CN114033715A - Air compression air inlet device for vehicle fuel cell - Google Patents

Air compression air inlet device for vehicle fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114033715A
CN114033715A CN202111216932.6A CN202111216932A CN114033715A CN 114033715 A CN114033715 A CN 114033715A CN 202111216932 A CN202111216932 A CN 202111216932A CN 114033715 A CN114033715 A CN 114033715A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
centrifugal compressor
compressor
exhaust pipe
air
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN202111216932.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
祁明旭
张虹
王鹏霄
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Publication date
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Priority to CN202111216932.6A priority Critical patent/CN114033715A/en
Publication of CN114033715A publication Critical patent/CN114033715A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/051—Axial thrust balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04111—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants using a compressor turbine assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-flow high-speed motor direct-drive type intake air compression device for a vehicle fuel cell, which comprises: the high-speed motor drives the motor rotor and the integrated rotor shaft to rotate at high speed; the two ends of the rotor shaft are respectively connected with a first centrifugal compressor and a second centrifugal compressor, the first compressor and the second compressor are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the motor, and impellers of the first compressor and the second compressor are driven by the rotor shaft to coaxially rotate at a high speed; the three-way pipeline comprises a first exhaust pipe, a second exhaust pipe and an exhaust main pipe which are integrally manufactured, the first exhaust pipe is communicated with an exhaust port of the first centrifugal compressor, the second exhaust pipe is communicated with an exhaust port of the second centrifugal compressor, and the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe are communicated to the exhaust main pipe. The device can realize the large-flow air pressurization of the high-power fuel cell, realize the high pressure ratio and the large flow of the air inlet air, realize the self-balance of the axial force of the air compressor, effectively reduce the problems of efficiency reduction and abrasion of the thrust bearing caused by the thrust bearing, and effectively improve the efficiency and the working reliability of the air compression air inlet device.

