CN210461110U - Special direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor for vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell - Google Patents
Special direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor for vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN210461110U CN210461110U CN201921562667.5U CN201921562667U CN210461110U CN 210461110 U CN210461110 U CN 210461110U CN 201921562667 U CN201921562667 U CN 201921562667U CN 210461110 U CN210461110 U CN 210461110U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a special high-speed centrifugal air compressor machine that directly drives of on-vehicle hydrogen fuel cell drives through the motor, including hollow motor spindle, impeller pull rod, spiral case, end cover, electric motor rotor, motor stator, baffle, motor spindle supports with simple beam structure form, motor spindle's both ends are equipped with the impeller pull rod, the impeller is connected the impeller pull rod, the spiral case is located in the impeller, the end cover with the spiral case is connected, motor rotor locates on the motor spindle, motor stator locates the motor rotor is outside, the baffle is located the motor rotor both sides. The utility model discloses technical scheme's special high-speed centrifugal air compressor machine that directly drives of on-vehicle hydrogen fuel cell can satisfy the requirement of fuel cell air compressor machine completely, has solved the yielding defect of rotor tremble among the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a hydrogen fuel cell field especially relates to a special high-speed centrifugal air compressor that directly drives of on-vehicle hydrogen fuel cell.
Background
With the increasing prominence of the problems of energy shortage and environmental destruction, hydrogen fuel cell technology is receiving more and more attention. The hydrogen fuel cell is a device for directly converting chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electric energy through electrode reaction, and chemical reaction products of the hydrogen fuel cell are mainly water, so that real zero pollution is realized. Meanwhile, the energy conversion efficiency can reach 60-80% because of no restriction of Carnot cycle. The hydrogen fuel cell has the characteristics of high efficiency, no pollution, wide usability, low noise and the like, and is considered as an automobile power source which is most likely to replace the traditional internal combustion engine in the future.
As a core component of a cathode air supply system of the fuel cell, an air compressor boosts air entering a fuel cell stack to increase air (oxygen) intake amount, so that the power density and efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved. In other words, the fuel cell system can be reduced in size and miniaturized on the premise of ensuring that the fuel cell realizes the same power, and the requirement of lightening the automobile power system is met. The air compressor is directly driven by a motor, consumes the power of the fuel cell automobile, accounts for about 80% of the auxiliary power consumption of the fuel cell, and the performance of the air compressor directly influences the efficiency and compactness of a fuel cell system.
To achieve high energy conversion efficiency, the chemical reaction inside the fuel cell has strict requirements on parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure and flow rate of air. However, the industrial compressor widely used at present cannot meet the requirement of the fuel cell on air. Therefore, the design of an air compressor which has excellent performance and can be well matched with a fuel cell system is important for the development of the fuel cell.
At present, a centrifugal air compressor generally adopts a mode of directly driving by a motor, a motor shaft end is fixedly connected with a centrifugal impeller, and the impeller is arranged in a volute. Under the drive of the high-speed motor, the impeller rotates to compress air to generate high-pressure and large-flow air for chemical reaction in the fuel cell stack.
The air compressor special for the vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell is required to have no oil, impurities and hydrocarbons in the compression process, the existing traditional rolling and sliding oil bearing cannot meet the requirements, the intervention of oily substances can seriously influence the catalytic action of a hydrogen fuel cell catalyst, and the power output of the hydrogen fuel cell is reduced; meanwhile, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell is required to be miniaturized and lightened, the whole size of the air compressor is required to be as small as possible, the high-rotation-speed air compressor is required to meet the flow and pressure ratio requirements, and the conventional rolling and sliding oil bearing cannot meet the requirement of high rotation speed.
The higher the running rotating speed of the air compressor is, the larger the centrifugal force borne by the rotor is, and the magnet material in the rotor has the characteristics of compression resistance and no tensile strength, and the small-diameter rotor is generally adopted in the design of the air compressor rotor; meanwhile, in order to meet the air supply requirements of high pressure ratio and large flow, a high-power motor needs to be equipped to ensure sufficient torque output, and a large-diameter rotor needs to be designed; the requirement for the structural size design of the motor rotor-spindle is high.
