CN105720286A - Control method for avoiding fuel deficiency of solid oxide fuel cell - Google Patents

Control method for avoiding fuel deficiency of solid oxide fuel cell Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN105720286A
CN105720286A CN201610192446.8A CN201610192446A CN105720286A CN 105720286 A CN105720286 A CN 105720286A CN 201610192446 A CN201610192446 A CN 201610192446A CN 105720286 A CN105720286 A CN 105720286A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
power
fuel
reference track
control method
power reference
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201610192446.8A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN105720286B (en
Inventor
蒋建华
吴小东
李曦
成天亮
徐梦雪
洪升平
李箭
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Original Assignee
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huazhong University of Science and Technology filed Critical Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority to CN201610192446.8A priority Critical patent/CN105720286B/en
Publication of CN105720286A publication Critical patent/CN105720286A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN105720286B publication Critical patent/CN105720286B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method for avoiding fuel deficiency of a solid oxide fuel cell. The control method comprises the steps that a corresponding optimal power increasing speed is obtained through simulated analysis under a condition of setting different delayed times when the system tracks an external load to realize a power increasing switching; therefore, the system can satisfy the rapid load tracking capability without causing fuel deficiency; a power reference trajectory is designed based on model prediction control; a target constrained trajectory can be tracked rapidly and smoothly based on the power output value of the system by combination of the power reference trajectory, so that the purpose of the rapid and safe load tracking of the SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) independent power generation system is achieved. In the system power switching process, the optimal power increasing speed under the set fuel delayed time is obtained; the power reference trajectory is designed based on the model prediction control (MPC) method, so that the limitation of the power increasing rate is realized; the fuel deficiency problem caused by rapid load tracking is solved; and therefore, the control method is applicable to practical engineering applications.

