage; 16. an air foil bearing;

2. an air compressor body; 21. a compressor volute; 22. a rotating shaft; 23. an impeller; 24. a thrust disc; 25. a thrust air foil bearing; 26. a radial floating ring bearing;

3. a turbo-expander; 31. a turbine; 32. an expander volute;

4. a coupling;

5. a fuel cell system.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

fig. 1 to 4 show:

a fuel cell air compressor comprises a motor 1, an air compressor body 2, a turbo expander 3 and a fuel cell system 5;

the air compressor body 2 comprises a compressor volute 21, a rotating shaft 22 and an impeller 23, wherein the rotating shaft 22 is rotatably arranged in the compressor volute 21, and the impeller 23 is arranged on the rotating shaft 22;

the turbo expander 3 comprises a turbine 31 and an expander volute 32, the expander volute 32 is arranged at one end of the compressor volute 21 far away from the motor 1, the turbine 31 is arranged in the expander volute 32, the turbine 31 is connected with the rotating shaft 22, and the air compressor body 2 is communicated with the turbo expander 3 through the fuel cell system 5;

the motor 1 is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 22 through a coupler 4.

In the fuel cell air compressor with the structure, the impeller 23 of the air compressor body 2 and the turbine 21 of the turbine expander 3 are arranged separately from the motor 1 for driving the impeller 23 to rotate, so that the length of the rotor 13 of the motor 1 is shortened, the dynamic stability of the rotor 13 in the fuel cell air compressor is effectively improved, the bending mode critical rotating speed of the rotor 13 is further improved, and the fuel cell air compressor can meet the requirement of a high-power fuel cell system 5;

and the turboexpander 3 can convert the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell system 5 into power for driving the impeller 23 to rotate, so that the air intake efficiency of the air compressor body 2 is further improved under the condition of not changing the power of the motor 1, and the efficiency of the fuel cell system 5 is improved.

Preferably, the electric machine 1 described above comprises a housing 11, a stator 12 and a rotor 13; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the housing 11 is connected with the compressor volute 21, the stator 12 is fixedly arranged in the housing 11, the rotor 13 is rotatably arranged in the housing 11 through the stator 12, and the rotor 13 is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 22 through the coupling 4, so that the rotor 13 and the rotating shaft 22 can rotate synchronously.

Preferably, the housing 11 of the motor 1 includes a casing 111, a front cover 112 and a rear cover 114, the front cover 112 and the rear cover 114 are respectively disposed at two ends of the casing 111 and fixed to the casing 111 by bolts or screws, the compressor volute 21 and the rear cover 114 are connected and fixed, and two ends of the rotor 13 are respectively mounted on the front cover 112 and the rear cover 114 by bearings, so that the rotor 13 can freely rotate in the casing 111.

Optimally, an air inlet channel 15 is arranged between the shell 111 and the stator 12, and a cooling fin 14 is arranged on one side of the stator 12, which is positioned on the air inlet channel 15; the front end cover 112 is provided with an air inlet hole 113, the rear end cover 114 is provided with an air outlet hole 115, and the air inlet hole 113 is communicated with an air inlet on the compressor volute 21 through an air inlet channel 15 and the air outlet hole 115 in sequence;

when the fuel cell air compressor works, the motor 1 can drive the impeller 23 in the air compressor body 2 to rotate, at the moment, external air enters the compressor volute 21 from the air inlet 113 on the front end cover 112, the air inlet channel 15 and the air outlet 115 on the rear end cover 114 in sequence under the action of the impeller 23, and when the external air passes through the air inlet channel 15, the air can replace heat transferred from the motor 1 to the radiating fins 14, so that the temperature of the motor 1 is reduced, and the motor 1 can keep a good working state for a long time;

and the air absorbing the heat emitted from the motor 1 enters the air compressor body to be compressed and then is sent to the fuel cell to provide the fuel cell system 5 with compressed air with a certain temperature, so as to improve the efficiency of the fuel cell system 5.

Preferably, the bearings on the front end cover 112 and the rear end cover 114 are both air foil bearings 16, the compressor volute 21 and the expander volute 32 are also provided with the air foil bearings 16, and both ends of the rotating shaft 22 are respectively rotatably arranged on the compressor volute 21 and the expander volute 32 through the air foil bearings 16, and the air foil bearings 16 have the advantages of low noise, no abrasion, no maintenance, compact structure, light weight and the like, so as to reduce the loss and the maintenance cost of the fuel cell air compressor.

Preferably, the thrust disc 24 is disposed on the rotating shaft 22, and the thrust disc 24 can effectively balance the axial forces of the impeller 23 and the turbine 31, so that the fuel cell air compressor is more stable in operation.

Preferably, the thrust air foil bearings 25 are arranged on both sides of the thrust disc 24, and the thrust air foil bearings 25 can reduce friction between the thrust disc 24 and the compressor volute 21, so that the fuel cell air compressor can work more smoothly.