In view of various aspects such as rotor structure size design, bearing lubrication mode, compressed air oil-free requirement and the like, the conventional bearing cannot meet the requirement of the fuel cell air compressor, and the problems of high rotating speed, bearing, rotor dynamics and the like need to be comprehensively considered and solved during the design of the air compressor.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above prior art's shortcoming, the utility model discloses the technical problem that technical scheme will solve provides a special high-speed centrifugal air compressor machine that directly drives of on-vehicle hydrogen fuel cell to rotor tremble yielding defect among the solution prior art.
For solving the technical problem, the utility model provides a special high-speed centrifugal air compressor that directly drives of on-vehicle hydrogen fuel cell drives through the motor, including hollow motor spindle, impeller pull rod, spiral case, end cover, electric motor rotor, motor stator, baffle, motor spindle supports with simple beam structure form, motor spindle's both ends are equipped with the impeller pull rod, the impeller is connected the impeller pull rod, the spiral case is located in the impeller, the end cover with the spiral case is connected, motor rotor locates on the motor spindle, motor stator locates motor rotor is outside, the baffle is located the motor rotor both sides.
Optionally, the motor rotor and the motor spindle are of an integrated structure, and the motor rotor and the impeller are screwed by the pretightening nut, so that the rotating part of the air compressor is integrated.
Optionally, the impeller includes a low-pressure impeller and a high-pressure impeller, the high-pressure impeller and the low-pressure impeller are respectively located at two ends of the motor spindle, the volute includes a low-pressure volute and a high-pressure volute which are connected in series, the high-pressure impeller is located inside the high-pressure volute, the low-pressure impeller is located inside the low-pressure volute, and the end cover is connected with the low-pressure volute.
Optionally, the impeller pull rod includes a low-pressure impeller pull rod and a high-pressure impeller pull rod, the low-pressure impeller pull rod is connected with the low-pressure impeller, and the high-pressure impeller pull rod is connected with the high-pressure impeller.
Optionally, the simply supported beam structure includes a first bearing unit disposed on the low-pressure side, a second bearing unit disposed on the high-pressure side, and a third bearing unit disposed on the high-pressure side, wherein the first bearing unit and the second bearing unit are fixed on the motor spindle in a shaft sleeve manner.
Optionally, the first bearing unit includes low pressure side radial air bearing, low pressure side radial air bearing seat, low pressure side radial air bearing axle sleeve is around locating the outside of motor spindle, low pressure side radial air bearing locates in the low pressure side radial air bearing seat, and around locating the outside of low pressure side radial air bearing axle sleeve.
Further optionally, the low-pressure side radial air bearing seat is arranged on the end cover through circumferentially uniformly distributed screws.
Optionally, the second bearing unit includes high pressure side radial air bearing, second thrust bearing seat and high pressure side radial air bearing axle sleeve, high pressure side radial air bearing axle sleeve is around locating the outside of motor spindle, high pressure side radial air bearing locates in the second thrust bearing seat, and around locating the outside of high pressure side radial air bearing axle sleeve.
Further optionally, the radial air bearing on the high-pressure side is circumferentially and uniformly distributed in the second thrust bearing seat through screws of a bearing baffle plate.
Optionally, the third bearing unit includes a first axial thrust air bearing, a second axial thrust air bearing, a first thrust bearing seat, a second thrust bearing seat and a thrust disc, the first axial thrust air bearing is disposed on the first thrust bearing seat, the second axial thrust air bearing is disposed on the second thrust bearing seat, the first axial thrust air bearing and the second axial thrust air bearing are located on two sides of the thrust disc, the thrust disc is disposed on the outer side of the motor spindle, and the first thrust bearing seat is connected with the high-pressure volute.
Optionally, the first thrust bearing seat is connected with the high-pressure volute through a clamp, and a seal is arranged at the matching position of the first thrust bearing seat and the impeller, so that the leakage of the back of the impeller is reduced.