Description

A kind of solid oxide fuel battery system avoids the control method that fuel is in debt
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solid oxide fuel, more specifically, relate to the control method that a kind of solid oxide fuel battery system avoids fuel in debt, it is specifically related to solid oxide fuel battery system and carries out power switching when limiting power rise speed, by the power reference path implementation load tracking designed, and system does not produce the control method of fuel deficit problem.
Background technology
SOFC (SolidOxideFuelCell, it is called for short SOFC) it is a kind of all solid state chemical generated device that directly chemical energy being stored in fuel and oxidant efficiently, is environmentally friendly changed into electric energy under middle high temperature, its high efficiency, pollution-free, all solid state, mechanical vibration and multiple hydrocarbon fuel gas is had the features such as extensive adaptability, makes one of green power generation mode of 21 century most captivation.
SOFC can be used for civilian stationary electric power plant, thermoelectricity reuse, traffic, space aerospace and other many fields, and its developmental research obtains flourish with exploitation after the eighties.Some developed countries such as U.S., Germany, Japan waited all put into a large amount of manpower and materials be devoted to SOFC system generating research and development, final goal is to realize the commercialization of SOFC.The SOFC technical merit of SOFC some representative scientific research institutions in the world and company is all gradually improved, also have and can run continuously tens thousand of hours and unattenuated successful record, but these data are all obtain under the constant temperature of testing stand, actual engineer applied is harsh because of environmental condition, lack the control method of complete technology and optimization so that the performance of system cannot with mentioning in the same breath that testing stand obtains.
Wherein, Fast Load is followed the tracks of for (power rise), if ensureing the fastest switching time, the external loading of SOFC system is after handover, when there is the Spline smoothing risen in output, it is exceedingly fast because electrochemical reaction consumes fuel, time is Millisecond, moment is strengthened the demand to fuel, and in gas pipeline there is time delay in conveying, time is second level, the time difference that both exist, required fuel in pile is made to can not get timely supply, and produce fuel deficit problem, pile anode material is aoxidized, stack temperature change is acutely, battery material degraded is very easily caused to damage.Additionally, SOFC system is a typical close coupling, multivariate, nonlinear system, and involve great expense, it becomes virtually impossible to by repeatedly replica test, system is studied, it is therefore necessary to system is carried out simulation study by the physical model based on experimental verification.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the first object of the present invention is based on physical model, under the fuel delay time set, finds optimal power climbing speed during load tracking, it is to avoid the fuel deficit problem produced when system load is followed the tracks of, it is ensured that pile service life.
The second object of the present invention is based on MPC and controls and optimal power climbing speed, it is provided that a kind of power switching reference locus, power is carried out feedback control, follows the tracks of setting power quickly and safely, and completion system controls target.
For realizing the first object of the present invention, the technical scheme is that
For carrying out power switching effectively and rapidly, it is not resulted in again fuel deficit, electrochemical reaction must be increased and consume the speed of fuel, namely switching time is extended, obtain and both can guarantee that solid oxide fuel battery system quickly switched, do not cause again the most handoff times short of the in debt system of fuel and optimal switching time.Within the optimal switching time, the operating condition of corresponding different power rise speed and fuel time delay.By analysis, during system load is followed the tracks of, power switching is more rapid, the more easy deficit of fuel；System fuel is more long for time delay, the more easy deficit of fuel.Whether in debt the present invention, under providing the switching condition of different power rates of rise and fuel time delay, investigate system fuel one by one.
For without loss of generality, fuel time delay is set as 3s according to analyzing result, for avoiding fuel in debt, obtaining best power climbing speed is 97.5W/s, it is then about 20s at power from the 3kW optimal switching time rising to 5kW, now both ensure that Fast Load was followed the tracks of, and avoided again system fuel in debt.The design of the controller in the present invention also will use this group to select parameter.
For realizing the second object of the present invention, the technical scheme is that
Controlling in the process of power tracking at MPC, controller is not the target output directly following the tracks of default, but with the power reference track of design for tracking target.One is designed good reference locus and can order about the output valve of system and quickly, smoothly trace into target trajectory.In the present invention, setting fuel time delay as 3s, best power is advanced the speed as 97.5W/s, is about 20s at power from the 3kW optimal switching time rising to 5kW, then in the control process of MPC, according to above selected parameter:
The power target constrained trajectory of design is:
Y (t)=97.5t+3000
The goal constraint track value that y (t) is t；
The power reference track of design is:
y r ( k ) = y ( k ) y r ( k + j ) = α j · y ( k ) + ( 1 - α j ) · s
Wherein, s is target power setting value, y (k), yr(k) respectively with the system power output valve in the kth moment and power reference track value, α is smoothing factor, and j is for setting step-length, yr(k+j) it is the power reference track value in (k+j) moment.Power reference track value is discrete point, obtains power reference track after they smooth connections, the power reference track value and power reference according to power output valve Yu the subsequent time of weight assignment again of set value of the power.Power reference track, only in the lower section of goal constraint track, is just avoided that fuel is in debt.
In the present invention, take with reference to the above parameter that controls, and take an example j=4, α=0.95, can ensureing that the power reference track of design is in the lower section of goal constraint track, and power reference track quickly, smoothly traces into goal constraint track, therefore both rapidities in guaranteed output tracking process, turn avoid system fuel deficit, it is achieved that the control target of power.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is embodied in: in load tracking process, when requiring power rise, the present invention obtains the optimal power climbing speed (or claiming critical power climbing speed) under special parameter, both ensure quickly to carry out load tracking, turn avoid the fuel deficit problem in conventional load tracking process；In the power of MPC controller controls, in conjunction with optimal power climbing speed and optimal power switching time, the power reference track of design, can be used in the controller, realize fast power to follow the tracks of, and avoid fuel in debt, it is adaptable to actual engineering application, provide new resolving ideas for system power switching control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is power target constrained trajectory and power reference track schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.As long as just can be mutually combined additionally, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below does not constitute conflict each other.
Table 1 is that under different power switching condition, whether system produces fuel deficit schematic diagram.Solid oxide fuel battery system is equivalent to a power provides device, when external loading requires that power changes to 5kW from 3kW, for ensureing as carrying out power switching effectively and rapidly, it is not resulted in again fuel deficit, then system is under different fuel time delay, power rise speed that can be corresponding different during power switched.Table 1 has been expressed system load and has been followed the tracks of more rapid, the more easy deficit of fuel；System fuel is more long for time delay, the more easy deficit of fuel.Optimal power climbing speed (or claiming critical power climbing speed) when power rise speed when wherein just occurring without fuel deficit is corresponding fuel time delay such as when fuel time delay is 3s, optimal power climbing speed position 97.5W/s.
Under the power switching condition that table 1 is different, whether system produces fuel deficit
Fig. 1 is power target track and power reference track schematic diagram.Selecting in the present invention to set fuel time delay as 3s, for avoiding fuel in debt, obtaining optimal power climbing speed is 97.5W/s, then be about 20s at power from the 3kW optimal switching time rising to 5kW, and a corresponding power switches target trajectory.This target trajectory had both ensured that switching time was enough short, avoid again fuel in debt, by design power reference locus in MPC control process, the power output valve enabling system quickly, smoothly traces into target trajectory, the same fast power that realizes in engineering is followed the tracks of, and is avoided that again the target that fuel is in debt.If Fig. 1 has expressed when power switches, power rise speed is more than the power rise speed of target trajectory, although make power switching more rapid, but system fuel is in debt serious.And the reference locus below power target reference locus, system fuel will not be made in debt, but the rapidity of switching also is able to necessarily be ensured.Therefore can under selected operating parameter, the power reference track of design, it is possible to realize system fast power and follow the tracks of, be avoided that again the target that fuel is in debt, be adapted to the engineer applied of reality.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a solid oxide fuel battery system avoids the control method that fuel is in debt, it is characterised in that including:
Step one, is follow the tracks of in the process that external loading realizes power rise switching in system, passes through simulation analysis, when setting different time delay, obtain corresponding optimal power climbing speed so that system meets Fast Load and follows the tracks of ability, is not resulted in again fuel deficit problem；
Step 2, power reference track is devised based on Model Predictive Control, and in conjunction with power reference track, enable the power output valve of system quickly, smoothly to trace into goal constraint track, it is achieved the target that SOFC stand alone generating system is quick, safe bearing load is followed the tracks of.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described step one particularly as follows:
In the control process that bearing power rises, for avoiding system fuel in debt and system aging, it is necessary to restriction power rise speed；Setting different power rates of rise and fuel time delay, whether investigation system there will be fuel deficit, and power rate of rise when just occurring without fuel deficit is optimal power climbing speed when corresponding fuel time delay.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described step 2 particularly as follows:
Controlling in the process of power tracking at MPC, controller is with the power reference track of design for tracking target；In MPC control, the reference locus of design is
y r ( k ) = y ( k ) y r ( k + j ) = α j · y ( k ) + ( 1 - α j ) · s
Wherein, s is target power setting value, y (k), yr(k) respectively with the system power output valve in the kth moment and power reference track value, α is smoothing factor, and j is for setting step-length, yr(k+j) it is the power reference track value in (k+j) moment.The power reference track value and power reference according to power output valve Yu the subsequent time of weight assignment again of set value of the power.
CN201610192446.8A 2016-03-30 2016-03-30 A kind of solid oxide fuel battery system avoids the control method of fuel deficit Active CN105720286B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610192446.8A CN105720286B (en) 2016-03-30 2016-03-30 A kind of solid oxide fuel battery system avoids the control method of fuel deficit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610192446.8A CN105720286B (en) 2016-03-30 2016-03-30 A kind of solid oxide fuel battery system avoids the control method of fuel deficit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105720286A true CN105720286A (en) 2016-06-29
CN105720286B CN105720286B (en) 2018-07-06