Example two:

as shown in fig. 1 to 5:

as a further optimization of the above embodiment, the air compressor body 2 includes a primary air compressor and a secondary air compressor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the air inlet passage 15 is communicated with the inlet of the fuel cell system 5 sequentially through the primary air compressor and the secondary air compressor, that is, the air passages of the primary air compressor and the secondary air compressor are communicated in series, so that the pressure ratio and the flow rate of air entering the fuel cell system 5 are improved, and the power of the fuel cell system 5 is further improved.

It should be noted that the number of the primary air compressors and the secondary air compressors may be set to be multiple, and a plurality of primary air compressors and secondary air compressors are sequentially connected in series, so that the pressure ratio and the flow rate of air entering the fuel cell system 5 are improved, and the power of the fuel cell system 5 is improved; and the quantity of the primary air compressors and the secondary air compressors can be selected according to actual requirements and equipment strength.

Example three:

fig. 1 to 6 show:

a fuel cell air compressor, there are air foil bearings 16 on the front end cap 112 and rear end cap 114 in its electrical machinery, the above-mentioned trochanter is set up in the body 11 rotatably through the air foil bearing 16, there are radial floating ring bearings 26 on the above-mentioned compressor volute 21 and expander volute 32, both ends of the spindle 22 are set up on compressor volute 21 and expander volute 32 rotatably through the radial floating ring bearing 26.

Preferably, the rotating shaft 22 is further provided with a thrust floating ring bearing to better balance the axial force of the impeller 23 and the turbine 31, so that the operation of the fuel cell air compressor is more stable; the installation mode of the radial floating ring bearing 26 and the thrust floating ring bearing is completely the same as the structure of a turboexpander on an automobile in the prior art, so that the design and manufacturing difficulty of the fuel cell air compressor is reduced.

In addition, the structure of the fuel cell air compressor in this embodiment is completely the same as that of the fuel cell air compressor described in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and details are not repeated here, and specific reference may be made to the contents described in the first embodiment or the second embodiment.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a fuel cell air compressor machine which characterized in that: comprises a motor (1), an air compressor body (2), a turbine expander (3) and a fuel cell system (5);

the air compressor body (2) comprises a compressor volute (21), a rotating shaft (22) and an impeller (23), the rotating shaft (22) is rotatably arranged in the compressor volute (21), and the impeller (23) is arranged on the rotating shaft (22);

the turbo expander (3) comprises a turbine (31) and an expander volute (32), the expander volute (32) is arranged at one end of the compressor volute (21) far away from the motor (1), the turbine (31) is arranged in the expander volute (32), the turbine (31) is connected with the rotating shaft (22), and the air compressor body (2) is communicated with the turbo expander (3) through the fuel cell system (5);

the motor (1) is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft (22) through a coupler (4).

2. The fuel cell air compressor of claim 1, wherein: the motor (1) comprises a shell (11), a stator (12) and a rotor (13), the shell (11) is connected with a compressor volute (21), the stator (12) is arranged in the shell (11), the rotor (13) is rotatably arranged in the stator (12), and the rotor (13) is connected with a rotating shaft (22) through a shaft coupling (4).

3. The fuel cell air compressor of claim 2, wherein: the shell (11) comprises a shell (111), a front end cover (112) and a rear end cover (114), wherein the front end cover (112) and the rear end cover (114) are arranged at two ends of the shell (111) respectively, and two ends of the rotor (13) are erected on the front end cover (112) and the rear end cover (114) respectively.

4. The fuel cell air compressor of claim 3, wherein: an air inlet channel (15) is arranged between the shell (111) and the stator (12), an air inlet hole (113) is formed in the front end cover (112), the air inlet hole (113) is communicated with the air inlet channel (15), an air outlet hole (115) is formed in the rear end cover (114), and the air inlet channel (15) is communicated with the air compressor body (2) through the air outlet hole (115).

5. The fuel cell air compressor of claim 4, wherein: and a cooling fin (14) is arranged on one side of the stator (12) facing the air inlet channel (15).

6. The fuel cell air compressor of claim 5, wherein: the front end cover (112), the rear end cover (114), the compressor volute (21) and the expander volute (32) are all provided with air foil bearings (16), the rotor (13) is rotatably arranged on the shell (11) through the air foil bearings (16), and two ends of the rotating shaft (22) are respectively arranged on the compressor volute (21) and the expander volute (32) through the air foil bearings (16).

7. The fuel cell air compressor of claim 6, wherein: the rotating shaft (22) is provided with a thrust disc (24).

8. The fuel cell air compressor of claim 7, wherein: thrust air foil bearings (25) are arranged on two sides of the thrust disc (24).

9. The fuel cell air compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the air compressor body (2) comprises a primary air compressor and a secondary air compressor, and an air outlet of the primary air compressor is communicated with an inlet of the fuel cell system (5) through the secondary air compressor.

10. The fuel cell air compressor of claim 5, wherein: the front end cover (112) and the rear end cover (114) are respectively provided with an air foil bearing (16), and the rotor (13) is rotatably arranged on the shell (11) through the air foil bearing (16); radial floating ring bearings (26) are arranged on the compressor volute (21) and the expander volute (32), and two ends of the rotating shaft (22) are respectively rotatably arranged on the compressor volute (21) and the expander volute (32) through the radial floating ring bearings (26).