Optionally, a sealing shaft sleeve is annularly arranged between the first thrust bearing seat and the motor spindle, the sealing shaft sleeve is connected with a sealing channel of the first thrust bearing seat, and leakage air is guided to enter a first axial thrust air bearing connected with the sealing shaft sleeve to play a role in cooling the axial thrust air bearing.
Optionally, the low-pressure side radial air bearing, the high-pressure side radial air bearing, the first axial thrust air bearing, and the second axial thrust air bearing are all composed of a top foil, a wave foil, and a foil support structure, the top foil is disposed on the foil support structure, and the wave foil is disposed between the top foil and the foil support structure.
Optionally, the motor includes a low-voltage signal connector and a three-phase cable, and the motor controller controls the speed of changing the direction of the magnetic field generated by the motor stator, so as to control the rotation speed of the motor spindle. According to the requirement of the fuel cell on the external power output, the purpose of adjusting the output air pressure and flow is achieved, the stoichiometric ratio of the air of the fuel cell stack is changed, the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen on the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is improved, and the performance of the fuel cell is improved.
Optionally, electric motor rotor includes rotor core and magnet, the skin of magnet is equipped with the carbon fiber protective layer, electric motor stator includes stator core and coil, and stator core is folded by the silicon steel sheet and is pressed and form, and the coil embedding chute in the stator core, through the wiring with three-phase cable in the motor links to each other.
Optionally, the air compressor further comprises a water cooling system, wherein the water cooling system comprises an outer shell, an inner shell and a water-cooling joint;
the inner shell is arranged on the outer side of the motor stator, and partition structures in different shapes are arranged on the outer surface of the inner shell to form a water cooling channel with the inner surface of the outer shell;
the water-cooling joint comprises a water inlet joint and a water outlet joint, and is arranged on the outer side of the outer casing.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses technical scheme's special high-speed centrifugal air compressor machine that directly drives of on-vehicle hydrogen fuel cell has following beneficial effect:
the motor spindle adopts a hollow structure, so that the weight of the spindle can be effectively reduced, the dynamic characteristics of a rotor are optimized, and the starting torque of the motor is reduced under the condition of meeting the strength requirement.
The motor main shaft adopts an air bearing, does not need oil lubrication, and avoids the pollution of oil to a fuel cell catalyst. Compared with the traditional oil lubrication bearing, the air bearing has open air flow, so that the heat dissipation path and the heat resistance grade are effectively improved, the critical rotating speed of the rotor is improved, and resonance is avoided.
The motor spindle is supported by a simple beam structure form of radial air bearings at two ends and an axial thrust air bearing at one end, each of the radial air bearings and the axial thrust air bearings consists of a top foil, a wave foil and a supporting structure, the wave foil has certain strength and elasticity and is positioned between the top foil and the foil supporting structure, the top foil is fixed on the foil supporting structure, and the motor rotor is suspended between the air bearings by compressing the wave foil when rotating at a high speed. When the motor rotates, the motor spindle in the top foil compresses the wave foil due to high-speed rotation, when the rotating speed is stable, a high-pressure air film is formed, the motor spindle is stably suspended in the top foil, loss caused by friction is effectively reduced, the axial thrust air bearing is arranged on the high-pressure side, the wave foil is fixed on a thrust bearing supporting structure, and when the whole machine operates, the axial thrust air bearing can effectively restrain axial movement of a rotor.