Family

ID=56159346

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201610192446.8A Active CN105720286B (en) 2016-03-30 2016-03-30 A kind of solid oxide fuel battery system avoids the control method of fuel deficit

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN105720286B (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107689459A (en) * 2017-08-22 2018-02-13 西南交通大学 A kind of efficiency optimization control method of tramcar fuel cell array system
CN107991881A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-05-04 东南大学 A kind of solid oxide fuel cell non-linear inhibition method based on multiple model predictive control
CN112363060A (en) * 2020-11-11 2021-02-12 集美大学 Solid oxide fuel cell voltage prediction method, terminal device, and storage medium
CN113793954A (en) * 2021-11-17 2021-12-14 中国人民解放军空军预警学院 Parameter adjusting method for solid oxide fuel cell during load rise
CN115833078A (en) * 2022-12-12 2023-03-21 中国人民解放军空军预警学院 Energy optimization method of direct-current micro power grid based on SOFC
CN115928148A (en) * 2022-11-18 2023-04-07 华中科技大学 Optimization method for load switching track of SOEC (System on Ethernet control Unit) system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080160370A1 (en) * 2004-07-12 2008-07-03 Hydrogenics Corporation Adaptive Current Controller for a Fuel-Cell System
CN101981739A (en) * 2008-03-27 2011-02-23 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 Fuel cell system and method of load following operation of the same
CN102035006A (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-27 Toto株式会社 Solid oxide fuel cell device
CN105375046A (en) * 2015-11-17 2016-03-02 华中科技大学 Load power switching method for solid oxide fuel cell