Description

Air compression air inlet device for vehicle fuel cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to an air compression air inlet device for a vehicle fuel cell, and belongs to the field of new energy automobile fuel cell air inlet systems.
Background
The fuel cell is an important new energy automobile power part, and the air compression air inlet device for the fuel cell which is commonly used at present is mainly driven by a high-speed motor to meet the supercharging requirement of inlet air. Along with the increase of the power of the fuel cell stack and the continuous increase of the power density, the pressure increase ratio and the flow rate of the inlet air are gradually increased.
Currently, a commonly used fuel cell air inlet supercharging air compressor (air compressor) mainly adopts a single-stage centrifugal air compressor arranged on one side and a serial two-stage centrifugal air compressor with a low-pressure stage centrifugal air compressor and a high-pressure stage centrifugal air compressor on two sides. The single-stage centrifugal air compressor is arranged in a working chamber, a large axial force acting on the thrust bearing exists, the axial thrust is remarkably improved along with the improvement of the pressurization ratio, and the thrust bearing with a large size is required to bear the axial thrust, so that the mechanical efficiency of the air compressor is greatly reduced, and the safety and reliability are difficult to guarantee; the tandem type two-stage air compressor (the air is sucked from the left side, compressed by the left air compressor and then enters the right air compressor through the middle connecting pipe to realize tandem type compression, the sizes of the left air compressor and the right air compressor are different, although the high pressure ratio is easy to realize, but it is difficult to ensure sufficient compressed air flow, and the axial forces borne by the low-pressure stage and high-pressure stage impellers are still difficult to balance, and thrust bearings are still required to bear axial loads of certain magnitudes, i.e., still having a high axial thrust, the thrust bearing is subject to wear, the thrust disc requires a relatively large size, therefore, the bearing efficiency is lower than the ratio and the flow rate is half of the parallel type, the mechanical efficiency and the safety reliability of the air compressor are reduced, therefore, a novel air compressor which can effectively reduce or even eliminate the axial thrust caused by a centrifugal air compressor and obtain high pressure ratio and high flow rate is urgently needed, therefore, the overall efficiency and the operation reliability of the air compressor for fuel cell air inlet pressurization are effectively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an air compressing and air intake apparatus for a vehicle fuel cell, comprising:
the two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected with a first centrifugal compressor and a second centrifugal compressor in a transmission manner; the first centrifugal compressor and the second centrifugal compressor are the same;
the three-way pipeline comprises a first exhaust pipe, a second exhaust pipe and an exhaust main pipe which are integrally manufactured, wherein the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe are converged and communicated to the exhaust main pipe;
the high-speed motor is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft;
the first centrifugal compressor and the second centrifugal compressor are symmetrically arranged, and an impeller of the first centrifugal compressor and an impeller of the second centrifugal compressor coaxially rotate in the same direction.
In order to completely eliminate the axial thrust caused by the small difference of the working states of the first centrifugal compressor and the second centrifugal compressor, a small-sized thrust disc can be arranged on the transmission shaft.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the transmission shaft drives the first centrifugal compressor and the second centrifugal compressor to rotate simultaneously, and the working states are basically the same, so that the directions of thrust generated by the first centrifugal compressor and the second centrifugal compressor are opposite, most of axial thrust can be offset, the axial load borne by the transmission shaft can be effectively eliminated, the problems of mechanical loss and abrasion of the thrust bearing caused by the thrust bearing are basically eliminated, and the efficiency of the single-stage air compression air inlet device and the reliability of the air compressor can be effectively improved; furthermore, the working conditions of the first centrifugal compressor and the second centrifugal compressor are completely the same, the generated thrust is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and complete balance of the thrust on the two sides of the transmission shaft can be realized, so that a thrust bearing is eliminated, the problem of reduction of bearing efficiency and the problem of abrasion of the thrust bearing caused by friction of the thrust bearing are completely eliminated, and the overall efficiency of the air compressor can be effectively improved; the first centrifugal compressor and the second centrifugal compressor have the same through-flow capacity, the compressed air quantity of the single-stage centrifugal compressor or the two-stage tandem type air compressor can be doubled, and the compressed air quantity of the fuel cell air compressor is greatly increased.
Preferably, the first centrifugal compressor and the second centrifugal compressor are the same and are arranged in an image mode by using an axial central mirror of the motor, the working states are the same, and the pressure ratio and the flow rate of the provided compressed air are the same.
Preferably, the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe are arranged in a mirror image with respect to the exhaust manifold.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure provided by the present invention.
The system comprises a first centrifugal compressor, a 2-high-speed motor, a 3-transmission shaft, a 4-second centrifugal compressor, a 5-tee pipeline, a 51-first exhaust pipe, a 52-second exhaust pipe and a 53-exhaust manifold.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses an air compression air inlet device for a vehicle fuel cell, which comprises:
the centrifugal compressor comprises a transmission shaft 3, wherein two ends of the transmission shaft 3 are respectively connected with a first centrifugal compressor 1 and a second centrifugal compressor 4 in a transmission manner; the first centrifugal compressor 1 and the second centrifugal compressor 4 are identical.
The three-way pipeline 5 comprises a first exhaust pipe 51, a second exhaust pipe 52 and an exhaust manifold 53 which are integrally manufactured, the exhaust manifold 53 is communicated with the first exhaust pipe 51 and the second exhaust pipe 52, the first exhaust pipe 51 is communicated with a volute air outlet of the first centrifugal compressor 1, and the second exhaust pipe 52 is communicated with a volute air outlet of the second centrifugal compressor 4;
the high-speed motor 2 is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft 3;
the first centrifugal compressor 1 and the second centrifugal compressor 4 are arranged in a mirror image mode, and an impeller of the first centrifugal compressor 1 and an impeller of the second centrifugal compressor 4 are in the same rotating direction (from the same angle).
The invention adopts two centrifugal compressors connected in parallel to realize two inlets and one outlet.
Therefore, the embodiment adopts a mode that two identical gas compressors are connected in parallel to realize the pressurization of the gas inlet of the fuel cell, and firstly, the axial thrust is greatly reduced or completely eliminated, so that the size of a thrust disc of the thrust bearing can be reduced, and the bearing efficiency is improved. And secondly, the air flow can be greatly improved (doubled) on the premise of small size change of the air compressor.
In some embodiments, the pressure ratios of the first centrifugal compressor 1 and the second centrifugal compressor 4 are the same.
In some embodiments, the first exhaust pipe 51 and the second exhaust pipe 52 are arranged in a mirror image with respect to the exhaust manifold 53.
The specific connection relationship between the first centrifugal compressor 1 and the second centrifugal compressor 4 and the transmission shaft 3 is the same as that in the prior art.
The transmission shaft drives the first centrifugal compressor and the second centrifugal compressor which are connected in parallel and have the same working condition to rotate simultaneously, and the thrust directions generated by the two centrifugal compressors which are connected in parallel are opposite, so that most of axial thrust can be counteracted, the axial load borne by the transmission shaft can be effectively eliminated, the problems of mechanical loss and thrust bearing abrasion caused by the thrust bearing are basically eliminated, and the efficiency of the single-stage air compression air inlet device and the reliability of the air compressor can be effectively improved;
furthermore, the working conditions of the first centrifugal compressor and the second centrifugal compressor are completely the same, the generated thrust is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and complete balance of the thrust on the two sides of the transmission shaft can be realized, so that a thrust bearing is eliminated, the problem of reduction of bearing efficiency and the problem of abrasion of the thrust bearing caused by friction of the thrust bearing are completely eliminated, and the overall efficiency of the air compressor can be effectively improved; the first centrifugal compressor and the second centrifugal compressor have the same through-flow capacity, the compressed air quantity of the single-stage centrifugal compressor or the two-stage tandem type air compressor can be doubled, and the compressed air quantity of the fuel cell air compressor is greatly increased.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (3)

1. An air compression intake device for a vehicle fuel cell, comprising:
the two ends of the transmission shaft (3) are respectively connected with a first centrifugal compressor (1) and a second centrifugal compressor (4) in a transmission manner, and the first centrifugal compressor (1) and the second centrifugal compressor (4) are identical;
the three-way pipeline (5) comprises a first exhaust pipe (51), a second exhaust pipe (52) and an exhaust main pipe (53) which are integrally manufactured, the first exhaust pipe (51) and the second exhaust pipe (52) are converged and communicated to the exhaust main pipe (53), the first exhaust pipe (51) is communicated with a volute air outlet of the first centrifugal compressor (1), and the second exhaust pipe (52) is communicated with a volute air outlet of the second centrifugal compressor (4);
the high-speed motor (2), the high-speed motor (2) is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft (3);
the first centrifugal compressor (1) and the second centrifugal compressor (4) are symmetrically arranged, and an impeller of the first centrifugal compressor (1) and an impeller of the second centrifugal compressor (4) coaxially rotate in the same direction.
2. The air compression intake apparatus for a vehicle fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the first centrifugal compressor (1) and the second centrifugal compressor (4) are identical and arranged on both sides of the high-speed motor in a mirror image manner.
3. An air compression intake apparatus for a fuel cell for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the first exhaust pipe (51) and the second exhaust pipe (52) are arranged in mirror image with respect to an exhaust manifold (53).
CN202111216932.6A 2021-10-19 2021-10-19 Air compression air inlet device for vehicle fuel cell Withdrawn CN114033715A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111216932.6A CN114033715A (en) 2021-10-19 2021-10-19 Air compression air inlet device for vehicle fuel cell

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111216932.6A CN114033715A (en) 2021-10-19 2021-10-19 Air compression air inlet device for vehicle fuel cell

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CN114033715A true CN114033715A (en) 2022-02-11

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160024328A (en) * 2014-08-25 2016-03-04 한온시스템 주식회사 Device for counterbalancing axial load in centrifugal compressor
CN210461110U (en) * 2019-09-19 2020-05-05 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 Special direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor for vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell
CN111963464A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-11-20 中船重工(重庆)西南装备研究院有限公司 Self-adaptive air compressor for hydrogen fuel cell
CN112682336A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-20 北京理工大学 Centrifugal air compressor for fuel cell system
CN213928775U (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-08-10 广东智空动力科技有限公司 Improved compressor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160024328A (en) * 2014-08-25 2016-03-04 한온시스템 주식회사 Device for counterbalancing axial load in centrifugal compressor
CN210461110U (en) * 2019-09-19 2020-05-05 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 Special direct-drive high-speed centrifugal air compressor for vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell
CN111963464A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-11-20 中船重工(重庆)西南装备研究院有限公司 Self-adaptive air compressor for hydrogen fuel cell
CN213928775U (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-08-10 广东智空动力科技有限公司 Improved compressor
CN112682336A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-20 北京理工大学 Centrifugal air compressor for fuel cell system

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Application publication date: 20220211

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