The low-pressure volute and the high-pressure volute are connected in series, namely, the outlet of the low-pressure volute is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure volute. Atmosphere is sucked through an air inlet of the low-pressure volute, after first-stage compression is realized through high-speed rotation of the low-pressure impeller, the atmosphere is connected to an inlet of the high-pressure volute in series through an outlet of the low-pressure volute, second-stage compression is realized through high-speed rotation of the high-pressure impeller, and the atmosphere flows out through an outlet of the high-pressure volute, so that the purpose of two-stage pressurization. The pressurization mode that the two-stage impellers are connected in series to compress air step by step is adopted, so that the pressure ratio of the air compressor is increased, the axial force at two ends is effectively balanced, the rotor dynamics stability is better, and the reliability of a product can be improved; according to different rotating speeds, the air inlet pressure and flow requirements of the fuel cell stack under all working conditions can be met, the high-power permanent magnet motor is adopted for direct drive, the highest rotating speed can reach 150000rpm, additional mechanical speed increasing mechanisms such as a speed changer and the like are avoided, and gear meshing vibration noise caused by the speed increasing mechanisms is avoided; meanwhile, the two-stage air compressors are arranged on two sides of the motor, so that the size is small, the structure is compact, and the space requirement of a vehicle-mounted fuel cell is met; because of the adjustable rotational speed, can change air compressor machine output compressed air's pressure, flow through the rotational speed, can satisfy the demand of the frequent change of automobile-used operating mode.
The end cover is connected with the low-pressure volute, the first thrust bearing seat is connected with the high-pressure volute and is equivalent to the end cover of the high-pressure volute, and the end cover and the first thrust bearing seat are used as volute end covers, so that the axial length of the whole machine is reduced, and the improvement of the dynamic stability of the rotor is facilitated.
The outer layer of the magnet of the motor rotor is provided with the carbon fiber protective layer, so that the motor rotor can play a good weight reduction role compared with a traditional metal protective sleeve, the stability of the motor rotor in working is guaranteed, the thermal expansion coefficient of the carbon fiber is small, and deformation caused by temperature change can be avoided.
To sum up, the utility model discloses technical scheme's special high-speed centrifugal air compressor structure that directly drives of on-vehicle hydrogen fuel cell can satisfy the requirement of fuel cell air compressor machine completely, has solved the yielding defect of rotor tremble among the prior art.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an internal structure of an air compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an air compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a radial air bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an axial thrust air bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1 is a low-pressure volute, 2 is a low-pressure impeller, 3 is an end cover, 4 is a low-pressure side radial air bearing seat, 5 is a coil, 6 is a front baffle, 7 is a low-pressure signal connector, 8 is a stator core, 9 is an inner casing, 10 is an outer casing, 11 is a rear baffle, 12 is a bearing baffle, 13 is a second thrust bearing seat, 14 is a first thrust bearing seat, 15 is a high-pressure impeller, 16 is a high-pressure volute, 17 is a high-pressure impeller pre-tightening nut, 18 is a high-pressure impeller pull rod, 19 is a sealing shaft sleeve, 20 is a first axial thrust air bearing, 21 is a thrust disc, 22 is a second axial thrust air bearing, 23 is a high-pressure side radial air bearing shaft sleeve, 24 is a high-pressure side radial air bearing, 25 is a motor main shaft, 26 is a water inlet joint, 27 is a rotor core, 28 is a water outlet joint, 29 is a magnet, 30 is a carbon fiber protective layer, 32 is a low-pressure side radial air bearing, 33 is a low-pressure impeller pull rod, 34 is a low-pressure impeller pre-tightening nut, 35 is a motor base, 36 is a three-phase cable, 37 is a radial air bearing support structure, 38 is a radial air bearing wave foil, 39 is a radial air bearing top foil, 40 is an axial thrust air bearing support structure, 41 is an axial thrust air bearing top foil, and 42 is an axial thrust air bearing wave foil.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the utility model discloses special high-speed centrifugal air compressor that directly drives of on-vehicle hydrogen fuel cell drives through the motor, including hollow motor spindle 25, impeller pull rod, spiral case, end cover 3, electric motor rotor, motor stator, baffle, motor spindle 25 supports with simple beam structure form, and motor spindle 25's both ends are equipped with the impeller pull rod, and the impeller pull rod is connected to the impeller, and the spiral case is located the impeller, and the end cover is connected with the spiral case, and motor rotor locates on motor spindle 25, and motor stator locates the motor rotor outside, and the motor rotor both sides are located to the baffle.
The motor rotor and the motor spindle 25 can be of an integrated structure and screwed with the impeller by using a pre-tightening nut, so that the rotating part of the air compressor is ensured to be integrated.
In this embodiment, the impeller includes low pressure impeller 2 and high pressure impeller 15, and high pressure impeller 15 and low pressure impeller 2 are located the both ends of motor main shaft 25 respectively, and the spiral case includes low pressure spiral case 1 and high pressure spiral case 16 that establish ties each other, and high pressure impeller 15 is located inside high pressure spiral case 16, and low pressure impeller 2 is located inside low pressure spiral case 1, and end cover 3 is connected with low pressure spiral case 1, specifically, end cover 3 can link to each other through the clamp with low pressure spiral case 1, and end cover 3 sets up sealedly with the impeller complex position, reduces the leakage amount at the impeller back.
The impeller pull rod comprises a low-pressure impeller pull rod 33 and a high-pressure impeller pull rod 18, the low-pressure impeller pull rod 33 is connected with the low-pressure impeller 2, and the high-pressure impeller pull rod 18 is connected with the high-pressure impeller 15.
The simple beam structure comprises a first bearing unit arranged on the low-pressure side, a second bearing unit arranged on the high-pressure side, and a third bearing unit arranged on the high-pressure side, wherein the first bearing unit and the second bearing unit are fixed on the motor main shaft 25 in a shaft sleeve mode.
Specifically, the first bearing unit includes a low-pressure side radial air bearing 32, a low-pressure side radial air bearing seat 4, and a low-pressure side radial air bearing sleeve 31, the low-pressure side radial air bearing sleeve 31 is around the outside of the motor main shaft 25, the low-pressure side radial air bearing 32 is arranged in the low-pressure side radial air bearing seat 4, and the low-pressure side radial air bearing seat 4 is arranged on the end cover 3 through circumferentially uniformly distributed screws around the outside of the low-pressure side radial air bearing sleeve 31.
The second bearing unit comprises a high-pressure side radial air bearing 24, a second thrust bearing seat 13 and a high-pressure side radial air bearing shaft sleeve 23, the high-pressure side radial air bearing shaft sleeve 23 is wound on the outer side of a motor main shaft 25, and the high-pressure side radial air bearing 24 is arranged in the second thrust bearing seat 13 and wound on the outer side of the high-pressure side radial air bearing shaft sleeve 23.
The high pressure side radial air bearing 24 may be disposed in the second thrust bearing housing 13 by circumferentially and uniformly bolting the bearing shield 12 to the first thrust bearing housing interior 14.
The third bearing unit comprises a first axial thrust air bearing 20, a second axial thrust air bearing 22, a first thrust bearing seat 14, a second thrust bearing seat 13 and a thrust disc 21, the first axial thrust air bearing 20 is arranged on the first thrust bearing seat 14, the second axial thrust air bearing 22 is arranged on the second thrust bearing seat 13, the first axial thrust air bearing 20 and the second axial thrust air bearing 22 are positioned on two sides of the thrust disc 21, the thrust disc 21 is wound on the outer side of a motor spindle 25, and the first thrust bearing seat 14 is connected with the high-pressure volute 16.
The first thrust bearing seat 14 and the high-pressure volute 16 can be connected through a clamping hoop, and a seal is arranged at the matching position of the first thrust bearing seat 14 and the impeller, so that the leakage quantity of the back of the impeller is reduced.
A sealing shaft sleeve 19 can be arranged between the first thrust bearing seat 14 and the motor spindle 25 in an annular mode, the sealing shaft sleeve 19 is connected with a sealing channel of the first thrust bearing seat 14, leakage air is guided to enter a first axial thrust air bearing 20 connected with the sealing shaft sleeve, and the effect of cooling the axial thrust air bearing is achieved.
The low pressure side radial air bearing 32, the high pressure side radial air bearing 24, the first axial thrust air bearing 20 and the second axial thrust air bearing 22 are each composed of a top foil, a wave foil and a foil support structure, the top foil is arranged on the foil support structure, and the wave foil is arranged between the top foil and the foil support structure.
As shown in fig. 3, the low pressure side radial air bearing 32 and the high pressure side radial air bearing 24 each include a radial air bearing support structure 37, a radial air bearing bump foil 38, and a radial air bearing top foil 39, the radial air bearing top foil 39 is disposed on the radial air bearing support structure 37, and the radial air bearing bump foil 38 is disposed between the radial air bearing top foil 39 and the air bearing support structure 37.
As shown in fig. 4, each of the first axial thrust air bearing 20 and the second axial thrust air bearing 22 includes an axial thrust air bearing support structure 40, an axial thrust air bearing top foil 41 and an axial thrust air bearing wave foil 42, the axial thrust air bearing top foil 41 is disposed on the axial thrust air bearing support structure 40, and the axial thrust air bearing wave foil 42 is disposed between the axial thrust air bearing top foil 41 and the axial thrust air bearing support structure 40.
With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, the motor of the present embodiment includes a low voltage signal connector 7 and a three-phase cable 36, and the motor controller controls the speed of the change in the direction of the magnetic field generated by the motor stator, thereby controlling the rotational speed of the motor spindle 25.
As shown in fig. 5, the motor rotor comprises a rotor core 27 and a magnet 29, a carbon fiber protective layer 30 is arranged on the outer layer of the magnet 29, and a front baffle 6 and a rear baffle 11 are respectively arranged at two ends of the motor rotor.
The motor stator comprises a stator core 8 and a coil 5, wherein the stator core 8 is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, and the coil 5 is embedded into an inner chute of the stator core 8 and connected with a three-phase cable 36 in the motor through wiring.
Except that above-mentioned structure, the air compressor machine still includes water cooling system, and water cooling system includes outer casing 10, inner casing 9 and water-cooling joint, and inner casing 9 sets up in motor stator's the outside, and inner casing 9's surface sets up the interior surface formation water-cooling channel of the wall structure of different shapes and outer casing 10, and the water-cooling connects including water inlet joint 26 and delivery port joint 28, and all locates outer casing 10's the outside.
For further understanding the structure and performance of the technical solution of the present invention, the following describes the operating state of the air compressor in detail.
When the high-pressure volute rotor works, the outlet of the low-pressure volute 1 is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure volute 16, the left side and the right side of the air compressor are provided with the end cover 3 and the second thrust bearing seat 13 playing a role of the end cover, the end cover 3 serves as a right end cover of the motor and also serves as an end cover of the low-pressure volute 1, the second thrust bearing seat 13 serves as a left end cover of the motor and also serves as an end cover of the high-pressure volute 16, and therefore the axial length of the rotor can be fully reduced, and the dynamic.
The motor spindle 25 is arranged in the middle of the air compressor, the motor spindle 25 is a hollow spindle, the high-pressure impeller pull rod 18 is arranged in the left end of the motor spindle 25, the low-pressure impeller pull rod 33 is arranged in the right end of the motor spindle 25, the high-pressure impeller pull rod 18 and the low-pressure impeller pull rod 33 are connected with the motor spindle 25 through threads, the rotating direction is opposite to the rotating direction of the motor, and the safety of high-speed rotation of the impeller is guaranteed.
The low-pressure impeller 2 is fixed with a low-pressure impeller pull rod 33 through a low-pressure impeller pre-tightening nut 34, the high-pressure impeller 15 is fixed with a high-pressure impeller pull rod 18 through a high-pressure impeller pre-tightening nut 17, the low-pressure impeller 2 is located inside the low-pressure volute 1, and the high-pressure impeller 15 is located inside the high-pressure volute 16.
The motor stator comprises a stator core 8 and a coil 5, wherein the coil 5 is embedded in a chute in the stator core 8 and is connected with a three-phase cable 36 and a low-voltage signal connector 7. The air compressor further comprises an outer shell 10 and an inner shell 9, the inner shell 9 is arranged on the outer side of the stator core 8, the outer shell is arranged on the outer side of the inner shell 9, and when the air compressor operates, cold water is communicated between the outer shell 10 and the inner shell 9 to play a role in heat dissipation.
The two ends of the motor main shaft 25 are supported by a simply supported beam supporting structure, and the simply supported beam supporting structure comprises a high-pressure side radial air bearing 24, a high-pressure side radial air bearing sleeve 23, a first axial thrust air bearing 20, a thrust disc 21, a second axial thrust air bearing 22, a low-pressure side radial air bearing 32 and a low-pressure side radial air bearing sleeve 31 which are arranged on the left side of the motor main shaft 25, and a low-pressure side radial air bearing sleeve 31 which are arranged on the right side of the motor main shaft 25. The high-pressure side radial air bearing shaft sleeve 23 is sleeved on the outer side of the motor main shaft 25, the high-pressure side radial air bearing 24 is fixed on the outer side of the high-pressure side radial air bearing shaft sleeve 23 through circumferentially uniformly distributed screws, the first axial thrust air bearing 20 and the second axial thrust air bearing 22 surround the outer side of the motor main shaft 25, the low-pressure side radial air bearing shaft sleeve 31 is sleeved on the outer side of the motor main shaft 25, and the low-pressure side radial air bearing 32 is fixed on the outer side of the low-pressure side radial air bearing shaft sleeve 31 through circumferentially uniformly distributed screws.
The first axial thrust air bearing 20 and the second axial thrust air bearing 22 have the same structure and comprise axial thrust air bearing top foil pieces 41, axial thrust air bearing wave foil pieces 42 and axial thrust air bearing supporting structures 40, when the motor rotates, a high-pressure air film is generated between the axial thrust air bearing top foil pieces 41 and the thrust disc 21, the axial thrust air bearing wave foil pieces 42 are compressed to deform, and the rigidity and the damping of the high-pressure air film are changed through the shape adjustment of the axial thrust air bearing wave foil pieces 42, so that the axial unbalanced movement of the rotor is avoided.
The high-pressure side radial air bearing 24 and the low-pressure side radial air bearing 32 have the same structure and comprise radial air bearing top foils 39, radial air bearing corrugated foils 38 and a radial air bearing supporting structure 37, when the motor rotates, the motor spindle 25 rotates at a high speed, so that the radial air bearing corrugated foils 38 are compressed, and when the rotating speed is stable, a high-pressure air film is formed, and the motor spindle 25 is suspended on the radial air bearing top foils 39. Compared with the traditional oil bearing, the air bearing can form open air flow during operation, effectively improves the heat dissipation path and the heat resistance grade, and reduces the friction resistance.
The motor rotor comprises a rotor core 27, a magnet 29 and a carbon fiber protective layer 30 wound outside the magnet 29, a front baffle 6 and a rear baffle 11 are respectively arranged at two ends of the motor rotor, the carbon fiber protective layer 30 wound outside the magnet 29 prevents the magnet 29 from being broken due to centrifugal force under high-speed rotation, and the front baffle 6 and the rear baffle 11 are used for magnetic isolation.
While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be appreciated that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings without inventive faculty. Therefore, the technical solutions that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concepts of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a special high-speed centrifugal air compressor that directly drives of on-vehicle hydrogen fuel cell, drives through the motor, its characterized in that, including hollow motor spindle, impeller pull rod, spiral case, end cover, electric motor rotor, motor stator, baffle, the motor spindle supports with simple beam structure form, the both ends of motor spindle are equipped with the impeller pull rod, the impeller is connected the impeller pull rod, the spiral case is located in the impeller, the end cover with the spiral case is connected, motor rotor locates on the motor spindle, motor stator locates the motor rotor is outside, the baffle is located the motor rotor both sides.
2. The direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor special for the vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the impeller comprises a low-pressure impeller and a high-pressure impeller, the high-pressure impeller and the low-pressure impeller are respectively located at two ends of the motor spindle, the volute comprises a low-pressure volute and a high-pressure volute which are connected in series, the high-pressure impeller is located inside the high-pressure volute, the low-pressure impeller is located inside the low-pressure volute, and the end cover is connected with the low-pressure volute.
3. The direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor special for the vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 2, wherein the impeller pull rod comprises a low-pressure impeller pull rod and a high-pressure impeller pull rod, the low-pressure impeller pull rod is connected with the low-pressure impeller, and the high-pressure impeller pull rod is connected with the high-pressure impeller.
4. The direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor special for the vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 2, wherein the simply supported beam structure comprises a first bearing unit arranged on a low-pressure side, a second bearing unit arranged on a high-pressure side, and a third bearing unit arranged on a high-pressure side, wherein the first bearing unit and the second bearing unit are fixed on the motor spindle through a shaft sleeve form.
5. The direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor special for the vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first bearing unit comprises a low-pressure side radial air bearing, a low-pressure side radial air bearing seat and a low-pressure side radial air bearing sleeve, the low-pressure side radial air bearing sleeve is wound on the outer side of the motor spindle, and the low-pressure side radial air bearing is arranged in the low-pressure side radial air bearing seat and is wound on the outer side of the low-pressure side radial air bearing sleeve.
6. The direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor special for the vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second bearing unit comprises a high-pressure side radial air bearing, a second thrust bearing seat and a high-pressure side radial air bearing sleeve, the high-pressure side radial air bearing sleeve is wound on the outer side of the motor main shaft, and the high-pressure side radial air bearing is arranged in the second thrust bearing seat and wound on the outer side of the high-pressure side radial air bearing sleeve.
7. The direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor special for the vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 6, wherein the third bearing unit comprises a first axial thrust air bearing, a second axial thrust air bearing, a first thrust bearing seat, a second thrust bearing seat and a thrust disc, the first axial thrust air bearing is arranged on the first thrust bearing seat, the second axial thrust air bearing is arranged on the second thrust bearing seat, the first axial thrust air bearing and the second axial thrust air bearing are located on two sides of the thrust disc, the thrust disc is arranged on the outer side of the motor spindle, and the second thrust bearing seat is connected with the high-pressure volute.
8. The direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor special for the vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 7, wherein the low-pressure side radial air bearing, the high-pressure side radial air bearing, the first axial thrust air bearing and the second axial thrust air bearing are all composed of a top foil, a wave foil and a foil support structure, the top foil is arranged on the foil support structure, and the wave foil is arranged between the top foil and the foil support structure.
9. The direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor special for the vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the motor rotor comprises a rotor core and a magnet, a carbon fiber protective layer is arranged on an outer layer of the magnet, the motor stator comprises a stator core and a coil, the stator core is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, the coil is embedded into an inner chute of the stator core, and the coil is connected with a three-phase cable in the motor through a wiring.
10. The direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor special for the vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a water cooling system, wherein the water cooling system comprises an outer casing, an inner casing and a water-cooling joint;
the inner shell is arranged on the outer side of the motor stator, and partition structures in different shapes are arranged on the outer surface of the inner shell to form a water cooling channel with the inner surface of the outer shell;
the water-cooling joint comprises a water inlet joint and a water outlet joint, and is arranged on the outer side of the outer casing.
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| CN201921562667.5U CN210461110U (en) | 2019-09-19 | 2019-09-19 | Special direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor for vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell |
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| CN201921562667.5U CN210461110U (en) | 2019-09-19 | 2019-09-19 | Special direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor for vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell |
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| CN111734654A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-02 | 上海优社动力科技有限公司 | Centrifugal compressor |
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| CN111734654A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-02 | 上海优社动力科技有限公司 | Centrifugal compressor |
| CN112636510A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-04-09 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air supporting rotor heat radiation structure and motor |
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| CN114033715A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-02-11 | 北京理工大学 | Air compression air inlet device for vehicle fuel cell |
| CN114526248A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-05-24 | 北京前沿动力科技有限公司 | Centrifugal air compressor for hydrogen fuel cell |
| WO2024093976A1 (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2024-05-10 | 中原内配明达氢能源有限公司 | Rotor shaft assembly assembling method, air compressor, and hydrogen fuel cell system |
| CN115853798A (en) * | 2022-11-26 | 2023-03-28 | 黑龙江云造科技有限公司 | Centrifugal air compressor for fuel cell |
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