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080160370A1 (en) * 2004-07-12 2008-07-03 Hydrogenics Corporation Adaptive Current Controller for a Fuel-Cell System
CN101981739A (en) * 2008-03-27 2011-02-23 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 Fuel cell system and method of load following operation of the same
CN102035006A (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-27 Toto株式会社 Solid oxide fuel cell device
CN105375046A (en) * 2015-11-17 2016-03-02 华中科技大学 Load power switching method for solid oxide fuel cell

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
蒋建华: "平板式固体氧化物燃料电池系统的动态建模与控制", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅱ辑》 *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107689459A (en) * 2017-08-22 2018-02-13 西南交通大学 A kind of efficiency optimization control method of tramcar fuel cell array system
CN107689459B (en) * 2017-08-22 2019-11-08 西南交通大学 A kind of efficiency optimization control method of tramcar fuel cell array system
CN107991881A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-05-04 东南大学 A kind of solid oxide fuel cell non-linear inhibition method based on multiple model predictive control
CN107991881B (en) * 2017-12-20 2021-01-05 东南大学 Solid oxide fuel cell nonlinear suppression method based on multi-model predictive control
CN112363060A (en) * 2020-11-11 2021-02-12 集美大学 Solid oxide fuel cell voltage prediction method, terminal device, and storage medium
CN112363060B (en) * 2020-11-11 2024-05-03 集美大学 Solid oxide fuel cell voltage prediction method, terminal device, and storage medium
CN113793954A (en) * 2021-11-17 2021-12-14 中国人民解放军空军预警学院 Parameter adjusting method for solid oxide fuel cell during load rise
CN115928148A (en) * 2022-11-18 2023-04-07 华中科技大学 Optimization method for load switching track of SOEC (System on Ethernet control Unit) system
CN115833078A (en) * 2022-12-12 2023-03-21 中国人民解放军空军预警学院 Energy optimization method of direct-current micro power grid based on SOFC

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105720286B (en) 2018-07-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105720286A (en) Control method for avoiding fuel deficiency of solid oxide fuel cell
Xiong et al. An enhanced equivalent circuit model of vanadium redox flow battery energy storage systems considering thermal effects
Ettihir et al. Energy management strategy for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle based on maximum efficiency and maximum power identification
Bozorgmehri et al. Modeling and optimization of anode‐supported solid oxide fuel cells on cell parameters via artificial neural network and genetic algorithm
Mayur et al. A multi-timescale modeling methodology for PEMFC performance and durability in a virtual fuel cell car
CN109325299B (en) Composite modeling simulation method of all-vanadium redox flow battery
CN106654319A (en) Temperature modeling method for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system based on variation particle swarm and differential evolution hybrid algorithm
Jacobsen et al. Model predictive control with a rigorous model of a solid oxide fuel cell
Arpino et al. Numerical simulation of mass and energy transport phenomena in solid oxide fuel cells
Fardadi et al. Actuator limitations in spatial temperature control of SOFC
CN103299467B (en) For controlling the method and apparatus of the fuel supply in fuel cell system
Chmielewski et al. Experimental research and simulation model of electrochemical energy stores
Singh et al. A novel method for determination of a time period for stabilization of power generation of microbial fuel cell with effect of microorganisms
Yao et al. Modeling and simulation of the zinc-nickel single flow batteries based on MATLAB/Simulink
Wei et al. Research on PEMFC internal temperature predictions and thermal management strategy based on a Kalman algorithm
Sin et al. Industrial and academic collaboration strategies on hydrogen fuel cell technology development in Malaysia
Guo et al. Marginalized particle filtering for online parameter estimation of PEMFC applied to hydrogen UAVs
Wu et al. Fuzzy logic control-based charge/discharge equalization method for lithium-ion batteries
Mannari et al. Model for charging/discharging dynamics of cells in redox flow battery with transport delay
Cook et al. An algorithm for selection and design of hybrid power supplies for MEMS with a case study of a micro-gas chromatograph system
Yang et al. Temperature control of MCFC based on an affine nonlinear thermal model
Chen et al. In-depth analysis of transport delay on cell performance and modeling precision for all-vanadium flow battery
Mankour et al. Thermal Characterization of a SOFC fuel cell
Kumari et al. FPGA and dspace based sliding mode control of boost converter for pem fuel cell application
Kumari et al. Labview based sliding mode voltage control of PEM fuel cell system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant